All along the watchtower: on the regulation of apoptosis regulators

Mitochondria and Apoptosis

1998 • 8,909 citations

Caspases: Enemies Within

1998 • 6,923 citations

Bcl-2 heterodimerizes in vivo with a conserved homolog, Bax, that accelerates programed cell death

1993 • 6,009 citations

Akt Phosphorylation of BAD Couples Survival Signals to the Cell-Intrinsic Death Machinery

1997 • 5,665 citations

The Bcl-2 Protein Family: Arbiters of Cell Survival

1998 • 5,359 citations

Induction of Apoptotic Program in Cell-Free Extracts: Requirement for dATP and Cytochrome c

1996 • 5,133 citations

Prevention of Apoptosis by Bcl-2: Release of Cytochrome c from Mitochondria Blocked

1997 • 4,921 citations

The Release of Cytochrome c from Mitochondria: A Primary Site for Bcl-2 Regulation of Apoptosis

1997 • 4,728 citations

Cleavage of BID by Caspase 8 Mediates the Mitochondrial Damage in the Fas Pathway of Apoptosis

1998 • 4,383 citations

Tumor suppressor p53 is a direct transcriptional activator of the human bax gene

1995 • 4,043 citations

Molecular characterization of mitochondrial apoptosis-inducing factor

1999 • 4,031 citations

Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death

1990 • 3,817 citations

Bid, a Bcl2 Interacting Protein, Mediates Cytochrome c Release from Mitochondria in Response to Activation of Cell Surface Death Receptors

1998 • 3,603 citations

Bcl-2 functions in an antioxidant pathway to prevent apoptosis

1993 • 3,465 citations

Regulation of Cell Death Protease Caspase-9 by Phosphorylation

1998 • 3,129 citations

Two CD95 (APO-1/Fas) signaling pathways

1998 • 3,045 citations

Serine Phosphorylation of Death Agonist BAD in Response to Survival Factor Results in Binding to 14-3-3 Not BCL-XL

1996 • 2,627 citations

Signaling Through Scaffold, Anchoring, and Adaptor Proteins

1997 • 2,268 citations

Interleukin-3-Induced Phosphorylation of BAD Through the Protein Kinase Akt

1997 • 2,245 citations

Tumor suppressor p53 is a regulator of bcl-2 and bax gene expression in vitro and in vivo.

1994 • 2,141 citations

An APAF-1·Cytochrome c Multimeric Complex Is a Functional Apoptosome That Activates Procaspase-9

1999 • 2,088 citations

Movement of Bax from the Cytosol to Mitochondria during Apoptosis

1997 • 1,805 citations

The proto-oncogene Bcl-2 and its role in regulating apoptosis

1997 • 1,768 citations

Double identity for proteins of the Bcl-2 family

1997 • 1,511 citations

X-ray and NMR structure of human Bcl-xL, an inhibitor of programmed cell death

1996 • 1,456 citations

Molecular thanatopsis: a discourse on the BCL2 family and cell death

1996 • 1,412 citations

BH1 and BH2 domains of Bcl-2 are required for inhibition of apoptosis and heterodimerization with Bax

1994 • 1,303 citations

Bid-induced Conformational Change of Bax Is Responsible for Mitochondrial Cytochrome c Release during Apoptosis

1999 • 1,255 citations

Ca ²⁺ -Induced Apoptosis Through Calcineurin Dephosphorylation of BAD

1999 • 1,136 citations

Cytosol-to-membrane redistribution of Bax and Bcl-X_Lduring apoptosis

1997 • 1,117 citations

Conversion of Bcl-2 to a Bax-like Death Effector by Caspases

1997 • 1,116 citations

Enforced dimerization of BAX results in its translocation, mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis

1998 • 1,100 citations

Bcl-2 family proteins

1998 • 1,055 citations

The Proapoptotic Activity of the Bcl-2 Family Member Bim Is Regulated by Interaction with the Dynein Motor Complex

1999 • 1,045 citations

Investigation of the subcellular distribution of the bcl-2 oncoprotein: residence in the nuclear envelope, endoplasmic reticulum, and outer mitochondrial membranes.

