Delivery of bioactive molecules into the cell: the Trojan horse approach

Direct Gene Transfer into Mouse Muscle in Vivo

1990 • 3,985 citations

Cellular uptake of the tat protein from human immunodeficiency virus

1988 • 2,690 citations

A short amino acid sequence able to specify nuclear location

1984 • 2,529 citations

In Vivo Protein Transduction: Delivery of a Biologically Active Protein into the Mouse

1999 • 2,410 citations

Progress and problems with the use of viral vectors for gene therapy

2003 • 2,389 citations

A Truncated HIV-1 Tat Protein Basic Domain Rapidly Translocates through the Plasma Membrane and Accumulates in the Cell Nucleus

1997 • 2,291 citations

Magainins, a class of antimicrobial peptides from Xenopus skin: isolation, characterization of two active forms, and partial cDNA sequence of a precursor.

1987 • 2,216 citations

The third helix of the Antennapedia homeodomain translocates through biological membranes.

1994 • 1,964 citations

Tat peptide-derivatized magnetic nanoparticles allow in vivo tracking and recovery of progenitor cells

2000 • 1,723 citations

Arginine-rich Peptides

2001 • 1,582 citations

The design, synthesis, and evaluation of molecules that enable or enhance cellular uptake: Peptoid molecular transporters

2000 • 1,549 citations

Autonomous functional domains of chemically synthesized human immunodeficiency virus tat trans-activator protein

1988 • 1,488 citations

X-ray and NMR structure of human Bcl-xL, an inhibitor of programmed cell death

1996 • 1,456 citations

Cell-penetrating Peptides

2002 • 1,392 citations

Sequence requirements for nuclear location of simian virus 40 large-T antigen

1984 • 1,278 citations

Neurodegeneration Prevented by Lentiviral Vector Delivery of GDNF in Primate Models of Parkinson's Disease

2000 • 1,255 citations

Tat-mediated delivery of heterologous proteins into cells.

1994 • 1,203 citations

Cell Internalization of the Third Helix of the Antennapedia Homeodomain Is Receptor-independent

1996 • 1,047 citations

Polyarginine enters cells more efficiently than other polycationic homopolymers

2000 • 1,037 citations

Survival and differentiation of adult neuronal progenitor cells transplanted to the adult brain.

1995 • 1,014 citations

Why and how are peptide–lipid interactions utilized for self-defense? Magainins and tachyplesins as archetypes

1999 • 984 citations

A peptide carrier for the delivery of biologically active proteins into mammalian cells

2001 • 984 citations

Treatment of Ischemic Brain Damage by Perturbing NMDA Receptor- PSD-95 Protein Interactions

2002 • 964 citations

Intercellular Trafficking and Protein Delivery by a Herpesvirus Structural Protein

1997 • 962 citations

Transduction of full-length TAT fusion proteins into mammalian cells: TAT-p27Kip1 induces cell migration

1998 • 933 citations

Inhibition of Nuclear Translocation of Transcription Factor NF-κB by a Synthetic Peptide Containing a Cell Membrane-permeable Motif and Nuclear Localization Sequence

1995 • 923 citations

High-Efficiency Intracellular Magnetic Labeling with Novel Superparamagnetic-Tat Peptide Conjugates

1999 • 880 citations

Receptor-mediated in vitro gene transformation by a soluble DNA carrier system.

1987 • 841 citations

TAT peptide on the surface of liposomes affords their efficient intracellular delivery even at low temperature and in the presence of metabolic inhibitors

2001 • 773 citations

Internalization of HIV-1 Tat Requires Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

2001 • 707 citations

Trojan peptides: the penetratin system for intracellular delivery

1998 • 707 citations

Selective Inhibition of NF-κB Activation by a Peptide That Blocks the Interaction of NEMO with the IκB Kinase Complex

2000 • 685 citations

Transferrin-polycation conjugates as carriers for DNA uptake into cells.

1990 • 657 citations

A peptide inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase protects against excitotoxicity and cerebral ischemia

2003 • 656 citations

Differentiation of adult hippocampus-derived progenitors into olfactory neurons in vivo

1996 • 626 citations

Cell penetration by transportan

1998 • 621 citations

Antennapedia homeobox peptide regulates neural morphogenesis.

1991 • 616 citations

CONTROL OF RNA INITIATION AND ELONGATION AT THE HIV-1 PROMOTER

1994 • 613 citations

Conjugation of arginine oligomers to cyclosporin A facilitates topical delivery and inhibition of inflammation

2000 • 598 citations

Novel Competitive Inhibitor of NAD(P)H Oxidase Assembly Attenuates Vascular O ₂ ⁻ and Systolic Blood Pressure in Mice

2001 • 598 citations

Permeability at the blood-brain and blood-nerve barriers of the neurotrophic factors: NGF, CNTF, NT-3, BDNF

1996 • 583 citations

Cell-Permeable Peptide Inhibitors of JNK

2001 • 581 citations

Cell penetrating PNA constructs regulate galanin receptor levels and modify pain transmission in vivo

1998 • 567 citations

Protein transduction: unrestricted delivery into all cells?

2000 • 560 citations

Opposing cardioprotective actions and parallel hypertrophic effects of δPKC and ɛPKC

2001 • 540 citations

Studies on the Internalization Mechanism of Cationic Cell-penetrating Peptides

2003 • 528 citations

Tachyplesin, a class of antimicrobial peptide from the hemocytes of the horseshoe crab (Tachypleus tridentatus). Isolation and chemical structure.

1988 • 526 citations

An oncogene isolated by transfection of Kaposi's sarcoma DNA encodes a growth factor that is a member of the FGF family

1987 • 525 citations

A new peptide vector for efficient delivery of oligonucleotides into mammalian cells

1997 • 508 citations

Protegrins: leukocyte antimicrobial peptides that combine features of corticostatic defensins and tachyplesins

1993 • 497 citations

Transduction peptides: from technology to physiology

2004 • 495 citations

Endocytosis and targeting of exogenous HIV-1 Tat protein.

1991 • 481 citations

Cell Membrane Lipid Rafts Mediate Caveolar Endocytosis of HIV-1 Tat Fusion Proteins

2003 • 463 citations

Structure of a Cholesterol-Binding, Thiol-Activated Cytolysin and a Model of Its Membrane Form

1997 • 459 citations

Detergent-insoluble glycolipid microdomains in lymphocytes in the absence of caveolae.

1994 • 449 citations

Stearylated Arginine-Rich Peptides: A New Class of Transfection Systems

2001 • 444 citations

Structural and functional characterization of human immunodeficiency virus tat protein

1989 • 444 citations

Cellular uptake of an α-helical amphipathic model peptide with the potential to deliver polar compounds into the cell interior non-endocytically

1998 • 436 citations

Caveolae Are Highly Immobile Plasma Membrane Microdomains, Which Are not Involved in Constitutive Endocytic Trafficking

2002 • 431 citations

Drug and gene targeting to the brain with molecular trojan horses

2002 • 430 citations

Possible Existence of Common Internalization Mechanisms among Arginine-rich Peptides

2002 • 429 citations

A Neuronal Isoform of CPEB Regulates Local Protein Synthesis and Stabilizes Synapse-Specific Long-Term Facilitation in Aplysia

2003 • 426 citations

Cell transfection in vitro and in vivo with nontoxic TAT peptide-liposome–DNA complexes

2003 • 419 citations

In VivoDelivery of a Bcl-xL Fusion Protein Containing the TAT Protein Transduction Domain Protects against Ischemic Brain Injury and Neuronal Apoptosis

2002 • 418 citations

Antennapedia and HIV Transactivator of Transcription (TAT) “Protein Transduction Domains” Promote Endocytosis of High Molecular Weight Cargo upon Binding to Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans

2003 • 417 citations

Prolonged delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor by adenovirus-infected Müller cells temporarily rescues injured retinal ganglion cells

1998 • 415 citations

Multifaceted Activities of the HIV-1 Transactivator of Transcription, Tat

1999 • 411 citations

Progress and prospects: naked DNA gene transfer and therapy

2003 • 399 citations

Peptide Helicity and Membrane Surface Charge Modulate the Balance of Electrostatic and Hydrophobic Interactions with Lipid Bilayers and Biological Membranes

1996 • 393 citations

Drug and Gene Delivery to the Brain

2002 • 387 citations

The angiogenesis induced by HIV–1 Tat protein is mediated by the Flk–1/KDR receptor on vascular endothelial cells

1996 • 382 citations

TAT-Mediated Protein Transduction into Mammalian Cells

2001 • 381 citations

Tackling tat

1999 • 375 citations

Synthetic protein transduction domains: enhanced transduction potential in vitro and in vivo.

2001 • 370 citations

Uptake of HIV-1 Tat protein mediated by low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein disrupts the neuronal metabolic balance of the receptor ligands

2000 • 370 citations

Human synapsin 1 gene promoter confers highly neuron-specific long-term transgene expression from an adenoviral vector in the adult rat brain depending on the transduced area

2003 • 359 citations

The Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1, a growth factor for AIDS Kaposi sarcoma and cytokine-activated vascular cells, induces adhesion of the same cell types by using integrin receptors recognizing the RGD amino acid sequence.

