Memantine is a clinically well tolerated N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist—a review of preclinical data

Magnesium gates glutamate-activated channels in mouse central neurones

1984 • 3,999 citations

Developmental and regional expression in the rat brain and functional properties of four NMDA receptors

1994 • 3,437 citations

Elevation of the Extracellular Concentrations of Glutamate and Aspartate in Rat Hippocampus During Transient Cerebral Ischemia Monitored by Intracerebral Microdialysis

1984 • 2,884 citations

Heteromeric NMDA Receptors: Molecular and Functional Distinction of Subtypes

1992 • 2,527 citations

Interactions between glutamatergic and monoaminergic systems within the basal ganglia-implications for schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease

1990 • 1,102 citations

The Time Course of Glutamate in the Synaptic Cleft

1992 • 1,071 citations

Excitatory amino acid receptors and synaptic plasticity

1990 • 872 citations

Staging of Alzheimer-Related Cortical Destruction

1993 • 810 citations

Open-channel block of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) responses by memantine: therapeutic advantage against NMDA receptor-mediated neurotoxicity

1992 • 626 citations

Clinical Experience With Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonist Drugs

1995 • 499 citations

Glutamate in CNS disorders as a target for drug development: an update

1998 • 423 citations

Ligand affinities at recombinant receptors depend on subunit composition

1994 • 381 citations

Membrane properties and synaptic responses of rat striatal neurones in vitro.

1991 • 375 citations

Efficacy of spinal NMDA receptor antagonism in formalin hyperalgesia and nerve injury evoked allodynia in the rat.

1997 • 362 citations

The potentiation of the anti akinetic effect after L-Dopa treatment by an inhibitor of Mao-B, deprenil

1975 • 361 citations

Memantine is a potent blocker of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor channels

1989 • 347 citations

A cure for wind up: NMDA receptor antagonists as potential analgesics

1990 • 327 citations

Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease: implications for therapy

1994 • 321 citations

Therapeutic potential of excitatory amino acid antagonists: channel blockers and 2,3-benzodiazepines

1993 • 318 citations

Aminoadamantanes as NMDA receptor antagonists and antiparkinsonian agents — preclinical studies

1997 • 317 citations

Platelet-activating factor: a candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1-induced neurotoxin

1994 • 317 citations

Effects of the 1-amino-adamantanes at the MK-801-binding site of the NMDA-receptor-gated ion channel: a human postmortem brain study

1991 • 303 citations

MK-801, a proposed noncompetitive antagonist of excitatory amino acid neurotransmission, produces phencyclidine-like behavioral effects in pigeons, rats and rhesus monkeys.

1988 • 302 citations

Comparison of the potency, kinetics and voltage-dependency of a series of uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists in vitro with anticonvulsive and motor impairment activity in vivo

1995 • 300 citations

Comparative Effect of Transient Global Ischemia on Extracellular Levels of Glutamate, Glycine, and γ‐Aminobutyric Acid in Vulnerable and Nonvulnerable Brain Regions in the Rat

1991 • 299 citations

Anti-craving compounds for ethanol: new pharmacological tools to study addictive processes

1997 • 298 citations

Chronic low-dose glutamate is toxic to retinal ganglion cells. Toxicity blocked by memantine.

1996 • 283 citations

Amantadine and memantine are NMDA receptor antagonists with neuroprotective properties.

1994 • 283 citations

Patch clamp studies on the kinetics and selectivity of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonism by memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantan)

1993 • 278 citations

Mechanism of memantine block of NMDA‐activated channels in rat retinal ganglion cells: uncompetitive antagonism.

1997 • 275 citations

Chemical synaptic transmission in the cochlea

1995 • 262 citations

PCP (Phencyclidine): Historical and Current Perspectives

1982 • 260 citations

Expression of mRNAs Encoding Subunits of the NMDA Receptor in Developing Rat Brain

1995 • 255 citations

Memantine displaces [3H]MK-801 at therapeutic concentrations in postmortem human frontal cortex

1989 • 251 citations

Trapping Channel Block of NMDA-Activated Responses By Amantadine and Memantine

1997 • 237 citations

N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Antagonists in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease

1991 • 221 citations

Psychotogenicity and N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism: Implications for neuroprotective pharmacotherapy

1997 • 220 citations

The excitatory amino acid antagonist d-CPP-ene (SDZ EAA-494) in patients with epilepsy

1993 • 194 citations

Neuroprotective concentrations of the N-methyl-D-aspartate open-channel blocker memantine are effective without cytoplasmic vacuolation following post-ischemic administration and do not block maze learning or long-term potentiation

1998 • 194 citations

Glutamate transmission and toxicity in alzheimer's disease

1988 • 190 citations

Glutamate antagonists have different effects on spontaneous locomotor activity in rats

1994 • 186 citations

Different sensitivities of NMDA receptor channel subtypes to non-competitive antagonists

1993 • 185 citations

Decreased glutamate transporter (GLT-1) expression in frontal cortex of rats with acute liver failure

1997 • 184 citations

NMDA receptor antagonists can enhance or impair learning performance in animals

1989 • 184 citations

Modulation of learning processes by ionotropic glutamate receptor ligands

1995 • 181 citations

Open-Channel Blockers at the Human α4β2 Neuronal Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor

1998 • 181 citations

Excitotoxic index — a biochemical marker of selective vulnerability

1991 • 178 citations

gp120 of HIV-1 induces apoptosis in rat cortical cell cultures: prevention by memantine

1992 • 174 citations

Amantadine treatment is an independent predictor of improved survival in Parkinson's disease

1996 • 171 citations

Is the neuronal basis of Alzheimer's disease cholinergic or glutamatergic?