1993 • 1,044 citations

Caspase Cleaved BID Targets Mitochondria and Is Required for Cytochrome c Release, while BCL-XL Prevents This Release but Not Tumor Necrosis Factor-R1/Fas Death

1999 • 1,024 citations

Localization of Protein Kinases by Anchoring Proteins: a Theme in Signal Transduction

1995 • 911 citations

Bcl-2 prolongs cell survival after Bax-induced release of cytochrome c

1998 • 872 citations

Bcl-xL forms an ion channel in synthetic lipid membranes

1997 • 817 citations

Checkpoints of dueling dimers foil death wishes

1994 • 806 citations

Bcl-2 Targets the Protein Kinase Raf-1 to Mitochondria

1996 • 785 citations

Inactivation of Bcl-2 by phosphorylation.

1995 • 744 citations

Mitochondrial Release of Caspase-2 and -9 during the Apoptotic Process

1999 • 730 citations

Taxol induces bcl-2 phosphorylation and death of prostate cancer cells.

1996 • 662 citations

Bcl-2-family proteins: the role of the BH3 domain in apoptosis

1998 • 641 citations

Interaction of CED-4 with CED-3 and CED-9: A Molecular Framework for Cell Death

1997 • 635 citations

Phosphorylation and Inactivation of BAD by Mitochondria-Anchored Protein Kinase A

1999 • 635 citations

Escaping Cell Death: Survival Proteins in Cancer

1999 • 629 citations

The C. elegans Protein EGL-1 Is Required for Programmed Cell Death and Interacts with the Bcl-2–like Protein CED-9

1998 • 628 citations

Regulated Targeting of BAX to Mitochondria

1998 • 617 citations

Evidence that BCL-2 represses apoptosis by regulating endoplasmic reticulum-associated Ca2+ fluxes.

1994 • 605 citations

Channel formation by antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2

1997 • 604 citations

Bcl2 is the guardian of microtubule integrity.

1997 • 599 citations

Bcl-2 Phosphorylation Required for Anti-apoptosis Function

1997 • 540 citations

Bcl-X _L interacts with Apaf-1 and inhibits Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation

1998 • 534 citations

Caspase-9, Bcl-XL, and Apaf-1 Form a Ternary Complex

1998 • 523 citations

Presence of a pre-apoptotic complex of pro-caspase-3, Hsp60 and Hsp10 in the mitochondrial fraction of Jurkat cells

1999 • 518 citations

Modulation of cell death by Bcl-x _L through caspase interaction

1998 • 505 citations

A conserved domain in Bak, distinct from BH1 and BH2, mediates cell death and protein binding functions.

1995 • 491 citations

Genetics of programmed cell death in C. elegans: past, present and future

1998 • 486 citations

Cell Damage-induced Conformational Changes of the Pro-Apoptotic Protein Bak In Vivo Precede the Onset of Apoptosis

1999 • 485 citations

Solution Structure of BID, an Intracellular Amplifier of Apoptotic Signaling

1999 • 473 citations

The Role of Calcium in the Regulation of Apoptosis

1997 • 460 citations

Non-erythroid α-spectrin breakdown by calpain and interleukin 1 β-converting-enzyme-like protease(s) in apoptotic cells: contributory roles of both protease families in neuronal apoptosis

1996 • 427 citations

The Caspase-3 Precursor Has a Cytosolic and Mitochondrial Distribution: Implications for Apoptotic Signaling

1998 • 419 citations

Protease Involvement in Fodrin Cleavage and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Apoptosis

1996 • 409 citations

Solution Structure of the Proapoptotic Molecule BID

1999 • 387 citations

Raf-1/bcl-2 phosphorylation: a step from microtubule damage to cell death.

