Interactions of HIV-1 NEF with cellular signal transducing proteins

Importance of the nef gene for maintenance of high virus loads and for development of AIDS

1991 • 1,613 citations

Three-dimensional structure of the tyrosine kinase c-Src

1997 • 1,402 citations

Identification of a Ten-Amino Acid Proline-Rich SH3 Binding Site

1993 • 1,205 citations

Crystal structure of the Src family tyrosine kinase Hck

1997 • 1,165 citations

Genomic Structure of an Attenuated Quasi Species of HIV-1 from a Blood Transfusion Donor and Recipients

1995 • 1,158 citations

Endocytosis of major histocompatibility complex class I molecules is induced by the HIV–1 Nef protein

1996 • 1,041 citations

HIV-1 Nef protein protects infected primary cells against killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes

1998 • 1,012 citations

Absence of Intact nef Sequences in a Long-Term Survivor with Nonprogressive HIV-1 Infection

1995 • 1,008 citations

Modular binding domains in signal transduction proteins

1995 • 962 citations

The Selective Downregulation of Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Proteins by HIV-1 Protects HIV-Infected Cells from NK Cells

1999 • 870 citations

Two Binding Orientations for Peptides to the Src SH3 Domain: Development of a General Model for SH3-Ligand Interactions

1994 • 800 citations

Serine phosphorylation-independent downregulation of cell-surface CD4 by nef

1991 • 760 citations

Nef induces CD4 endocytosis: Requirement for a critical dileucine motif in the membrane-proximal CD4 cytoplasmic domain

1994 • 701 citations

Interaction of the unique N-terminal region of tyrosine kinase p56lck with cytoplasmic domains of CD4 and CD8 is mediated by cysteine motifs

1990 • 629 citations

Activation of the Sire-family tyrosine kinase Hck by SH3 domain displacement

1997 • 601 citations

Proline-rich (PxxP) motifs in HIV-1 Nef bind to SH3 domains of a subset of Src kinases and are required for the enhanced growth of Nef+ viruses but not for down-regulation of CD4.

1995 • 557 citations

Identification of a Protein that Binds to the SH3 Region of Abl and Is Similar to Bcr and GAP-rho

1992 • 553 citations

Macrophages as a Source of HIV During Opportunistic Infections

1997 • 543 citations

The human immunodeficiency virus-1 nef gene product: a positive factor for viral infection and replication in primary lymphocytes and macrophages.

1994 • 536 citations

HIV F/3' orf encodes a phosphorylated GTP-binding protein resembling an oncogene product

1987 • 523 citations

Structural determinants of peptide-binding orientation and of sequence specificity in SH3 domains

1994 • 519 citations

Conjugates of dendritic cells and memory T lymphocytes from skin facilitate productive infection with HIV-1

1994 • 505 citations

Structural basis for activation of human lymphocyte kinase Lck upon tyrosine phosphorylation

1996 • 479 citations

Nef Harbors a Major Determinant of Pathogenicity for an AIDS-like Disease Induced by HIV-1 in Transgenic Mice

1998 • 448 citations

Crystal Structure of the Conserved Core of HIV-1 Nef Complexed with a Src Family SH3 Domain

1996 • 433 citations

The importance of nef in the induction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication from primary quiescent CD4 lymphocytes.

1994 • 401 citations

Nef stimulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proviral DNA synthesis

1995 • 385 citations

Nef Interacts with the μ Subunit of Clathrin Adaptor Complexes and Reveals a Cryptic Sorting Signal in MHC I Molecules

1998 • 383 citations

Structures of Src-family tyrosine kinases

1997 • 377 citations

Optimal infectivity in vitro of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 requires an intact nef gene

1994 • 372 citations

HIV-1 Nef mediates lymphocyte chemotaxis and activation by infected macrophages

1999 • 371 citations

Nef Protein of HIV-1 Is a Transcriptional Repressor of HIV-1 LTR

1988 • 366 citations

The CD4 Determinant for Downregulation by HIV-1 Nef Directly Binds to Nef. Mapping of the Nef Binding Surface by NMR