1990 • 168 citations

Neuroactive amino acids and glutamate (NMDA) receptors in frontal cortex of rats with experimental acute liver failure

1996 • 168 citations

The role of excitatory amino acid receptors and intracellular messengers in persistent nociception after tissue injury in rats

1993 • 164 citations

Neuroprotective effect of memantine demonstrated in vivo and in vitro

1990 • 157 citations

Neuroprotective strategies for treatment of lesions produced by mitochondrial toxins: Implications for neurodegenerative diseases

1996 • 157 citations

Distribution of NMDA receptor subunit proteins NR2A, 2B, 2C and 2D in rat brain

1995 • 157 citations

Potential Antidepressive Properties of Amantadine, Memantine and Bifemelane

1993 • 155 citations

Cerebrospinal fluid and serum concentrations of the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist memantine in man

1995 • 155 citations

Alteration of Ca2+ permeability and sensitivity to Mg2+ and channel blockers by a single amino acid substitution in the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor.

1993 • 155 citations

Do NMDA antagonists protect against cerebral ischemia: are clinical trials warranted?

1990 • 154 citations

Low-frequency activation of the NMDA receptor system can prevent the induction of LTP

1989 • 154 citations

Memantine prevents HIV coat protein‐induced neuronal injury in vitro

1992 • 153 citations

Cytoprotective effect of NMDA receptor antagonists on prion protein (PrionSc)-induced toxicity in rat cortical cell cultures

1993 • 151 citations

Memantine, a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist improves hyperammonemia-induced encephalopathy and acute hepatic encephalopathy in rats

1997 • 148 citations

Effects of the Uncompetitive NMDA Receptor Antagonist Memantine on Hippocampal Long‐term Potentiation, Short‐term Exploratory Modulation and Spatial Memory in Awake, Freely Moving Rats

1996 • 145 citations

N–Methyl–D–aspartate antagonists limit aminoglycoside antibiotic–induced hearing loss

1996 • 144 citations

Toward an understanding of the role of glutamate in experimental parkinsonism: Agonist‐sensitive sites in the basal ganglia

1993 • 141 citations

Differential behavioural and neurochemical effects of competitive and non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists in rats

1992 • 140 citations

Intraplantar injection of dextrorphan, ketamine or memantine attenuates formalin-induced behaviors

1998 • 139 citations

Prevention of HIV-1 gp120-induced neuronal damage in the central nervous system of transgenic mice by the NMDA receptor antagonist memantine

1996 • 139 citations

The Adamantyl Group in Medicinal Agents. I. Hypoglycemic N-Arylsulfonyl-N'-adamantylureas

1963 • 138 citations

Efficacy of memantine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, in the treatment of Parkinson's disease

1992 • 137 citations

Regional Variations in the Pharmacology of NMDA Receptor Channel Blockers: Implications for Therapeutic Potential

1995 • 137 citations

The b-Wave of the Electroretinogram as an Index of Retinal Ischemia*

1998 • 133 citations

Drug therapy for acquired pendular nystagmus in multiple sclerosis

1996 • 131 citations

Memantine is neuroprotective in a rat model of pressure-induced retinal ischemia.

1998 • 130 citations

Effects of memantine and MK‐801 on NMDA‐induced currents in cultured neurones and on synaptic transmission and LTP in area CA1 of rat hippocampal slices

1996 • 129 citations

Antinociceptive activity of CP‐101,606, an NMDA receptor NR2B subunit antagonist

1997 • 128 citations

Amino-alkyl-cyclohexanes are novel uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists with strong voltage-dependency and fast blocking kinetics: in vitro and in vivo characterization

1999 • 128 citations

Use of composite scores (megascores) to measure deficit in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

1988 • 127 citations

Efficacy and tolerability of memantine in patients with dementia syndrome. A double-blind, placebo controlled trial.

1991 • 124 citations

Memantine in the treatment of mild to moderate dementia syndrome. A double-blind placebo-controlled study.

