Immune cell migration as a means to control immune privilege: lessons from the CNS and tumors

The Hallmarks of Cancer

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Inflammation and cancer

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Two-Photon Laser Scanning Fluorescence Microscopy

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Traffic signals for lymphocyte recirculation and leukocyte emigration: The multistep paradigm

1994 • 7,068 citations

Two subsets of memory T lymphocytes with distinct homing potentials and effector functions

1999 • 5,659 citations

Resting Microglial Cells Are Highly Dynamic Surveillants of Brain Parenchyma in Vivo

2005 • 5,087 citations

Specific recruitment of regulatory T cells in ovarian carcinoma fosters immune privilege and predicts reduced survival

2004 • 4,872 citations

Microglia: a sensor for pathological events in the CNS

1996 • 4,309 citations

ATP mediates rapid microglial response to local brain injury in vivo

2005 • 3,543 citations

Intratumoral T Cells, Recurrence, and Survival in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

2003 • 3,194 citations

A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Natalizumab for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

2006 • 3,172 citations

Lymphocyte Homing and Homeostasis

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Molecular regulation of vessel maturation

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The Many Roles of Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors in Inflammation

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The microenvironment of the tumour–host interface

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Regulatory T cells, tumour immunity and immunotherapy

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Prevention of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by antibodies against α4βl integrin

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T-cell priming by dendritic cells in lymph nodes occurs in three distinct phases

2004 • 1,657 citations

Prevalence of Regulatory T Cells Is Increased in Peripheral Blood and Tumor Microenvironment of Patients with Pancreas or Breast Adenocarcinoma

2002 • 1,454 citations

T-Cell Function and Migration — Two Sides of the Same Coin

2000 • 1,437 citations

Natalizumab plus Interferon Beta-1a for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

2006 • 1,289 citations

Immune cell migration in inflammation: present and future therapeutic targets

2005 • 1,262 citations

Immune function of microglia

2001 • 1,245 citations

A Controlled Trial of Natalizumab for Relapsing Multiple Sclerosis

2003 • 1,228 citations

Two-Photon Imaging of Lymphocyte Motility and Antigen Response in Intact Lymph Node

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T‐lymphocyte entry into the central nervous system

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Regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells in tumors from patients with early-stage non-small cell lung cancer and late-stage ovarian cancer.

2001 • 1,126 citations

Tumor rejection by in vivo administration of anti-CD25 (interleukin-2 receptor alpha) monoclonal antibody.

1999 • 1,066 citations

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy after Natalizumab Therapy for Crohn's Disease

2005 • 1,062 citations

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy Complicating Treatment with Natalizumab and Interferon Beta-1a for Multiple Sclerosis

2005 • 1,060 citations

Selective imprinting of gut-homing T cells by Peyer's patch dendritic cells

2003 • 1,058 citations

Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy in a Patient Treated with Natalizumab

2005 • 1,033 citations

Three or more routes for leukocyte migration into the central nervous system

2003 • 1,005 citations

Expression of specific chemokines and chemokine receptors in the central nervous system of multiple sclerosis patients

1999 • 999 citations

THE CELL BIOLOGY OF THE BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

1999 • 988 citations

FOXP3: Of Mice and Men

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Microglia as neuroprotective, immunocompetent cells of the CNS

2002 • 909 citations

Surface expression of alpha 4 integrin by CD4 T cells is required for their entry into brain parenchyma.

1993 • 837 citations

Dendritic cells permit immune invasion of the CNS in an animal model of multiple sclerosis

2005 • 831 citations

Control of TH2 polarization by the chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1

2000 • 820 citations

Immunologically Privileged Sites

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Leukocyte–endothelial-cell interactions in leukocyte transmigration and the inflammatory response

2003 • 798 citations

Evaluation of Patients Treated with Natalizumab for Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

2006 • 794 citations

Visualizing dendritic cell networks in vivo

2004 • 790 citations

Cellular abnormalities of blood vessels as targets in cancer

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Ocular immune privilege: therapeutic opportunities from an experiment of nature

