Superantigens and Their Potential Role in Human Disease

Shock and Tissue Injury Induced by Recombinant Human Cachectin

1986 • 2,587 citations

The shared epitope hypothesis. an approach to understanding the molecular genetics of susceptibility to rheumatoid arthritis

1987 • 2,539 citations

The foreign antigen binding site and T cell recognition regions of class I histocompatibility antigens

1987 • 2,403 citations

T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus

1987 • 2,248 citations

The Staphylococcal Enterotoxins and Their Relatives

1990 • 1,914 citations

Cachectin: More Than a Tumor Necrosis Factor

1987 • 1,457 citations

The Treatment of Kawasaki Syndrome with Intravenous Gamma Globulin

1986 • 1,381 citations

[Acute febrile mucocutaneous syndrome with lymphoid involvement with specific desquamation of the fingers and toes in children].

1967 • 1,306 citations

Transfer of a functional human immune system to mice with severe combined immunodeficiency

1988 • 1,248 citations

Severe Group A Streptococcal Infections Associated with a Toxic Shock-like Syndrome and Scarlet Fever Toxin A

1989 • 1,236 citations

A Single Intravenous Infusion of Gamma Globulin as Compared with Four Infusions in the Treatment of Acute Kawasaki Syndrome

1991 • 1,178 citations

A hypothetical model of the foreign antigen binding site of Class II histocompatibility molecules

1988 • 1,161 citations

The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice

1989 • 1,095 citations

Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls-modified products of the major histocompatibility complex

1988 • 1,036 citations

lnterleukin-2 programs mouse αβ T lymphocytes for apoptosis

1991 • 1,027 citations

TOXIC-SHOCK SYNDROME ASSOCIATED WITH PHAGE-GROUP-I STAPHYLOCOCCI

1978 • 1,017 citations

The T Lymphocyte in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis

1990 • 1,005 citations

Interaction of Staphylococcus aureus toxin "superantigens" with human T cells.

1989 • 1,000 citations

Galactosamine-induced sensitization to the lethal effects of endotoxin.

1979 • 940 citations

Activation-induced death by apoptosis in CD4+ T cells from human immunodeficiency virus-infected asymptomatic individuals.

1992 • 907 citations

Extrathymic tolerance of mature T cells: Clonal elimination as a consequence of immunity

1990 • 904 citations

T-cell receptor Vβ use predicts reactivity and tolerance to Mlsa- encoded antigens

1988 • 901 citations

HIGH-DOSE INTRAVENOUS GAMMAGLOBULIN FOR KAWASAKI DISEASE

1984 • 831 citations

Superantigens: Mechanism of T-Cell Stimulation and Role in Immune Responses

1991 • 783 citations

ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME AND THE COUGH REFLEX

1987 • 744 citations

Vβ-Specific Stimulation of Human T Cells by Staphylococcal Toxins

1989 • 711 citations

Universally immunogenic T cell epitopes: promiscuous binding to human MHC class II and promiscuous recognition by T cells

1989 • 706 citations

Crosslinking CD4 by human immunodeficiency virus gp120 primes T cells for activation-induced apoptosis.

1992 • 689 citations

Programmed cell death and extrathymic reduction of Vβ8+CD4+ T cells in mice tolerant to Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B

1991 • 675 citations

Identification and Characterization of an Exotoxin from Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Toxic-Shock Syndrome

1981 • 668 citations

A NEW STAPHYLOCOCCAL ENTEROTOXIN, ENTEROTOXIN F, ASSOCIATED WITH TOXIC-SHOCK-SYNDROME STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS ISOLATES

1981 • 644 citations

Toxic-Shock Syndrome in Menstruating Women

1980 • 638 citations

Evidence for the Effects of a Superantigen in Rheumatoid Arthritis

1991 • 632 citations

The outline structure of the T-cell alpha beta receptor.

1988 • 625 citations

H-2 compatability requirement for T-cell-mediated lysis of target cells infected with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus. Different cytotoxic T-cell specificities are associated with structures coded for in H-2K or H-2D;.

1975 • 623 citations

Warner-Lambert/Parke-Davis award lecture. Cytokine-mediated activation of vascular endothelium. Physiology and pathology.

1988 • 597 citations

T cell-mediated lethal shock triggered in mice by the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: critical role of tumor necrosis factor.

1992 • 595 citations

Clinical and Bacteriologic Observations of a Toxic Shock–like Syndrome Due toStreptococcus pyogenes

1987 • 581 citations

Lethal toxicity of lipopolysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor in normal and D-galactosamine-treated mice.

1987 • 560 citations

Pathology of the Heart in Kawasaki Disease

1978 • 550 citations

Toxic-Shock Syndrome

1980 • 540 citations

Structure of exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 3.0-Angstrom resolution.

