DNA methylation and the regulation of gene transcription

DNA Methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b Are Essential for De Novo Methylation and Mammalian Development

1999 • 5,748 citations

Rett syndrome is caused by mutations in X-linked MECP2, encoding methyl-CpG-binding protein 2

1999 • 4,776 citations

Targeted mutation of the DNA methyltransferase gene results in embryonic lethality

1992 • 3,907 citations

Identification of a gene (FMR-1) containing a CGG repeat coincident with a breakpoint cluster region exhibiting length variation in fragile X syndrome

1991 • 3,422 citations

Transcriptional repression by the methyl-CpG-binding protein MeCP2 involves a histone deacetylase complex

1998 • 3,363 citations

Methylated DNA and MeCP2 recruit histone deacetylase to repress transcription

1998 • 2,686 citations

CpG island methylator phenotype in colorectal cancer

1999 • 2,476 citations

Cancer-epigenetics comes of age

1999 • 2,379 citations

Genomic imprinting: parental influence on the genome

2001 • 2,253 citations

DNA Methylation and Gene Function

1980 • 2,069 citations

Alterations in DNA Methylation: A Fundamental Aspect of Neoplasia

1997 • 1,960 citations

Cytosine methylation and the ecology of intragenomic parasites

1997 • 1,906 citations

DNA Modification Mechanisms and Gene Activity During Development

1975 • 1,859 citations

Incidence and functional consequences of hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation in colorectal carcinoma

1998 • 1,852 citations

Cellular differentiation, cytidine analogs and DNA methylation

1980 • 1,803 citations

Role for DNA methylation in genomic imprinting

1994 • 1,695 citations

DNA hypermethylation in tumorigenesis: epigenetics joins genetics

2000 • 1,628 citations

A mouse Mecp2-null mutation causes neurological symptoms that mimic Rett syndrome

2001 • 1,502 citations

A progressive syndrome of autism, dementia, ataxia, and loss of purposeful hand use in girls: Rett's syndrome: Report of 35 cases

1983 • 1,481 citations

Purification, sequence, and cellular localization of a novel chromosomal protein that binds to Methylated DNA

1992 • 1,331 citations

X inactivation, differentiation, and DNA methylation

1975 • 1,283 citations

MeCP2 Is a Transcriptional Repressor with Abundant Binding Sites in Genomic Chromatin

1997 • 1,258 citations

Deficiency of methyl-CpG binding protein-2 in CNS neurons results in a Rett-like phenotype in mice

2001 • 1,241 citations

Methylation of the oestrogen receptor CpG island links ageing and neoplasia in human colon

1994 • 1,205 citations

Promoter Hypermethylation and BRCA1 Inactivation in Sporadic Breast and Ovarian Tumors

2000 • 1,182 citations

Genomic imprinting in mammalian development: a parental tug-of-war

1991 • 1,178 citations

Multiple new phenotypes induced in and 3T3 cells treated with 5-azacytidine

1979 • 1,101 citations

Temporal and regional changes in DNA methylation in the embryonic, extraembryonic and germ cell lineages during mouse embryo development

1987 • 1,088 citations

Analysis of the NuRD subunits reveals a histone deacetylase core complex and a connection with DNA methylation

1999 • 1,068 citations

The Inheritance of Epigenetic Defects

1987 • 1,058 citations

A targeting sequence directs DNA methyltransferase to sites of DNA replication in mammalian nuclei

1992 • 1,027 citations

DNMT1 binds HDAC2 and a new co-repressor, DMAP1, to form a complex at replication foci

2000 • 1,024 citations

DNMT1 forms a complex with Rb, E2F1 and HDAC1 and represses transcription from E2F-responsive promoters

2000 • 938 citations

Hhal methyltransferase flips its target base out of the DNA helix

1994 • 936 citations

DNA Repair Enzymes

1982 • 905 citations

MBD2 is a transcriptional repressor belonging to the MeCP1 histone deacetylase complex