2003 • 744 citations

Immune surveillance in the skin: mechanisms and clinical consequences

2004 • 736 citations

Cytokines in inflammatory brain lesions: helpful and harmful

1996 • 727 citations

Cutting Edge: Regulatory T Cells from Lung Cancer Patients Directly Inhibit Autologous T Cell Proliferation

2002 • 713 citations

Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis repressed by microglial paralysis

2005 • 711 citations

The role of microglia and macrophages in the pathophysiology of the CNS

1999 • 677 citations

Epitope spreading initiates in the CNS in two mouse models of multiple sclerosis

2005 • 666 citations

Adoptive-cell-transfer therapy for the treatment of patients with cancer

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The ins and outs of T-lymphocyte trafficking to the CNS: anatomical sites and molecular mechanisms

2005 • 639 citations

Lymphoid cells recognize an alternatively spliced segment of fibronectin via the integrin receptor α4β1

1990 • 616 citations

Cancer Immunotherapy: A Treatment for the Masses

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Dynamics of CD8+ T cell priming by dendritic cells in intact lymph nodes

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Requirement for CD44 in Activated T Cell Extravasation into an Inflammatory Site

1997 • 560 citations

Tumor-Specific Human CD4+ Regulatory T Cells and Their Ligands

2004 • 525 citations

Migratory Properties of Naive, Effector, and Memory Cd8+ T Cells

2001 • 514 citations

Human cerebrospinal fluid central memory CD4⁺T cells: Evidence for trafficking through choroid plexus and meninges via P-selectin

2003 • 508 citations

Dystroglycan is selectively cleaved at the parenchymal basement membrane at sites of leukocyte extravasation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2006 • 502 citations

Prognostic significance of activated CD8(+) T cell infiltrations within esophageal carcinomas.

2001 • 496 citations

Astrocyte expression of mRNA encoding cytokines IP‐10 and JE/MCP‐1 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

1993 • 496 citations

Rapid Acquisition of Tissue-specific Homing Phenotypes by CD4+ T Cells Activated in Cutaneous or Mucosal Lymphoid Tissues

2002 • 490 citations

Chemokine receptors in the central nervous system: role in brain inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases

2004 • 487 citations

Endothelial Cell Laminin Isoforms, Laminins 8 and 10, Play Decisive Roles in T Cell Recruitment across the Blood–Brain Barrier in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2001 • 487 citations

Two-photon tissue imaging: seeing the immune system in a fresh light

2002 • 482 citations

Basic principles of immunological surveillance of the normal central nervous system

2001 • 480 citations

T cell repertoire scanning is promoted by dynamic dendritic cell behavior and random T cell motility in the lymph node

2004 • 427 citations

Intratumor depletion of CD4+ cells unmasks tumor immunogenicity leading to the rejection of late-stage tumors

2005 • 423 citations

Brain Dendritic Cells and Macrophages/Microglia in Central Nervous System Inflammation

2001 • 410 citations

Neuronal CXCL10 Directs CD8⁺T-Cell Recruitment and Control of West Nile Virus Encephalitis

2005 • 405 citations

Bone Marrow-derived Elements in the Central Nervous System: An Immunohistochemical and Ultrastructural Survey of Rat Chimeras

1992 • 395 citations

Nervous tissue as an immune compartment: the dialect of the immune response in the CNS

1994 • 366 citations

Multiphoton microscopy in biological research

2001 • 366 citations

Chemokine expression in murine experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1995 • 363 citations

Brain-immune connection: Immuno-regulatory properties of CNS-resident cells

2000 • 349 citations

Leukocyte traffic in the central nervous system: the participants and their roles

1999 • 348 citations

Immune Invasion of the Central Nervous System Parenchyma and Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis, But Not Leukocyte Extravasation from Blood, Are Prevented in Macrophage-Depleted Mice

1998 • 344 citations

Molecular mechanisms involved in T cell migration across the blood–brain barrier

2006 • 333 citations

α4-integrin-VCAM-1 binding mediates G protein–independent capture of encephalitogenic T cell blasts to CNS white matter microvessels