1986 • 517 citations

The T-cell repertoire is heavily influenced by tolerance to polymorphic self-antigens

1988 • 491 citations

Staphylococcal and Streptococcal Pyrogenic Toxins Involved in Toxic Shock Syndrome and Related Illnesses

1990 • 477 citations

Clonal anergy induced in mature Vβ6+ T lymphocytes on immunizing Mls-1b mice with Mls-1a expressing cells

1989 • 462 citations

Fate of coronary aneurysms in Kawasaki disease: Serial coronary angiography and long-term follow-up study

1982 • 459 citations

Superantigens interact with MHC class II molecules outside of the antigen groove

1990 • 438 citations

Small B cells as antigen-presenting cells in the induction of tolerance to soluble protein antigens.

1992 • 435 citations

Apoptosis as a mechanism of cell death in cultured T lymphoblasts acutely infected with HIV-1.

1991 • 432 citations

Streptococcus pyogenes causing toxic-shock-like syndrome and other invasive diseases: clonal diversity and pyrogenic exotoxin expression.

1991 • 429 citations

T cell stimulation by staphylococcal enterotoxins. Clonally variable response and requirement for major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on accessory or target cells.

1988 • 427 citations

Epstein-Barr Virus Infections: Biology, Pathogenesis, and Management

1993 • 412 citations

A T cell receptor Vβ segment that imparts reactivity to a class II major histocompatibility complex product

1987 • 408 citations

A novel population of T-cell receptor αβ-bearing thymocytes which predominantly expresses a single Vβ gene family

1987 • 397 citations

A superantigen encoded in the open reading frame of the 3′ long terminal repeat of mouse mammary tumour virus

1991 • 394 citations

High-affinity binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B to HLA-DR

1989 • 388 citations

Shared Human T Cell Receptor V _β Usage to Immunodominant Regions of Myelin Basic Protein

1990 • 386 citations

The Mitogenic Effects of Endotoxin and Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B on Mouse Spleen Cells and Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

1970 • 385 citations

Death of mature T cells by separate ligation of CD4 and the T-cell receptor for antigen

1990 • 375 citations

ENDOTHELIAL CELL ACTIVATION AND HIGH INTERLEUKIN-1 SECRETION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF ACUTE KAWASAKI DISEASE

1989 • 373 citations

In vivo induction of anergy in peripheral V beta 8+ T cells by staphylococcal enterotoxin B.

1990 • 370 citations

Selective expansion of T cells expressing V beta 2 in toxic shock syndrome.

1990 • 359 citations

Selective expansion of T cells expressing T-cell receptor variable regions V beta 2 and V beta 8 in Kawasaki disease.

1992 • 359 citations

The toxicity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice is mediated by T cells.

1990 • 347 citations

T‐Cell Responses to Mls and to Bacterial Proteins that Mimic its Behavior^#

1989 • 337 citations

A maternally inherited superantigen encoded by a mammary tumour virus

1991 • 335 citations

The MHC molecule I-E is necessary but not sufficient for the clonal deletion of V beta 11-bearing T cells.

1989 • 331 citations

Clonal expansion precedes anergy and death of V_β8⁺ peripheral T cells responding to staphylococcal enterotoxin B in vivo

1991 • 330 citations

Selective Depletion in HIV Infection of T Cells that Bear Specific T Cell Receptor V _β Sequences

1991 • 322 citations

Both rat and mouse T cell receptors specific for the encephalitogenic determinant of myelin basic protein use similar V alpha and V beta chain genes even though the major histocompatibility complex and encephalitogenic determinants being recognized are different.

1989 • 321 citations

Clonal basis for resurgence of serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease in the 1980s

1992 • 320 citations

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoproliferative disease in the SCID mouse model: implications for the pathogenesis of EBV-positive lymphomas in man.

1991 • 317 citations

Selective anergy of V beta 8+,CD4+ T cells in Staphylococcus enterotoxin B-primed mice.

1990 • 312 citations

Linkage of Mls genes to endogenous mammary tumour viruses of inbred mice

1991 • 307 citations

Crystal structure of staphylococcal enterotoxin B, a superantigen

1992 • 304 citations

Residues of the variable region of the T-cell-receptor β-chain that interact with S. aureus toxin superantigens

1990 • 301 citations

Genes encoding ligands for deletion of Vβ11 T cells cosegregate with mammary tumour virus genomes

1991 • 297 citations

Limited T-cell receptor beta-chain heterogeneity among interleukin 2 receptor-positive synovial T cells suggests a role for superantigen in rheumatoid arthritis.

1991 • 297 citations

Cloning, nucleotide sequence, and expression in Escherichia coli of the exotoxin A structural gene of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

1984 • 286 citations

An endogenous retrovirus mediating deletion of αβ T cells?

1991 • 278 citations

Clonal deletion of V β814-bearing T cells in mice transgenic for mammary tumour virus

1991 • 277 citations

Toxic shock syndrome-associated staphylococcal and streptococcal pyrogenic toxins are potent inducers of tumor necrosis factor production

1989 • 274 citations

Diversity and structure of human T-cell receptor alpha-chain variable region genes.

1987 • 274 citations

Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A Is Encoded by Phage

1985 • 269 citations

Class II MHC Molecules Are Specific Receptors for Staphylococcus Enterotoxin A

1989 • 267 citations

Deletion of self-reactive thymocytes occurs at a CD4+8+ precursor stage

1988 • 265 citations

HLA-DR alleles differ in their ability to present staphylococcal enterotoxins to T cells.