1999 • 898 citations

Human DNA-(Cytosine-5) Methyltransferase-PCNA Complex as a Target for p21 ^WAF1

1997 • 895 citations

Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding DNA methyltransferase of mouse cells

1988 • 891 citations

Helper T Cell Differentiation Is Controlled by the Cell Cycle

1998 • 862 citations

The human DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) 1, 3a and 3b: coordinate mRNA expression in normal tissues and overexpression in tumors

1999 • 830 citations

Mi-2 complex couples DNA methylation to chromatin remodelling and histone deacetylation

1999 • 806 citations

De novo DNA cytosine methyltransferase activities in mouse embryonic stem cells

1996 • 784 citations

5-Methylcytosine in Eukaryotic DNA

1981 • 744 citations

Developmental pattern of gene-specific DNA methylation in the mouse embryo and germ line.

1992 • 729 citations

The DNMT3B DNA methyltransferase gene is mutated in the ICF immunodeficiency syndrome

1999 • 714 citations

Reactivation of an Inactive Human X Chromosome: Evidence for X Inactivation by DNA Methylation

1981 • 711 citations

Modulation of Chromatin Structure Regulates Cytokine Gene Expression during T Cell Differentiation

1998 • 697 citations

Loss of genomic methylation causes p53-dependent apoptosis and epigenetic deregulation

2001 • 687 citations

X-chromosome inactivation: counting, choice and initiation

2001 • 678 citations

Genomic Imprinting Disrupted by a Maternal Effect Mutation in the Dnmt1 Gene

2001 • 675 citations

Identification of a mammalian protein that binds specifically to DNA containing methylated CpGs

1989 • 655 citations

The DNA methylation paradox

1999 • 642 citations

GENOMIC IMPRINTING IN MAMMALS

1997 • 641 citations

DNA methylation in the human γδβ-globin locus in erythroid and nonerythroid tissues

1980 • 634 citations

Biallelic inactivation of hMLH 1 by epigenetic gene silencing, a novel mechanism causing human MSI cancers

1998 • 629 citations

The thymine glycosylase MBD4 can bind to the product of deamination at methylated CpG sites

1999 • 624 citations

A mammalian protein with specific demethylase activity for mCpG DNA

1999 • 624 citations

Mutations in a putative global transcriptional regulator cause X-linked mental retardation with α-thalassemia (ATR-X syndrome)

1995 • 604 citations

Methylation-Sensitive Sequence-Specific DNA Binding by the c-Myc Basic Region

1991 • 596 citations

Dissection of the methyl-CpG binding domain from the chromosomal protein MeCP2

1993 • 584 citations

Angelman and Prader‐Willi syndromes share a common chromosome 15 deletion but differ in parental origin of the deletion

1989 • 575 citations

CpG methylation of the cAMP-responsive enhancer/promoter sequence TGACGTCA abolishes specific factor binding as well as transcriptional activation.

1989 • 554 citations

Evidence for impaired t cell dna methylation in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis

1990 • 546 citations

Dnmt3a binds deacetylases and is recruited by a sequence-specific repressor to silence transcription

2001 • 540 citations

Genomic imprinting in mammalian development: a parental tug-of-war

1991 • 539 citations

X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION IN MAMMALS

1997 • 524 citations

Parent-Specific Gene Expression and the Triploid Endosperm

1989 • 519 citations

Closely related proteins MBD2 and MBD3 play distinctive but interacting roles in mouse development

2001 • 510 citations

Predictive motifs derived from cytosine methyltransferases

1989 • 505 citations

Genomic 5-methyldeoxycytidine decreases with age.

1987 • 504 citations

Covalent bond formation between a DNA-cytosine methyltransferase and DNA containing 5-azacytosine.

1984 • 500 citations

Mutations in ATRX, encoding a SWI/SNF-like protein, cause diverse changes in the pattern of DNA methylation

2000 • 494 citations

Alternative chromatin structure at CpG islands

1990 • 480 citations

Allele-specific hypermethylation of the retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene.