2001 • 330 citations

T lymphocytes interact with hepatocytes through fenestrations in murine liver sinusoidal endothelial cells

2006 • 324 citations

Distribution and phenotype of dendritic cells and resident tissue macrophages in the dura mater, leptomeninges, and choroid plexus of the rat brain as demonstrated in wholemount preparations

1999 • 313 citations

T-cell homing specificity and plasticity: new concepts and future challenges

2006 • 298 citations

Depletion of CD25+ regulatory cells uncovers immune responses to shared murine tumor rejection antigens

2002 • 289 citations

Intravital Microscopy

2004 • 289 citations

Antibodies to CD44 and integrin α₄, but not L-selectin, prevent central nervous system inflammation and experimental encephalomyelitis by blocking secondary leukocyte recruitment

1999 • 287 citations

Anti-α4 integrin therapy for multiple sclerosis

2005 • 287 citations

The expression and function of chemokines involved in CNS inflammation

2005 • 282 citations

Tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes: friends or foes?

2006 • 282 citations

Tumor angiogenesis is accompanied by a decreased inflammatory response of tumor-associated endothelium

1996 • 281 citations

The role of Fas ligand in immune privilege

2001 • 276 citations

Multiple Sclerosis Is an Inflammatory T-Cell–Mediated Autoimmune Disease

2004 • 274 citations

The Blood-Brain Barrier and Its Role in Immune Privilege in the Central Nervous System

2003 • 269 citations

Endothelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression is suppressed in human malignancies: the role of angiogenic factors.

1996 • 268 citations

Tumor angiogenesis modulates leukocyte-vessel wall interactions in vivo by reducing endothelial adhesion molecule expression.

2003 • 267 citations

The liberation of CD44

2003 • 267 citations

Fas ligand/Fas system in the brain: regulator of immune and apoptotic responses

2004 • 261 citations

Specialized Contributions by α(1,3)-Fucosyltransferase-IV and FucT-VII during Leukocyte Rolling in Dermal Microvessels

2000 • 261 citations

Virtues and pitfalls of EAE for the development of therapies for multiple sclerosis

2005 • 259 citations

Multiple sclerosis

2005 • 254 citations

Molecular Mechanisms Involved in Lymphocyte Recruitment in Inflamed Brain Microvessels: Critical Roles for P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand-1 and Heterotrimeric Gi-Linked Receptors

2002 • 245 citations

Live imaging of effector cell trafficking and autoantigen recognition within the unfolding autoimmune encephalomyelitis lesion

2005 • 241 citations

Cutting Edge: The T Cell Chemoattractant IFN-Inducible Protein 10 Is Essential in Host Defense Against Viral-Induced Neurologic Disease

2000 • 241 citations

Central nervous system perivascular cells are immunoregulatory cells that connect the CNS with the peripheral immune system

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The potential role of dendritic cells in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in the central nervous system

1996 • 235 citations

A Role for Platelets and Endothelial Selectins in Tumor Necrosis Factor-α–Induced Leukocyte Recruitment in the Brain Microvasculature

2000 • 231 citations

Involvement of the choroid plexus in central nervous system inflammation

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Initiation of Immune Responses in Brain Is Promoted by Local Dendritic Cells

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Like cops on the beat: the active role of resting microglia

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Differential adhesion molecule requirements for immune surveillance and inflammatory recruitment

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Osteopontin is a ligand for the α4β1 integrin

1998 • 214 citations

Depletion of CD25+ regulatory cells results in suppression of melanoma growth and induction of autoreactivity in mice.

2002 • 214 citations

Overlapping Roles of P-Selectin and α4 Integrin to Recruit Leukocytes to the Central Nervous System in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2002 • 209 citations

Immune surveillance of mouse brain perivascular spaces by blood‐borne macrophages

2001 • 207 citations

A monoclonal antibody to α4 integrin suppresses and reverses active experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1995 • 206 citations

Functional expression of the lymphoid chemokines CCL19 (ELC) and CCL 21 (SLC) at the blood-brain barrier suggests their involvement in G-protein-dependent lymphocyte recruitment into the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2002 • 204 citations

The development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the mouse requires alpha4-integrin but not alpha4beta7-integrin.