1993 • 355 citations

Selective CXCR4 antagonism by Tat: Implications forin vivoexpansion of coreceptor use by HIV-1

2000 • 352 citations

Neural transplantation for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

2003 • 350 citations

New Advances in the Transport of Doxorubicin through the Blood-Brain Barrier by a Peptide Vector-Mediated Strategy

2000 • 339 citations

Ability of the hydrophobic FGF and basic TAT peptides to promote cellular uptake of recombinant Cre recombinase: A tool for efficient genetic engineering of mammalian genomes

2002 • 335 citations

Expression of a Dominant Negative FGF Receptor Inhibits Axonal Growth and FGF Receptor Phosphorylation Stimulated by CAMs

1997 • 335 citations

A common E2F-1 and p73 pathway mediates cell death induced by TCR activation

2000 • 326 citations

Caveolae-Mediated internalization of extracellular HIV-1 tat fusion proteins visualized in real time

2003 • 323 citations

Differential Conjugation of Tat Peptide to Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles and Its Effect on Cellular Uptake

2002 • 321 citations

Arginine-Rich Molecular Transporters for Drug Delivery: Role of Backbone Spacing in Cellular Uptake

2002 • 317 citations

Selective killing of transformed cells by cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase 2 antagonists

1999 • 312 citations

Evidence for neurotoxic activity of tat from human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1991 • 305 citations

Cholesterol binding at the cholesterol recognition/ interaction amino acid consensus (CRAC) of the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor and inhibition of steroidogenesis by an HIV TAT-CRAC peptide

2001 • 303 citations

Cell surface adherence and endocytosis of protein transduction domains

2003 • 297 citations

Expression of bcl-2 From a Defective Herpes Simplex Virus–1 Vector Limits Neuronal Death in Focal Cerebral Ischemia

1995 • 297 citations

Interaction of the Mammalian Antibacterial Peptide Cecropin P1 with Phospholipid Vesicles

1995 • 297 citations

Uptake of analogs of penetratin, Tat(48–60) and oligoarginine in live cells

2003 • 296 citations

Solubility as a Function of Protein Structure and Solvent Components

1990 • 295 citations

Cargo delivery kinetics of cell-penetrating peptides

2001 • 294 citations

HIV-1 Tat transactivator recruits p300 and CREB-binding protein histone acetyltransferases to the viral promoter

1998 • 291 citations

Uptake of Protein by Mammalian Cells: An Underdeveloped Area

1968 • 290 citations

Gene therapy progress and prospects: adenoviral vectors

2003 • 289 citations

Specific gene transfer mediated by lactosylated poly-L-lysine into hepatoma cells

1993 • 288 citations

A tragic setback

2002 • 287 citations

Fibroblasts Genetically Modified to Produce Nerve Growth Factor Induce Robust Neuritic Ingrowth after Grafting to the Spinal Cord

1994 • 287 citations

Intercellular delivery of functional p53 by the herpesvirus protein VP22

1998 • 285 citations

Proline inhibits aggregation during protein refolding

2000 • 284 citations

Protein Transduction Domain of HIV-1 Tat Protein Promotes Efficient Delivery of DNA into Mammalian Cells

2001 • 284 citations

MCP‐1 (CCL2) protects human neurons and astrocytes from NMDA or HIV‐tat‐induced apoptosis

2003 • 282 citations

Hypo-phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) by cyclin D:Cdk4/6 complexes results in active pRb

1997 • 282 citations

Immunity to adenovirus and adeno-associated viral vectors: implications for gene therapy

2003 • 282 citations

Ex vivo expansion of human hematopoietic stem cells by direct delivery of the HOXB4 homeoprotein

2003 • 278 citations

Synthetic magainin analogues with improved antimicrobial activity

1988 • 277 citations

Calpain and Mitochondria in Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

2002 • 276 citations

Deletion analogues of transportan

2000 • 276 citations

VE-Cadherin-Derived Cell-Penetrating Peptide, pVEC, with Carrier Functions

2001 • 275 citations

Messenger proteins: homeoproteins, TAT and others

2000 • 274 citations

Tat Peptide Directs Enhanced Clearance and Hepatic Permeability of Magnetic Nanoparticles

2002 • 270 citations

Mutational analysis of the conserved basic domain of human immunodeficiency virus tat protein

1989 • 270 citations

Different mechanisms for cellular internalization of the HIV‐1 Tat‐derived cell penetrating peptide and recombinant proteins fused to Tat

2002 • 267 citations

Conjugates of antisense oligonucleotides with the Tat and antennapedia cell-penetrating peptides: effects on cellular uptake, binding to target sequences, and biologic actions.

2002 • 267 citations

Downregulation of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase leads to cell death via the nitric oxide-peroxynitrite pathway

1996 • 267 citations

Oligomers of the Arginine-rich Motif of the HIV-1 TAT Protein Are Capable of Transferring Plasmid DNA into Cells

2003 • 267 citations

Delineation of mRNA Export Pathways by the Use of Cell-Permeable Peptides

2001 • 266 citations

Rho-A Is Critical for Osteoclast Podosome Organization, Motility, and Bone Resorption

2000 • 265 citations

A novel integrin specificity exemplified by binding of the alpha v beta 5 integrin to the basic domain of the HIV Tat protein and vitronectin.

1993 • 264 citations

Human Urotensin II–Induced Contraction and Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation Are Mediated by RhoA and Rho-Kinase

2001 • 263 citations

Synthetic Smac/DIABLO Peptides Enhance the Effects of Chemotherapeutic Agents by Binding XIAP and cIAP1 in Situ

2002 • 263 citations

Bak BH3 Peptides Antagonize Bcl-xL Function and Induce Apoptosis through Cytochrome c-independent Activation of Caspases

1999 • 255 citations

Gene Expression Following Direct Injection of DNA into Liver

1994 • 254 citations

Prokaryotic Utilization of the Twin-Arginine Translocation Pathway: a Genomic Survey

2003 • 254 citations

Protein Kinase C- ξ is Responsible for the Protection of Preconditioning in Rabbit Cardiomyocytes

1999 • 253 citations

Cell-lytic and antibacterial peptides that act by perturbing the barrier function of membranes: facets of their conformational features, structure-function correlations and membrane-perturbing abilities

1994 • 251 citations

Mimicry of bioactive peptides via non-natural, sequence-specific peptidomimetic oligomers

2002 • 251 citations

Activation of RhoA and ROCK Are Essential for Detachment of Migrating Leukocytes

2001 • 250 citations

Downregulation of amyloid precursor protein inhibits neurite outgrowth in vitro.

1995 • 248 citations

Neuropathologies in Transgenic Mice Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Protein under the Regulation of the Astrocyte-Specific Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Promoter and Doxycycline

2003 • 244 citations

Controlling Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF)-stimulated Ras Activation in Intact Cells by a Cell-permeable Peptide Mimicking Phosphorylated EGF Receptor

1996 • 238 citations

Translocation of Liposomes into Cancer Cells by Cell-Penetrating Peptides Penetratin and Tat: A Kinetic and Efficacy Study

2002 • 236 citations

Histones and Basic Polyamino Acids Stimulate the Uptake of Albumin by Tumor Cells in Culture

1965 • 235 citations

A Potent New Class of Reductively Activated Peptide Gene Delivery Agents

2000 • 232 citations

Positively Charged DNA-Binding Proteins Cause Apparent Cell Membrane Translocation

2002 • 231 citations

The Antennapedia peptide penetratin translocates across lipid bilayers – the first direct observation

2000 • 231 citations

Effects in live cells of a c-myc anti-gene PNA linked to a nuclear localization signal

2000 • 230 citations

Branched Cationic Peptides for Gene Delivery: Role of Type and Number of Cationic Residues in Formation and in Vitro Activity of DNA Polyplexes

1999 • 227 citations

Sublytic concentrations of the membrane attack complex of complement induce endothelial interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 through nuclear factor-kappa B activation.

1997 • 227 citations

Cytolytic pore-forming proteins and peptides: is there a common structural motif?

