Gene directed enzyme/prodrug therapy of cancer: Historical appraisal and future prospectives

In Vivo Gene Transfer with Retroviral Vector-Producer Cells for Treatment of Experimental Brain Tumors

1992 • 1,530 citations

Gene Transfer into Humans — Immunotherapy of Patients with Advanced Melanoma, Using Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes Modified by Retroviral Gene Transduction

1990 • 1,307 citations

The "bystander effect": tumor regression when a fraction of the tumor mass is genetically modified.

1993 • 1,097 citations

Tumor chemosensitivity conferred by inserted herpes thymidine kinase genes: paradigm for a prospective cancer control strategy.

1986 • 962 citations

Intercellular Trafficking and Protein Delivery by a Herpesvirus Structural Protein

1997 • 962 citations

Therapy of malignant brain tumors by intratumoral implantation of retroviral vector-producing cells

1997 • 694 citations

Differential activation of cyclophosphamide and ifosphamide by cytochromes P-450 2B and 3A in human liver microsomes.

1993 • 536 citations

Transfer of the bacterial gene for cytosine deaminase to mammalian cells confers lethal sensitivity to 5-fluorocytosine: a negative selection system.

1992 • 511 citations

Tumor immunogenicity is determined by the mechanism of cell death via induction of heat shock protein expression

1998 • 449 citations

Metabolism of 5-fluorocytosine to 5-fluorouracil in human colorectal tumor cells transduced with the cytosine deaminase gene: significant antitumor effects when only a small percentage of tumor cells express cytosine deaminase.

1994 • 420 citations

Gene Therapy for the Treatment of Brain Tumors Using Intra-Tumoral Transduction with the Thymidine Kinase Gene and Intravenous Ganciclovir. National Institutes of Health

1993 • 420 citations

Bystander killing of cancer cells by herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene is mediated by connexins.

1996 • 418 citations

Regression of established macroscopic liver metastases after in situ transduction of a suicide gene.

1993 • 380 citations

Targeting gene expression to hypoxic tumor cells

1997 • 373 citations

Bystander effect in herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase/ganciclovir cancer gene therapy: role of gap-junctional intercellular communication.

2000 • 347 citations

Systemic gene therapy of murine melanoma using tissue specific expression of the HSVtk gene involves an immune component.

1994 • 308 citations

In Situ Gene Therapy for Adenocarcinoma of the Prostate: A Phase I Clinical Trial

1999 • 306 citations

Intercellular delivery of functional p53 by the herpesvirus protein VP22

1998 • 285 citations

Creation of drug-specific herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase mutants for gene therapy.

1996 • 278 citations

A Phase I/II Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase “Suicide” Gene Therapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma

1998 • 268 citations

Gap junctions play a role in the 'bystander effect' of the herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir system in vitro.

1996 • 260 citations

A Phase 1-2 Clinical Trial of Gene Therapy for Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme by Tumor Transduction with the Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase Gene Followed by Ganciclovir

1999 • 252 citations

In vivo antitumor activity of 5-fluorocytosine on human colorectal carcinoma cells genetically modified to express cytosine deaminase.

1993 • 233 citations

Tumors expressing the cytosine deaminase suicide gene can be eliminated in vivo with 5-fluorocytosine and induce protective immunity to wild type tumor.

1994 • 224 citations

Combination gene therapy for liver metastasis of colon carcinoma in vivo.

1995 • 222 citations

Gap junction function and cancer.

1993 • 214 citations

The bioactivation of 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954)—I

1992 • 211 citations

The biochemistry and mechanism of action of acyclovir

1983 • 211 citations

Expression of the bacterial nitroreductase enzyme in mammalian cells renders them selectively sensitive to killing by the prodrug CB1954

1995 • 210 citations

The macrophage – a novel system to deliver gene therapy to pathological hypoxia

2000 • 208 citations

In vivo cancer gene therapy by adenovirus-mediated transfer of a bifunctional yeast cytosine deaminase/uracil phosphoribosyltransferase fusion gene.

2000 • 203 citations

Gene delivery to glioma cells in rat brain by grafting of a retrovirus packaging cell line

1990 • 195 citations

Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-induced apoptosis involves ligand-independent death receptor aggregation and activation of caspases

1999 • 194 citations

Generation of an anti-tumour immune response in a non-immunogenic tumour: HSVtk killing in vivo stimulates a mononuclear cell infiltrate and a Th1-like profile of intratumoural cytokine expression

1997 • 192 citations

Preclinical studies and clinical correlation of the effect of alkylating dose.