1998 • 204 citations

CD4+/CD25+ Regulatory Cells Inhibit Activation of Tumor-Primed CD4+ T Cells with IFN-γ-Dependent Antiangiogenic Activity, as well as Long-Lasting Tumor Immunity Elicited by Peptide Vaccination

2003 • 192 citations

Naive T Cell Recruitment to Nonlymphoid Tissues: A Role for Endothelium-Expressed CC Chemokine Ligand 21 in Autoimmune Disease and Lymphoid Neogenesis

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Endothelial vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 expression is suppressed by melanoma and carcinoma.

1995 • 189 citations

Inhibition of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by an antibody to the intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM‐1

1993 • 186 citations

Astrocyte-Derived Monocyte-Chemoattractant Protein-1 Directs the Transmigration of Leukocytes Across a Model of the Human Blood-Brain Barrier

1998 • 182 citations

Homing to suppress: address codes for Treg migration

2005 • 180 citations

T cell interaction with ICAM-1-deficient endotheliumin vitro: essential role for ICAM-1 and ICAM-2 in transendothelial migration of T cells

1998 • 174 citations

Phenotypic and functional analysis of T cells homing into the CSF of subjects with inflammatory diseases of the CNS

2003 • 173 citations

E- and P-Selectin Are Not Involved in the Recruitment of Inflammatory Cells Across the Blood-Brain Barrier in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

1997 • 171 citations

CD8+ T cells from patients with acute multiple sclerosis display selective increase of adhesiveness in brain venules: a critical role for P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1

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Diminished leukocyte-endothelium interaction in tumor microvessels.

1992 • 162 citations

In Situ Tolerance within the Central Nervous System as a Mechanism for Preventing Autoimmunity

2000 • 161 citations

Astrocytes Produce Dendritic Cell-Attracting Chemokines In Vitro and in Multiple Sclerosis Lesions

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How to drain without lymphatics? Dendritic cells migrate from the cerebrospinal fluid to the B-cell follicles of cervical lymph nodes

2005 • 154 citations

Macrophages and dendritic cells in the rat meninges and choroid plexus: three-dimensional localisation by environmental scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy

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Resident and Infiltrating Central Nervous System APCs Regulate the Emergence and Resolution of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

2001 • 145 citations

Meningeal and Perivascular Macrophages of the Central Nervous System Play a Protective Role During Bacterial Meningitis

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Interaction of α4-integrin with VCAM-1 is involved in adhesion of encephalitogenic T cell blasts to brain endothelium but not in their transendothelial migration in vitro

2000 • 143 citations

Intravital MicroscopyVisualizing Immunity in Context

2004 • 141 citations

Innate (inherent) control of brain infection, brain inflammation and brain repair: the role of microglia, astrocytes, “protective” glial stem cells and stromal ependymal cells

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Cytokine-regulated adhesion between encephalitogenic T lymphocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells

1993 • 131 citations

CCL2 and CCL5 mediate leukocyte adhesion in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis—an intravital microscopy study

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Regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 gene expression by tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interferon-γ in astrocytes

1994 • 129 citations

Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced leukocyte adhesion in normal and tumor vessels: effect of tumor type, transplantation site, and host strain.

1995 • 127 citations

The blood‐brain barrier: Morphology, molecules, and neurothelin

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Microglia and the early phase of immune surveillance in the axotomized facial motor nucleus: impaired microglial activation and lymphocyte recruitment but no effect on neuronal survival or axonal regeneration in macrophage-colony stimulating factor-deficient mice.

2001 • 118 citations

Infiltration of tumors by systemically transferred tumor-reactive T lymphocytes is required for antitumor efficacy.