1991 • 227 citations

Killing HIV-infected cells by transduction with an HIV protease-activated caspase-3 protein

1999 • 226 citations

TAT Peptide Internalization: Seeking the Mechanism of Entry

2003 • 226 citations

Translocation of a β-Peptide Across Cell Membranes

2001 • 225 citations

Dual mode of signal transduction by externally added acidic fibroblast growth factor

1994 • 223 citations

HIV-1 Tat reprograms immature dendritic cells to express chemoattractants for activated T cells and macrophages

2003 • 219 citations

Peptide-Mediated Gene Delivery: Influence of Peptide Structure on Gene Expression

1997 • 218 citations

PDX-1 Protein Containing Its Own Antennapedia-Like Protein Transduction Domain Can Transduce Pancreatic Duct and Islet Cells

2003 • 215 citations

Arginine-rich peptides: potential for intracellular delivery of macromolecules and the mystery of the translocation mechanisms

2002 • 214 citations

Cell-Dependent Differential Cellular Uptake of PNA, Peptides, and PNA-Peptide Conjugates

2002 • 214 citations

Safety Issues Related to Retroviral-Mediated Gene Transfer in Humans

1991 • 207 citations

Differential Regulation of Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor Protein by G₁ Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Complexes In Vivo

2001 • 207 citations

A Membrane Effect of Basic Polymers dependent on Molecular Size

1967 • 207 citations

Calcium Dysregulation and Neuronal Apoptosis by the HIV-1 Proteins Tat and gp120

2002 • 205 citations

Translocation of Analogues of the Antimicrobial Peptides Magainin and Buforin across Human Cell Membranes

2003 • 202 citations

Additive Protection of the Ischemic Heart Ex Vivo by Combined Treatment With δ-Protein Kinase C Inhibitor and ε-Protein Kinase C Activator

2003 • 202 citations

Redistribution and differential extraction of soluble proteins in permeabilized cultured cells Implications for immunofluorescence microscopy

1992 • 202 citations

Complexes of Plasmid DNA with Basic Domain 47-57 of the HIV-1 Tat Protein Are Transferred to Mammalian Cells by Endocytosis-mediated Pathways

2003 • 202 citations

A combinatorial approach to the discovery of efficient cationic peptoid reagents for gene delivery

1998 • 199 citations

Expression of naked DNA in human, pig, and mouse skin.

1996 • 198 citations

HIV‐Tat protein induces oxidative and inflammatory pathways in brain endothelium

2002 • 197 citations

Protection against ischemic brain injury by protein therapeutics

2002 • 196 citations

Interaction of HIV-1 Tat Protein with Heparin

1997 • 194 citations

Application of membrane-active peptides for nonviral gene delivery

1999 • 194 citations

Intravenous Nonviral Gene Therapy Causes Normalization of Striatal Tyrosine Hydroxylase and Reversal of Motor Impairment in Experimental Parkinsonism

2003 • 193 citations

Filamin-A Binds to the Carboxyl-terminal Tail of the Calcium-sensing Receptor, an Interaction That Participates in CaR-mediated Activation of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase

2001 • 192 citations

Charge-Dependent Translocation of the Trojan Peptide Penetratin across Lipid Membranes

2003 • 191 citations

In vitro and in vivo targeting of gene expression to melanoma cells.

1993 • 190 citations

The contrasting roles of ICE family proteases and interleukin-1beta in apoptosis induced by trophic factor withdrawal and by copper/zinc superoxide dismutase down-regulation.

1996 • 190 citations

HIV-1 Tat targets microtubules to induce apoptosis, a process promoted by the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 relative Bim

2002 • 189 citations

Regulation of NF-kappa B, AP-1, NFAT, and STAT1 nuclear import in T lymphocytes by noninvasive delivery of peptide carrying the nuclear localization sequence of NF-kappa B p50.

1998 • 187 citations

Cellular translocation of proteins by transportan

2001 • 183 citations

Conjugation of poly-L-lysine to albumin and horseradish peroxidase: a novel method of enhancing the cellular uptake of proteins.

1978 • 183 citations

Synthesis and Solution Structure of the Antimicrobial Peptide Protegrin‐1

1996 • 182 citations

Tryptophan fluorescence study of the interaction of penetratin peptides with model membranes

2002 • 181 citations

NAD(P)H Oxidase Mediates Angiotensin II–Induced Vascular Macrophage Infiltration and Medial Hypertrophy

2003 • 181 citations

Protein targeting by the twin-arginine translocation pathway

2001 • 179 citations

Global non-viral gene transfer to the primate brain following intravenous administration

2003 • 178 citations

Identification of an Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) cell adhesion site in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transactivation protein, tat.

1990 • 177 citations

Cell-permeable peptides improve cellular uptake and therapeutic gene delivery of replication-deficient viruses in cells and in vivo

2003 • 177 citations

Introduction of soluble proteins into the MHC class I pathway by conjugation to an HIV tat peptide.

1997 • 175 citations

Peptide-mediated cell delivery: application in protein target validation

2002 • 175 citations

Trojan peptides: the penetratin system for intracellular delivery

1998 • 174 citations

Nuclear Targeting of Macromolecular Polyanions by an HIV-Tat Derived Peptide

2002 • 173 citations

Cell Cycle-Dependent Regulation of FLIP Levels and Susceptibility to Fas-Mediated Apoptosis

1999 • 173 citations

Intracellular Human Immunodeficiency Virus Tat Expression in Astrocytes Promotes Astrocyte Survival but Induces Potent Neurotoxicity at Distant Sites via Axonal Transport

2003 • 173 citations

Permeability of the blood–brain barrier to neurotrophins

1998 • 173 citations

A High-Efficiency Protein Transduction System Demonstrating the Role of PKA in Long-Lasting Long-Term Potentiation

2001 • 170 citations

Protein Transduction Domains of HIV-1 and SIV TAT Interact with Charged Lipid Vesicles. Binding Mechanism and Thermodynamic Analysis

2003 • 170 citations

Antisense inhibition of P-glycoprotein expression using peptide–oligonucleotide conjugates

2000 • 169 citations

Inhibition of pRb phosphorylation and cell-cycle progression by a 20-residue peptide from p16CDKN2/INK4A

1996 • 168 citations

Structure–activity relationship of truncated and substituted analogues of the intracellular delivery vector Penetratin

2000 • 168 citations

Intravenous TAT-GDNF Is Protective After Focal Cerebral Ischemia in Mice

2003 • 167 citations

Nuclear Factor-κB Contributes to Excitotoxin-Induced Apoptosis in Rat Striatum

1998 • 167 citations

Intravenous TAT–Bcl‐X_l is protective after middle cerebral artery occlusion in mice

2002 • 166 citations

Macrocyclic Chelators with Paramagnetic Cations Are Internalized into Mammalian Cells via a HIV-Tat Derived Membrane Translocation Peptide

2000 • 166 citations

Development of a Peptide Inhibitor of Hyaluronan-Mediated Leukocyte Trafficking

2000 • 165 citations

Conformational states of the cell-penetrating peptide penetratin when interacting with phospholipid vesicles: effects of surface charge and peptide concentration

2002 • 164 citations

Structural requirements for cellular uptake of α-helical amphipathic peptides

1999 • 163 citations

Conformational and Associative Behaviours of the Third Helix of Antennapedia Homeodomain in Membrane‐Mimetic Environments

1996 • 161 citations

Transplantation to the rat brain of human neural progenitors that were genetically modified using adenoviruses

1995 • 160 citations

Biological activity of oligonucleotide-poly(L-lysine) conjugates: mechanism of cell uptake

1990 • 160 citations

Intercellular delivery of thymidine kinase prodrug activating enzyme by the herpes simplex virus protein, VP22

1999 • 159 citations

The HIV Tat protein transduction domain improves the biodistribution of β-glucuronidase expressed from recombinant viral vectors

2001 • 159 citations

Genetic engineering of proteins with cell membrane permeability

1998 • 159 citations

Identification of a signal sequence necessary for the unconventional secretion of Engrailed homeoprotein

1998 • 158 citations

Regulation of NF-κB, AP-1, NFAT, and STAT1 Nuclear Import in T Lymphocytes by Noninvasive Delivery of Peptide Carrying the Nuclear Localization Sequence of NF-κB p50

1998 • 157 citations

Modulation of Magainin 2−Lipid Bilayer Interactions by Peptide Charge

1997 • 156 citations

Translocation of Branched-Chain Arginine Peptides through Cell Membranes: Flexibility in the Spatial Disposition of Positive Charges in Membrane-Permeable Peptides

2002 • 155 citations

Brain Drug Targeting: The Future of Brain Drug Development

2001 • 153 citations

Interaction and structure induction of cell-penetrating peptides in the presence of phospholipid vesicles

2001 • 153 citations

Atomic force microscopic analysis of the influence of the molecular weight of poly(L)lysine on the size of polyelectrolyte complexes formed with DNA.

1996 • 153 citations

Targeting DNA to Cells with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF2)

1996 • 153 citations

Efficiency of Protein Transduction Is Cell Type-dependent and Is Enhanced by Dextran Sulfate

2002 • 153 citations

Highly specific, membrane-permeant peptide blockers of cGMP-dependent protein kinase Iα inhibit NO-induced cerebral dilation

2000 • 151 citations

Activation of transcription factor NF-kappaB by the Tat protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1996 • 149 citations

Binding of Cationic α-Helical Peptides to Plasmid DNA and Their Gene Transfer Abilities into Cells

1997 • 149 citations

p21 ^cip1 is required for the differentiation of oligodendrocytes independently of cell cycle withdrawal

2001 • 149 citations

In vitro Uptake and Stability Study of pVEC and Its All-D Analog

2003 • 148 citations

Enhanced delivery of doxorubicin into the brain via a peptide-vector-mediated strategy: saturation kinetics and specificity.