1990 • 253 citations

On the interaction of promiscuous antigenic peptides with different DR alleles. Identification of common structural motifs.

1991 • 242 citations

Identification of the region of T cell receptor β chain that interacts with the self-superantigen MIs-1a

1990 • 242 citations

Profound deletion of mature T cells in vivo by chronic exposure to exogenous superantigen.

1993 • 241 citations

Biological Effects of Staphylococcal Enterotoxin A on Human Peripheral Lymphocytes

1978 • 236 citations

Mls — a retrovirus exploits the immune system

1991 • 233 citations

Sequences and repertoire of the human T cell receptor α and β chain variable region genes in thymocytes

1987 • 226 citations

Transgenic mouse mammary tumor virus superantigen expression prevents viral infection

1992 • 223 citations

Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 as an inducer of human tumor necrosis factors and gamma interferon.

1988 • 221 citations

Peripheral Clonal Elimination of Functional T Cells

1990 • 213 citations

Mutations defining functional regions of the superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B.

1992 • 208 citations

Molecular analysis of pyrogenic exotoxins from Streptococcus pyogenes isolates associated with toxic shock-like syndrome

1991 • 199 citations

A Virus-Encoded "Superantigen" in a Retrovirus-Induced Immunodeficiency Syndrome of Mice

1991 • 198 citations

Intrathymic deletion of self-reactive cells prevented by neonatal anti-CD4 antibody treatment

1988 • 197 citations

Restricted T-cell receptor V beta gene usage by myelin basic protein-specific T-cell clones in multiple sclerosis: predominant genes vary in individuals.

1991 • 193 citations

Requirement for Cotolerogenic Gene Products in the Clonal Deletion of I-E Reactive T Cells

1990 • 193 citations

National Surveillance of Kawasaki Disease

1980 • 192 citations

Characterization of T cell repertoire changes in acute Kawasaki disease.

1993 • 190 citations

T‐Cell Unresponsiveness in vivo and in vitro: Fine Specificity of Induction and Molecular Characterization of the Unresponsive State

1987 • 190 citations

Binding of staphylococcal enterotoxin A to accessory cells is a requirement for its ability to activate human T cells.

1988 • 187 citations

Infection breaks T-cell tolerance

1992 • 174 citations

Superantigenicity of streptococcal M protein.

1990 • 170 citations

Effects of Interleukin-2 on Renal Function in Patients Receiving Immunotherapy for Advanced Cancer

1987 • 170 citations

Binding of staphylococcal enterotoxin A to HLA-DR on B cell lines.

1989 • 169 citations

The Mycoplasma arthritidis T-cell mitogen MAM: a model superantigen

1991 • 168 citations

Evidence for a viral superantigen in humans

1992 • 167 citations

A role for clonal inactivation in T cell tolerance to Mis-1a

1990 • 166 citations

Epstein-Barr virus induces aggressive lymphoproliferative disorders of human B cell origin in SCID/hu chimeric mice.

1990 • 165 citations

Multiple, heart-cross-reactive epitopes of streptococcal M proteins.

1985 • 164 citations

Engagement of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules induces sustained, lymphocyte function-associated molecule 1-dependent cell adhesion.

1990 • 163 citations

Immunogenetic and Biological Aspects of in Vitro Lymphocyte Allotransformation (MLR) in the Mouse

1973 • 159 citations

Nucleotide sequence of the type A streptococcal exotoxin (erythrogenic toxin) gene from Streptococcus pyogenes bacteriophage T12

1986 • 157 citations

Transcriptional activation of IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha genes by MHC class II ligands.

1991 • 155 citations

Induction of human interleukin-1 by a product of Staphylococcus aureus associated with toxic shock syndrome.

1984 • 152 citations

The region of mouse mammary tumor virus DNA containing the long terminal repeat includes a long coding sequence and signals for hormonally regulated transcription.

1982 • 152 citations

Superantigen implicated in dependence of HIV-1 replication in T cells on TCR V β expression

1992 • 152 citations

Preferential V beta gene usage and lack of junctional sequence conservation among human T cell receptors specific for a tetanus toxin-derived peptide: evidence for a dominant role of a germline-encoded V region in antigen/major histocompatibility complex recognition.

1992 • 150 citations

Nucleotide sequence of the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type B gene and relationship between the toxin and the streptococcal proteinase precursor

1990 • 149 citations

Stimulation of B10.BR T cells with superantigenic staphylococcal toxins.

1990 • 143 citations

Superantigens: Biology, immunology, and potential role in disease

1992 • 142 citations

Nucleotide sequence of the staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 gene and relatedness to other pyrogenic toxins

1987 • 141 citations

Major histocompatibility complex independent clonal T cell anergy by direct interaction of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B with the T cell antigen receptor.

1992 • 140 citations

Induction of Human Interleukin-l by Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Toxin-1

1985 • 138 citations

Selective stimulation of human T cells with streptococcal erythrogenic toxins A and B.

1991 • 137 citations

A standardized nomenclature for endogenous mouse mammary tumor viruses

1987 • 136 citations

An exogenous mouse mammary tumor virus with properties of Mls-1a (Mtv-7).