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Aberrant vascular architecture in tumors and its importance in drug-based therapies

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Expression of the β-Chemokines RANTES and MIP-1β by Human Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells in Primary Culture

2000 • 106 citations

Microglia and the early phase of immune surveillance in the axotomized facial motor nucleus: Impaired microglial activation and lymphocyte recruitment but no effect on neuronal survival or axonal regeneration in macrophage‐colony stimulating factor‐deficient mice

2001 • 104 citations

Anti-adhesion molecule therapy in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Balancing function vs. self defense: The CNS as an active regulator of immune responses

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Dynamic Behavior of T Cells and Thymocytes in Lymphoid Organs as Revealed by Two-Photon Microscopy

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Current concepts of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in human malignancies

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VLA-4 integrin mediates lymphocyte migration on the inducible endothelial cell ligand VCAM-1 and the extracellular matrix ligand fibronectin.

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JC Virus Infection of Lymphocytes—Revisited

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Chemokines: Control of Primary and Memory T-Cell Traffic

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The Beta Chemokines CCL4 and CCL5 Enhance Adhesion of Specific CD4+ T Cell Subsets to Human Brain Endothelial Cells

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Expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, L-selectin, and leukosialin in the mouse central nervous system during the induction and remission stages of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1994 • 83 citations

Cytokine regulation of MCP-1 expression in brain and retinal microvascular endothelial cells

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Chemokine regulation of naı̈ve T cell traffic in health and disease

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Encephalitogenic T?cells use LFA-1 for transendothelial migration but not during capture and initial adhesion strengthening in healthy spinal cord microvesselsin vivo

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ICAM-1-dependent pathway is not critically involved in the inflammatory process of autoimmune encephalomyelitis or in cytokine-induced inflammation of the central nervous system

1993 • 75 citations

Augmentation of adoptively transferred experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by administration of a monoclonal antibody specific for LFA-1α

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P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1 Is Not Required for the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in SJL and C57BL/6 Mice

2005 • 72 citations

Tumor angiogenesis factors reduce leukocyte adhesion in vivo

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An extended vision for dynamic high-resolution intravital immune imaging

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Complete regression of experimental solid tumors by combination LEC/chTNT-3 immunotherapy and CD25(+) T-cell depletion.

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Leukocyte adhesion in angiogenic blood vessels. Role of E-selectin, P-selectin, and beta2 integrin in lymphotoxin-mediated leukocyte recruitment in tumor microvessels.

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Efficient Recruitment of Lymphocytes in Inflamed Brain Venules Requires Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte Antigen and Fucosyltransferase-VII

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Therapeutic anti‐integrin (α4 and αL) monoclonal antibodies: two‐edged swords?

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Suppression of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by extracellular adherence protein of Staphylococcus aureus

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PSGL-1 is not required for development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

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Tumor microvasculature as a barrier to antitumor immunity

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Multiple sclerosis – novel insights and new therapeutic strategies

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Endothelial P-selectin expression is reduced in advanced primary melanoma and melanoma metastasis.

1998 • 38 citations

Migration Rules: Functional Properties of Naive and Effector/Memory-Like Regulatory T Cell Subsets

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Induction of β-chemokine secretion by human brain microvessel endothelial cells via CD40/CD40L interactions

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Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis in Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1-Deficient Mice

1998 • 36 citations

Leukocyte recruitment in colon cancer: Role of cell adhesion molecules, nitric oxide, and transforming growth factor β1

2002 • 35 citations

Initiation and regulation of CNS autoimmunity.

1997 • 35 citations

Essential role of VLA-4/VCAM-1 pathway in the establishment of CD8+ T-cell-mediated Trypanosoma cruzi-elicited meningoencephalitis

2003 • 34 citations

Donor Cell Cycling, Trafficking, and Accumulation during Adoptive Immunotherapy for Murine Lung Metastases

2004 • 29 citations

A role for α4-integrin in the pathology following Semliki Forest virus infection

2000 • 28 citations

IMAGING OCULAR IMMUNE RESPONSES BY INTRAVITAL MICROSCOPY

2002 • 18 citations

Visualizing T Cell Migration in vivo

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In vivo treatment with anti-α4 integrin suppresses clinical and pathological evidence of Borna disease virus infection

1998 • 16 citations