Granule-Mediated Cytotoxicity

Identification and inhibition of the ICE/CED-3 protease necessary for mammalian apoptosis

1995 • 4,003 citations

FLICE, A Novel FADD-Homologous ICE/CED-3–like Protease, Is Recruited to the CD95 (Fas/APO-1) Death-Inducing Signaling Complex

1996 • 3,065 citations

Yama/CPP32β, a mammalian homolog of CED-3, is a CrmA-inhibitable protease that cleaves the death substrate poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase

1995 • 2,402 citations

Involvement of MACH, a Novel MORT1/FADD-Interacting Protease, in Fas/APO-1- and TNF Receptor–Induced Cell Death

1996 • 2,306 citations

Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice

1994 • 1,772 citations

Fas and Perforin Pathways as Major Mechanisms of T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

1994 • 1,558 citations

CPP32, a novel human apoptotic protein with homology to Caenorhabditis elegans cell death protein Ced-3 and mammalian interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme.

1994 • 1,239 citations

Cytolytic T-cell cytotoxicity is mediated through perforin and Fas lytic pathways

1994 • 1,073 citations

Pathways of Protein Secretion in Eukaryotes

1985 • 1,050 citations

Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells

1994 • 844 citations

Ich-1, an Ice/ced-3-related gene, encodes both positive and negative regulators of programmed cell death

1994 • 843 citations

An evolutionary perspective on apoptosis

1994 • 758 citations

In vitro activation of CPP32 and Mch3 by Mch4, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease containing two FADD-like domains.

1996 • 731 citations

Activation of the apoptotic protease CPP32 by cytotoxic T-cell-derived granzyme B

1995 • 720 citations

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules are secretory lysosomes, containing both perforin and granzymes.

1991 • 693 citations

T CELL ANTIGEN RECEPTOR SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION PATHWAYS

1996 • 692 citations

Endogenous endonuclease-induced DNA fragmentation: an early event in cell-mediated cytolysis.

1983 • 616 citations

Mechanism of Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytotoxicity

1985 • 602 citations

Induction of apoptosis by the mouse Nedd2 gene, which encodes a protein similar to the product of the Caenorhabditis elegans cell death gene ced-3 and the mammalian IL-1 beta-converting enzyme.

1994 • 596 citations

The CED-3/ICE-like Protease Mch2 Is Activated during Apoptosis and Cleaves the Death Substrate Lamin A

1996 • 466 citations

Purification of three cytotoxic lymphocyte granule serine proteases that induce apoptosis through distinct substrate and target cell interactions.

1992 • 447 citations

Calreticulin

1992 • 402 citations

Isolation and biochemical and functional characterization of perforin 1 from cytolytic T-cell granules.

1985 • 398 citations

A family of serine esterases in lytic granules of cytolytic T lymphocytes

1987 • 393 citations

Modulation of gene expression by calreticulin binding to the glucocorticoid receptor

1994 • 389 citations

A polyadenylate binding protein localized to the granules of cytolytic lymphocytes induces DNA fragmentation in target cells

1991 • 381 citations

A natural killer cell granule protein that induces DNA fragmentation and apoptosis.

1992 • 379 citations

New Paradigm for Lymphocyte Granule-mediated Cytotoxicity

1996 • 368 citations

Perforin: structure and function

1995 • 361 citations

ICE-LAP3, a Novel Mammalian Homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans Cell Death Protein Ced-3 Is Activated during Fas- and Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Apoptosis

1996 • 327 citations

A novel serine esterase expressed by cytotoxic T lymphocytes

1985 • 319 citations

Purification and characterization of a cytolytic pore-forming protein from granules of cloned lymphocytes with natural killer activity

1986 • 316 citations

A novel human protease similar to the interleukin-1 beta converting enzyme induces apoptosis in transfected cells.

1995 • 313 citations

Two distinct pathways of specific killing revealed by perforin mutant cytotoxic T lymphocytes

1994 • 307 citations

ICE-LAP6, a Novel Member of the ICE/Ced-3 Gene Family, Is Activated by the Cytotoxic T Cell Protease Granzyme B

1996 • 304 citations

A Cytosolic Granzyme B Inhibitor Related to the Viral Apoptotic Regulator Cytokine Response Modifier A Is Present in Cytotoxic Lymphocytes

1996 • 301 citations

Isolation of a lytic, pore-forming protein (perforin) from cytolytic T-lymphocytes.