1996 • 347 citations

Cell-surface expression of CD4 reduces HIV-1 infectivity by blocking Env incorporation in a Nef- and Vpu-inhibitable manner

1999 • 330 citations

Replication of HIV-1 in Dendritic Cell-Derived Syncytia at the Mucosal Surface of the Adenoid

1996 • 320 citations

The SH3 domain-binding surface and an acidic motif in HIV-1 Nef regulate trafficking of class I MHC complexes

1998 • 307 citations

HIV-1 nef leads to inhibition or activation of T cells depending on its intracellular localization

1994 • 305 citations

Regulation of Phosphorylation Pathways by p21 GTPases

1996 • 300 citations

Downregulation of cell-surface CD4 expression by simian immunodeficiency virus Nef prevents viral super infection.

1993 • 291 citations

Emerging from the Pak: the p21-activated protein kinase family

1997 • 285 citations

Altered T cell activation and development in transgenic mice expressing the HIV-1 nef gene.

1993 • 282 citations

Interaction of HIV-1 Nef with the cellular dileucine-based sorting pathway is required for CD4 down-regulation and optimal viral infectivity

1998 • 273 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef increases the efficiency of reverse transcription in the infected cell

1995 • 266 citations

p21-Activated protein kinase: a crucial component of morphological signaling?

1999 • 261 citations

A single amino acid in the SH3 domain of Hck determines its high affinity and specificity in binding to HIV-1 Nef protein.

1995 • 256 citations

Identification of a nef allele that causes lymphocyte activation and acute disease in Macaque monkeys

1995 • 252 citations

Inhibition of HIV-1 progeny virion release by cell-surface CD4 is relieved by expression of the viral Nef protein

1999 • 248 citations

Interactions between HIV1 Nef and Vacuolar ATPase Facilitate the Internalization of CD4

1998 • 245 citations

Induction of Fas Ligand Expression by HIV Involves the Interaction of Nef with the T Cell Receptor ζ Chain

1999 • 242 citations

Analysis of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene sequences present in vivo

1993 • 241 citations

Activation of Vav by Nef Induces Cytoskeletal Rearrangements and Downstream Effector Functions

1999 • 234 citations

A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef is essential for sorting into clathrin-coated pits and for downregulation of CD4

1998 • 232 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef associateswith a cellular serine kinase in T lymphocytes.

1994 • 227 citations

A dileucine motif in HIV-1 Nef acts as an internalization signal for CD4 downregulation and binds the AP-1 clathrin adaptor

1998 • 227 citations

Nef-Induced CD4 and Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I (MHC-I) Down-Regulation Are Governed by Distinct Determinants: N-Terminal Alpha Helix and Proline Repeat of Nef Selectively Regulate MHC-I Trafficking

1999 • 221 citations

Co-localization of HIV-1 Nef with the AP-2 adaptor protein complex correlates with Nef-induced CD4 down-regulation

1997 • 220 citations

Mechanism of Nef-induced CD4 endocytosis: Nef connects CD4 with the chain of adaptor complexes

1998 • 209 citations

The crystal structure of HIV-1 Nef protein bound to the Fyn kinase SH3 domain suggests a role for this complex in altered T cell receptor signaling

1997 • 208 citations

Separable functions of Nef disrupt two aspects of T cell receptor machinery: CD4 expression and CD3 signaling

1997 • 206 citations

Producer-cell modification of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Nef is a virion protein

1996 • 202 citations

SH3-mediated Hck Tyrosine Kinase Activation and Fibroblast Transformation by the Nef Protein of HIV-1

1997 • 201 citations

Evasion of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte (CTL) Responses by Nef-dependent Induction of Fas Ligand (CD95L) Expression on Simian Immunodeficiency Virus–infected Cells

1997 • 194 citations

Dissociation of the CD4 downregulation and viral infectivity enhancement functions of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef

1995 • 191 citations

The p21Rac/Cdc42-activated kinases (PAKs)

1998 • 190 citations

Grossly DefectivenefGene Sequences in a Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1-Seropositive Long-Term Nonprogressor

1998 • 190 citations

CD4 down-regulation by nef alleles isolated from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected individuals.