1991 • 467 citations

DNA methylation and the regulation of globin gene expression

1983 • 451 citations

Histone deacetylases: silencers for hire

2000 • 429 citations

CpG methylation inhibits proenkephalin gene expression and binding of the transcription factor AP-2

1990 • 426 citations

Changes in DNA Methylation in Neoplasia: Pathophysiology and Therapeutic Implications

2001 • 414 citations

Hydralazine and procainamide inhibit T cell DNA methylation and induce autoreactivity.

1988 • 413 citations

Cloning, expression and chromosome locations of the human DNMT3 gene family

1999 • 412 citations

Dnmt2 is not required for de novo and maintenance methylation of viral DNA in embryonic stem cells

1998 • 408 citations

Use of restriction enzymes to detect potential gene sequences in mammalian DNA

1987 • 387 citations

Insulators and Boundaries: Versatile Regulatory Elements in the Eukaryotic Genome

2001 • 386 citations

Specific DNA methylation sites in the vicinity of the chicken β-globin genes

1979 • 365 citations

Genomic Imprinting: Implications for Human Disease

1999 • 363 citations

DNA Hypomethylation Perturbs the Function and Survival of CNS Neurons in Postnatal Animals

2001 • 359 citations

DNA methylation: organ specific variations in the methylation pattern within and around ovalbumin and other chicken genes

1979 • 356 citations

DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferases in mouse cells and tissues. studies with a mechanism-based probe

1997 • 353 citations

DNA methylation represses transcription in vivo

1999 • 348 citations

DNA Methylation Specifies Chromosomal Localization of MeCP2

1996 • 343 citations

Sex-specific exons control DNA methyltransferase in mammalian germ cells

1998 • 332 citations

Acetylated histones are associated with FMR1 in normal but not fragile X-syndrome cells

1999 • 320 citations

CpG-Island Methylation in Aging and Cancer

2000 • 302 citations

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome: imprinting in clusters revisited

2000 • 299 citations

De Novo Methylation of CpG Island Sequences in Human Fibroblasts Overexpressing DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase

1996 • 290 citations

An embryonic-like methylation pattern of classical satellite DNA is observed in ICF syndrome

1993 • 281 citations

A candidate mammalian DNA methyltransferase related to pmt1p of fission yeast

1998 • 274 citations

In vitro methylation of the hamster adenine phosphoribosyltransferase gene inhibits its expression in mouse L cells.

1982 • 271 citations

DNA methylation at a CCGG sequence in the large intron of the rabbit β-globin gene: tissue-specific variations

1978 • 268 citations

X Inactivation in the Mouse Embryo Deficient for Dnmt1: Distinct Effect of Hypomethylation on Imprinted and Random X Inactivation

2000 • 265 citations

The activity of the murine DNA methyltransferase Dnmt1 is controlled by interaction of the catalytic domain with the N-terminal part of the enzyme leading to an allosteric activation of the enzyme after binding to methylated DNA

2001 • 258 citations

Active Repression of Methylated Genes by the Chromosomal Protein MBD1

2000 • 254 citations

Mechanisms of drug-induced lupus. II. T cells overexpressing lymphocyte function-associated antigen 1 become autoreactive and cause a lupuslike disease in syngeneic mice.

1996 • 233 citations

Somatic inactivation of the VHL gene in Von Hippel-Lindau disease tumors.

1997 • 217 citations

Mechanism of drug-induced lupus. I. Cloned Th2 cells modified with DNA methylation inhibitors in vitro cause autoimmunity in vivo.

1995 • 209 citations

Sp1 binding is inhibited by mCpmCpG methylation

1997 • 207 citations

Differentiation of the T helper phenotypes by analysis of the methylation state of the IFN-gamma gene.

1994 • 203 citations

Mechanisms of genomic imprinting

1999 • 203 citations

Cytosine methylation does not affect binding of transcription factor Sp1.