1992 • 136 citations

Superantigen-reactive CD4+ T cells are required to stimulate B cells after infection with mouse mammary tumor virus.

1993 • 136 citations

A potential role for microbial superantigens in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune disease

1991 • 135 citations

Staphylococcal exotoxin activation of T cells. Role of exotoxin-MHC class II binding affinity and class II isotype.

1991 • 130 citations

Bacterial proteins that mediate the association of a defined subset of T cell receptor:CD4 complexes with class II MHC.

1990 • 130 citations

An evolutionary conserved mechanism of T cell activation by microbial toxins. Evidence for different affinities of T cell receptor-toxin interaction.

1991 • 126 citations

Characterization of a rat monoclonal antibody specific for a determinant encoded by the V beta 7 gene segment. Depletion of V beta 7+ T cells in mice with Mls-1a haplotype.

1990 • 124 citations

Preferential expression of the T-cell receptor Vβ3 gene by Mlsc reactive T cells

1988 • 123 citations

Fractional Statistics: Early Work

1990 • 122 citations

Two adjacent residues in staphylococcal enterotoxins A and E determine T cell receptor V beta specificity.

1993 • 122 citations

Zinc regulates the function of two superantigens.

1992 • 122 citations

Identification of the staphylococcal enterotoxin A superantigen binding site in the beta 1 domain of the human histocompatibility antigen HLA-DR.

1991 • 119 citations

Staphylococcal enterotoxins can reactivate experimental allergic encephalomyelitis.

1993 • 119 citations

Different staphylococcal enterotoxins bind preferentially to distinct major histocompatibility complex class ii isotypes

1989 • 118 citations

The Hemodynamic Effects of Treatment with Interleukin-2 and Lymphokine-Activated Killer Cells

1988 • 118 citations

Identification of HLA-DR1 beta chain residues critical for binding staphylococcal enterotoxins A and E.

1992 • 116 citations

Diversity and structure of human T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region genes.

1986 • 112 citations

Effect of isotypes and allelic polymorphism on the binding of staphylococcal exotoxins to MHC class II molecules.

1990 • 110 citations

Food-Borne Infections and Intoxications

1953 • 110 citations

The V beta 17+ T cell repertoire: skewed J beta usage after thymic selection; dissimilar CDR3s in CD4+ versus CD8+ cells.

1991 • 109 citations

Production of Tumor Necrosis Factor by Human Monocytes in Response to Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Toxin-1

1988 • 108 citations

Phenotype, ontogeny, and repertoire of CD4-CD8- T cell receptor alpha beta + thymocytes. Variable influence of self-antigens on T cell receptor V beta usage.

1991 • 107 citations

Staphylococcal enterotoxin B and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 bind to distinct sites on HLA-DR and HLA-DQ molecules.

1989 • 105 citations

A third T-cell receptor beta-chain variable region gene encodes reactivity to Mls-1a gene products.

1989 • 105 citations

The human T cell receptor beta-chain gene complex contains at least 57 variable gene segments. Identification of six V beta genes in four new gene families.

1991 • 105 citations

Distinct T-cell receptor V beta gene usage by human T lymphocytes stimulated with the streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and pep M5 protein

1992 • 104 citations

Engagement of major histocompatibility complex class II molecules by superantigen induces inflammatory cytokine gene expression in human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes.

1992 • 103 citations

Induction of Neonatal Tolerance to Mls^aAntigens by CD8⁺T Cells

1990 • 103 citations

The MMTV LTR Promoter is Induced by Progesterone and Dihydrotestosterone but not by Estrogen

1988 • 102 citations

Group A streptococcal M proteins: virulence factors and protective antigens

1992 • 101 citations

Sequence and transcription of Raji Epstein-Barr virus DNA spanning the B95-8 deletion region

1990 • 101 citations

High-dose gammaglobulin therapy for Kawasaki disease

1987 • 101 citations

The α1 domain of the HLA-DR molecule is essential for high-affinity binding of the toxic shock syndrome toxin-1

1990 • 100 citations

Induction by Toxic-Shock-Syndrome Toxin-1 of a Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor-Like Substance in Rabbits and of Immunoreactive Tumor Necrosis Factor and Interleukin-1 from Human Mononuclear Cells

1988 • 99 citations

The staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 triggers B cell proliferation and differentiation via major histocompatibility complex-unrestricted cognate T/B cell interaction.

1989 • 96 citations

Analysis of the interaction site for the self superantigen Mls-1a on T cell receptor V beta.

1991 • 95 citations

Human immune response to immunization with a structurally defined polypeptide fragment of streptococcal M protein.

1979 • 95 citations

Mediators in the Pathogenesis of Toxic Shock Syndrome: Overview

1989 • 95 citations

Stimulation of human T cells by streptococcal "superantigen" erythrogenic toxins (scarlet fever toxins).

1993 • 94 citations

T cell receptor V gene usage by human T cells stimulated with the superantigen streptococcal M protein.