1985 • 300 citations

The Ced-3/Interleukin 1β Converting Enzyme-like Homolog Mch6 and the Lamin-cleaving Enzyme Mch2α Are Substrates for the Apoptotic Mediator CPP32

1996 • 295 citations

Spatial relationships of microtubule-organizing centers and the contact area of cytotoxic T lymphocytes and target cells.

1982 • 283 citations

Molecular Cloning and Pro-apoptotic Activity of ICErelII and ICErelIII, Members of the ICE/CED-3 Family of Cysteine Proteases

1995 • 281 citations

The cytotoxic cell protease granzyme B initiates apoptosis in a cell-free system by proteolytic processing and activation of the ICE/CED-3 family protease, CPP32, via a novel two-step mechanism.

1996 • 279 citations

Perforin-Mediated Target Cell Lysis by Cytolytic T Lymphocytes

1990 • 268 citations

Identification and Characterization of ICH-2, a Novel Member of the Interleukin-1β-converting Enzyme Family of Cysteine Proteases

1995 • 262 citations

Human and murine cytotoxic T lymphocyte serine proteases: subsite mapping with peptide thioester substrates and inhibition of enzyme activity and cytolysis by isocoumarins

1991 • 255 citations

Recovery of human neutrophils from complement attack: removal of the membrane attack complex by endocytosis and exocytosis.

1987 • 251 citations

Cloning of a cDNA for a T Cell-Specific Serine Protease from a Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte

1986 • 247 citations

Novel Serine Proteases Encoded by Two Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-Specific Genes

1986 • 246 citations

Cytotoxicity with target DNA breakdown by rat basophilic leukemia cells expressing both cytolysin and granzyme A

1992 • 243 citations

Granzyme B (GraB) Autonomously Crosses the Cell Membrane and Perforin Initiates Apoptosis and GraB Nuclear Localization

1997 • 237 citations

Induction of mRNA for a serine protease and a beta-thromboglobulin-like protein in mitogen-stimulated human leukocytes.

1987 • 236 citations

Identification and Characterization of Ich-3, a Member of the Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme (ICE)/Ced-3 Family and an Upstream Regulator of ICE

1996 • 231 citations

Reorientation of the microtubule-organizing center and the Golgi apparatus in cloned cytotoxic lymphocytes triggered by binding to lysable target cells.

1984 • 230 citations

Cytolysis by H-2-specific T killer cells. Assembly of tubular complexes on target membranes.

1983 • 229 citations

Identification and Characterization of CPP32/Mch2 Homolog 1, a Novel Cysteine Protease Similar to CPP32

1996 • 223 citations

Serial killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: T cell receptor triggers degranulation, re‐filling of the lytic granules and secretion of lytic proteins via a non‐granule pathway

1995 • 220 citations

A monoclonal antibody reactive with a 15-kDa cytoplasmic granule-associated protein defines a subpopulation of CD8+ T lymphocytes.

1990 • 218 citations

Granzyme A is an interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme.

1995 • 217 citations

PITSLRE protein kinase activity is associated with apoptosis

1995 • 212 citations

Entry and Trafficking of Granzyme B in Target Cells During Granzyme B-Perforin–Mediated Apoptosis

1998 • 210 citations

Generation of active myeloid and lymphoid granule serine proteases requires processing by the granule thiol protease dipeptidyl peptidase I.

1993 • 205 citations

The inducible cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated gene transcript CTLA-1 sequence and gene localization to mouse chromosome 14

1986 • 197 citations

Induction of target cell DNA release by the cytotoxic T lymphocyte granule protease granzyme A.

1989 • 186 citations

Granzyme A-deficient mice retain potent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

1995 • 186 citations

Human cytotoxic lymphocyte granzyme B. Its purification from granules and the characterization of substrate and inhibitor specificity.

1991 • 185 citations

Regulated exocytosis

1993 • 179 citations

Granzymes A and B are targeted to the lytic granules of lymphocytes by the mannose-6-phosphate receptor.

1993 • 177 citations

Isolation and characterization of a serine esterase from cytolytic T cell granules

1986 • 177 citations

Proteolytic activation of the cell death protease Yama/CPP32 by granzyme B.

1996 • 175 citations

Reorientation and fusion of cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules after interaction with target cells as determined by high resolution cinemicrography.

1986 • 166 citations

Purified perforin induces target cell lysis but not DNA fragmentation.