1988 • 188 citations

Gap junctions promote the bystander effect of herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase in vivo.

1997 • 181 citations

Oxidative metabolism of cyclophosphamide: identification of the hepatic monooxygenase catalysts of drug activation.

1989 • 179 citations

Superiority of yeast over bacterial cytosine deaminase for enzyme/prodrug gene therapy in colon cancer xenografts.

1999 • 175 citations

Enzyme/prodrug gene therapy: comparison of cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine versus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir enzyme/prodrug systems in a human colorectal carcinoma cell line.

1995 • 171 citations

In vivo gene therapy for alpha-fetoprotein-producing hepatocellular carcinoma by adenovirus-mediated transfer of cytosine deaminase gene.

1997 • 170 citations

A new cytotoxic, DNA interstrand crosslinking agent, 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-4-hydroxylamino-2-nitrobenzamide, is formed from 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB 1954) by a nitroreductase enzyme in walker carcinoma cells

1988 • 167 citations

Adenovirus-mediated gene therapy for human head and neck squamous cell cancer in a nude mouse model.

1995 • 163 citations

Glioma Cells Transduced with anEscherichia coliCD/HSV-1 TK Fusion Gene Exhibit Enhanced Metabolic Suicide and Radiosensitivity

1997 • 161 citations

A first step in the development of gene therapy for colorectal carcinoma: cloning, sequencing, and expression of Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase.

1993 • 161 citations

Intercellular delivery of thymidine kinase prodrug activating enzyme by the herpes simplex virus protein, VP22

1999 • 159 citations

Experimental Tumor Therapy in Mice Using the Cyclophosphamide-Activating Cytochrome P450 2B1 Gene

1994 • 156 citations

Oxidative activation of indole-3-acetic acids to cytotoxic species— a potential new role for plant auxins in cancer therapy11Abbreviations: IAA, indole-3-acetic acid; HRP, horseradish peroxidase; TBA, thiobarbituric acid; MPO, myeloperoxidase; MOI, 3-methylene-2-oxindole; BSO, buthionine sulphoximine; GSH, glutathione; CEA, carcinoembryonic antigen; ADEPT, antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy; PDEPT, polymer directed enzyme prodrug therapy; GDEPT, gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy; and …

2001 • 152 citations

Intratumoral activation and enhanced chemotherapeutic effect of oxazaphosphorines following cytochrome P-450 gene transfer: development of a combined chemotherapy/cancer gene therapy strategy.

1995 • 148 citations

Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Ganciclovir/Thymidine Kinase and 5-Fluorocytosine/Cytosine Deaminase Gene Therapies

1998 • 147 citations

Genetic Prodrug Activation Therapy for Breast Cancer: A Phase I Clinical Trial oferbB-2–Directed Suicide Gene Expression

1999 • 147 citations

The nitroreductase enzyme in walker cells that activates 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB 1954) to 5-(aziridin-1-YL)-4-hydroxylamino-2-nitrobenzamide is a form of NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) (EC 1.6.99.2)

1988 • 147 citations

Prodrug-activated gene therapy: involvement of an immunological component in the "bystander effect".

1996 • 146 citations

Immune system in suicide-gene therapy

1997 • 142 citations

The Bystander Effect of the Nitroreductase/CB 1954 Enzyme/Prodrug System Is Due to a Cell-Permeable Metabolite

1997 • 140 citations

Cure of Mice bearing Advanced Plasma Cell Tumours with Aniline Mustard : the Relationship between Glucuronidase Activity and Tumour Sensitivity

1966 • 139 citations

The “Bystander Effect”: Association of U-87 Cell Death with Ganciclovir-Mediated Apoptosis of Nearby Cells and Lack of Effect in Athymic Mice

1995 • 137 citations

2,4-Dinitro-5-ethyleneiminobenzamide (CB 1954): A potent and selective inhibitor of the growth of the Walker carcinoma 256

1969 • 133 citations

In vivo analysis of the 'bystander effect': a cytokine cascade.

1996 • 132 citations

Novel prodrugs which are activated to cytotoxic alkylating agents by carboxypeptidase G2

1990 • 132 citations

Gene therapy of glioblastoma multiforme via combined expression of suicide and cytokine genes: a pilot study in humans

1999 • 132 citations

The choice of prodrugs for gene directed enzyme prodrug therapy of cancer.