1991 • 93 citations

Detection and biochemical characterization of the mouse mammary tumor virus 7 superantigen (Mls-1a)

1992 • 93 citations

Toxic shock syndrome

1988 • 92 citations

Relationship between enterotoxic- and T lymphocyte-stimulating activity of staphylococcal enterotoxin B.

1990 • 91 citations

The Bacterial and Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Superantigens; Two Different Families of Proteins with the Same Functions

1993 • 91 citations

Lymphoproliferative disease in human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-injected SCID mice. I. T lymphocyte requirement for B cell tumor generation.

1992 • 90 citations

Restricted tissue distribution of Mlsa determinants. Stimulation of Mlsa-reactive T cells by B cells but not by dendritic cells or macrophages.

1989 • 90 citations

Antigen recognition properties of mutant V beta 3+ T cell receptors are consistent with an immunoglobulin-like structure for the receptor.

1993 • 89 citations

Superantigen can reactivate bacterial cell wall-induced arthritis.

1993 • 88 citations

Direct binding of secreted T-cell receptor beta chain to superantigen associated with class II major histocompatibility complex protein.

1991 • 87 citations

Staphylococcal toxins bind to different sites on HLA-DR.

1991 • 86 citations

Clinical aspects and spectrum of illness of toxic shock syndrome: overview.

1989 • 86 citations

Nucleotide sequence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin type C

1988 • 85 citations

Intervention of T-cells in transportation of mouse mammary tumor virus (milk factor) to mammary gland cells in vivo.

1988 • 85 citations

Factors controlling the expression of mouse mammary tumour virus

1992 • 85 citations

The immunobiology of the T cell response to Mls-locus-disparate stimulator cells. I. Unidirectionality, new strain combinations, and the role of Ia antigens.

1985 • 85 citations

The mouse mammary tumour virus long terminal repeat encodes a type II transmembrane glycoprotein.

1992 • 84 citations

T lymphocyte activation by staphylococcal enterotoxins: Role of class II molecules and T cell surface structures

1989 • 84 citations

Mls-1 is encoded by the long terminal repeat open reading frame of the mouse mammary tumor provirus Mtv-7.

1992 • 83 citations

The effects of chronic infection with a superantigen-producing virus.

1992 • 83 citations

The open reading frames in the 3' long terminal repeats of several mouse mammary tumor virus integrants encode V beta 3-specific superantigens.

1992 • 83 citations

Clinical Aspects and Spectrum of Illness of TSS: Overview

1989 • 82 citations

Endogenous superantigen expression is controlled by mouse mammary tumor proviral loci.

1991 • 82 citations

Selective Elements for the Vß Region of the T Cell Receptor: MIs and the Bacterial Toxic Mitogens

1991 • 82 citations

Inherited polymorphism of the human T-cell antigen receptor detected by a monoclonal antibody.

1986 • 81 citations

Structural analysis of a mouse mammary tumor virus superantigen.

1992 • 81 citations

Enterotoxin residues determining T-cell receptor Vβ binding specificity

1992 • 77 citations

Prevention of giant coronary artery aneurysms in Kawasaki disease by intravenous gamma globulin therapy

1988 • 77 citations

The SJL/J T cell response to both spontaneous and transplantable syngeneic reticulum cell sarcoma is mediated predominantly by the V beta 17a+ T cell clonotype.

1988 • 75 citations

Influence of T cell receptor V alpha expression on Mlsa superantigen-specific T cell responses.

1992 • 75 citations

Reduction of lupus nephritis in MRL/lpr mice by a bacterial superantigen treatment.

1991 • 75 citations

Phylogenetic and Structural Analyses of MMTV LTR ORF Sequences of Exogenous and Endogenous Origins

1993 • 74 citations

Genomically imposed and somatically modified human thymocyte V beta gene repertoires.

1991 • 74 citations

Association of exotoxin-producing Group A streptococci and severe disease in children

1991 • 74 citations

Localization of a site on bacterial superantigens that determines T cell receptor beta chain specificity.

1993 • 73 citations

Conservation of gene organization in the lymphotropic herpesviruses herpesvirus Saimiri and Epstein-Barr virus

1988 • 72 citations

Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis. I. Transformation is associated with an H-2-linked gene that maps to the I-E/I-C subregion.

1981 • 72 citations

Activation of murine T cells by toxic shock syndrome toxin-1. The toxin-binding structures expressed on murine accessory cells are MHC class II molecules.

1989 • 70 citations

Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis (MAM). VIII. Selective activation of T cells expressing distinct V beta T cell receptors from various strains of mice by the "superantigen" MAM.

1990 • 70 citations

Surprisingly uneven distribution of the T cell receptor V beta repertoire in wild mice.

1990 • 69 citations

Characterization of human T cells reactive with the Mycoplasma arthritidis-derived superantigen (MAM): generation of a monoclonal antibody against V beta 17, the T cell receptor gene product expressed by a large fraction of MAM-reactive human T cells.

1991 • 69 citations

T cell receptor alpha-chain influences reactivity to Mls-1 in V beta 8.1 transgenic mice.