1992 • 121 citations

Reduced Glycine Stimulation of [³H]MK‐801 Binding in Alzheimer's Disease

1989 • 117 citations

Different binding affinities of NMDA receptor channel blockers in various brain regions—Indication of NMDA receptor heterogeneity

1995 • 115 citations

Infusion of (+)-MK-801 and memantine — contrasting effects on radial maze learning in rats with entorhinal cortex lesion

1996 • 112 citations

Memantine abrogates neurological deficits, but not CNS inflammation, in Lewis rat experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

1996 • 112 citations

Behavioural pharmacology of glutamate receptors in the basal ganglia

1997 • 111 citations

Evidence for alcohol anti-craving properties of memantine

1996 • 107 citations

Comparative Patch‐clamp Studies with Freshly Dissociated Rat Hippocampal and Striatal Neurons on the NMDA Receptor Antagonistic Effects of Amantadine and Memantine

1996 • 107 citations

Selective increase of NMDA-sensitive glutamate binding in the striatum of Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and mixed Parkinson's disease/Alzheimer's disease patients: an autoradiographic study

1994 • 107 citations

Memantine restores long term potentiation impaired by tonic N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation following reduction of Mg2+ In hippocampal slices

1999 • 106 citations

Memantine is highly potent in protecting cortical cultures against excitotoxic cell death evoked by glutamate and N-methyl-D-aspartate

1991 • 106 citations

Uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists attenuate NMDA-induced impairment of passive avoidance learning and LTP

1997 • 106 citations

The NMDA antagonist memantine blocks the expression and maintenance of morphine dependence

1996 • 105 citations

Changes in Extracellular Amino Acids and Spontaneous Neuronal Activity During Ischemia and Extended Reflow in the CA1 of the Rat Hippocampus

1991 • 104 citations

Learning deficits induced by chronic intraventricular infusion of quinolinic acid — protection by MK-801 and memantine

1996 • 103 citations

Inhibition of reinforcing effects of morphine and motivational aspects of naloxone-precipitated opioid withdrawal by N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, memantine.

1997 • 102 citations

Glutamate metabolism is down-regulated in astrocytes during experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1997 • 102 citations

The Coat Protein gp120 of HIV‐1 Inhibits Astrocyte Uptake of Excitatory Amino Acids via Macrophage Arachidonic Acid

1995 • 101 citations

The NMDA antagonist memantine blocks pain behavior in a rat model of formalin-induced facial pain

1993 • 101 citations

Effects of memantine on recombinant rat NMDA receptors expressed in HEK 293 cells

1996 • 100 citations

Selective vulnerability of hippocampal CA1 neurons cannot be explained in terms of an increase in glutamate concentration during ischemia in the gerbil: Brain microdialysis study

1992 • 100 citations

Differences in results from in vivo and in vitro studies on the use-dependency of N-methylaspartate antagonism by MK-801 and other phencyclidine receptor ligands

1988 • 99 citations

Modulation by magnesium of the affinity of NMDA receptors for glycine in murine hippocampal neurones.

1995 • 97 citations

Free radical mechanisms in schizophrenia and tardive dyskinesia

1994 • 96 citations

MK-801, memantine and amantadine show neuroprotective activity in the nucleus basalis magnocellularis

1995 • 96 citations

Wirkungen oraler Memantin-Gaben auf die Parkinson-Symptomatik: Ergebnisse einer placebo-kontrollierten Multicenter-Studie

2008 • 95 citations

The anti-parkinsonian drug amantadine inhibits the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid-evoked release of acetylcholine from rat neostriatum in a non-competitive way

1992 • 94 citations

Quantitative analysis of factors influencing neuronal necrosis induced by MK-801 in the rat posterior cingulate/retrosplenial cortex

1995 • 92 citations

A mouse model of focal cerebral ischemia for screening neuroprotective drug effects

1992 • 91 citations

Memantine-induced dopamine release in the prefrontal cortex and striatum of the rat — a pharmacokinetic microdialysis study

1994 • 90 citations

Behavioural pharmacology of glutamate in the basal ganglia.

1992 • 90 citations

Extract of kava (Piper methysticum) and its methysticin constituents protect brain tissue against ischemic damage in rodents

1992 • 89 citations

Noncompetitive NMDA Receptor Antagonists with Fast Open-Channel Blocking Kinetics and Strong Voltage-Dependency as Potential Therapeutic Agents for Alzheimer's Dementia

1995 • 87 citations

Ethanol and N -methyl- D -aspartate receptor complex interactions: a detailed drug discrimination study in the rat

1998 • 87 citations

PCP (phencyclidine), historical and current perspectives

1981 • 87 citations

NR1 and NR2 subunit contributions to N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel blocker pharmacology.

1997 • 87 citations

Delayed administration of memantine prevents N‐methyl‐<scp>D</scp>‐aspartate receptor‐mediated neurotoxicity

1993 • 86 citations

Striatal Protection Induced by Lesioning the Substantia Nigra of Rats Subjected to Focal Ischemia

1992 • 84 citations

Neuroprotection of acetylcholinergic basal forebrain neurons by memantine and neurokinin B

1997 • 83 citations

Interaction of memantine and amantadine with agonist‐unbound NMDA‐receptor channels in acutely isolated rat hippocampal neurons

1998 • 82 citations

Prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy of memantine against seizures produced by soman in the rat

1992 • 78 citations

Transient expression of NMDA receptors during rearrangement of AMPA-receptor-expressing fibers in the developing inner ear

1996 • 78 citations

The clinically tested N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist memantine blocks and reverses thermal hyperalgesia in a rat model of painful mononeuropathy

1995 • 78 citations

NMDA receptor-mediated glutamate toxicity of cultured cerebellar, cortical and mesencephalic neurons: neuroprotective properties of amantadine and memantine

1993 • 78 citations

Are NMDA antagonistic properties relevant for antiparkinsonianlike activity in rats?—Case of amantadine and memantine

1994 • 75 citations

An Animal Model for Coexisting Tardive Dyskinesia and Tardive Parkinsonism

1993 • 75 citations

Inhibitory effects of the antiparkinsonian drugs memantine and amantadine on N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked acetylcholine release in the rabbit caudate nucleus in vitro.