1997 • 387 citations

Suppression of signalling through transcription factor NF-AT by interactions between calcineurin and Bcl-2

1997 • 368 citations

Bcl-2 interacting protein, BAG-1, binds to and activates the kinase Raf-1.

1996 • 364 citations

Caspases: their intracellular localization and translocation during apoptosis

1999 • 358 citations

Cell-specific Induction of Apoptosis by Microinjection of Cytochrome c

1997 • 348 citations

The E1B 19K protein blocks apoptosis by interacting with and inhibiting the p53-inducible and death-promoting Bax protein.

1996 • 346 citations

Interaction and Regulation of Subcellular Localization of CED-4 by CED-9

1997 • 345 citations

Cross talk between cell death and cell cycle progression: BCL-2 regulates NFAT-mediated activation.

1996 • 344 citations

The anti-apoptosis function of Bcl-2 can be genetically separated from its inhibitory effect on cell cycle entry

1997 • 343 citations

Involvement of Caspases in Neutrophil Apoptosis: Regulation by Reactive Oxygen Species

1998 • 341 citations

Deletion of the loop region of Bcl-2 completely blocks paclitaxel-induced apoptosis

1999 • 338 citations

Bax cleavage is mediated by calpain during drug-induced apoptosis

1998 • 330 citations

Interaction between the C. elegans cell-death regulators CED-9 and CED-4

1997 • 304 citations

Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor Dephosphorylates Bcl-2 by Activating Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphatase-1 and Induces Apoptosis

1997 • 301 citations

Bcl-2 expression causes redistribution of glutathione to the nucleus

1998 • 297 citations

Association of mitochondria with microtubules in cultured cells.

1978 • 296 citations

Glucocorticoids inhibit apoptosis of human neutrophils

1995 • 294 citations

Identification of a novel regulatory domain in Bcl-xL and Bcl-2

1997 • 287 citations

bcl-2 proto-oncogene expression in normal and neoplastic human myeloid cells

1992 • 276 citations

Caspase-Mediated Fragmentation of Calpain Inhibitor Protein Calpastatin during Apoptosis

1998 • 270 citations

Nitric Oxide Suppression of Apoptosis Occurs in Association with an Inhibition of Bcl-2 Cleavage and Cytochrome cRelease

1998 • 250 citations

Different Subcellular Distribution of Caspase-3 and Caspase-7 following Fas-induced Apoptosis in Mouse Liver

1998 • 236 citations

The protein product of the oncogene bcl-2 is a component of the nuclear envelope, the endoplasmic reticulum, and the outer mitochondrial membrane.

1994 • 233 citations

Mitotic Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 during Normal Cell Cycle Progression and Taxol-induced Growth Arrest

1998 • 231 citations

Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 Is a Marker of M Phase Events and Not a Determinant of Apoptosis

1998 • 225 citations

Interleukin-3 and bryostatin-1 mediate hyperphosphorylation of BCL2 alpha in association with suppression of apoptosis.

1994 • 222 citations

Cleavage of the calpain inhibitor, calpastatin, during apoptosis

1998 • 202 citations

Diminished Cell Proliferation Associated with the Death-protective Activity of Bcl-2

1996 • 202 citations

Apoptosis mediated by HIV protease is preceded by cleavage of Bcl-2.

1996 • 195 citations

Alphaviruses induce apoptosis in Bcl-2-overexpressing cells: evidence for a caspase-mediated, proteolytic inactivation of Bcl-2

1998 • 189 citations

Structure-function analysis of the Bcl-2 oncoprotein. Addition of a heterologous transmembrane domain to portions of the Bcl-2 beta protein restores function as a regulator of cell survival

1993 • 185 citations

Involvement of Cellular Proteolytic Machinery in Apoptosis

1997 • 184 citations

Boo, a novel negative regulator of cell death, interacts with Apaf-1

1999 • 177 citations

Diva, a Bcl-2 Homologue that Binds Directly to Apaf-1 and Induces BH3-independent Cell Death

1998 • 170 citations

The 55-kDa Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Induces Clustering of Mitochondria through Its Membrane-proximal Region

1998 • 167 citations

Role of membrane anchor domain of Bcl-2 in suppression of apoptosis caused by E1B-defective adenovirus

1994 • 167 citations

Apoptosis suppression by bcl-2 is correlated with the regulation of nuclear and cytosolic Ca2+.