1989 • 162 citations

Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte-assisted Suicide

1998 • 161 citations

The lytic granules of natural killer cells are dual-function organelles combining secretory and pre-lysosomal compartments.

1990 • 152 citations

Synergistic roles of granzymes A and B in mediating target cell death by rat basophilic leukemia mast cell tumors also expressing cytolysin/perforin.

1995 • 149 citations

Granules of cytolytic T-lymphocytes contain two serine esterases.

1986 • 148 citations

Cleavage of CPP32 by Granzyme B Represents a Critical Role for Granzyme B in the Induction of Target Cell DNA Fragmentation

1996 • 148 citations

Specific release of proteoglycans from human natural killer cells during target lysis

1985 • 146 citations

Increased Expression of the Insulin-like Growth Factor-II Gene in Wilms' Tumor Is Not Dependent on Loss of Genomic Imprinting or Loss of Heterozygosity

1996 • 140 citations

The calcium-binding protein calreticulin is a major constituent of lytic granules in cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1993 • 137 citations

The small GTPases Rac and Rho as regulators of secretion in mast cells

1995 • 137 citations

Cell specificity of granzyme gene expression.

1990 • 136 citations

Actin filament organization in activated mast cells is regulated by heterotrimeric and small GTP-binding proteins.

1994 • 135 citations

Electron microscopic demonstration of lesions in target cell membranes associated with antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

1980 • 133 citations

Expression of recombinant human granzyme B. A processing and activation role for dipeptidyl peptidase I.

1995 • 127 citations

Granzyme A released upon stimulation of cytotoxic T lymphocytes activates the thrombin receptor on neuronal cells and astrocytes.

1994 • 125 citations

Apoptotic cell death induced by intracellular proteolysis.

1994 • 124 citations

Acidification is essential for maintaining the structure and function of lytic granules of CTL. Effect of concanamycin A, an inhibitor of vacuolar type H(+)-ATPase, on CTL-mediated cytotoxicity.

1994 • 123 citations

Calcium ion concentrations and DNA fragmentation in target cell destruction by murine cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1988 • 120 citations

Cloning and chromosomal assignment of a human cDNA encoding a T cell- and natural killer cell-specific trypsin-like serine protease.

1988 • 118 citations

Extracellular activities of human granzyme A. Monocyte activation by granzyme A versus alpha-thrombin.

1996 • 117 citations

Characterization of three serine esterases isolated from human IL-2 activated killer cells.

1988 • 114 citations

Phosphorylcholine acts as a Ca2+-dependent receptor molecule for lymphocyte perforin

1989 • 114 citations

Identification, isolation, and characterization of a novel cytotoxin in murine cytolytic lymphocytes

1987 • 113 citations

Purification and characterization of a T cell specific serine proteinase (TSP-1) from cloned cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1986 • 112 citations

The reorientation of the Golgi apparatus and the microtubule-organizing center in the cytotoxic effector cell is a prerequisite in the lysis of bound target cells.

1985 • 106 citations

A noncytotoxic mast cell tumor line exhibits potent IgE-dependent cytotoxicity after transfection with the cytolysin/perforin gene

1991 • 104 citations

Localization of Granzyme B in the Nucleus

1996 • 102 citations

Interaction of chondroitin sulfate with perforin and granzymes of cytolytic T-cells is dependent on pH

1990 • 101 citations

The cell biology of CTL killing

1995 • 99 citations

Mechanism of the inhibition of Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent endonuclease of bull seminal plasma induced by ADP-ribosylation.

1984 • 97 citations

Lytic granules from cytotoxic T cells exhibit kinesin-dependent motility on microtubules in vitro

1993 • 96 citations

Liposomes as targets for granule cytolysin from cytotoxic large granular lymphocyte tumors.

1984 • 95 citations

Granzyme A binding to target cell proteins. Granzyme A binds to and cleaves nucleolin in vitro

1991 • 93 citations

Identification and sequencing of cDNA clones encoding the granule-associated serine proteases granzymes D, E, and F of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1988 • 92 citations

Granzymes: a variety of serine protease specificities encoded by genetically distinct subfamilies

1996 • 92 citations

Cytotoxic lymphocyte granzymes trigger a target cell internal disintegration pathway leading to cytolysis and DNA breakdown.

1994 • 91 citations

Cloning of two genes that are specifically expressed in activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1986 • 91 citations

Molecular cloning of an inducible serine esterase gene from human cytotoxic lymphocytes.