1992 • 74 citations

Treatment with the NMDA antagonist memantine attenuates nociceptive responses to mechanical stimulation in neuropathic rats

1995 • 71 citations

Anxiolytic activity of glycine-B antagonists and partial agonists—No relation to intrinsic activity in the patch clamp

1997 • 71 citations

Brain penetration and in vivo recovery of NMDA receptor antagonists amantadine and memantine: a quantitative microdialysis study.

1999 • 71 citations

Antiparkinsonian actions of glutamate antagonists — alone and with L-DOPA: A review of evidence and suggestions for possible mechanisms

1995 • 69 citations

Affinity of 1-aminoadamantanes for the σ binding site in post-mortem human frontal cortex

1993 • 68 citations

AIDS‐Related Dementia and Calcium Homeostasis^a

1994 • 67 citations

The effects of the clinically tested NMDA receptor antagonist memantine on carrageenan-induced thermal hyperalgesia in rats

1994 • 67 citations

Antagonist properties of eliprodil and other NMDA receptor antagonists at rat NR1A/NR2A and NR1A/NR2B receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes

1997 • 66 citations

Neuroleptic antagonism of dyskinetic phenomena

1975 • 66 citations

The NMDA antagonist memantine impairs classical eyeblink conditioning in humans

1997 • 65 citations

Loss of glycine-dependent radioligand binding to the receptor complex in patients with Alzheimer's disease

1989 • 63 citations

Chemically-diverse ligands at the glycine B site coupled to (NMDA) receptors selectively block the late phase of formalin-induced pain in mice

1994 • 62 citations

Receptor Pharmacological Models for Inner Ear Therapies with Emphasis on Glutamate Receptors: A Survey

1995 • 61 citations

AMANTADINE IN DEPRESSION

1971 • 60 citations

Anticonvulsant activity of the low-affinity uncompetitive N-methyl-D- aspartate antagonist (+-)-5-aminocarbonyl-10,11-dihydro-5H- dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (ADCI): comparison with the structural analogs dizocilpine (MK-801) and carbamazepine.

1991 • 59 citations

Structure-anti-Parkinson activity relationships in the aminoadamantanes. Influence of bridgehead substitution

1982 • 59 citations

Low concentrations of inhibit the induction of long-term potentiation in rat hippocampal slices

1992 • 59 citations

Dizocilpine-like Discriminative Stimulus Effects of Low-affinity Uncompetitive NMDA Antagonists

1996 • 59 citations

Differential locomotor interactions between dopamine D1/D2 receptor agonists and the NMDA antagonist dizocilpine in monoamine-depleted mice

1992 • 58 citations

Memantine reduces functional and morphological consequences induced by global ischemia in rats

1996 • 58 citations

High doses of memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane) induce seizures in kindled but not in non-kindled rats

1990 • 57 citations

Elevated NMDA receptors in Parkinsonian striatum

1992 • 57 citations

The mechanism of magnesium block of NMDA receptors

1994 • 56 citations

Quantitative assessment of tolerance to and dependence on morphine in mice

1977 • 56 citations

Memantine prevents quinolinic acid-induced hippocampal damage

1992 • 55 citations

Two Blocking Sites of Amino-Adamantane Derivatives in Open N-Methyl-d-Aspartate Channels

1998 • 55 citations

Central Nervous System Expression of HIV-1 Gp120 Activates the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Evidence for Involvement of NMDA Receptors and Nitric Oxide Synthase

1996 • 54 citations

Exposure to gp120 of HIV‐1 Induces an Increased Release of Arachidonic Acid in Rat Primary Neuronal Cell Culture Followed by NMDA Receptor‐mediated Neurotoxicity

1995 • 54 citations

Anticonvulsant action of 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane

1986 • 54 citations

The effects of mitochondrial failure upon cholinergic toxicity in the nucleus basalis

1996 • 53 citations

Prevention and antagonism of acute carbofuran intoxication by memantine and atropine

1989 • 52 citations

Synaptosomal glutamate transport in thioacetamide-induced hepatic encephalopathy in the rat

1995 • 52 citations

Low-affinity NMDA receptor channel blockers inhibit acquisition of intravenous morphine self-administration in naive mice

1999 • 51 citations

Synaptic Repair Mechanisms Responsible for Functional Recovery in Various Cochlear Pathologies

1997 • 50 citations

Effect of glutamate receptor antagonists on N-methyl-D-aspartate- and (S)-α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid-induced convulsant effects in mice and rats

1993 • 50 citations

Excitotoxic Mechanisms May Be Involved in the Pathophysiology of Tardive Dyskinesia

1991 • 49 citations

Modulation of ⁴⁵Ca²⁺ Influx into Cells Stably Expressing Recombinant Human NMDA Receptors by Ligands Acting at Distinct Recognition Sites

1996 • 49 citations

Investigations of neurotoxicity and neuroprotection within the nucleus basalis of the rat

1994 • 49 citations

[Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of memantine].