2001 • 148 citations

Inhibitors of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases as Anti-Cancer Therapeutics

2000 • 148 citations

Intraneuronal delivery of protein kinase C pseudosubstrate leads to growth cone collapse

1995 • 148 citations

Novel Tat-Peptide Chelates for Direct Transduction of Technetium-99m and Rhenium into Human Cells for Imaging and Radiotherapy

2000 • 148 citations

Differential transgene expression in brain cells in vivo and in vitro from AAV-2 vectors with small transcriptional control units

2003 • 148 citations

Molecular transporters for peptides: delivery of a cardioprotective ϵPKC agonist peptide into cells and intact ischemic heart using a transport system, R7

2001 • 147 citations

HIV–1 Tat protein as a potential AIDS vaccine

1996 • 147 citations

Intracellular Delivery of a Tat-eGFP Fusion Protein into Muscle Cells

2001 • 146 citations

Tat-Conjugated Synthetic Macromolecules Facilitate Cytoplasmic Drug Delivery To Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cells

2002 • 145 citations

Antitumor effect of TAT-oxygen-dependent degradation-caspase-3 fusion protein specifically stabilized and activated in hypoxic tumor cells.

2002 • 144 citations

Intracellular Domain of Brain Endothelial Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Is Essential for T Lymphocyte-Mediated Signaling and Migration

2003 • 144 citations

Selective Cytotoxicity of Dermaseptin S3 toward IntraerythrocyticPlasmodium falciparum and the Underlying Molecular Basis

1997 • 143 citations

Characterization of a Class of Cationic Peptides Able to Facilitate Efficient Protein Transduction in Vitro and in Vivo

2000 • 143 citations

Novel NAD(P)H Oxidase Inhibitor Suppresses Angioplasty-Induced Superoxide and Neointimal Hyperplasia of Rat Carotid Artery

2003 • 142 citations

Epigenetic regulation of gene structure and function with a cell-permeable Cre recombinase

2001 • 141 citations

Grafts of fibroblasts genetically modified to secrete NGF, BDNF, NT-3, or basic fgf elicit differential responses in the adult spinal cord

1996 • 140 citations

Drug delivery to damaged brain

2001 • 138 citations

alpha-2,8-Polysialic acid is the neuronal surface receptor of antennapedia homeobox peptide.

1991 • 137 citations

Preparation and Applications of Peptide−Oligonucleotide Conjugates

2000 • 137 citations

Rho Family GTPases Regulate VEGF-Stimulated Endothelial Cell Motility

2001 • 137 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Tat Induces Nitric-oxide Synthase in Human Astroglia

2002 • 136 citations

Herpes Simplex Viral Vectors Expressing Bcl-2 Are Neuroprotective When Delivered After a Stroke

1997 • 135 citations

Dendritic Cells Transduced with Protein Antigens Induce Cytotoxic Lymphocytes and Elicit Antitumor Immunity

2002 • 135 citations

Mutational analysis of a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Tat protein transduction domain which is required for delivery of an exogenous protein into mammalian cells

2002 • 133 citations

Quantitation of the Tumor-Targeting Properties of Antibody Fragments Conjugated to Cell-Permeating HIV-1 TAT Peptides

2002 • 133 citations

A quantitative validation of fluorophore-labelled cell-permeable peptide conjugates: fluorophore and cargo dependence of import

2002 • 133 citations

A Dominant-Negative p65 PAK Peptide Inhibits Angiogenesis

2002 • 132 citations

Antennapedia homeobox as a signal for the cellular internalization and nuclear addressing of a small exogenous peptide

1992 • 132 citations

Transduction of human catalase mediated by an HIV-1 TAT protein basic domain and arginine-rich peptides into mammalian cells

2001 • 130 citations

Synaptic Transport of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Tat Protein Causes Neurotoxicity and Gliosis in Rat Brain

2003 • 130 citations

Nanostructured Materials Designed for Cell Binding and Transduction

2001 • 130 citations

Intercellular trafficking of VP22-GFP fusion proteins

1999 • 129 citations

Transduction of Cu,Zn‐superoxide dismutase mediated by an HIV‐1 Tat protein basic domain into mammalian cells

2000 • 129 citations

Cellular Delivery of Impermeable Effector Molecules in the Form of Conjugates with Peptides Capable of Mediating Membrane Translocation

2001 • 128 citations

Passage of cell-penetrating peptides across a human epithelial cell layer in vitro

2004 • 128 citations

Increased expression of the ubiquitin – proteasome pathway in murine myotubes by proteolysis-inducing factor (PIF) is associated with activation of the transcription factor NF-κB

2003 • 127 citations

Cellular uptake of Antennapedia Penetratin peptides is a two-step process in which phase transfer precedes a tryptophan-dependent translocation

2003 • 126 citations

Enhanced Neuroprotective Effects of Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Regional Brain Ischemia after Conjugation to a Blood-Brain Barrier Delivery Vector

2002 • 125 citations

Change in membrane permeability induced by protegrin 1: implication of disulphide bridges for pore formation

1996 • 125 citations

Cytoplasmic delivery and nuclear targeting of synthetic macromolecules

2003 • 125 citations

TCR Antigen–Induced Cell Death Occurs from a Late G1 Phase Cell Cycle Check Point

1998 • 123 citations

Inhibition of FGF-stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis and neurite outgrowth by a cell-membrane permeable phosphopeptide

1996 • 123 citations

The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 Tat protein upregulates Bcl-2 gene expression in Jurkat T-cell lines and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells

1995 • 122 citations

TAT Protein Transduction Into Isolated Perfused Hearts

2002 • 121 citations

Doxorubicin-peptide conjugates overcome multidrug resistance

2001 • 121 citations

Transport of Exogenous Growth Factors and Cytokines to the Cytosol and to the Nucleus

2003 • 120 citations

Transduced p16INK4a peptides inhibit hypophosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein and cell cycle progression prior to activation of Cdk2 complexes in late G1.

1999 • 120 citations

Small GTP-Binding Protein Rac Is an Essential Mediator of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Induced Endothelial Fenestrations and Vascular Permeability

2003 • 119 citations

SSeCKS, a Major Protein Kinase C Substrate with Tumor Suppressor Activity, Regulates G₁→S Progression by Controlling the Expression and Cellular Compartmentalization of Cyclin D

2000 • 118 citations

Membrane channel formation by antimicrobial protegrins

1999 • 117 citations

Inhibition of Neuronal Apoptosis in Vitro and in Vivo Using TAT-Mediated Protein Transduction

2002 • 117 citations

Lentiviruses in gene therapy clinical research

2002 • 115 citations

Cancer Immunotherapy Using Sindbis Virus Replicon Particles Encoding a VP22–Antigen Fusion

2002 • 113 citations

Structure and positioning comparison of two variants of penetratin in two different membrane mimicking systems by NMR

2003 • 113 citations

Neurotrophic activity of the Antennapedia homeodomain depends on its specific DNA-binding properties.

1993 • 111 citations

A versatile system for receptor-mediated gene delivery permits increased entry of DNA into target cells, enhanced delivery to the nucleus and elevated rates of transgene expression

2000 • 111 citations

The Basic Domain in HIV-1 Tat Protein as a Target for Polysulfonated Heparin-mimicking Extracellular Tat Antagonists

1998 • 111 citations

Herpes simplex virus vector-mediated expression of Bcl-2 prevents 6-hydroxydopamine-induced degeneration of neurons in the substantia nigra in vivo

1999 • 111 citations

Proteins Linked to a Protein Transduction Domain Efficiently Transduce Pancreatic Islets

2001 • 111 citations

TAT-Liposomes: A Novel Intracellular Drug Carrier

2003 • 110 citations

A Three-dimensional Collagen Lattice Activates NF-κB in Human Fibroblasts: Role in Integrin α2 Gene Expression and Tissue Remodeling

1998 • 108 citations

Energetics of Protein Transport across Biological Membranes

2003 • 108 citations

HIV-1 Tat-Mediated Apoptosis in Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

2003 • 108 citations

p21-activated Kinase 1 (PAK1) Interacts with the Grb2 Adapter Protein to Couple to Growth Factor Signaling

2003 • 108 citations

Tat–Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Induces Human Monocyte Chemotaxis by Activation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1

1997 • 108 citations

Novel cell permeable motif derived from the PreS2-domain of hepatitis-B virus surface antigens

2000 • 107 citations

Comparison of the interaction, positioning, structure induction and membrane perturbation of cell-penetrating peptides and non-translocating variants with phospholipid vesicles

2003 • 107 citations

Secondary Structure and Position of the Cell-Penetrating Peptide Transportan in SDS Micelles As Determined by NMR

2001 • 107 citations

Full-length proteins attached to the HIV tat protein transduction domain are neither transduced between cells, nor exhibit enhanced immunogenicity

2002 • 107 citations

Evidence for a Plasma Membrane-Mediated Permeability Barrier to Tat Basic Domain in Well-Differentiated Epithelial Cells: Lack of Correlation with Heparan Sulfate

2002 • 106 citations

Grb10, a Positive, Stimulatory Signaling Adapter in Platelet-Derived Growth Factor BB-, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I-, and Insulin-Mediated Mitogenesis

1999 • 105 citations

HIV Tat, its TARgets and the control of viral gene expression

2003 • 105 citations

Translocation of the pAntp Peptide and Its Amphipathic Analogue AP-2AL

2001 • 105 citations

A novel TAT–Mitochondrial signal sequence fusion protein is processed, stays in mitochondria, and crosses the placenta

2003 • 105 citations

Peptide blockade of HIFα degradation modulates cellular metabolism and angiogenesis

2002 • 104 citations

Identification of a functionally important sequence in the cytoplasmic tail of integrin beta 3 by using cell-permeable peptide analogs.