1988 • 91 citations

Regulation of kinesin activity by phosphorylation of kinesin-associated proteins.

1994 • 90 citations

Resistance of cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes to cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

1987 • 89 citations

Thrombopoietin and the Hematopoietic Stem Cell

1998 • 89 citations

The function of lymphocyte proteases. Inhibition and restoration of granule-mediated lysis with isocoumarin serine protease inhibitors.

1991 • 87 citations

Identification and characterization of a pore-forming protein of human peripheral blood natural killer cells.

1986 • 84 citations

ADP-ribosylation of the ras-related, GTP-binding protein RhoA inhibits lymphocyte-mediated cytotoxicity.

1992 • 82 citations

Activation of recombinant murine cytotoxic cell proteinase-1 requires deletion of an amino-terminal dipeptide.

1993 • 81 citations

DNA Fragmentation in Targets of CTL: An Example of Programmed Cell Death in the Immune System

1985 • 81 citations

Comparative molecular model building of two serine proteinases from cytotoxic T lymphocytes

1988 • 80 citations

Mouse T-cell associated serine proteinase 1 degrades collagen type IV: a structural basis for the migration of lymphocytes through vascular basement membranes.

1991 • 77 citations

Conversion of the substrate specificity of mouse proteinase granzyme B

1994 • 74 citations

Granzyme B Plays a Critical Role in Cytotoxic Lymphocyte‐induced Apoptosis

1995 • 73 citations

Sensitivity of cytotoxic T cells to T-cell mediated cytotoxicity

1974 • 70 citations

Expression of Human Recombinant Granzyme A Zymogen and Its Activation by the Cysteine Proteinase Cathepsin C

1996 • 70 citations

Inhibition of rat liver Ca2+, Mg2+-dependent endonuclease activity by nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) synthetase

1974 • 70 citations

Resistance of cytotoxic T lymphocytes to lysis by a clone of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1987 • 70 citations

Biochemical and functional properties of serine esterases in acidic cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1987 • 70 citations

Identification of granzyme A isolated from cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte‐granules as one of the proteases encoded by CTL‐specific genes

1986 • 68 citations

Identification of a Cysteine Protease Closely Related to Interleukin‐1β‐Converting Enzyme

1996 • 66 citations

Processing and Activation of CMH-1 by Granzyme B

1996 • 65 citations

A calcium- and perforin-independent pathway of killing mediated by murine cytolytic lymphocytes.

1987 • 64 citations

Structure and evolutionary origin of the human granzyme H gene

1991 • 61 citations

Calreticulin in T-lymphocytes. Identification of calreticulin in T-lymphocytes and demonstration that activation of T cells correlates with increased levels of calreticulin mRNA and protein.

1992 • 60 citations

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis of cytotoxic cell proteinase gene transcripts in T cells. Pattern of expression is dependent on the nature of the stimulus.

1992 • 58 citations

cDNA cloning of granzyme C, a granule-associated serine protease of cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1988 • 57 citations

Isolation and complete structure of the lymphocyte serine protease granzyme G, a novel member of the granzyme multigene family in murine cytolytic T lymphocytes. Evolutionary origin of lymphocyte proteases

1989 • 56 citations

Inhibition of Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase as a Possible Reason for Activation of Ca²⁺/Mg²⁺-dependent Endonuclease in Thymocytes of Irradiated Rats

1988 • 55 citations

The cytotoxic T cell proteinase granzyme B does not activate interleukin-1 beta-converting enzyme.

1994 • 55 citations

Cloning of a gene that encodes a new member of the human cytotoxic cell protease family

1990 • 55 citations

Two proteins targeted to the same lytic granule compartment undergo very different posttranslational processing.

1989 • 53 citations

A hemopoietic specific gene encoding a small GTP binding protein is overexpressed during T cell activation

1991 • 50 citations

Subcellular localization of perforin and serine esterase in lymphokine-activated killer cells and cytotoxic T cells by immunogold labeling.

1991 • 50 citations

Possible Involvement of CTL Granule Proteases in Target Cell DNA Breakdown

1988 • 48 citations

Inhibition of the lytic activity of perforin (cytolysin) and of late complement components by proteoglycans

1987 • 46 citations

Co-sedimentation of chondroitin sulfate A glycosaminoglycans and proteoglycans with the cytolytic secretory granules of rat large granular lymphocyte (LGL) tumor cells, and identification of a mRNA in normal and transformed LGL that encodes proteoglycans.