1983 • 48 citations

Excitatory amino acids: Implications for psychiatric disorders research

1994 • 48 citations

Potential of memantine, D-tubocurarine, and atropine in preventing acute toxic myopathy induced by organophosphate nerve agents: soman, sarin, tabun and VX.

1992 • 47 citations

Neuropathogenesis of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome dementia

1997 • 46 citations

Effects of memantine on the frog neuromuscular junction

1986 • 46 citations

Antidystonic effects of the NMDA receptor antagonists memantine, MK-801 and CGP 37849 in a mutant hamster model of paroxysmal dystonia

1991 • 45 citations

Electrophysiological Study, Biodistribution in Mice, and Preliminary PET Evaluation in a Rhesus Monkey of 1-Amino-3-[18F]fluoromethyl-5-methyl-adamantane (18F-MEM): A Potential Radioligand for Mapping the NMDA-Receptor Complex

1998 • 44 citations

Memantine (1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane) blocks the serotonin-induced depolarization response in a neuronal cell line

1988 • 44 citations

Human brain N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors regulating noradrenaline release are positively modulated by HIV-1 coat protein gp120

1996 • 44 citations

Selective loss of binding sites for the glutamate receptor ligands [3H]kainate and (S)-[3H]5-fluorowillardiine in the brains of rats with acute liver failure

1997 • 43 citations

NMDA antagonists disrupt timing behaviour in rats

1992 • 43 citations

Memantine, amantadine, and L-deprenyl potentiate the action of L-DOPA in monoamine-depleted rats

1994 • 43 citations

Over-additive anticonvulsant effect of memantine and NBQX in kindled rats

1994 • 43 citations

Inhibition by memantine of the development of persistent oral dyskinesias induced by long‐term haloperidol treatment of rats

1996 • 42 citations

Amantadine inhibits nicotinic acetylcholine receptor function in hippocampal neurons.

1997 • 42 citations

Pharmacological effects of 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane, a new adamantane derivative

1974 • 41 citations

Microdialysis studies with amantadine and memantine on pharmacokinetics and effects on dopamine turnover

1995 • 41 citations

Assessment of primary neuronal culture as a model for soman-induced neurotoxicity and effectiveness of memantine as a neuroprotective drug

1995 • 41 citations

Anticataleptic potencies of glutamate-antagonists

1991 • 41 citations

Evidence for Lysosomotropism of Memantine in Cultured Human Cells: Cellular Kinetics and Effects of Memantine on Phospholipid Content and Composition, Membrane Fluidity and β‐Adrenergic Transmission

1993 • 41 citations

Excitatory amino acid receptors and disease.

1992 • 41 citations

The effect of NMDA antagonists on footshock-induced fighting behavior in chronically stressed rats.

1997 • 41 citations

Methyl parathion acute toxicity: prophylaxis and therapy with memantine and atropine.

1990 • 40 citations

Apparent Independent Action of Nimodipine and Glutamate Antagonists to Protect Cultured Neurons Against Glutamate-induced Damage

1996 • 39 citations

Radioelectroencephalographic Comparison of Memantine with Receptor-Specific Drugs Acting on Dopaminergic Transmission in Freely Moving Rats

1987 • 38 citations

Structural determinants of the blocker binding site in glutamate and NMDA receptor channels

1998 • 38 citations

Distribution and Metabolism of the Potential Anti-Parkinson Drng Memantine in the Human

1980 • 38 citations

Antagonists of the NMDA receptor-channel complex and motor coordination

1995 • 37 citations

Dopamine release and direct dopamine receptor activation in the central nervous system by D-145, an amantadine derivative

1973 • 37 citations

Dose escalation safety and tolerance study of the competitive NMDA antagonist selfotel (CGS 19755) in neurosurgery patients.

1998 • 37 citations

Molecular Analysis of Excitatory Amino Acid Receptor Expression in the Cochlea

1997 • 37 citations

N-Methyl-d-aspartate and α2-adrenergic mechanisms are involved in the depressent action of flupirtine on spinal reflexes in rats

1995 • 36 citations

Memantine Suppresses the Glutamatergic Neurotransmission of Mammalian Inner Hair Cells

1998 • 36 citations

Evaluation of the reinforcing and discriminative stimulus properties of the low-affinity N-methyl-D-aspartate channel blocker memantine.