1995 • 131 citations

Intercellular trafficking of VP22-GFP fusion proteins

1999 • 129 citations

Gap junctions: the “kiss of death” and the “kiss of life”

2000 • 129 citations

Phase I Study of Direct Administration of a Replication Deficient Adenovirus Vector Containing theE. coliCytosine Deaminase Gene to Metastatic Colon Carcinoma of the Liver in Association with the Oral Administration of the Pro-Drug 5-Fluorocytosine. The New York Hospital-Cornell Medical Center, New York, NY

1997 • 120 citations

SUICIDE GENE THERAPY TOXICITY AFTER MULTIPLE AND REPEAT INJECTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH LOCALIZED PROSTATE CANCER

2000 • 117 citations

Treatment of Advanced CNS Malignancies with the Recombinant Adenovirus H5.010RSVTK: A Phase I Trial. University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia

1996 • 113 citations

Sensitization of colorectal and pancreatic cancer cell lines to the prodrug 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954) by retroviral transduction and expression of the E. coli nitroreductase gene.

1997 • 112 citations

Treatment of Experimental Human Mesothelioma Using Adenovirus Transfer of the Herpes Simplex Thymidine Kinase Gene

1995 • 110 citations

5-Fluorocytosine-induced eradication of murine adenocarcinomas engineered to express the cytosine deaminase suicide gene requires host immune competence and leaves an efficient memory.

1995 • 109 citations

Virus directed enzyme prodrug therapy for ovarian and pancreatic cancer using retrovirally delivered E. coli nitroreductase and CB1954

1998 • 108 citations

Adenoviral-mediated transfer of a heat-inducible double suicide gene into prostate carcinoma cells.

1998 • 104 citations

The bioactivation of 5-(aziridin-1-yl)-2,4-dinitrobenzamide (CB1954)—II

1992 • 104 citations

Enhancement of the Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase/Ganciclovir Bystander Effect and Its Antitumor Efficacy In Vivo by Pharmacologic Manipulation of Gap Junctions

1998 • 104 citations

Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy with a mustard prodrug/carboxypeptidase G2 combination.

1996 • 103 citations

Enhancement of tumor ablation by a selected HSV-1 thymidine kinase mutant

1999 • 102 citations

Monitoring gene therapy with cytosine deaminase: in vitro studies using tritiated-5-fluorocytosine.

1996 • 100 citations

Double Suicide Gene (Cytosine Deaminase and Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase) but Not Single Gene Transfer Allows Reliable Elimination of Tumor CellsIn Vivo

1998 • 99 citations

Human malignant brain tumor response to herpes simplex thymidine kinase (HSVtk)/ganciclovir gene therapy.

1996 • 99 citations

Sensitization of human breast cancer cells to cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide by transfer of a liver cytochrome P450 gene.

1996 • 96 citations

Virally directed cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine gene therapy enhances radiation response in human cancer xenografts.

1997 • 94 citations

Radiosensitization by 5-fluorocytosine of human colorectal carcinoma cells in culture transduced with cytosine deaminase gene.

1996 • 92 citations

Preferential cytotoxicity of cells transduced with cytosine deaminase compared to bystander cells after treatment with 5-flucytosine.

1998 • 92 citations

A Phase I/II Dose-Escalation Study of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Thymidine Kinase “Suicide” Gene Therapy for Metastatic Melanoma

1998 • 90 citations

Bystander Effects of Different Enzyme-Prodrug Systems for Cancer Gene Therapy Depend on Different Pathways for Intercellular Transfer of Toxic Metabolites, a Factor That Will Govern Clinical Choice of Appropriate Regimes

1997 • 88 citations

Molecular chemotherapy combined with radiation therapy enhances killing of cholangiocarcinoma cells in vitro and in vivo.

1997 • 86 citations

Development of a novel enzyme/prodrug combination for gene therapy of cancer: horseradish peroxidase/indole-3-acetic acid

2000 • 84 citations

Regional Delivery of an Adenovirus Vector Containing the Escherichia coli Cytosine Deaminase Gene to Provide Local Activation of 5-Fluorocytosine to Suppress the Growth of Colon Carcinoma Metastatic to Liver

1996 • 80 citations

Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy: pharmacokinetics and plasma levels of prodrug and drug in a phase I clinical trial

1997 • 80 citations

Enzyme/Prodrug Therapy for Head and Neck Cancer Using a Catalytically Superior Cytosine Deaminase

1999 • 78 citations

A cell surface tethered enzyme improves efficiency in gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy

1997 • 78 citations

Sensitisation of human carcinoma cells to the prodrug CB1954 by adenovirus vector-mediated expression ofE. coli nitroreductase

2000 • 78 citations

Antitumour prodrug development using cytochrome P450 (CYP) mediated activation.