1993 • 186 citations

HIV-1 Nef increases T cell activation in a stimulus-dependent manner

1999 • 180 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Protein Is Incorporated into Virus Particles and Specifically Cleaved by the Viral Proteinase

1996 • 179 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef-induced down-modulation of CD4 is due to rapid internalization and degradation of surface CD4

1994 • 179 citations

A role for natural simian immunodeficiency virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef alleles in lymphocyte activation

1997 • 178 citations

Amino acid substitutions sufficient to convert the nontransforming p60c-src protein to a transforming protein.

1986 • 171 citations

Physical interaction of the HIV-1 Nef protein with beta-COP, a component of non-clathrin-coated vesicles essential for membrane traffic.

1994 • 166 citations

Physical and Functional Interaction of Nef with Lck

1996 • 165 citations

The HIV-1 Nef Protein Acts as a Connector with Sorting Pathways in the Golgi and at the Plasma Membrane

1997 • 158 citations

The N-Terminus of Nef from HIV-1/SIV Associates with a Protein Complex Containing Lck and a Serine Kinase

1997 • 156 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef associates with a member of the p21-activated kinase family

1996 • 154 citations

Phosphorylation-dependent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection and nuclear targeting of viral DNA.

1996 • 154 citations

Phorbol ester-induced downregulation of CD4 is a multistep process involving dissociation from p56lck, increased association with clathrin-coated pits, and altered endosomal sorting.

1993 • 144 citations

Activation of PAK by HIV and SIV Nef: importance for AIDS in rhesus macaques

1996 • 142 citations

The Growth Advantage Conferred by HIV-1 nef Is Determined at the Level of Viral DNA Formation and Is Independent of CD4 Downregulation

1995 • 141 citations

Expression of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) nef gene during HIV-1 production increases progeny particle infectivity independently of gp160 or viral entry

1995 • 140 citations

Sh2 And Sh3 Domains In Signal Transduction

1994 • 138 citations

CDC42 and Rac1 are implicated in the activation of the Nef-associated kinase and replication of HIV-1

1996 • 137 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef binds directly to Lck and mitogen-activated protein kinase, inhibiting kinase activity

1996 • 134 citations

Suppression of c-Src activity by C-terminal Src kinase involves the c-Src SH2 and SH3 domains: analysis with Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1993 • 132 citations

Identification of the Nef-associated kinase as p21-activated kinase 2

1999 • 132 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits activation pathways in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and T-cell lines

1995 • 128 citations

Association of Nef with the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Core

1999 • 123 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein inhibits NF-kappa B induction in human T cells

1992 • 123 citations

A Conserved Domain and Membrane Targeting of Nef from HIV and SIV Are Required for Association with a Cellular Serine Kinase Activity

1995 • 122 citations

Virion Incorporation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Is Mediated by a Bipartite Membrane-Targeting Signal: Analysis of Its Role in Enhancement of Viral Infectivity

1998 • 119 citations

Nef from primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 suppresses surface CD4 expression in human and mouse T cells

1993 • 118 citations

RT Loop Flexibility Enhances the Specificity of Src Family SH3 Domains for HIV-1 Nef^,

1998 • 117 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Protein Sensitizes CD4+ T Lymphoid Cells to Apoptosis via Functional Upregulation of the CD95/CD95 Ligand Pathway

1999 • 116 citations

Nef-mediated Clathrin-coated Pit Formation

1997 • 109 citations

SH3-Domain Binding Function of HIV-1 Nef Is Required for Association with a PAK-Related Kinase

1998 • 102 citations

The HIV Nef Protein Associates with Protein Kinase C Theta

1996 • 100 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and p56lck protein-tyrosine kinase interact with a common element in CD4 cytoplasmic tail.

1995 • 100 citations

Association of simian immunodeficiency virus Nef with the T-cell receptor (TCR) zeta chain leads to TCR down-modulation.

1998 • 98 citations

The p60c-src family of protein-tyrosine kinases: structure, regulation, and function.

