Role of inflammatory mediators in the pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome

The American-European Consensus Conference on ARDS. Definitions, mechanisms, relevant outcomes, and clinical trial coordination.

1994 • 6,682 citations

ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS IN ADULTS

1967 • 4,096 citations

Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-β1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease

1992 • 2,969 citations

IL-10 inhibits cytokine production by activated macrophages.

1991 • 2,919 citations

The immunopathogenesis of sepsis

2002 • 2,686 citations

Treatment of Gram-Negative Bacteremia and Septic Shock with HA-1A Human Monoclonal Antibody against Endotoxin

1991 • 1,611 citations

Interleukin 1 induces a shock-like state in rabbits. Synergism with tumor necrosis factor and the effect of cyclooxygenase inhibition.

1988 • 990 citations

Effect of Prolonged Methylprednisolone Therapy in Unresolving Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1998 • 949 citations

Interleukin‐6 is the major regulator of acute phase protein synthesis in adult human hepatocytes

1989 • 856 citations

Epidemiology of sepsis: An update

2001 • 823 citations

Confirmatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist trial in severe sepsis

1997 • 822 citations

Interleukin 10 protects mice from lethal endotoxemia.

1993 • 807 citations

Oxidant stress and endothelial cell dysfunction

2001 • 802 citations

The Effects of Ibuprofen on the Physiology and Survival of Patients with Sepsis

1997 • 797 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 is present at sites of extracellular matrix gene expression in human pulmonary fibrosis.

1991 • 794 citations

Effects of inhaled nitric oxide in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

1998 • 754 citations

Chemokine receptors: multifaceted therapeutic targets

2002 • 738 citations

Loss of HIF-2α and inhibition of VEGF impair fetal lung maturation, whereas treatment with VEGF prevents fatal respiratory distress in premature mice

2002 • 726 citations

Inflammatory Cytokines in the BAL of Patients With ARDS

1995 • 667 citations

Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates

2000 • 616 citations

Quantitation of nitrotyrosine levels in lung sections of patients and animals with acute lung injury.

1994 • 599 citations

Aerosolized Surfactant in Adults with Sepsis-Induced Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1996 • 578 citations

Lung Structure and Function in Different Stages of Severe Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1994 • 570 citations

Regulation of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (CD54) gene expression

1999 • 549 citations

Cytokine Balance in the Lungs of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2001 • 541 citations

The epidemiology of the systemic inflammatory response

2000 • 529 citations

Evolving Concepts in the Pathogenesis of Postinjury Multiple Organ Failure

1995 • 525 citations

Inflammatory cytokines in patients with persistence of the acute respiratory distress syndrome.

1996 • 517 citations

Ineffectiveness of High-dose Methylprednisolone in Preventing Parenchymal Lung Injury and Improving Mortality in Patients with Septic Shock

1988 • 511 citations

Inflammatory mediators in acute pancreatitis

2000 • 507 citations

Exogenous administration of heme oxygenase-1 by gene transfer provides protection against hyperoxia-induced lung injury

1999 • 493 citations

TGF-β is a critical mediator of acute lung injury

2001 • 476 citations

Treatment of Septic Shock with Human Monoclonal Antibody HA-1A

1994 • 474 citations

Six at Six: Interleukin-6 Measured 6 H After the Initiation of Sepsis Predicts Mortality Over 3 Days

2002 • 443 citations

C5A Anaphylatoxin and Its Seven Transmembrane-Segment Receptor

1994 • 418 citations

Induction of rat acute‐phase proteins by interleukin 6 in vivo

1988 • 412 citations

A Trial of Antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and Procysteine in ARDS

1997 • 409 citations

Protective effects of C5a blockade in sepsis

1999 • 403 citations

Effect of antibody to transforming growth factor beta on bleomycin induced accumulation of lung collagen in mice.

1993 • 402 citations

Neutrophils as early immunologic effectors in hemorrhage- or endotoxemia-induced acute lung injury

2000 • 401 citations

Transient gene transfer and expression of Smad7 prevents bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in mice

1999 • 400 citations

Assessment of the safety and efficacy of the monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody-fragment, MAK 195F, in patients with sepsis and septic shock

1996 • 368 citations

The potential role of procalcitonin and interleukin 8 in the prediction of infected necrosis in acute pancreatitis

1997 • 368 citations

Biological properties of interleukin 10

1992 • 359 citations

Critical role for CXCR2 and CXCR2 ligands during the pathogenesis of ventilator-induced lung injury

2002 • 352 citations

Elevation of serum interleukin-6 concentration precedes acute-phase response and reflects severity in acute pancreatitis

1991 • 350 citations

Regulation of neutrophil-derived chemokine expression by IL-10.