1987 • 46 citations

Human granzyme B is essential for DNA fragmentation of susceptible target cells

1994 • 45 citations

Resistance of CTL to perforin-mediated lysis. Evidence for a lymphocyte membrane protein interacting with perforin.

1994 • 45 citations

In vivo primed mouse T cells selectively express T cell-specific serine proteinase-1 and the proteinase-like molecules granzyme B and C

1991 • 44 citations

A serine protease (CCP1) is sequestered in the cytoplasmic granules of cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1987 • 41 citations

Organization of two genes encoding cytotoxic T lymphocyte-specific serine proteases CCPI and CCPII

1988 • 39 citations

CPP32/Yama/apopain cleaves the catalytic component of DNA-dependent protein kinase in the holoenzyme

1996 • 37 citations

Inhibition of the lytic activity of perforin by lipoproteins.

1986 • 35 citations

Structure and differential mechanisms of regulation of expression of a serine esterase gene in activated human T lymphocytes.

1988 • 34 citations

Isolation and sequence analysis of serine protease cDNAs from mouse cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1988 • 34 citations

Binding of Granzyme B in the Nucleus of Target Cells

1996 • 34 citations

Resistance of cytolytic lymphocytes to perforin-mediated killing. Induction of resistance correlates with increase in cytotoxicity.

1989 • 34 citations

A tyrosine phosphorylation requirement for cytotoxic T lymphocyte degranulation

1994 • 33 citations

Transfection of mouse cytotoxic T lymphocyte with an antisense granzyme A vector reduces lytic activity.

1992 • 33 citations

Resistance of primary CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes to lysis by cytotoxic granules from cloned T cell lines.

1988 • 33 citations

Cellular localization of perforin 1 in murine cloned cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1987 • 32 citations

Inhibition of cytolysin activity in large granular lymphocyte granules by lipids: Evidence for a membrane insertion mechanism of lysis

1987 • 32 citations

Calcium is essential for both the membrane binding and lytic activity of pore-forming protein (perforin) from cytotoxic T-lymphocyte

1990 • 30 citations

Self-protection of cytotoxic lymphocytes: a soluble form of homologous restriction factor in cytoplasmic granules.

1988 • 26 citations

Isolation of two cDNA sequences which encode cytotoxic cell proteases

1988 • 25 citations

Induction of expression of cell-surface homologous restriction factor upon anti-CD3 stimulation of human peripheral lymphocytes.

1988 • 20 citations

HYPOTHESIS: CYTOTOXIC LYMPHOCYTE GRANULE SERINE PROTEASES ACTIVATE TARGET CELL ENDONUCLEASES TO TRIGGER APOPTOSIS

1994 • 20 citations

Resistance of cytolytic lymphocytes to perforin-mediated killing. Murine cytotoxic T lymphocytes and human natural killer cells do not contain functional soluble homologous restriction factor or other specific soluble protective factors.

1989 • 19 citations

Expression and utilization of chymotrypsin-like but not trypsin-like serine protease enzymes by nonspecific T killer cells activated by anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody

1992 • 18 citations

The cytolytic protein of human lymphocytes related to the ninth component (C9) of human complement: isolation from anti-CD3-activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

1987 • 18 citations

Stably Transfected Antisense Granzyme B and Perforin Constructs Inhibit Human Granule-Mediated Lytic Ability

1995 • 17 citations

The lymphocyte pore-forming protein perforin is associated with granules by a pH-dependent mechanism

1989 • 16 citations

Leukophysin: a 28-kDa granule membrane protein of leukocytes.

1991 • 15 citations

Structure and evolution of the cytotoxic cell proteinase genes CCP3, CCP4 and CCP5

1991 • 14 citations

Evidence for involvement of serine proteases in the late stages of the natural killer cell lytic reaction

1986 • 12 citations

Leukophysin: an RNA helicase A-related molecule identified in cytotoxic T cell granules and vesicles.

1996 • 10 citations

Nucleotide sequence and genomic organization of a human T lymphocyte serine protease gene.

1990 • 10 citations

Negative cooperativity exhibited by the lytic amino-terminal domain of human perforin: implications for perforin-mediated cell lysis

1996 • 10 citations

Proteinases Are Involved in Both DNA Fragmentation and Membrane Damage during CTL-Mediated Target Cell Killing

1995 • 7 citations

A Molecular‐Genetic Analysis of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Function^a

1988 • 3 citations