1999 • 78 citations

Selective cell ablation in transgenic mice expressing E. coli nitroreductase

1997 • 76 citations

Enhanced tumor cell killing in the presence of ganciclovir by herpes simplex virus type 1 vector-directed coexpression of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase.

1998 • 76 citations

RNA Levels of Human Retrovirus Receptors Pit1 and Pit2 Do Not Correlate with Infectibility by Three Retroviral Vector Pseudotypes

1998 • 74 citations

Regional ‘pro-drug’ gene therapy: intravenous administration of an adenoviral vector expressing the E. coli cytosine deaminase gene and systemic administration of 5-fluorocytosine suppresses growth of hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma

1998 • 74 citations

In vivo efficacy and toxicity of 5-fluorocytosine/cytosine deaminase gene therapy for malignant gliomas mediated by adenovirus

2000 • 73 citations

Experimental Gene Therapy for Brain Tumors Using Adenovirus-Mediated Transfer of Cytosine Deaminase Gene and Uracil Phosphoribosyltransferase Gene with 5-Fluorocytosine

2000 • 73 citations

Diffusible cytotoxic metabolites contribute to the in vitro bystander effect associated with the cyclophosphamide/cytochrome P450 2B1 cancer gene therapy paradigm.

1995 • 71 citations

The expression of bacterial nitroreductase in transgenic mice results in specific cell killing by the prodrug CB1954

1997 • 71 citations

Suicide gene therapy for plasma cell tumors

1996 • 68 citations

Mustard Prodrugs for Activation by Escherichia coli Nitroreductase in Gene-Directed Enzyme Prodrug Therapy

1997 • 67 citations

Expression of Escherichia coli B nitroreductase in established human tumor xenografts in mice results in potent antitumoral and bystander effects upon systemic administration of the prodrug CB1954

2000 • 65 citations

Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy: quantitative bystander cytotoxicity and DNA damage induced by CB1954 in cells expressing bacterial nitroreductase

1998 • 65 citations

Free-Radical Intermediates and Stable Products in the Oxidation of Indole-3-acetic acid

1994 • 63 citations

An HSVtk-mediated local and distant antitumor bystander effect in tumors of head and neck origin in athymic mice.

1997 • 63 citations

Retinoids augment the bystander effect in vitro and in vivo in herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-mediated gene therapy

1997 • 62 citations

Pronounced antitumor effects and tumor radiosensitization of double suicide gene therapy.

1997 • 62 citations

Lack of Bystander Killing in Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase-Transduced Colon Cell Lines Due to Deficient Connexin43 Gap Junction Formation

1998 • 62 citations

Activation of the anti-cancer drug ifosphamide by rat liver microsomal P450 enzymes

1993 • 62 citations

Peroxidase-catalyzed effects of indole-3-acetic acid and analogues on lipid membranes, DNA, and mammalian cells in vitro

1999 • 60 citations

Toward targeted “oxidation therapy” of cancer: peroxidase-catalysed cytotoxicity of indole-3-acetic acids

1998 • 60 citations

Tumour-growth inhibitorynitrofphenylaziridines and related compounds structure-activity relationships

1969 • 59 citations

Physical characterisation of the Escherichia coli B gene encoding nitroreductase and its over-expression in Escherichia coli K12

1994 • 57 citations

Herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-mediated killing of tumor cell induces tumor-specific cytotoxic T cells in mice.

1997 • 56 citations

Comparison of the genotoxic and apoptosis-inducing properties of ganciclovir and penciclovir in Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus-1: Implications for gene therapeutic approaches

2000 • 56 citations

Bystander effect of purine nucleoside analogues in HSV-1tk suicide gene therapy is superior to that of pyrimidine nucleoside analogues

1999 • 55 citations

Gene therapy for malignant gliomas using replication incompetent retroviral and adenoviral vectors encoding the cytochrome P450 2B1 gene together with cyclophosphamide.