1988 • 201 citations

The Proximal Regulatory Element of the Interferon-γ Promoter Mediates Selective Expression in T Cells

1996 • 200 citations

Distribution of 5-methylcytosine in chromatin.

1977 • 196 citations

Aging, DNA methylation and cancer

1999 • 188 citations

DNA demethylation

1999 • 185 citations

Unmethlated domains in vertebrate DNA

1983 • 173 citations

Distinct Methylation of the Interferon γ (IFN-γ) and Interleukin 3 (IL-3) Genes in Newly Activated Primary CD8+ T Lymphocytes: Regional IFN-γ Promoter Demethylation and mRNA Expression Are Heritable in CD44highCD8+ T Cells

1998 • 171 citations

5-Methylcytosine DNA glycosylase activity is also present in the human MBD4 (G/T mismatch glycosylase) and in a related avian sequence

2000 • 167 citations

The 5-methylcytosine in DNA of rats. Tissue and age specificity and the changes induced by hydrocortisone and other agents.

1973 • 167 citations

Chromatin Remodeling by the T Cell Receptor (Tcr)-β Gene Enhancer during Early T Cell Development

2000 • 161 citations

Regulation of Interferon-γ Gene Expression

1996 • 160 citations

Nuclear extracts of chicken embryos promote an active demethylation of DNA by excision repair of 5-methyldeoxycytidine.

1993 • 160 citations

Dynamics of demethylation and activation of the α-actin gene in myoblasts

1990 • 159 citations

Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Upregulates DNA Methyltransferase, Resulting in De Novo Methylation of the Gamma Interferon (IFN-γ) Promoter and Subsequent Downregulation of IFN-γ Production

1998 • 159 citations

DNA methylation in aging of mice

1987 • 157 citations

Cutting Edge: Chromatin Remodeling at the IL-4/IL-13 Intergenic Regulatory Region for Th2-Specific Cytokine Gene Cluster

2000 • 152 citations

Effect of an inhibitor of DNA methylation on T cells. II. 5-azacytidine induces self-reactivity in antigen-specific T4+ cells

1986 • 149 citations

Genomic imprinting in mammals: an interplay between chromatin and DNA methylation?

1999 • 147 citations

Unmethylated CpG islands associated with genes in higher plant DNA

1988 • 146 citations

CG dinucleotide clusters in MHC genes and in 5′ demethylated genes

1984 • 146 citations

MBD2‐MBD3 complex binds to hemi‐methylated DNA and forms a complex containing DNMT1 at the replication foci in late S phase

2000 • 145 citations

Immunodeficiency, centromeric heterochromatin instability of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16, and facial anomalies: the ICF syndrome.

1988 • 144 citations

Hypermethylation in the retinoblastoma gene is associated with unilateral, sporadic retinoblastoma

1997 • 142 citations

Prader-Willi and Angelman Syndromes: Disorders of Genomic Imprinting

1998 • 141 citations

Asymmetrical distribution of CpG in an ‘average’ mammalian gene

1982 • 140 citations

Methylation of reiterated sequences in mammalian DNAs Effects of the tissue type, age, malignancy and hormonal induction

1981 • 140 citations

Role for DNA methylation in genomic imprinting

1993 • 132 citations

Mechanisms of DNA Demethylation in Chicken Embryos

1995 • 129 citations

Sequence conservation and variability of imprinting in the Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome gene cluster in human and mouse

2000 • 128 citations

Effects of 5-azacytidine and its 2′-deoxyderivative on cell differentiation and DNA methylation

1985 • 116 citations

Developmental activation of the H-2K gene is correlated with an increase in DNA methylation

1983 • 115 citations

Hypomethylation of the interferon‐γ gene correlates with its expression by primary T‐lineage cells

1995 • 113 citations

Mechanisms of Genomic Imprinting

2000 • 110 citations

The Minimal Repression Domain of MBD2b Overlaps with the Methyl-CpG-binding Domain and Binds Directly to Sin3A

2000 • 108 citations

Genomic structure and chromosomal mapping of the murine and human Mbd1, Mbd2, Mbd3, and Mbd4 genes

1999 • 104 citations

Histone deacetylase-independent transcriptional repression by methyl-CpG-binding protein 2

2000 • 102 citations

Methylation patterns of immunoglobulin genes in lymphoid cells: correlation of expression and differentiation with undermethylation.