1994 • 347 citations

The C5a chemoattractant receptor mediates mucosal defence to infection

1996 • 345 citations

Plasma concentrations of cytokines, their soluble receptors, and antioxidant vitamins can predict the development of multiple organ failure in patients at risk

1996 • 342 citations

Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled study of a platelet activating factor antagonist, lexipafant, in the treatment and prevention of organ failure in predicted severe acute

2001 • 336 citations

GM-CSF Regulates Pulmonary Surfactant Homeostasis and Alveolar Macrophage-Mediated Innate Host Defense

2002 • 334 citations

Neurogenic Amplification of Immune Complex Inflammation

1996 • 334 citations

Pathogenesis of fibrosis: role of TGF-β and CTGF

2002 • 331 citations

Protective Effects of IL-6 Blockade in Sepsis Are Linked to Reduced C5a Receptor Expression

2003 • 320 citations

Interleukin-8 in sepsis: relation to shock and inflammatory mediators

1992 • 313 citations

Effect of N-acetylcysteine on the pulmonary response to endotoxin in the awake sheep and upon in vitro granulocyte function.

1984 • 310 citations

Keratinocyte and hepatocyte growth factors in the lung: roles in lung development, inflammation, and repair

2002 • 304 citations

Role of substance P and the neurokinin 1 receptor in acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury

1998 • 296 citations

Lenercept (p55 tumor necrosis factor receptor fusion protein) in severe sepsis and early septic shock: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter phase III trial with 1,342 patients

2001 • 289 citations

Impaired Anaphylactic Responses with Intact Sensitivity to Endotoxin in Mice Lacking a Platelet-activating Factor Receptor

1998 • 279 citations

Inhaled Nitric Oxide in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1998 • 275 citations

Albumin and furosemide therapy in hypoproteinemic patients with acute lung injury*

2002 • 266 citations

The role of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 and neutrophils in acute pancreatitis and pancreatitis-associated lung injury

1999 • 263 citations

Nitric Oxide and Nitrotyrosine in the Lungs of Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2001 • 262 citations

Direct observation of substance P-induced internalization of neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors at sites of inflammation.

1994 • 257 citations

Antioxidant status in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

1999 • 257 citations

Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody fragment afelimomab in hyperinflammatory response during severe sepsis: The RAMSES Study

2001 • 251 citations

Targeted disruption of the beta-chemokine receptor CCR1 protects against pancreatitis-associated lung injury.

1997 • 218 citations

Acute Pancreatitis Induces Intrapancreatic Tumor Necrosis Factor Gene Expression

1995 • 216 citations

Role of C5a in Multiorgan Failure During Sepsis

2001 • 216 citations

Redox imbalance in the critically ill

1999 • 210 citations

Proteases and lung injury

2003 • 200 citations

A Randomized Phase II Trial of Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Therapy in Severe Sepsis with Respiratory Dysfunction

2002 • 192 citations

Up-Regulation of CCR1 and CCR3 and Induction of Chemotaxis to CC Chemokines by IFN-γ in Human Neutrophils

1999 • 184 citations

Prostacyclin for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension in the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1990 • 178 citations

Novel mechanistic concepts for the control of leukocyte transmigration: specialization of integrins, chemokines, and junctional molecules

2003 • 176 citations

Interleukin-10 prevents death in lethal necrotizing pancreatitis in mice

1996 • 171 citations

Anaphylatoxins and infectious and non-infectious inflammatory diseases

2001 • 171 citations

A Role for Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Acute and Resolving Lung Injury

2002 • 168 citations

Protection of innate immunity by C5aR antagonist in septic mice

2002 • 166 citations

Diesel Exhaust Particles Enhance Lung Injury Related to Bacterial Endotoxin through Expression of Proinflammatory Cytokines, Chemokines, and Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1

2002 • 165 citations

Increased Levels of Nitrate and Surfactant Protein A Nitration in the Pulmonary Edema Fluid of Patients with Acute Lung Injury

2001 • 165 citations

Permeability-related changes revealed at endothelial cell borders in inflamed venules by lectin binding

1996 • 159 citations

Treatment with neutralising antibody against cytokine induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC) protects rats against acute pancreatitis associated lung injury

2000 • 155 citations

Hydrogen peroxide in expired breath condensate of patients with acute respiratory failure and with ARDS

1993 • 150 citations

Increased C5a receptor expression in sepsis

2002 • 149 citations

Liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in acute respiratory distress syndrome

1999 • 148 citations

Effects of IL-10 on systemic inflammatory responses during sublethal primate endotoxemia.