1998 • 36 citations

The pharmacology of native N-methtl-D-aspartate receptor subtypes: Different receptors control the release of different striatal and spinal transmitters

1998 • 36 citations

Comparison of glutamate antagonists in continuous multiple-trial and single-trial dark avoidance

1995 • 36 citations

The clinically available NMDA receptor antagonist memantine is antinociceptive on rat spinal neurones

1993 • 35 citations

Memantine stimulates inositol phosphates production in neurones and nullifies N- destruction of retinal neurones

1992 • 35 citations

Neuropharmacological studies on D145 (1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantan)

1975 • 34 citations

Chronic Phencyclidine (PCP) Abuse: A Psychiatric Perspective

1980 • 34 citations

Differential effects of NMDA and non-NMDA antagonists on the activity of aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase activity in the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway of the rat

1998 • 34 citations

Characterisation of the Glycine Modulatory Site of the N‐Methyl‐<scp>d</scp>‐Aspartate Receptor‐Ionophore Complex in Human Brain

1991 • 34 citations

The 6-hydroxydopamine rotational model for the detection of dopamine agonist activity: reliability of effect from different locations of 6-hydroxydopamine

1975 • 33 citations

Neurotoxicity in Rat Cortical Cells Caused by N-Methyl-D-Aspartate (NMDA) and gp120 of HIV-1: Induction and Pharmacological Intervention

1996 • 32 citations

Differential effects of NMDA–receptor antagonists on long-term potentiation and hypoxic/hypoglycaemic excitotoxicity in hippocampal slices

2000 • 32 citations

Hydrophobic interactions of n-alkyl diamines with the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor: voltage-dependent and -independent blocking sites.

1994 • 31 citations

Spinal antinociceptive actions and naloxone reversibility of intravenous μ‐ and κ‐opioids in spinalized rats: potency mismatch with values reported for spinal administration

1989 • 30 citations

Effects of memantine on synaptic transmission in the hippocampus in vitro.

1995 • 30 citations

Distribution of memantine in brain, liver, and blood of the rat.

1982 • 30 citations

Susceptibility of Primary Human Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein-Positive Brain Cells to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection In Vitro: Anti-HIV Activity of Memantine

1991 • 30 citations

Studies on the mechanism of action of the antiparkinsonian drugs memantine and amantadine: no evidence for direct dopaminomimetic or antimuscarinic properties.

1992 • 29 citations

Block of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor by phenycyclidine-like drugs is influenced by alternative splicing

1995 • 29 citations

The Use of Diurnal Vigilance Changes in the EEG to Verify Vigilance-Enhancing Effects of Memantine in a Clinical Pharmacological Study

1996 • 29 citations

Opposite effects of GABAA and NMDA receptor antagonists on ethanol-induced behavioral sleep in rats

1997 • 29 citations

Antiparkinsonian drugs memantine and trihexyphenidyl potentiate the anticonvulsant activity of valproate against maximal electroshock-induced seizures

1992 • 29 citations

Memantine has phencyclidine-like but not cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects in rats

1992 • 28 citations

Striatal NMDA receptor subtypes: the pharmacology of N-methyl-d-aspartate-evoked dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid, acetylcholine and spermidine release

1995 • 27 citations

Neuroactive amino acids in hepatic encephalopathy

1996 • 27 citations

Memantine selectively depresses NMDA receptor-mediated responses of rat spinal neurones in vivo

1994 • 27 citations

Hepatic Encephalopathy in Acute Liver Failure: Role of the Glutamate System

1997 • 26 citations

Memantine induces heat shock protein HSP70 in the posterior cingulate cortex, retrosplenial cortex and dentate gyrus of rat brain

1996 • 26 citations

No Protective Effect of the NMDA Antagonist Memantine in Experimental Spinal Cord Injuries

1997 • 26 citations

Effect of psychotropic agents on a model of absence epilepsy in rats

1991 • 26 citations

Modifications of the behavioral profile of non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonists, memantine, amantadine and (+)MK-801 after chronic administration

1999 • 25 citations

Effects of NMDA receptor channel blockers, dizocilpine and memantine, on the development of opiate analgesic tolerance induced by repeated morphine exposures or social defeats in mice

1998 • 25 citations

Interactions of excitatory amino acid antagonists with conventional antiepileptic drugs

1996 • 25 citations

The Antiseizure Efficacies of MK-801, Phencyclidine, Ketamine, and Memantine Are Altered Selectively by Stress

1997 • 24 citations

Dopaminergic stimulation enhances the utilization of noradrenaline in the central nervous system

1977 • 24 citations

HIV‐1 Envelope Protein gp120 Potentiates NMDA‐evoked Noradrenaline Release by a Direct Action at Rat Hippocampal and Cortical Noradrenergic Nerve Endings

1994 • 24 citations

Postischemic therapy with MK-801 (dizocilpine) in a primate model of transient focal brain ischemia

1996 • 23 citations

In vitro electrophysiological evidence predicting anticonvulsant efficacy of memantine and flunarizine.

1987 • 23 citations

THE EFFECT OF ADDING AMANTADINE TO OPTIMUM L-DOPA DOSAGE IN PARKINSON'S SYNDROME

2009 • 23 citations

Memantine prevents progressive functional neurodegeneration in rats.