1983 • 101 citations

5-Methylcytosine content of DNA in blood, synovial mononuclear cells and synovial tissue from patients affected by autoimmune rheumatic diseases

1991 • 98 citations

The Host Defence Function of Genomic Methylation Patterns

2007 • 98 citations

Methylation of Class IItrans-Activator Promoter IV: A Novel Mechanism of MHC Class II Gene Control

2000 • 95 citations

Quantitative changes in T cell DNA methylation occur during differentiation and ageing

1990 • 91 citations

Deletion of Germline Promoter PDβ1 from the TCRβ Locus Causes Hypermethylation that Impairs Dβ1 Recombination by Multiple Mechanisms

2000 • 89 citations

DNA Demethylation Reactivates a Subset of Imprinted Genes in Uniparental Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts

2001 • 88 citations

Inactivation of Misselected CD8 T Cells by CD8 Gene Methylation and Cell Death

1999 • 87 citations

Do we understand the evolution of genomic imprinting?

1998 • 86 citations

Methylation status and transcriptional expression of the MHC class I loci in human trophoblast cells from term placenta.

1995 • 83 citations

The (epi)genetic control of mammalian X-chromosome inactivation

1997 • 79 citations

Overexpression of 5-methylcytosine DNA glycosylase in human embryonic kidney cells EcR293 demethylates the promoter of a hormone-regulated reporter gene

2001 • 78 citations

Segmentation of human chromosomes induced by 5-ACR (5-azacytidine)

1976 • 77 citations

Lack of CIITA expression is central to the absence of antigen presentation functions of trophoblast cells and is caused by methylation of the IFN-γ inducible promoter (PIV) of CIITA

2000 • 73 citations

Decreased methylation of the major mouse long interspersed repeated DNA during aging and in myeloma cells

1986 • 71 citations

Transcriptional control: Imprinting insulation

2000 • 71 citations

Biochemical and functional analyses of chromatin changes at the TCR-beta gene locus during CD4-CD8- to CD4+CD8+ thymocyte differentiation.

1998 • 69 citations

Demethylated CD8 Gene in CD4⁺T Cells Suggests that CD4⁺Cells Develop from CD8⁺Precursors

1988 • 68 citations

Host defenses to parasitic sequences and the evolution of epigenetic control mechanisms

2000 • 67 citations

Biological Significance of DNA Methylation in the Ageing Process

1993 • 67 citations

CD4+ cells treated with DNA methylation inhibitors induce autologous B cell differentiation

1990 • 66 citations

A chicken embryo protein related to the mammalian DEAD box protein p68 is tightly associated with the highly purified protein-RNA complex of 5-MeC-DNA glycosylase

1999 • 62 citations

Demethylation of DNA by purified chick embryo 5-methylcytosine-DNA glycosylase requires both protein and RNA

1997 • 60 citations

Expression of the J chain gene during B cell differentiation is inversely correlated with DNA methylation.

1981 • 58 citations

The DNMT1 Target Recognition Domain Resides in the N Terminus

2001 • 56 citations

Age-associated changes in DNA methylation and mRNA level of the c-myc gene in spleen and liver of mice

1989 • 52 citations

Overexpression of DNA Methyltransferase in Myoblast Cells Accelerates Myotube Formation

1995 • 49 citations

Effect of an inhibitor of DNA methylation on T cells. I. 5-Azacytidine induces T4 expression on T8+ T cells.