1996 • 53 citations

Tumour-growth inhibitory nitrophenylaziridines and related compounds: Structure-activity relationships. II

1971 • 52 citations

Transport of 5-fluorouracil and uracil into human erythrocytes

1993 • 52 citations

Gene therapy of hepatoma: bystander effects and non-apoptotic cell death induced by thymidine kinase and ganciclovir

1995 • 52 citations

Regressions of Established Breast Carcinoma Xenografts by Carboxypeptidase G2 Suicide Gene Therapy and the Prodrug CMDA Are Due to a Bystander Effect

2000 • 52 citations

Quantification of VP22-GFP spread by direct fluorescence in 15 commonly used cell lines

1999 • 51 citations

Cyclic-AMP induction of gap junctional intercellular communication increases bystander effect in suicide gene therapy.

1999 • 50 citations

Bystander effect in the adenovirus-mediated wild-type p53 gene therapy model of human squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.

1998 • 50 citations

Nitroreductase-mediated cell ablation is very rapid and mediated by a p53-independent apoptotic pathway

1999 • 49 citations

The Treatment of Ovarian Cancer with a Gene Modified Cancer Vaccine: A Phase I Study. Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana

1995 • 49 citations

Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT): choice of prodrugs

1996 • 48 citations

Production and characterization of a bicistronic Moloney-based retroviral vector expressing human interleukin 2 and herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase for gene therapy of cancer

1998 • 47 citations

Fractionated radiation therapy in combination with adenoviral delivery of the cytosine deaminase gene and 5-fluorocytosine enhances cytotoxic and antitumor effects in human colorectal and cholangiocarcinoma models

2000 • 46 citations

Comparative cytostatic activity of different antiherpetic drugs against herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene-transfected tumor cells.

1994 • 46 citations

Cytosine Deaminase/5-Fluorocytosine-Based Vaccination Against Liver Tumors: Evidence of Distant Bystander Effect

1999 • 46 citations

Mitochondrial amplification of death signals determines thymidine kinase/ganciclovir-triggered activation of apoptosis.

2000 • 45 citations

Alkylation and cleavage of DNA by carbon-centered radical metabolites

1993 • 45 citations

Investigation of alternative prodrugs for use with E. coli nitroreductase in 'suicide gene' approaches to cancer therapy.

1996 • 43 citations

A Family of Bicistronic Vectors to Enhance Both Local and Systemic Antitumor Effects of HSVtk or Cytokine Expression in a Murine Melanoma Model

1997 • 43 citations

Self-Immolative Anthracycline Prodrugs for Suicide Gene Therapy

1999 • 43 citations

Cytosine deaminase/5-fluorocytosine gene therapy can induce efficient anti-tumor effects and protective immunity in immunocompetent mice but not in athymic nude mice

1999 • 42 citations

Transduction of cytosine deaminase gene makes rat glioma cells highly sensitive to 5-fluorocytosine

1997 • 42 citations

Involvement of Fas (CD95/APO-1) and Fas ligand in apoptosis induced by ganciclovir treatment of tumor cells transduced with herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase

1999 • 41 citations

Human cytomegalovirus-induced DNA polymerase and its interaction with the triphosphates of 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-fluoro-beta-D-arabinofuranosyl)-5-methyluracil, -5-iodocytosine, and -5-methylcytosine

1985 • 40 citations

Combined suicide gene therapy for human colon cancer cells using adenovirus-mediated transfer of Escherichia coli cytosine deaminase gene and Escherichia coli uracil phosphoribosyltransferase gene with 5-fluorocytosine

2000 • 39 citations

Hypoglycemic Action of Indole-3-Acetic Acid by Mouth in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus.

1956 • 39 citations

Differential apoprotein loss of rat liver cytochromes P450 after their inactivation by 3,5-dicarbethoxy-2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine: A case for distinct proteolytic mechanisms?

1992 • 38 citations

Self-Immolative Nitrogen Mustard Prodrugs for Suicide Gene Therapy

1998 • 37 citations

HSV-tk Gene Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Enhancement by the Local and Distant Bystander Effect

1996 • 37 citations

Efficacy of adenovirus-mediated CD/5-FC and HSV-1 thymidine kinase/ganciclovir suicide gene therapies concomitant with p53 gene therapy.