1995 • 23 citations

In vitro studies on the possible effects of 1-aminoadamantanes on the serotonergic system in M. Parkinson

1979 • 22 citations

Effects of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonists on cisplatin-induced emesis in the Ferret

1996 • 22 citations

NMDA Receptor Subtype Selectivity: Eliprodil, Polyamine Spider Toxins, Dextromethorphan, and Desipramine Selectively Block NMDA‐Evoked Striatal Acetylcholine but Not Spermidine Release

1995 • 22 citations

Study of potency, kinetics of block and toxicity of NMDA receptor antagonists using fura-2

1996 • 22 citations

Effect of 1-aminoadamantanes on the MAO activity in brain, liver, and kidney of the rat.

1982 • 22 citations

Study on the role of glycine, strychnine-insensitive receptors (glycineB sites) in the discriminative stimulus effects of ethanol in the rat

1998 • 22 citations

[Experiences with memantine in the treatment of severe spastic and extrapyramidal movement disorders in combination with stereotaxic surgery].

1985 • 21 citations

Pharmacological analysis of carboxyphenylglycines at metabotropic glutamate receptors

1994 • 20 citations

The effect of memantine on various neurobiological processes.

1982 • 20 citations

Budipine is a low affinity, N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor antagonist: patch clamp studies in cultured striatal, hippocampal, cortical and superior colliculus neurones

1998 • 20 citations

Determination of intracellular Ca2+ concentration can be a useful tool to predict neuronal damage and neuroprotective properties of drugs

1996 • 20 citations

Evaluation of Anticonvulsant Drugs for Soman-Induced Seizure Activity

1996 • 20 citations

Memantine inhibits serotonin-induced rise of cytosolic Ca2+ activity and of cyclic GMP level in a neuronal cell line

1989 • 19 citations

Antagonism of N-methyl-D-aspartate-evoked currents in rat cortical cultures by ARL 15896AR.

1997 • 19 citations

HIV-1 gp120 and NMDA induce protein kinase C translocation differentially in rat primary neuronal cultures.

1993 • 19 citations

Anticonvulsant effects of memantine and MK-801 in Guinea Pig hippocampal slices

1995 • 19 citations

MK-801 and memantine protect cultured neurons from glutamate toxicity induced by glutamate carboxypeptidase-mediated cleavage of methotrexate

1993 • 18 citations

Chronic treatment with the uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist memantine influences the polyamine and glycine binding sites of the NMDA receptor complex in aged rats

1995 • 18 citations

Locomotor effects of amantadine in the mouse are not those of a typical glutamate antagonist

1995 • 18 citations

Synthesis and preliminary in vitro evaluation of a new memantine derivative 1-amino-3-[18F]fluoromethyl-5-methyl-adamantane: A potential ligand for mapping the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor complex

1997 • 17 citations

[Effect of memantine on membrane properties and postsynaptic potentials in neurons of Aplysia californica].

1982 • 17 citations

(NMDA)-mediated muscle relaxant action of memantine in rats

1992 • 17 citations

Effects of memantine on the twitch tension of mouse diaphragm

1989 • 17 citations

Synaptosomal glutamate transport in thioacetamide induced hepatic encephalopathy in the rat

1995 • 17 citations

Protection and reversal by memantine and atropine of carbofuran‐induced changes in biomarkers

1993 • 16 citations

Memantine reduces repetitive action potential firing in spinal cord nerve cell cultures

1990 • 16 citations

The influence of antiserotonergic agents on the action of dopaminergic drugs.

1977 • 16 citations

Evidence for native NMDA receptor subtype pharmacology as revealed by differential effects on the NMDA-evoked release of striatal neuromodulators: Eliprodil, ifenprodil and other native NMDA receptor subtype selective compounds

1996 • 15 citations

Discriminative stimulus effects of the NMDA receptor antagonists MK-801 and CGP 37849 in rats

1996 • 15 citations

The involvement of serotonin in the mechanism of central action of apomorphine.

1976 • 15 citations

Regionally different effects of scopolamine on NMDA antagonist-induced heat shock protein HSP70

1997 • 14 citations

In vivo studies on the effects of memantine on dopamine metabolism in the striatum and n. accumbens of the rat.

1995 • 14 citations

Amantadine and D-145, an amantadine derivative, do not effect dopamine sensitive adenylate cyclase from the caudate-putamen of the rat brain

1974 • 14 citations

Suppression by memantine and amantadine of synaptic excitation intrastriatally evoked in rat neostriatal slices

1994 • 14 citations

The effect of dimethylaminoadamantane on neuronal membranes

1976 • 13 citations

Effects of 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane hydrochloride (DMAA) on the stretch-induced reflex tension of flexor muscles and the excitability of the gamma-loop in decerebrate and spinal cats.

1977 • 13 citations

[Valve of symptomatic therapy with memantine in cerebral coma. I. Correlation with coma stages and EEG spectral patterns].

1982 • 12 citations

Practical Guidelines for the Drug Treatment of Parkinson??s Disease

1994 • 12 citations

Pharmacological activity of amantadine: effect of N-alkyl substitution

1986 • 12 citations

Excitatory amino acid antagonists and the anticonvulsive activity of conventional antiepileptic drugs.