1986 • 46 citations

Imprinting: focusing on the center

2000 • 44 citations

Choice of enzymes for mapping based on CpG islands in the human genome

1992 • 43 citations

Unexpected Effects of a Heterozygous Dnmt1 Null Mutation on Age-Dependent DNA Hypomethylation and Autoimmunity

2001 • 43 citations

Remethylation at sites 5' of the murine Lyt-2 gene in association with shutdown of Lyt-2 expression.

1988 • 42 citations

Genomic Imprinting, Uniparental Disomy and Foetal Growth

2000 • 42 citations

Overexpression of DNA Methyltransferase in Myoblast Cells Accelerates Myotube Formation

1995 • 41 citations

Developmental Biology: Frontiers for Clinical Genetics: Overgrowth syndromes and genomie imprinting: from mouse to man

1998 • 40 citations

Control of Organ-specific Demethylation by an Element of the T-cell Receptor-α Locus Control Region

2000 • 40 citations

Methylation of the c-myc gene changes during aging process of mice

1986 • 36 citations

Methylation of repetitive DNA sequences in the brain during aging of the rat

1989 • 36 citations

CpG islands and HTF islands in the HLA class I region: investigation of the methylation status of class I genes leads to precise physical mapping of the HLA-B and -C genes

1988 • 36 citations

Methylation of the HLA-DR alpha gene is positively correlated with expression

1987 • 36 citations

Endogenous virus genomes become hypomethylated tissue—Specifically during aging process of C57BL mice

1989 • 33 citations

IL-4 and Prostaglandin E2 inhibit hypomethylation of the 5′ regulatory region of IFN-γ gene during differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells

1998 • 32 citations

Mechanisms of genomic imprinting

2000 • 32 citations

Expression of an alternative Dnmt1 isoform during muscle differentiation.

2000 • 32 citations

Uudermethylation of interferon-γ gene in human T cell lines and normal T lymphocytes

1986 • 28 citations

Distinct methylation states of the CD8 beta gene in peripheral T cells and intraepithelial lymphocytes.

1997 • 27 citations

CD4+, but not CD8+, T cells from mammary tumor-bearing mice have a down-regulated production of IFN-gamma: role of phosphatidyl serine.

1998 • 26 citations

Identification of a mammalian protein that binds specifically to DNA containing methylated CpGs

1989 • 22 citations

Lack of correlation between hypomethylation and expression of the HLA‐DRα gene

1986 • 22 citations

Methylation patterns of the T cell receptor beta-chain gene in T cells, large granular lymphocytes, B cells, and monocytes.

1988 • 22 citations

Pausing for Thought on the Boundaries of Imprinting

2000 • 21 citations

Methylation patterns of HLA-DR alpha genes in six mononuclear cell lines

1986 • 19 citations

Specific demethylation of the CD4 gene during CD4 T lymphocyte differentiation

1997 • 15 citations

Developmental and tissue-specific regulation of the Q10 class I gene by DNA methylation.

1986 • 14 citations

X-chromosome inactivation: lessons from transgenic mice

2000 • 13 citations

Heritable high frequency modulation of antigen expression in neoplastic cells exposed to 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine or hydroxyurea: analysis and implications.

1988 • 10 citations

[Intragenomic specificity of DNA methylation in animals. Qualitative differences in tissues and changes in methylation of repeating sequences during aging, carcinogenesis and hormonal induction].

1980 • 8 citations

METHYLATION PATTERN OF THE HLA‐DRα GENE IN HUMAN TISSUES

1990 • 8 citations

Differential expression of the HLA-DR genes in various melanoma cell lines treated with interferon-γ: Methylation of the HLA-DRα gene in these lines is not correlated with its expression

1987 • 8 citations

Effect of 5‐azacytidine on the differentiation of human leukemia k‐562 cells

1986 • 7 citations

Coordinate change in phenotype in a mouse cell line selected forCD8 expression

1992 • 5 citations