1996 • 104 citations

Inhibition of NF-κB by a TAT-NEMO–binding domain peptide accelerates constitutive apoptosis and abrogates LPS-delayed neutrophil apoptosis

2003 • 103 citations

Of the three tegument proteins that package mRNA in herpes simplex virions, one (VP22) transports the mRNA to uninfected cells for expression prior to viral infection

2002 • 103 citations

Commitment Point during G₀→G₁ That Controls Entry into the Cell Cycle

2003 • 103 citations

Introduction of exogenous antigens into the MHC class I processing and presentation pathway by Drosophila antennapedia homeodomain primes cytotoxic T cells in vivo.

1996 • 101 citations

The Retro-inverso Form of a Homeobox-Derived Short Peptide Is Rapidly Internalized by Cultured Neurons: A New Basis for an Efficient Intracellular Delivery System

1995 • 101 citations

Adenovirally expressed basic fibroblast growth factor rescues photoreceptor cells in RCS rats.

1999 • 101 citations

RhoG Signals in Parallel with Rac1 and Cdc42

2002 • 100 citations

Association of Engrailed homeoproteins with vesicles presenting caveolae-like properties

1997 • 100 citations

The production and use of cells as therapeutic agents in neurodegenerative diseases

2003 • 99 citations

Methamphetamine Potentiates HIV-1 Tat Protein-Mediated Activation of Redox-Sensitive Pathways in Discrete Regions of the Brain

2002 • 99 citations

Engrailed homeoprotein secretion is a regulated process

2002 • 98 citations

Interaction of the third helix of Antennapedia homeodomain and a phospholipid monolayer, studied by ellipsometry and PM-IRRAS at the air–water interface

2000 • 98 citations

Selective in Vivo Inhibition of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Activation Using Cell-permeable Peptides

2002 • 98 citations

Differential acetylation of Tat coordinates its interaction with the co-activators cyclin T1 and PCAF

2002 • 98 citations

HIV Tat Peptide Enhances Cellular Delivery of Antisense Morpholino Oligomers

2003 • 96 citations

Organ-specific gene expression in the rhesus monkey eye following intravenous non-viral gene transfer.

2003 • 96 citations

Design of Carrier Peptide-Oligonucleotide Conjugates with Rapid Membrane Translocation and Nuclear Localization Properties

1998 • 95 citations

Alternative formulations of paclitaxel

1997 • 95 citations

Monocytes Treated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Tat Kill Uninfected CD4 ⁺ Cells by a Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Apoptosis-Induced Ligand-Mediated Mechanism

2003 • 95 citations

Preparation of functionally active cell-permeable peptides by single-step ligation of two peptide modules

1998 • 95 citations

Low molecular weight protamine as an efficient and nontoxic gene carrier: in vitro study

2003 • 95 citations

Inhibition of telomerase activity by a cell‐penetrating peptide nucleic acid construct in human melanoma cells

2000 • 94 citations

Galanin receptors: Involvement in feeding, pain, depression and Alzheimer's disease

1997 • 94 citations

14-3-3s regulate fructose-2,6-bisphosphate levels by binding to PKB-phosphorylated cardiac fructose-2,6-bisphosphate kinase/phosphatase

2003 • 93 citations

Application of a Novel Analysis To Measure the Binding of the Membrane-Translocating Peptide Penetratin to Negatively Charged Liposomes

2002 • 91 citations

Effect of Osmotic Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption on Methotrexate Pharmacokinetics in the Dog

1980 • 90 citations

Neuronal injury in hippocampus with human immunodeficiency virus transactivating protein, Tat

2003 • 90 citations

Peptides from the amino terminal mdm-2-binding domain of p53, designed from conformational analysis, are selectively cytotoxic to transformed cells

2001 • 90 citations

Characterization of Novel Histidine-Tagged Tat-Peptide Complexes Dual-Labeled with ^99mTc-Tricarbonyl and Fluorescein for Scintigraphy and Fluorescence Microscopy

2002 • 89 citations

Dissecting G Protein-coupled Receptor Signaling Pathways with Membrane-permeable Blocking Peptides

2000 • 88 citations

p21WAF1-derived peptides linked to an internalization peptide inhibit human cancer cell growth.

1997 • 88 citations

No entry for TAT(44–57) into liposomes and intact MDCK cells: novel approach to study membrane permeation of cell-penetrating peptides

2003 • 88 citations

BCL-2 Transduction, Using a Herpes Simplex Virus Amplicon, Protects Hippocampal Neurons from Transient Global Ischemia

1999 • 88 citations

HIV-1 Vpr Displays Natural Protein-Transducing Properties: Implications for Viral Pathogenesis

2002 • 87 citations

Tumor Cell Retention of Antibody Fab Fragments Is Enhanced by an Attached HIV TAT Protein-Derived Peptide

1993 • 87 citations

Translocation Properties of Novel Cell Penetrating Transportan and Penetratin Analogues

2000 • 87 citations

A Sos‐derived peptidimer blocks the Ras signaling pathway by binding both Grb2 SH3 domains and displays antiproliferative activity

1999 • 87 citations

Pharmacokinetics and Delivery of Tat and Tat-Protein Conjugates to Tissues in Vivo

2001 • 86 citations

Peptides fused to the amino-terminal end of diphtheria toxin are translocated to the cytosol.

1991 • 86 citations

Potentiation of Chlorin e6 Photodynamic Activity in Vitro with Peptide-Based Intracellular Vehicles

1999 • 85 citations

Induction of CD4+ T cell–dependent antitumor immunity by TAT-mediated tumor antigen delivery into dendritic cells

2002 • 84 citations

Inhibition of cancer cell growth and c-Myc transcriptional activity by a c-Myc helix 1-type peptide fused to an internalization sequence.

1998 • 84 citations

TAT Fusion Proteins Containing Tyrosine 42-deleted IκBα Arrest Osteoclastogenesis

2001 • 84 citations

Penetratin‐induced aggregation and subsequent dissociation of negatively charged phospholipid vesicles

2001 • 84 citations

Ability of the Tat Basic Domain and VP22 To Mediate Cell Binding, but Not Membrane Translocation of the Diphtheria Toxin A-Fragment

2001 • 84 citations

Features of replicative senescence induced by direct addition of antennapedia‐p16^INK4A fusion protein to human diploid fibroblasts

1998 • 84 citations

Characterization of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory domain of the INK4 family as a model for a synthetic tumour suppressor molecule

1998 • 84 citations

Rapid induction of apoptosis mediated by peptides that bind initiation factor eIF4E

2000 • 83 citations

Loligomers: design of de novo peptide-based intracellular vehicles.

1995 • 83 citations

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Protein Directly Activates Neuronal N -methyl- D -aspartate Receptors at an Allosteric Zinc-Sensitive Site

2003 • 83 citations

Transcription factor Hoxa-5 is taken up by cells in culture and conveyed to their nuclei

1996 • 82 citations

Neuroprotective peptide drug delivery and development: potential new therapeutics

2001 • 82 citations

Adeno-associated virus vector-mediated bcl-2 gene transfer into post-ischemic gerbil brain in vivo: prospects for gene therapy of ischemia-induced neuronal death

2000 • 82 citations

Quantitative comparison of membrane transduction and endocytosis of oligopeptides

2003 • 81 citations

HIV-1 Tat-mediated Inhibition of the Tyrosine Hydroxylase Gene Expression in Dopaminergic Neuronal Cells

2000 • 81 citations

Evidence for an amphipathicity independent cellular uptake of amphipathic cell‐penetrating peptides

2000 • 80 citations

Intravitreous transplantation of encapsulated fibroblasts secreting the human fibroblast growth factor 2 delays photoreceptor cell degeneration in Royal College of Surgeons rats

1999 • 80 citations

The 104-123 amino acid sequence of the beta-domain of von Hippel-Lindau gene product is sufficient to inhibit renal tumor growth and invasion.

2001 • 80 citations

Role of the Nuclear Localization Sequence in Fibroblast Growth Factor-1-stimulated Mitogenic Pathways

1996 • 79 citations

Neurotoxic effects of the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 transcription factor Tat require function of a polyamine sensitive-site on the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor

2002 • 78 citations

Transduction of Full-Length Tat Fusion Proteins Directly into Mammalian Cells: Analysis of T Cell Receptor Activation-Induced Cell Death

2000 • 77 citations

Extracellular HIV‐1 Tat protein activates phosphatidylinositol 3‐ and Akt/PKB kinases in CD4⁺ T lymphoblastoid Jurkat cells

1997 • 77 citations

Intravitreal Gene Therapy Reduces Lysosomal Storage in Specific Areas of the CNS in Mucopolysaccharidosis VII Mice

2003 • 77 citations

Protein transduction domains: are they delivering?