1997 • 145 citations

Relative production of tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 10 in adult respiratory distress syndrome

1997 • 140 citations

Stimulation of inflammatory markers after blunt trauma

1998 • 128 citations

Interleukin‐10 differentially regulates cytokine inhibitor and chemokine release from blood mononuclear cells and fibroblasts

1995 • 124 citations

Novel Therapeutic Targets for Acute Pancreatitis and Associated Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

2002 • 124 citations

Platelet-activating factor mediates acid-induced lung injury in genetically engineered mice

1999 • 123 citations

Inflammatory mediators as therapeutic targets in acute pancreatitis.

2001 • 121 citations

Effect of recombinant platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase on two models of experimental acute pancreatitis

1998 • 119 citations

Bronchopulmonary Segmental Lavage with Surfaxin (KL₄-Surfactant) for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1999 • 114 citations

Peroxynitrite inhibition of oxygen consumption and sodium transport in alveolar type II cells

1994 • 111 citations

The effects of neutrophil depletion on a completely noninvasive model of acute pancreatitis-associated lung injury

1998 • 111 citations

Peroxynitrite causes energy depletion and increases permeability via activation of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase in pulmonary epithelial cells.

1997 • 105 citations

Cutaneous Injection of Human Subjects with Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1α Induces Significant Recruitment of Neutrophils and Monocytes

2000 • 101 citations

Increased Expression of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor A and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I in BAL Cells During the Development of Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Mice

1996 • 97 citations

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Physiology and New Management Strategies

2001 • 94 citations

Strategies for chemokine antagonists as therapeutics

2002 • 94 citations

Protection of rabbit lungs from endotoxin injury by in vivo hyperexpression of the prostaglandin G/H synthase gene.

1994 • 90 citations

Preprotachykinin-A gene deletion protects mice against acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury

2003 • 87 citations

Immunoreactive Interleukin-1 in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid of High-Risk Patients and Patients with the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1989 • 86 citations

Selective inhibition of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase prevents pulmonary transvascular flux during acute endotoxemia

1996 • 86 citations

Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor Up-Regulates CCR1 in Human Neutrophils

2001 • 82 citations

Amelioration of experimental acute pancreatitis with a potent platelet-activating factor antagonist

1994 • 82 citations

Complement-specific antibodies: Designing novel anti-inflammatories

1995 • 81 citations

Increased neutrophil migratory activity after major trauma: A factor in the etiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome?

2002 • 81 citations

A multi-centre, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome

2001 • 80 citations

Localization of Insulin-like Growth Factor-I in Lung Tissues of Patients with Fibroproliferative Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2002 • 77 citations

KGF prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced increases in airway epithelial cell permeability

1997 • 77 citations

Urine Hydrogen Peroxide During Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome in Patients With and Without Sepsis

1994 • 76 citations

Reactive Nitrogen Species Inhibit Alveolar Epithelial Fluid Transport After Hemorrhagic Shock in Rats

2001 • 75 citations

Keratinocyte Growth Factor Prevents Ventilator-induced Lung Injury in anEx Vivo Rat Model

2000 • 73 citations

Heterogeneous expression of cell adhesion molecules by endothelial cells in ARDS

2002 • 68 citations

Effects of tachykinin NK1 or PAF receptor blockade on the lung injury induced by scorpion venom in rats

1999 • 67 citations

Pharmacology of Acute Lung Injury

2002 • 67 citations

Complement factor C5a exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in acute pancreatitis and associated lung injury

2001 • 66 citations

Entry of gut lymph into the circulation primes rat neutrophil respiratory burst in hemorrhagic shock

2001 • 65 citations

Role of complement in in vitro and in vivo lung inflammatory reactions

1998 • 64 citations

Inhibition of β-adrenergic-dependent alveolar epithelial clearance by oxidant mechanisms after hemorrhagic shock

1999 • 64 citations

Oxidatively modified proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with ARDS and patients at‐risk for ARDS

1999 • 63 citations

Expression of the Chemokines MCP-1/JE and Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Chemoattractant in Early Acute Pancreatitis