1999 • 37 citations

Cytosine deaminase suicide gene therapy for peritoneal carcinomatosis

2000 • 35 citations

Adenoviral transduction of a cytosine deaminase/thymidine kinase fusion gene into prostate carcinoma cells enhances prodrug and radiation sensitivity

1999 • 35 citations

Comparison of Gene Therapy with the Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase Gene and the Bacterial Cytosine Deaminase Gene for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

1999 • 34 citations

Killing Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive B Lymphocytes by Gene Therapy: Comparing the Efficacy of Cytosine Deaminase and Herpes Simplex Virus Thymidine Kinase

1996 • 33 citations

Purified herpes simplex thymidine kinase retroviral particles. II. Influence of clinical parameters and bystander killing mechanisms

2000 • 33 citations

Peroxidase Activity May Play a Role in the Cytotoxic Effect of Indole Acetic Acid*

1997 • 33 citations

CYTOTOXICITY OF ADENOVIRAL-MEDIATED CYTOSINE DEAMINASE PLUS 5-FLUOROCYTOSINE GENE THERAPY IS SUPERIOR TO THYMIDINE KINASE PLUS ACYCLOVIR IN A HUMAN RENAL CELL CARCINOMA MODEL

1999 • 31 citations

Long-term survival of immunocompetent rats with intraperitoneal colon carcinoma tumors using herpes simplex thymidine kinase/ganciclovir and IL-2 treatments

1997 • 30 citations

Anti-tumor immunity is involved in the thymidine kinase-mediated killing of tumors induced by activated Ki-ras(G12V).

1996 • 30 citations

In vitro and in vivo effects of retrovirus-mediated transfer of the connexin 43 gene in malignant gliomas: consequences for HSVtk/GCV anticancer gene therapy

1998 • 30 citations

Long-term connexin-mediated bystander effect in highly tumorigenic human cells in vivo in herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase/ganciclovir gene therapy

1998 • 28 citations

Treatment of thyroid carcinoma cells with four different suicide gene/prodrug combinations in vitro.

1998 • 27 citations

Molecular Chemotherapy for Breast Cancer

1999 • 27 citations

The Immune Response Elicited by Mammary Adenocarcinoma Cells Transduced with Interferon-γand Cytosine Deaminase Genes Cures Lung Metastases by Parental Cells

1998 • 26 citations

The clinical rationale for S-phase radiosensitization in human tumors

1993 • 26 citations

Combined Radiation and Enzyme/Prodrug Treatment for Head and Neck Cancer in an Orthotopic Animal Model

1999 • 26 citations

Superior cytostatic activity of the ganciclovir elaidic acid ester due to the prolonged intracellular retention of ganciclovir anabolites in herpes simplex virus type 1 thymidine kinase gene-transfected tumor cells

1998 • 26 citations

Selective radiosensitization of 9L glioma in the brain transduced with double suicide fusion gene.

1998 • 26 citations

Gene therapy against cancer and HIV infection using the gene encoding herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase

1996 • 26 citations

The nitroreductase/CB1954 combination in Epstein-Barr virus-positive B-cell lines: Induction of bystander killing in vitro and in vivo

2000 • 23 citations

Gene therapy for glioblestome multiforme: in vivo tumor transduction with the herpes simplex thymidine kinase gene followed by ganciclovir

1997 • 20 citations

Adenovirus-mediated combined suicide gene and interleukin-2 gene therapy for the treatment of established tumor and induction of antitumor immunity

1998 • 19 citations

Differential chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells to ganciclovir treatment following adenovirus-mediated herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase gene transfer

1999 • 18 citations

Enhanced antitumoral effect of adenovirus-mediated cytosine deaminase gene therapy by induction of antigen-presenting cells through stem cell factor/granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene transfer

2000 • 18 citations

Selective inactivation of rat liver cytochromes P-450 by 21-chlorinated steroids.

1989 • 18 citations

Combined cytosine deaminase expression, 5-fluorocytosine exposure, and radiotherapy increases cytotoxicity to cholangiocarcinoma cells

1998 • 18 citations

Actions of HSVtk and connexin43 gene delivery on gap junctional communication and drug sensitization in hepatocellular carcinoma

1998 • 14 citations

Differential efficacy of suicide gene therapy by herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase gene reflects the status of p53 gene in human esophageal cancer cells.

2000 • 12 citations

Analysis of antibody-enzyme conjugate clearance by investigation of prodrug and active drug in an ADEPT clinical study

1994 • 11 citations

cAMP stimulates the bystander effect in suicide gene therapy of human choriocarcinoma.

1998 • 9 citations

Selective augmentation of radiation effects by 5-fluorocytosine on murine B16(F10) melanoma cells transfected with cytosine deaminase gene.

1997 • 5 citations