2003 • 77 citations

The role of proline in the prevention of aggregation during protein folding in vitro

1998 • 77 citations

HIV-1 trans-activating (Tat) protein

1999 • 76 citations

A conditional null allele of the major histocompatibility IA‐beta chain gene

2002 • 76 citations

Intercellular trafficking of VP22-GFP fusion proteins is not observed in cultured mammalian cells

1998 • 76 citations

Fused polycationic peptide mediates delivery of diphtheria toxin A chain to the cytosol in the presence of anthrax protective antigen.

1996 • 76 citations

Improved Brain Delivery of Benzylpenicillin with a Peptide-vector-mediated Strategy

2002 • 75 citations

Anti-TAR Polyamide Nucleotide Analog Conjugated with a Membrane-Permeating Peptide Inhibits Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Production

2002 • 74 citations

Selective Inhibition of Growth Factor-stimulated Mitogenesis by a Cell-permeable Grb2-binding Peptide

1997 • 74 citations

Recombinant proteins for neurodegenerative diseases: the delivery issue

2001 • 74 citations

Stimulation of Cellular Signaling and G Protein Subunit Dissociation by G Protein βγ Subunit-binding Peptides

2003 • 74 citations

Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Targeting Enables Neuroprotection in Brain Ischemia Following Delayed Intravenous Administration of Neurotrophins

2003 • 74 citations

Transduction of a dominant-negative H-Ras into human eosinophils attenuates extracellular signal–regulated kinase activation and interleukin-5–mediated cell viability

2001 • 73 citations

Hyaluronan-dependent cell migration can be blocked by a CD44 cytoplasmic domain peptide containing a phosphoserine at position 325

1998 • 73 citations

Evidence for and against a Pivotal Role of PI 3-Kinase in a Neuronal Cell Survival Pathway

1999 • 71 citations

Plasmon-Waveguide Resonance and Impedance Spectroscopy Studies of the Interaction between Penetratin and Supported Lipid Bilayer Membranes

2003 • 71 citations

A p21(Waf1/Cip1)carboxyl-terminal peptide exhibited cyclin-dependent kinase-inhibitory activity and cytotoxicity when introduced into human cells.

1999 • 70 citations

Identification of a synovial fibroblast-specific protein transduction domain for delivery of apoptotic agents to hyperplastic synovium

2003 • 69 citations

Gene Transfer Mediated by Polyarginine Requires a Formation of Big Carrier-Complex of DNA Aggregate

1997 • 69 citations

Gene Transfer via Reversible Plasmid Condensation with Cysteine-Flanked, Internally Spaced Arginine-Rich Peptides

2003 • 68 citations

Polyreactive anti-DNA monoclonal antibodies and a derived peptide as vectors for the intracytoplasmic and intranuclear translocation of macromolecules

1998 • 68 citations

Intranuclear targeted delivery of functional NF-kappa B by 70kDa heatshock protein

1999 • 68 citations

Neurotrophins, neuroprotection and the blood-brain barrier.

2002 • 68 citations

Heme oxygenase-1 fused to a TAT peptide transduces and protects pancreatic β-cells

2003 • 68 citations

c-Rel regulation of the cell cycle in primary mouse B lymphocytes

2002 • 66 citations

Stimulation of Mitogenesis by a Cell-Permeable PI 3-Kinase Binding Peptide

1998 • 66 citations

Designing cell-permeant phosphopeptides to modulate intracellular signaling pathways

2001 • 65 citations

What to Do When Clear Success Comes With an Unclear Risk?

2002 • 65 citations

Interactions of human immunodeficiency virus‐1 proteins with neurons: possible role in the development of human immunodeficiency virus‐1‐associated dementia

2002 • 65 citations

Intercellular Trafficking of Adenovirus-Delivered HSV VP22 from the Retinal Pigment Epithelium to the Photoreceptors—Implications for Gene Therapy

2002 • 64 citations

From the outside in: Extracellular activities of HIV tat

2000 • 62 citations

The cellular uptake of horseradish peroxidase and its poly(lysine) conjugate by cultured fibroblasts is qualitatively similar despite a 900‐fold difference in rate

1982 • 62 citations

Ankyrin Peptide Blocks Falcipain-2-mediated Malaria Parasite Release from Red Blood Cells

2003 • 62 citations

Enhanced Secretion and Uptake of β-Glucuronidase Improves Adeno-associated Viral-Mediated Gene Therapy of Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII Mice

2002 • 61 citations

The BH3 domain of BAD fused to the Antennapedia peptide induces apoptosis via its alpha helical structure and independent of Bcl-2

2001 • 60 citations

Gene Therapy for Human Malignant Brain Tumors

2003 • 60 citations

Using poly(ethylene imine) to graft poly(ethylene glycol) or polysaccharide to polystyrene

1992 • 60 citations

Transduction of biologically active motifs of the small heat shock‐related protein, HSP20, leads to relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

2003 • 59 citations

Efficient Intracellular Delivery of GFP by Homeodomains of Drosophila Fushi-tarazu and Engrailed Proteins

2000 • 59 citations

Targeting of Nonkaryophilic Cell-Permeable Peptides into the Nuclei of Intact Cells by Covalently Attached Nuclear Localization Signals

2002 • 58 citations

Quantitative Analysis of Permeation Peptide Complexes Labeled with Technetium-99m: Chiral and Sequence-Specific Effects on Net Cell Uptake

2003 • 58 citations

Intracellular delivery of HSP70 using HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain

2003 • 58 citations

Ethanol Induces Gene Expression via Nuclear Compartmentalization of Receptor for Activated C Kinase 1

2002 • 58 citations

Homeodomain‐Derived Peptides: In and Out of the Cells

1999 • 58 citations

Chronic myelogenous leukemia blast cell proliferation is inhibited by peptides that disrupt Grb2-SoS complexes

2001 • 57 citations

Dendritic cells transduced with TAT protein transduction domain‐containing tyrosinase‐related protein 2 vaccinate against murine melanoma

2003 • 57 citations

Enhanced suicide gene effect by adenoviral transduction of a VP22-cytosine deaminase (CD) fusion gene

2001 • 57 citations

Anthrax Toxin-Mediated Delivery In Vivo and In Vitro of a Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitope from Ovalbumin

1998 • 56 citations

Antennapedia homeobox peptide enhances growth and branching of embryonic chicken motoneurons in vitro.

1993 • 55 citations

Non‐viral neuronal gene delivery mediated by the H_C fragment of tetanus toxin

1999 • 55 citations

Expression and activities of a recombinant basic fibroblast growth factor-saporin fusion protein.

1994 • 55 citations

Evidence of protein transduction but not intercellular transport by proteins fused to HIV tat in retinal cell culture and in vivo

2003 • 55 citations

Thrombospondin 2 Regulates Cell Proliferation Induced by Rac1 Redox-Dependent Signaling

2003 • 54 citations

Heparin binding by the HIV‐1 tat protein transduction domain

2001 • 54 citations

Protein transduction: Delivery of tat-GTPase fusion proteins into mammalian cells

2001 • 54 citations

Pharmacokinetics and Brain Uptake of Biotinylated Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor Conjugated to a Blood-Brain Barrier Drug Delivery System

2002 • 53 citations

Inhibition of Transforming Growth Factor-β Signaling by Low Molecular Weight Compounds Interfering with ATP- or Substrate-Binding Sites of the TGFβ Type I Receptor Kinase

2002 • 53 citations

Cellular Internalization of a Cargo Complex with a Novel Peptide Derived from the Third Helix of the Islet-1 Homeodomain. Comparison with the Penetratin Peptide

2001 • 52 citations

Subcellular trafficking of HPMA copolymer–Tat conjugates in human ovarian carcinoma cells

2003 • 52 citations

Conjugation of methotrexate to poly (L-lysine) as a potential way to overcome drug resistance

1980 • 52 citations

Peptides readily penetrate the blood-brain barrier: Uptake of peptides by synaptosomes is passive

1976 • 52 citations

Induced DNA recombination by Cre recombinase protein transduction

2002 • 52 citations

Basic Peptides as Functional Components of Non-viral Gene Transfer Vehicles

2003 • 51 citations

Growth inhibition of glioblastoma cells by human Purα

2001 • 51 citations

Transloading of tumor antigen-derived peptides into antigen-presenting cells

1997 • 51 citations

Critical Role of the Carboxyl Terminus of Proline-rich Tyrosine Kinase (Pyk2) in the Activation of Human Neutrophils by Tumor Necrosis Factor

2002 • 51 citations

Inhibition of Axotomy-induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Extracellular Delivery of a Bcl-XL Fusion Protein

2001 • 50 citations

Nuclear translocation of an exogenous fusion protein containing HIV Tat requires unfolding

1995 • 50 citations

VP22 enhanced intercellular trafficking of HSV thymidine kinase reduced the level of ganciclovir needed to cause suicide cell death

2001 • 50 citations

9-Polylysine Protein Transduction Domain: Enhanced Penetration Efficiency of Superoxide Dismutase into Mammalian Cells and Skin