2002 • 60 citations

Granulocyte‐Macrophage Colony‐Stimulating Factor Induces Activation and Restores Respiratory Burst Activity in Monocytes from Septic Patients

1998 • 60 citations

Effect of Catalase on Endotoxin-induced Acute Lung Injury in Unanesthetized Sheep

1988 • 58 citations

Effect of interleukin-10 (IL-10) on experimental LPS-induced acute lung injury

2000 • 58 citations

DECREASED ORGAN FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE SIRS AND SEPTIC SHOCK TREATED WITH THE PLATELET-ACTIVATING FACTOR ANTAGONIST TCV-309: A PROSPECTIVE, MULTICENTER, DOUBLE-BLIND, RANDOMIZED PHASE II TRIAL

2000 • 57 citations

Deficient transforming growth factor β and interleukin-10 responses contribute to the septic death of burned patients

2002 • 57 citations

Keratinocyte growth factor reduces alveolar epithelial susceptibility to in vitro mechanical deformation

2001 • 55 citations

A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study of an Infusion of Lexipafant (Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Antagonist) in Patients with Severe Sepsis

2000 • 53 citations

A mouse model of lung injury induced by microbial products: implication of tumor necrosis factor.

1994 • 52 citations

Catalase prevents prostanoid release and lung lipid peroxidation after endotoxemia in sheep

1988 • 51 citations

Anti-transforming growth factor-beta monoclonal antibodies prevent lung injury in hemorrhaged mice.

1994 • 50 citations

The cooperative effects of TNF-α and IFN-γ are determining factors in the ability of IL-10 to protect mice from lethal endotoxemia

1994 • 48 citations

An Increase in the Susceptibility of Burned Patients to Infectious Complications Due to Impaired Production of Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1α

2002 • 48 citations

Roles of ICAM-1 for Abnormal Leukocyte Recruitment in the Microcirculation of Bleomycin-induced Fibrotic Lung Injury

2000 • 47 citations

Treatment with Met-RANTES reduces lung injury in caerulein-induced pancreatitis

2003 • 47 citations

Interleukin 10 Inhibits Alveolar Macrophage Production of Inflammatory Mediators Involved in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1998 • 45 citations

Post-insult treatment with interleukin-1 receptor antagonist decreases oxidative lung injury in rats given intratracheal interleukin-1.

1994 • 45 citations

Pulmonary Expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Sepsis

2003 • 44 citations

N-acetylcysteine administration in the critically ill

1999 • 43 citations

Disturbance of leucocyte circulation and adhesion to the endothelium as factors in circulatory pathology

1996 • 40 citations

Therapeutic Use of Antithrombin Concentrate in Sepsis

1998 • 39 citations

Impact of Immunomodulating Therapy on Morbidity in Patients with Severe Sepsis

1999 • 36 citations

Effect of Sodium Nitroprusside on Cardiovascular Function and Pulmonary Shunt in Canine Oleic Acid Pulmonary Edema

1981 • 35 citations

Mediators of microvascular injury in dermal burn wounds.

1998 • 35 citations

4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal Levels Increase in the Plasma of Patients with Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome as Linoleic Acid Appears to Fall

1994 • 33 citations

Serum lipofuscin as a prognostic indicator of adult respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure

1994 • 33 citations

Levels of the chemokines growth-related oncogene α and epithelial neutrophil-activating protein 78 are raised in patients with severe acute pancreatitis

2002 • 33 citations

Development, implementation, and evaluation of a ketoconazole practice guideline for ARDS prophylaxis

1999 • 32 citations

The effects of post-treatment with lisofylline, a phosphatidic acid generation inhibitor, on sepsis-induced acute lung injury in pigs.

1997 • 32 citations

Neuropeptides in pulmonary edema fluid of adult respiratory distress syndrome

1992 • 31 citations

Reactive oxygen species in acute respiratory distress syndrome

2001 • 31 citations

Ventilator-associated systemic inflammation in acute lung injury

2000 • 29 citations

Lexipafant Fails to Improve Survival in Severe Necrotizing Pancreatitis in Rats

1998 • 29 citations

Effects of recombinant human superoxide dismutase on tumor necrosis factor-induced lung injury in awake sheep

1993 • 26 citations

Low plasma granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor is an indicator of poor prognosis in sepsis

2002 • 22 citations

Gene therapy for acute lung injury

2000 • 17 citations

Hydralazine does not inhibit canine hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction.

1983 • 12 citations

Aerosolized prostacyclin in acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by Chlamydiaceae spp. pneumonia

2001 • 4 citations