1996 • 164 citations

Acceleration of apoptotic cell death after the cleavage of Bcl-XL protein by caspase-3-like proteases

1998 • 161 citations

Bcl-xL is phosphorylated in malignant cells following microtubule disruption.

1998 • 160 citations

Kinase cascades regulating entry into apoptosis

1997 • 157 citations

Evidence for CPP32 Activation in the Absence of Apoptosis during T Lymphocyte Stimulation

1997 • 155 citations

Phosphorylation of IκB-α Inhibits Its Cleavage by Caspase CPP32 in Vitro

1997 • 147 citations

Nuclear targeting of Bax during apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells

1998 • 138 citations

Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 Protein and Association with p21Ras in Ras-induced Apoptosis

1996 • 132 citations

Caenorhabditis elegans CED-9 protein is a bifunctional cell-death inhibitor

1997 • 123 citations

Phosphorylation of presenilin-2 regulates its cleavage by caspases and retards progression of apoptosis

1999 • 112 citations

Release of adenylate kinase 2 from the mitochondrial intermembrane space during apoptosis

1999 • 108 citations

Protein phosphorylation in apoptosis

1995 • 107 citations

Suppression of Fas/APO-1-Mediated Apoptosis by Mitogen-Activated Kinase Signaling

1998 • 106 citations

Activation of caspase-3-like enzymes in non-apoptotic T cells

1998 • 105 citations

Cleavage of Bcl-2 is an early event in chemotherapy-induced apoptosis of human myeloid leukemia cells

1999 • 105 citations

Tyrosine kinase(s) regulate apoptosis and bcl-2 expression in a growth factor-dependent cell line.

1993 • 98 citations

Immunoblot analysis of cellular expression of Bcl-2 family proteins, Bcl-2, Bax, Bcl-X and Mcl-1, in human peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues

1995 • 94 citations

Detection of pro‐caspase‐3 in cytosol and mitochondria of various tissues

1998 • 94 citations

Subcellular Distribution and Redistribution of Bcl-2 Family Proteins in Human Leukemia Cells Undergoing Apoptosis

1999 • 90 citations

Kinase cascades regulating entry into apoptosis.

1997 • 84 citations

Involvement of Bcl-2 Cleavage in the Acceleration of VP-16-Induced U937 Cell Apoptosis

1998 • 79 citations

Microtubule‐active drugs suppress the closure of the permeability transition pore in tumour mitochondria

1996 • 71 citations

Cif (Cytochrome c Efflux-Inducing Factor) Activity Is Regulated by Bcl-2 and Caspases and Correlates with the Activation of Bid

1999 • 68 citations

Phosphorylation of BCL-2 After Exposure of Human Leukemic Cells to Retinoic Acid

1998 • 61 citations

Induction of apoptosis and caspase activation in cells obtained from familial haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis patients

1999 • 56 citations

Interleukin-3 Induces the Phosphorylation of a Distinct Fraction of Bcl-2

1999 • 51 citations

Studies on the interaction between mitochondria and the cytoskeleton

1989 • 49 citations

Phosphorylated Forms of Activated Caspases Are Present in Cytosol From HL-60 Cells During Etoposide-Induced Apoptosis

1998 • 47 citations

Cleavage of cytoskeletal proteins by caspases during ovarian cell death: evidence that cell-free systems do not always mimic apoptotic events in intact cells

1997 • 46 citations

Bcl-2 Is Located Predominantly in the Inner Membrane and Crista of Mitochondria in Rat Liver

1998 • 36 citations

N-terminus cleavage of bcl-2 by a novel cellular non-ICE cysteine proteinase

1998 • 20 citations