1992 • 69 citations

Selective expansion of T cells expressing T-cell receptor variable regions Vβ2 and Vβ8 in Kawasaki disease

1992 • 68 citations

T lymphocyte responses to Mls locus antigens involve recognition of H-2 I region gene products

1977 • 65 citations

Relative V beta transcript levels in thymus and peripheral lymphoid tissues from various mouse strains. Inverse correlation of I-E and Mls expression with relative abundance of several V beta transcripts in peripheral lymphoid tissues.

1989 • 65 citations

Clonal analysis of human T cell activation by the Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen (MAS)

1988 • 65 citations

Selective decreases in T cell receptor V beta expression. Decreased expression of specific V beta families is associated with expression of multiple MHC and non-MHC gene products.

1989 • 63 citations

Evidence that Mls-2 antigens which delete V beta 3+ T cells are controlled by multiple genes.

1989 • 62 citations

T-cell antigen receptor Vβ subsets are not preferentially deleted in AIDS

1993 • 61 citations

Helper T cell-dependent human B cell differentiation mediated by a mycoplasmal superantigen bridge.

1990 • 61 citations

Linkage of superantigen-like stimulation of syngeneic T cells in a mouse model of follicular center B cell lymphoma to transcription of endogenous mammary tumor virus.

1993 • 61 citations

Further Evidence for the Protein Coding Potential of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Long Terminal Repeat: Nucleotide Sequence of an Endogenous Proviral Long Terminal Repeat

1983 • 60 citations

Activation of Polyphosphoinositide Hydrolysis in T Cells by H-2 Alloantigen But Not MLS Determinants

1990 • 59 citations

Self superantigens?

1990 • 59 citations

Localization of an immune functional site on staphylococcal enterotoxin A using the synthetic peptide approach.

1989 • 59 citations

Scid mouse model of epstein-barr virus-induced lymphomagenesis of immunodeficient humans

1991 • 59 citations

Molecular events in B lymphocyte differentiation. Inducible expression of the endogenous mouse mammary tumor proviral gene, Mtv-9.

1990 • 58 citations

Engagement of MHC-class II molecules by staphylococcal exotoxins delivers a comitogenic signal to human B cells.

1991 • 57 citations

Properties of reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice. V. Nature of reticulum cell sarcoma surface antigen which induces proliferation of normal SJL/J T cells.

1977 • 57 citations

Skin reactivity of unsensitized monkeys upon challenge with staphylococcal enterotoxin B: a new approach for investigating the site of toxin action

1985 • 57 citations

Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis. V. A small basic protein from culture supernatants is a potent T cell mitogen.

1986 • 57 citations

Mutants of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1: mitogenicity and recognition by a neutralizing monoclonal antibody

1990 • 56 citations

Identification of HLA-DR alpha chain residues critical for binding of the toxic shock syndrome toxin superantigen.

1992 • 56 citations

Separation of T-cell-stimulating activity from streptococcal M protein

1992 • 56 citations

Induction of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 by purified staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 requires the presence of both monocytes and T lymphocytes

1992 • 56 citations

Properties of reticulum cell sarcomas in SJL/J mice

1976 • 55 citations

Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin is a superantigen reactive with human T cell receptors V beta 6.9 and V beta 22.

1992 • 53 citations

A characteristic Mls-1a response precedes Mls-1a anergy in vivo.

1991 • 53 citations

Cyclosporin A markedly enhances superantigen-induced peripheral T cell deletion and inhibits anergy induction.

1992 • 52 citations

Toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 induces inositol phospholipid turnover, protein kinase C translocation, and calcium mobilization in human T cells.

1988 • 52 citations

Characterization, chromosome assignment, and segregation analysis of endogenous proviral units of mouse mammary tumor virus

1986 • 51 citations

Major histocompatibility complex-specific recognition of Mls-1 is mediated by multiple elements of the T cell receptor.

1993 • 50 citations

Cellular and biochemical responses of human T lymphocytes stimulated with streptococcal M proteins.

1989 • 49 citations

Superantigens and Endogenous Retroviruses: A Confluence of Puzzles

1992 • 49 citations

Protection against the staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced intestinal disorder in the monkey by anti-idiotypic antibodies.

1988 • 49 citations

Rheumatogenic group A streptococci and the return of rheumatic fever.

1990 • 48 citations

MYCOPLASMA-INDUCED ARTHRITIS

1985 • 48 citations

Role of superantigens in the pathogenesis of infectious diseases and their sequelae

1992 • 47 citations

Response of mature unprimed CD8+ T cells to Mlsa determinants.

1990 • 47 citations

Macrophages and T cells do not express Mlsa determinants.

1989 • 47 citations

Gene expression in cells infected with gammaherpesvirus saimiri: properties of transcripts from two immediate-early genes

1990 • 46 citations

Conventional antigen and superantigen may be coupled to distinct and cooperative T-cell activation pathways.

1991 • 46 citations

Cell and receptor requirements for streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin T-cell mitogenicity

1991 • 45 citations

Bacterial toxins as probes for the T-cell antigen receptor

1989 • 45 citations

GROUP A BETA-HEMOLYTIC STREPTOCOCCAL TOXIC SHOCK-LIKE SYNDROME

1990 • 44 citations

Characterization of the ligand(s) responsible for negative selection of V beta 11- and V beta 12-expressing T cells: effects of a new Mls determinant.