1992 • 97 citations

HIV-1 Nef Association with Cellular Serine Kinase Correlates with Enhanced Virion Infectivity and Efficient Proviral DNA Synthesis

1996 • 94 citations

Association of simian immunodeficiency virus Nef with cellular serine/threonine kinases is dispensable for the development of AIDS in rhesus macaques

1997 • 92 citations

Binding of HIV-1 Nef to a Novel Thioesterase Enzyme Correlates with Nef-mediated CD4 Down-regulation

1997 • 90 citations

Lymphocyte signalling: A coordinating role for Vav?

1998 • 88 citations

Myristoylation-dependent Binding of HIV-1 Nef to CD4

1994 • 86 citations

Two elements target SIV Nef to the AP-2 clathrin adaptor complex, but only one is required for the induction of CD4 endocytosis

1999 • 84 citations

Association of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Nef Protein with Actin is Myristoylation Dependent and Influences its Subcellular Localization

1997 • 84 citations

NEF-CD4 Physical Interaction Sensed with the Yeast Two-Hybrid System

1996 • 82 citations

Functions of SH2 and SH3 Domains

1998 • 81 citations

Mutational Analysis of HIV-1 Nef: Identification of Two Mutants That Are Temperature-Sensitive for CD4 Downregulation

1996 • 76 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein down-regulates transcription factors NF-kappa B and AP-1 in human T cells in vitro after T-cell receptor stimulation

1994 • 76 citations

Specific Th1 cytokine down-regulation associated with primary clinically derived human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef gene-induced expression.

1996 • 76 citations

Zeta Chain of the T-Cell Receptor Interacts with nef of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2

1998 • 74 citations

Cell Surface CD4 Inhibits HIV-1 Particle Release by Interfering with Vpu Activity

1999 • 71 citations

The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix

1997 • 69 citations

Non-receptor protein tyrosine kinases

2003 • 67 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Protein Sensitizes CD4+ T Lymphoid Cells to Apoptosis via Functional Upregulation of the CD95/CD95 Ligand Pathway

1999 • 64 citations

Induction of activator protein 1 (AP-1) in macrophages by human immunodeficiency virus type-1 NEF is a cell-type-specific response that requires both Hck and MAPK signaling events 1 1Edited by J. Karn

1999 • 63 citations

Disruption of the CD4-p56lck complex is required for rapid internalization of CD4.

1992 • 62 citations

Cellular Immune Response of Rhesus Monkeys Infected with a Partially Attenuated nef Deletion Mutant of the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus

1995 • 61 citations

HIV-1 Nef Protein Inhibits the Recruitment of AP-1 DNA-Binding Activity in Human T-Cells

1993 • 58 citations

Activation of the T-cell receptor signaling pathway by Nef from an aggressive strain of simian immunodeficiency virus

1997 • 58 citations

The HIV-1 Nef Protein Interferes with Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Activation 1

1996 • 56 citations

Nef—an adaptor adaptor?

1998 • 56 citations

The association of Nef with a cellular serine/threonine kinase and its enhancement of infectivity are viral isolate dependent

1996 • 56 citations

Induction of AIDS in Rhesus Monkeys by a Recombinant Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Expressing nef of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1

1999 • 55 citations

HIV-1 Nef inhibits a common activation pathway in NIH-3T3 cells.

1994 • 54 citations

The Proteolytic Cleavage of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Does Not Correlate with Its Ability To Stimulate Virion Infectivity

1998 • 52 citations

Cutting Edge: SIV Nef Protein Utilizes Both Leucine- and Tyrosine-Based Protein Sorting Pathways for Down-Regulation of CD4

1999 • 50 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Nef Independently Affects Virion Incorporation of Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I Molecules and Virus Infectivity

1997 • 48 citations

Identification of Regions in HIV-1 Nef Required for Efficient Downregulation of Cell Surface CD4

1997 • 48 citations

In vitro binding and phosphorylation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein by serine/threonine protein kinase

1995 • 48 citations

Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Proteins Show Distinct Patterns and Mechanisms of Src Kinase Activation

1999 • 48 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 and simian immunodeficiency virus Nef use distinct but overlapping target sites for downregulation of cell surface CD4