2002 • 50 citations

The CDC42-specific inhibitor derived from ACK-1 blocks v-Ha-Ras-induced transformation

1999 • 50 citations

Induction of protein catabolism in myotubes by 15(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid through increased expression of the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway

2003 • 49 citations

Cellular uptake and spread of the cell‐permeable peptide penetratin in adult rat brain

2000 • 49 citations

Overexpression of Protein-Tyrosine Phosphatase PTPσ Is Linked to Impaired Glucose-Induced Insulin Secretion in Hereditary Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats

2002 • 49 citations

Phosphoinositide 3-kinase modulation of β3-integrin represents an endogenous “braking” mechanism during neutrophil transmatrix migration

2001 • 49 citations

Translocation to Cytosol of Exogenous, CAAX-tagged Acidic Fibroblast Growth Factor

1995 • 49 citations

Transcellular transfer of active HSV-1 thymidine kinase mediated by an 11-amino-acid peptide from HIV-1 Tat

2002 • 48 citations

Inhibition of NF-κB Activity by a Membrane-Transducing Mutant of IκBα

2002 • 48 citations

Peptide-Based Intracellular Shuttle Able To Facilitate Gene Transfer in Mammalian Cells

1999 • 48 citations

Investigation of penetratin peptides Part 1. The environment dependent conformational properties of penetratin and two of its derivatives

2002 • 47 citations

Translocation mediated by domain II of Pseudomonas exotoxin A: transport of barnase into the cytosol

1992 • 47 citations

The efficient and rapid import of a peptide into primary B and T lymphocytes and a lymphoblastoid cell line

1998 • 47 citations

Structural Variety of Membrane Permeable Peptides

2003 • 46 citations

Intracellular Localization of Oligonucleotides: Influence of Fixative Protocols

1999 • 46 citations

HIV‐1 TAT‐mediated protein transduction and subcellular localization using novel expression vectors¹

2002 • 46 citations

A 16-mer peptide (RQIKIWFQNRRMKWKK) from antennapedia preferentially targets the Class I pathway

2001 • 46 citations

Intercellular spread of GFP-VP22

1999 • 46 citations

Cell‐penetrating SH3 domain blocker peptides inhibit proliferation of primary blast cells from CML patients

2000 • 45 citations

An Efficient, Scalable Synthesis of the Molecular Transporter Octaarginine via a Segment Doubling Strategy

2001 • 45 citations

Inhibition of Matrix Metalloproteinases Prevents the Synthesis of Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1 during Decidualization in the Baboon

2003 • 44 citations

PSM, a mediator of PDGF-BB-, IGF-I-, and insulin-stimulated mitogenesis

2000 • 44 citations

Peptidomimetic Design of CDK Inhibitors Targeting theRecruitment Site of the Cyclin Subunit

2003 • 44 citations

Chemical engineering of cell penetrating antibodies

2001 • 43 citations

Widespread expression of an exogenous gene in the eye after intravenous administration.

2002 • 43 citations

Binding of cationic cell-permeable peptides to plastic and glass

2003 • 43 citations

Stem Cells for Neurodegenerative Disorders

2002 • 43 citations

Enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapeutic drugs by the suppression of antiapoptotic cellular defense

2003 • 43 citations

Efficient Intracellular Delivery of an Exogenous Protein GFP with Genetically Fused Basic Oligopeptides

2001 • 42 citations

Poly(L-lysine) has different membrane transport and drug-carrier properties when complexed with heparin.

1981 • 42 citations

Nuclear factor κb activation by muscarinic receptors in astroglial cells: effect of ethanol

2003 • 41 citations

The Super Anti-apoptotic Factor Bcl-xFNK Constructed by Disturbing Intramolecular Polar Interactions in Rat Bcl-xL

2000 • 41 citations

Intracellular visualization of prostate cancer using magnetic resonance imaging.

2003 • 40 citations

Tat HIV-1 Primary and Tertiary Structures Critical to Immune Response Against Non-homologous Variants

2002 • 40 citations

Novel peptide inhibitors of Leishmania gp63 based on the cleavage site of MARCKS (myristoylated alanine-rich C kinase substrate)-related protein

2002 • 40 citations

Proline is a protein solubilizing solute

1997 • 40 citations

Influence of lipophilic groups in cationic α‐helical peptides on their abilities to bind with DNA and deliver genes into cells

1999 • 40 citations

Activation of Endothelial Cell Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ERK_1/2by Extracellular HIV-1 Tat Protein

2001 • 39 citations

Direct delivery of bacterial avirulence proteins into resistant Arabidopsis protoplasts leads to hypersensitive cell death

2003 • 39 citations

Mammary Epithelial Cell-Cycle Progression via the α2β1 Integrin

2001 • 39 citations

Cellular delivery of oligonucleotides by synthetic import peptide carrier.

1997 • 39 citations

Nuclear Factor-κB Translocation Mediates Double-Stranded Ribonucleic Acid-Induced NIT-1 β-Cell Apoptosis and Up-Regulates Caspase-12 and Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Ligand (TRAIL)

2003 • 39 citations

Inhibition of pRb phosphorylation and cell cycle progression by an antennapedia-p16INK4A fusion peptide in pancreatic cancer cells

2000 • 39 citations

3‘-End Conjugates of Minimally Phosphorothioate-Protected Oligonucleotides with 1-O-Hexadecylglycerol: Synthesis and Anti-ras Activity in Radiation-Resistant Cells

2000 • 38 citations

Correlation between hydrophobic properties and efficiency of carrier-mediated membrane transduction and apoptosis of a p53 C-terminal peptide

2002 • 38 citations

Tat-mediated protein delivery can facilitate MHC class I presentation of antigens

1996 • 38 citations

Internalization of caveolin-1 scaffolding domain facilitated by Antennapedia homeodomain attenuates PAF-induced increase in microvessel permeability

2004 • 38 citations

Blockade of Focal Clustering and Active Conformation in β2-Integrin-Mediated Adhesion of Eosinophils to Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 Caused by Transduction of HIV TAT-Dominant Negative Ras

2002 • 38 citations

Conformational Lability of Herpesvirus Protein VP22

2000 • 38 citations

A novel strategy using single-chain antibody to show the importance of Bcl-2 in mast cell survival

2003 • 37 citations

Rab3A and Rab3B carboxy-terminal peptides are both potent and specific inhibitors of prolactin release by rat cultured anterior pituitary cells.

1994 • 37 citations

Intracellular Concentration Measurements in Adherent Cells: A Comparison of Import Efficiencies of Cell-Permeable Peptides

2002 • 37 citations

Transport of γ-interferon into the cell nucleus may be mediated by nuclear membrane receptors

1986 • 36 citations

The TAT Protein Transduction Domain Enhances the Neuroprotective Effect of Glial-Cell-Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor after Optic Nerve Transection

2004 • 36 citations

Penetration and Intracellular Routing of Nucleus-Directed Peptide-Based Shuttles (Loligomers) in Eukaryotic Cells

1998 • 36 citations

Specific Inhibition of a Human Papillomavirus E2Trans-Activator by Intracellular Delivery of Its Repressor

1994 • 36 citations

Structural and Dynamic Properties of the HIV-1 Tat Transduction Domain in the Free and Heparin-Bound States

2003 • 36 citations

Tat-Induced Deregulation of Neuronal Differentiation and Survival by Nerve Growth Factor Pathway

2002 • 35 citations

Green Fluorescent Protein variants fold differentially in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells

2001 • 35 citations

Induction of Antigen-Specific CTL by Recombinant HIV Trans-Activating Fusion Protein-Pulsed Human Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells

2003 • 34 citations

The archaeal twin-arginine translocation pathway

2003 • 34 citations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 (HIV-1) Tat Protein and Bcl-2 Gene Expression

1996 • 34 citations

Mitotoxins: Growth factor-targeted cytotoxic molecules

1990 • 34 citations

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Protein Tat and Its Discrete Fragments Evoke Selective Release of Acetylcholine from Human and Rat Cerebrocortical Terminals through Species-Specific Mechanisms

2003 • 33 citations

HIV-1 Tat Protects CD4+ Jurkat T Lymphoblastoid Cells from Apoptosis Mediated by TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand

2001 • 32 citations

TAT peptide-modified liposomes for intracellular delivery of drugs and DNA.

2002 • 32 citations

Neural stem cells and Parkinson's disease

2002 • 32 citations

Adenoviral gene transfer of basic fibroblast growth factor promotes angiogenesis in rat brain

2000 • 32 citations

Therapeutic success and efficacy of nonviral liposomal cDNA gene transfer to the skin in vivo is dose dependent

2001 • 31 citations

Poly-arginine-fused calpastatin peptide, a living cell membrane-permeable and specific inhibitor for calpain

2003 • 31 citations

Calpastatin Exon 1B-Derived Peptide, a Selective Inhibitor of Calpain: Enhancing Cell Permeability by Conjugation with Penetratin

2003 • 31 citations

Age-related alterations of the blood-brain-barrier (bbb) permeability to protein molecules of different size.