1990 • 44 citations

Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen. V_β engaged in mice, rats, and humans, and requirement of HLA‐DRα for presentation

1992 • 44 citations

Syngeneic response to SJL follicular center B cell lymphoma (reticular cell sarcoma) cells is primarily in V beta 16+ CD4+ T cells.

1993 • 44 citations

Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis. VII. Responsiveness is associated with expression of a product(s) of the V beta 8 gene family present on the T cell receptor alpha/beta for antigen.

1989 • 44 citations

Blastogenic responses of human lymphocytes to structurally defined polypeptide fragments of streptococcal M protein.

1981 • 43 citations

Thymic selection defines multiple T cell receptor V beta ‘repertoire phenotypes’ at the CD4/CD8 subset level.

1990 • 43 citations

Co-segregation of a gene encoding a deletion ligand for Tcrb-V3+ T cells with Mtv-3

1991 • 43 citations

CD8+ T cells respond clonally to Mls-1a-encoded determinants.

1990 • 41 citations

Immunologic aspects of Kawasaki syndrome.

1990 • 41 citations

Cooperative effects of colony-stimulating factor 1 and recombinant interleukin 2 on proliferation and induction of cytotoxicity of macrophage precursors generated from mouse bone marrow cell cultures.

1989 • 41 citations

CD4 expression is differentially required for deletion of MLS-1a-reactive T cells.

1992 • 41 citations

Kawasaki syndrome: clinical features. Pathophysiology, etiology and therapy.

1990 • 41 citations

Studies on the mechanism of stimulation of T cells by the Mycoplasma arthritidis-derived mitogen. Role of class II IE molecules.

1987 • 41 citations

Microbial "superantigens"

1990 • 41 citations

The superantigen Pseudomonas exotoxin a requires additional functions from accessory cells for T lymphocyte proliferation

1991 • 40 citations

T cell tolerance to self antigens in New Zealand hybrid mice with lupus-like disease.

1989 • 39 citations

Structural basis for differential binding of staphylococcal enterotoxin A and toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 to class II major histocompatibility molecules.

1991 • 39 citations

Kawasaki disease

1993 • 38 citations

Analysis of V beta 17a expression in new mouse strains bearing the V beta a haplotype.

1989 • 37 citations

Physiologic expression of two superantigens in the BDF1 mouse.

1991 • 36 citations

Regulated expression of mouse mammary tumor proviral genes in cells of the B lineage.

1991 • 35 citations

Biological and immunological properties of the carboxyl terminus of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1

1989 • 35 citations

Binding of toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 to murine major histocompatibility complex class II molecules

1990 • 34 citations

Mls-1-like superantigen in the MA/MyJ mouse is encoded by a new mammary tumor provirus that is distinct from Mtv-7.

1992 • 34 citations

Specific receptor binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins by murine splenic lymphocytes

1981 • 33 citations

Molecular cloning and sequencing of the Mtv-1 LTR: Evidence for a LTR sequence alteration

1989 • 31 citations

Downregulation of T cell responses by antibodies to the T cell receptor.

1987 • 31 citations

Inhibition of mouse mammary tumor virus-induced T cell responses in vivo by antibodies to an open reading frame protein.

1992 • 31 citations

Biochemical analysis of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal repeat product. Evidence for the molecular structure of an endogenous superantigen

1992 • 31 citations

Differential induction of interferon gamma gene expression after activation of CD4+ T cells by conventional antigen and Mls superantigen.

1991 • 30 citations

Divergent viral superantigens delete V beta 5+ T lymphocytes.

1992 • 30 citations

Specificity of a mycoplasma mitogen for lymphocytes from human and various animal hosts

1982 • 30 citations

SEB induced anergy: modulation of immune response to T cell determinants of myoglobin and myelin basic protein.

1993 • 30 citations

The use of transfected fibroblasts and transgenic mice establishes that stimulation of T cells by the Mycoplasma arthritidis mitogen is mediated by E alpha.

1990 • 29 citations

The CD8 T cell response to staphylococcal enterotoxins

1993 • 29 citations

The I-Aβb region (65–85) is a binding site for the superantigen, staphylococcal enterotoxin A

1990 • 29 citations

Sequences in both class II major histocompatibility complex alpha and beta chains contribute to the binding of the superantigen toxic shock syndrome toxin 1.

1992 • 29 citations

Both alpha-helices along the major histocompatibility complex binding cleft are required for staphylococcal enterotoxin A function.

1991 • 28 citations

Detection of Serum Antibody by the Antimitogen Assay against Streptococcal Erythrogenic Toxins. Age Distribution in Children and the Relation to Kawasaki Disease

1990 • 27 citations

Major histocompatibility complex-restricted recognition of retroviral superantigens by V beta 17+ T cells.

1992 • 26 citations

Production and characterization of an Mls-1-specific monoclonal antibody.

1993 • 25 citations

Superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B-induced T-helper cell activation is independent of CD4 molecules and phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis.