1997 • 46 citations

Protein Kinase C-mediated Phosphorylation of HIV-I Nef in Human Cell Lines

1997 • 46 citations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 NEF Protein Binds the Src-Related Tyrosine Kinase Lck SH2 Domain Through a Novel Phosphotyrosine Independent Mechanism

1998 • 45 citations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1nefGene Can to a Large Extent Replace Simian Immunodeficiency VirusnefIn Vivo

1999 • 43 citations

The nef gene products of both simian and human immunodeficiency viruses enhance virus infectivity and are functionally interchangeable

1997 • 42 citations

Partial “Repair” of DefectiveNEFGenes in a Long‐Term Nonprogressor with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

2000 • 41 citations

Intravirion Generation of the C-Terminal Core Domain of HIV-1 Nef by the HIV-1 Protease Is Insufficient to Enhance Viral Infectivity

1997 • 40 citations

SIV/HIV nef Recombinant Virus (SHIVnef) Produces Simian AIDS in Rhesus Macaques

1999 • 39 citations

HIV-1 Nef Plays an Essential Role in Two Independent Processes in CD4 Down-regulation: Dissociation of the CD4–p56lckComplex and Targeting of CD4 to Lysosomes

1999 • 38 citations

Serine Phosphorylation-Independent Downregulation of Cell-Surface CD4 by nef

1991 • 38 citations

Specific Suppression of Human CD4 Surface Expression by Nef from the Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac239open

1994 • 37 citations

Binding of c-Raf1 Kinase to a Conserved Acidic Sequence within the Carboxyl-terminal Region of the HIV-1 Nef Protein

1998 • 37 citations

The HIV Nef Protein Alters Ca2+ Signaling in Myelomonocytic Cells through SH3-mediated Protein-Protein Interactions

1999 • 36 citations

The Conserved Core of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Is Essential for Association with Lck and for Enhanced Viral Replication in T-Lymphocytes

1999 • 35 citations

HIV-1 Nef Protein Downregulation of CD4 Surface Expression: Relevance of the Ick Binding Domain of CD4

1995 • 35 citations

Induction of Fas Ligand Expression by an Acutely Lethal Simian Immunodeficiency Virus, SIVsmmPBj14

1998 • 34 citations

Induction of phosphorylation of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and enhancement of CD4 downregulation by phorbol myristate acetate

1997 • 33 citations

Activation Pathways and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication Are Not Altered in CD4⁺T Cells Expressing thenefProtein

1992 • 31 citations

Molecular analysis of the cytoplasmic domain of CD4: overlapping but noncompetitive requirement for lck association and down-regulation by Nef.

1996 • 30 citations

Regulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Nef Protein by Phosphorylation

1994 • 30 citations

HIV‐1 Nef protein: Purification, crystallizations, and preliminary X‐ray diffraction studies

1997 • 26 citations

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef protein functions as a protein kinase C substrate in vitro

1995 • 25 citations

Virological Importance of the Protease-Cleavage Site in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Nef Is Independent of both Intravirion Processing and CD4 Down-regulation

1998 • 25 citations

The HIV-1 nef gene product is associated with phosphorylation of a 46 kD cellular protein

1992 • 21 citations

Evidence for intact CD28 signaling in T cell hyporesponsiveness induced by the HIV‐1 nef gene

1996 • 21 citations

Interference of HIV-1 Nef in the sphingomyelin transduction pathway activated by tumour necrosis factor-α in human glial cells

1997 • 21 citations

Nef and the Nef-associated kinase

1997 • 18 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef does not alter T-cell sensitivity to antigen-specific stimulation

1997 • 16 citations

Nef protein of HIV-1 is a transcriptional repressor of HIV-1LTR

1988 • 14 citations

Role of HIV-1 Nef Expression in Activation Pathways in CD4⁺T Cells

1994 • 13 citations

The Primate Lentivirus-Encoded Nef Protein Can Regulate Several Steps of the Viral Replication Cycle

1999 • 13 citations

Costimulatory Pathways in Lymphocyte Proliferation Induced by the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVsmmPBj14

1998 • 11 citations

Lack of negative influence on the cellular transcription factors NF-κB and AP-1 by the Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1999 • 9 citations