1995 • 12 citations

Cirrhosis, Hyperammonemia, and Hepatic Encephalopathy

1993 • 12 citations

Modulation of NMDA effects on agonist‐stimulated phosphoinositide turnover by memantine in neonatal rat cerebral cortex

1995 • 12 citations

Pharmacological evidence for the involvement of GABA-ergic system in the locomotor stimulation produced in mice by 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane (D-145)

1978 • 11 citations

Subacute toxicity of aldicarb: Prevention and treatment with memantine and atropine

1991 • 11 citations

The influence of memantine on the anticonvulsant effects of the antiepileptic drugs.

1983 • 10 citations

[Effect of memantine on central neurotransmitter systems. Review of the results].

1982 • 10 citations

[Valve of symptomatic therapy with memantine in cerebral coma. II. Development of stretch synergisms in coma with brain stem symptoms].

1982 • 10 citations

Evidence for presynaptic antagonism by amantadine of indirectly acting central stimulants

1983 • 10 citations

Neuroprotection by memantine as increased by hypothermia and nimodipine

1997 • 10 citations

Dopamine agonists and interaction with other neurotransmitter systems

1977 • 9 citations

GABA-ergic drugs block the locomotor stimulant effects of 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane (D-145)

1979 • 9 citations

Modulation of glycine-activated membrane current by adamantane derivatives

1991 • 9 citations

Ethanol discrimination in the rat: lack of modulation by restraint stress and memantine

1999 • 8 citations

MK‐801 neurotoxicity in the guinea pig cerebral cortex: Susceptibility and regional differences compared with the rat

1997 • 8 citations

Effect of amantadine on chlorpromazine and reserpine-induced behavioral depression in the mouse

1988 • 8 citations

Interaction of prion protein mRNA with CBP35 and other cellular proteins Possible implications for prion replication and age-dependent changes

1997 • 8 citations

Activity of the nigro-striatal dopaminergic system during precipitated morphine withdrawal investigated in rats with acute unilateral inactivation of the striatum

1976 • 7 citations

Decrease of muscle rigidity by dimethylaminoadamantan (DMMA) in intercollicularly decerebrated cats.

1973 • 6 citations

Effect of 1-aminoadamantanes on adenine nucleotide and serotonin storage in blood platelets.

1981 • 5 citations

Locomotion and stereotyped behaviours induced by 1-amino-3,5-dimethyladamantane (D 145) and apomorphine in the rat: a comparison

1986 • 5 citations

Lack of Neuronal Vacuolation and Necrosis in Monkeys Treated with Selfotel (CGS 19755), A Competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate Receptor Antagonist

1997 • 5 citations

MK-801 and memantine inhibit a centrally induced increase in myocardial oxygen demand in rabbits

1996 • 5 citations

Central action of narcotic analgesics. VIII. The effect of dopaminergic stimulants on the action of analgesics in rats.

1981 • 5 citations

MEMANTINE EFFECTS ON SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURES AND SEIZURE-RELATED BRAIN DAMAGE

1997 • 5 citations

Interaction of Memantine with Cholecystokinin Receptors in Mouse Brain

1988 • 5 citations

Electromyographic measurement of the flexor reflex in cats for testing centrally acting muscle relaxant drugs

1988 • 4 citations

P79 dependence of the potency of bisquaternary allosteric modulators of M2-cholinoceptors on the length of the central alkyl chain

1994 • 4 citations

MK-801 neurotoxicity in the guinea pig cerebral cortex: Susceptibility and regional differences compared with the rat

1997 • 4 citations

The reduction of excitability of the ?-loop by 1,3-dimethyl-5-aminoadamantane (DMAA)

1974 • 4 citations

The depression of monosynaptically excited ?-motoneurons during vibration reflex by dimethylaminoadamantan (DMAA)

1973 • 4 citations

The effect of apomorphine, amantadine and dimethylaminoadamantane on the level of cyclic AMP in the rat striatum.

1977 • 4 citations

The effect of drugs stimulating central dopaminergic system on transformation of exogenous adenine into c-AMP.

1978 • 4 citations

Induction of the Platelet Release Reaction by 1.3-Dimethyl-5-Aminoadamantane, a New Adamantane Derivative

1977 • 3 citations

Interaction of bradykinin with dopaminergic receptors in the CNS.

1977 • 3 citations

Potentiation of the locomotor activity of memantine by aminophylline.

1986 • 3 citations

Aminooxy-analogues of spermidine: new partial agonists and antagonists at the polyamine site of the rat hippocampal NMDA receptor complex

1996 • 3 citations

Influence of dopamine-like compounds on stereotypy and locomotor activity in atropinized rats.

1975 • 2 citations

5-hydroxytryptamine and adenine uptake by human blood platelets following the release reaction

1981 • 2 citations

Histofluorescence studies on the effect of 1,3-dimethyl-5-adamantanamine (D-145) on serotonin neurons in midbrain raphe nuclei.

1976 • 1 citations

P69 effects of chronic treatment with memantine on NMDA receptors assessed with autoradiography

1994 • 1 citations

DISTURBED GLUTAMATERGIC TRANSMISSION IN DEMENTIA

1992 • 1 citations

Regulation of insulin release by amino acids

1991 • 1 citations