1992 • 25 citations

Different large deletions of t cell receptor v_β genes in natural populations of mice^*

1989 • 25 citations

Molecular evidence that SJL reticulum cell sarcomas are derived from pre-B cell. Clonal rearrangement of heavy chain but not of light chain immunoglobulin genes.

1987 • 25 citations

Kawasaki Syndrome: Clinical Features. Pathophysiology, Etiology and Therapy

1991 • 25 citations

Analysis of T cell receptor V_β gene usage in primary mixed lymphocyte reactions : evidence for directive usage by different antigen‐presenting cells and Mls‐like determinants on T cell blasts

1990 • 25 citations

Hierarchy of responsiveness in vivo and in vitro among T cells expressing distinct MIs‐1^a‐reactive V_β domains

1992 • 23 citations

Stimulation and Expansion of a Human T-Cell Subpopulation by a Monoclonal Antibody to T-Cell Receptor Molecule

1986 • 23 citations

Growth of SJL/J-derived transplantable reticulum cell sarcoma as related to its ability to induce T-cell proliferation in the host. I. Dominant negative genetic influences of other parent haplotype in F1 hybrids of SJL/J mice.

1980 • 22 citations

Animal Models for Toxic Shock Syndrome: Overview

1989 • 22 citations

Nucleocapsid specific T and B cell responses in humans after rabies vaccination

1992 • 22 citations

CD8+ T cell response to Mls-1a determinants involves major histocompatibility complex class II molecules.

1991 • 19 citations

Stimulation of mouse lymphocytes by a mitogen derived from Mycoplasma arthritidis. IV. Murine T hybridoma cells exhibit differential accessory cell requirements for activation by M. arthritidis T cell mitogen, concanavalin A, or hen egg-white lysozyme.

1986 • 19 citations

T-helper-cell-specific monoclonal antibody inhibits growth of B-cell lymphomas in syngeneic SJL/J mice

1989 • 19 citations

Binding competition of toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 and other staphylococcal exoproteins for receptors on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

1990 • 19 citations

V beta 17 T-cell deletion by endogenous mammary tumor virus in wild-type-derived mouse strain.

1992 • 18 citations

Factors influencing the fate of T cells responding to Mls antigens.

1992 • 18 citations

T-cell Recognition of Superantigens: Inside or Outside the Groove?

1989 • 16 citations

A congenic line of the BALB/c mouse strain with the endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus proviral gene Mtv-3: tissue-specific expression and correlation with resistance to mouse mammary tumor virus infection and tumorigenesis.

1990 • 16 citations

Regulation of Ia+ reticulum cell sarcoma (RCS) growth in syngeneic SJL/J mice. I. Inhibition of tumor growth by passive administration of L3T4 monoclonal antibody before or after tumor inoculation.

1987 • 16 citations

Not every superantigen induces tolerance in vivo

1993 • 14 citations

Processing requirements for T cell activation by Mycoplasma arthritidis‐derived mitogen

1988 • 14 citations

Genetic analysis of the Mls system. Formal Mls typing of the commonly used inbred strains

1991 • 14 citations

Mouse mammary tumor proviral gene expression in cells of the B lineage.

1992 • 13 citations

Infectious origins of superantigens

1991 • 13 citations

Toxic shock syndrome toxin 1 binds to major histocompatibility complex class II molecules

1989 • 13 citations

The in vivo depletion of V beta 17a+ T cells results in the inhibition of reticulum cell sarcoma growth in SJL/J mice. Evidence for the use of anticlonotypic antibody therapy in the control of malignancy.

1989 • 12 citations

Disruptions in intracellular membrane trafficking and structure preclude the glucocorticoid-dependent maturation of mouse mammary tumor virus proteins in rat hepatoma cells.

1992 • 10 citations

Clinical and epidemiologic aspects of kawasaki disease

1991 • 9 citations

T cell recognition of Mls-like superantigens: analysis of TCR requirements, superantigenic ligands, and signal transduction.

1992 • 9 citations

Mls superantigens: how retroviruses influence the expressed T cell receptor repertoire.

1992 • 9 citations

Mouse strain differences in subset distribution and T cell antigen receptor expression among CD4⁻CD8⁻ thymocytes

1988 • 7 citations

Response of V_β8.1⁺ T cell clones to self Mls-1^a: implications for the origin of autoreactive T cells

1992 • 7 citations

Clonal deletion of V beta 17 T cells in mice from natural populations.

1992 • 6 citations

Inhibition of IA positive reticulum cell sarcoma tumor cell growth in syngeneic SJL/J mice by passive administration of monoclonal anti-IA antibody.

1986 • 6 citations

Self-reactive T cells in murine lupus: Analysis of genetic contributions and development of self-tolerance

1989 • 6 citations

Linkage of Mls genes to endogenous mammary tumour viruses of inbred mice [see comments]

1991 • 5 citations

I-E expression does not by itself influence growth of or T cell unresponsiveness to SJL lymphomas

1991 • 4 citations

Alpenblumen ihre Befruchtung durch Insekten und ihre Anpassungen au dieselben

1881 • 2 citations

Characterization and growth factor requirements of SJL lympomas. I. Development of a B cell growth factor-dependent in vitro cell line, cRCS-X

1988 • 1 citations