1993 • 31 citations

Transduction of TAT fusion proteins into osteoclasts and osteoblasts

2002 • 29 citations

Highly efficient and consistent gene transfer into dendritic cells utilizing a combination of ultraviolet-irradiated adenovirus and poly(L-lysine) conjugates.

1998 • 29 citations

Identification of a Peptide Antagonist to the Peripheral-Type Benzodiazepine Receptor That Inhibits Hormone-Stimulated Leydig Cell Steroid Formation

2002 • 28 citations

Conformational and topological requirements of cell‐permeable peptide function

1998 • 28 citations

Direct protein transfer to terminally differentiated muscle cells

1999 • 28 citations

Gene therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma using non-viral vectors composed of bis guanidinium-tren-cholesterol and plasmids encoding the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases TIMP-2 and TIMP-3

2003 • 27 citations

Intracellular delivery of glutathione S-transferase into mammalian cells

2003 • 27 citations

Immunochemical, Structural and Translocating Properties of Anti-DNA Antibodies from (NZB×NZW)F1 Mice

1998 • 26 citations

Evaluation of strategies for the intracellular delivery of proteins.

2002 • 26 citations

Success and limitations of a naked plasmid transfection protocol for keratinocyte growth factor‐1 to enhance cutaneous wound healing

2001 • 25 citations

TAT-mediated delivery of human glutamate dehydrogenase into PC12 cells

2002 • 25 citations

Inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of apoptosis by novel tetravalent peptides inhibiting DNA binding of E2F

2003 • 25 citations

Bio-effectiveness of Tat-catalase conjugate: a potential tool for the identification of H2O2-dependent cellular signal transduction pathways

2003 • 24 citations

Transduction of TAT-HA-β-galactosidase Fusion Protein into Salivary Gland-derived Cells and Organ Cultures of the Developing Gland, and into Rat Submandibular Gland in Vivo

2000 • 24 citations

Exploitation of the Herpes simplex virus translocating protein VP22 to carry influenza virus proteins into cells for studies of apoptosis: direct confirmation that neuraminidase induces apoptosis and indications that other proteins may have a role

2002 • 24 citations

NF-κB Is Required for Surface Ig-Induced Fas Resistance in B Cells

2003 • 24 citations

ΔFosB, but not FosB, induces delayed apoptosis independent of cell proliferation in the Rat1a embryo cell line

2003 • 24 citations

Current state of stem cell research for the treatment of Parkinson's disease

2002 • 24 citations

Galanin‐Based Peptides, Galparan and Transportan, with Receptor‐Dependent and Independent Activities

1998 • 24 citations

Specific inhibition of interleukin‐4‐dependent Stat6 activation by an intracellularly delivered peptide

2001 • 24 citations

Identification of a novel Na+- and Cl−-coupled transport system for endogenous opioid peptides in retinal pigment epithelium and induction of the transport system by HIV-1 Tat

2003 • 24 citations

Control of siRNA expression utilizing Cre-loxP recombination system

2003 • 23 citations

HSV-1 VP22 augments adenoviral gene transfer to CNS neurons in the retina and striatum in vivo

2003 • 22 citations

Electrostatic binding with tat and other cationic peptides increases cell accumulation of 99mTc-antisense DNAs without entrapment

2003 • 22 citations

HIV-1 Tat protein: A target for the development of anti-AIDS therapies

2002 • 22 citations

Receptor-mediated uptake of an extracellular Bcl-x_Lfusion protein inhibits apoptosis

1999 • 21 citations

Transduction of MIN6 β Cells with TAT-Syntaxin SNARE Motif Inhibits Insulin Exocytosis in Biphasic Insulin Release in a Distinct Mechanism Analyzed by Evanescent Wave Microscopy

2002 • 20 citations

Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing and the Reduction in Synthesis and Secretion of the Atherogenic Risk Factor, Apolipoprotein B100 Can Be Effectively Targeted through TAT-Mediated Protein Transduction

2002 • 20 citations

Acetylation of the HIV-1 Tat protein: an in vitro study

2003 • 19 citations

Epoxysuccinyl Peptide-Derived Cathepsin B Inhibitors: Modulating Membrane Permeability by Conjugation with the C-Terminal Heptapeptide Segment of Penetratin

2002 • 19 citations

Anti-B16-F10 melanoma activity of a basic fibroblast growth factor-saporin mitotoxin

1994 • 18 citations

Cell-penetrating SH3 domain blocker peptides inhibit proliferation of primary blast cells from CML patients

2000 • 18 citations

Characterization of hybrid CTL epitope delivery systems consisting of the Antennapedia homeodomain peptide vector formulated in liposomes

2001 • 18 citations

Efficient Gene Delivery by a Peptide Derived from a Monoclonal anti-DNA Antibody

1998 • 18 citations

Transduction Efficacy of Tat-Cu,Zn-Superoxide Dismutase Is Enhanced by Copper Ion Recovery of the Fusion Protein

2002 • 18 citations

Peptides designed from molecular modeling studies of the ras -p21 protein induce phenotypic reversion of a pancreatic carcinoma cell line but have no effect on normal pancreatic acinar cell growth

2003 • 17 citations

Suppression of transmitter release by Tat HPC-1/syntaxin 1A fusion protein

2001 • 17 citations

Role of Trophic Factors on Neuroimmunity in Neurodegenerative Infectious Diseases

2002 • 16 citations

AP-4F, antennapedia peptide linked to an amphipathic α helical peptide, increases the efficiency of Lipofectamine-mediated gene transfection in endothelial cells

2003 • 16 citations

Peptide nucleic acid smugglers

1998 • 16 citations

Transduction of Immortalized Human Hepatocytes with p21 to Enhance Differentiated Phenotypes

2002 • 16 citations

Potential use of non-classical pathways for the transport of macromolecular drugs

2000 • 15 citations

Molecular cloning, expression, and function of osteoclastic calcineurin Aα

2003 • 15 citations

Transduction of a Functional Domain of the AT ₁ Receptor in Neurons by HIV-Tat PTD

2003 • 15 citations

Identification of Signal Transduction Pathways that Modulate Dibutyryl Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Activation of Stanniocalcin Gene Expression in Neuroblastoma Cells

2003 • 15 citations

Basic fibroblast growth factor-Pseudomonas exotoxin chimeric proteins; Comparison with acidic fibroblast growth factor-Pseudomonas exotoxin

1993 • 15 citations

Small HIV-1-Tat peptides inhibit HIV replication in cultured T-cells

2003 • 15 citations

Acidic fibroblast growth factor-Pseudomonas exotoxin chimeric protein elicits antiangiogenic effects on endothelial cells.

1992 • 14 citations

Nuclear Translocation of Upstream Stimulating Factor 2 (USF2) in Activated Mast Cells: A Possible Role in Their Survival

1998 • 14 citations

In vivo activities of acidic fibroblast growth factor-Pseudomonas exotoxin fusion proteins

1994 • 14 citations

DNA and Heparin Alter the Internalization Process of Anti-DNA Monoclonal Antibodies According to Patterns Typical of Both the Charged Molecule and the Antibody

2001 • 14 citations

The Prospects for Gene Therapy

1999 • 13 citations

Parallel Synthesis of PNA-Peptide Conjugate Libraries

2002 • 13 citations

Transfection of human endothelial cells with HIV-1tatgene activates NF-κB and enhances monocyte adhesion

2002 • 12 citations

Catch VP22: the hitch-hiker’s ride to gene therapy?

1999 • 12 citations

Inhibition of HIV-1 Tat Activity Correlates with Down-Regulation of bcl-2 and Results in Reduction of Angiogenesis and Oncogenicity

2002 • 12 citations

Protein therapy—delivery guaranteed

1999 • 11 citations

Dissecting Intracellular Signaling Pathways with Membrane-Permeable Peptides

2000 • 11 citations

Generation of p53 suppressor peptide from the fragment of p53 protein.

1999 • 11 citations

Growth factor enhanced retroviral gene transfer to the adult central nervous system

2000 • 11 citations

Polynucleotide aggregates enhance the transport of protein at the surface of cultured mammalian cells

1976 • 10 citations

Delivery of bioactive, gel-isolated proteins into live cells

2003 • 10 citations

In Vivo Generation of Cytotoxic T Cells from Epitopes Displayed on Peptide-Based Delivery Vehicles

2002 • 9 citations

High efficiency protein transduction of quiescent and proliferating primary hematopoietic cells

2003 • 8 citations

Lipid-Mediated Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Gene Transfer to Cultured Porcine Ventral Mesencephalic Tissue

2002 • 7 citations

Safety features of retroviral vectors.

2002 • 7 citations

Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of basic fibroblast growth factor promotes the survival of primary-cultured rat neuronal cells

2000 • 6 citations

Tat-Mediated Delivery of Antibodies into Cultured Cells

2003 • 3 citations

Inverse relationship of cotranslational translocation with the hydrophobic moment of the bovine preproparathyroid hormone signal sequence

1994 • 3 citations

HIV‐1 Tat protein disrupts the blood–brain barrier through the oxidative and inflammatory mechanisms

2003 • 2 citations