The Blood-Brain Barrier/Neurovascular Unit in Health and Disease

Integrins: Versatility, modulation, and signaling in cell adhesion

1992 • 9,986 citations

FINE STRUCTURAL LOCALIZATION OF A BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER TO EXOGENOUS PEROXIDASE

1967 • 2,534 citations

Occludin: a novel integral membrane protein localizing at tight junctions.

1993 • 2,466 citations

JUNCTIONS BETWEEN INTIMATELY APPOSED CELL MEMBRANES IN THE VERTEBRATE BRAIN

1969 • 2,408 citations

The blood–brain barrier: an overview

2004 • 2,040 citations

Claudin-1 and -2: Novel Integral Membrane Proteins Localizing at Tight Junctions with No Sequence Similarity to Occludin

1998 • 2,005 citations

Cellular energy utilization and molecular origin of standard metabolic rate in mammals

1997 • 1,855 citations

Size-selective loosening of the blood-brain barrier in claudin-5–deficient mice

2003 • 1,705 citations

Astrocytes induce blood–brain barrier properties in endothelial cells

1987 • 1,593 citations

Identification of ZO-1: a high molecular weight polypeptide associated with the tight junction (zonula occludens) in a variety of epithelia.

1986 • 1,588 citations

Neuron-to-astrocyte signaling is central to the dynamic control of brain microcirculation

2002 • 1,399 citations

Junctional Adhesion Molecule, a Novel Member of the Immunoglobulin Superfamily That Distributes at Intercellular Junctions and Modulates Monocyte Transmigration

1998 • 1,356 citations

The Tight Junction Protein ZO-1 Establishes a Link between the Transmembrane Protein Occludin and the Actin Cytoskeleton

1998 • 1,331 citations

Endothelial Cell-to-Cell Junctions: Molecular Organization and Role in Vascular Homeostasis

2004 • 1,255 citations

Tight junctions of the blood–brain barrier

2002 • 1,108 citations

Cerebral microvascular pathology in aging and Alzheimer's disease

2001 • 1,041 citations

THE IONIC BASIS OF ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY IN NERVE AND MUSCLE

1951 • 959 citations

Direct association of occludin with ZO-1 and its possible involvement in the localization of occludin at tight junctions.

1994 • 949 citations

Primary Prevention of Ischemic Stroke

2001 • 927 citations

Functional dissociation of paracellular permeability and transepithelial electrical resistance and disruption of the apical-basolateral intramembrane diffusion barrier by expression of a mutant tight junction membrane protein.

1996 • 849 citations

A Model for the Coupling between Cerebral Blood Flow and Oxygen Metabolism during Neural Stimulation

1997 • 784 citations

Inflammatory mediators and modulation of blood-brain barrier permeability.

2000 • 769 citations

Molecular physiology and pathophysiology of tight junctions in the blood–brain barrier

2001 • 742 citations

Manner of Interaction of Heterogeneous Claudin Species within and between Tight Junction Strands

1999 • 724 citations

Developing nervous tissue induces formation of blood-brain barrier characteristics in invading endothelial cells: A study using quail-chick transplantation chimeras

1981 • 681 citations

Inflammatory response in acute traumatic brain injury: a double-edged sword

2002 • 664 citations

Interaction of alpha-actinin with the cadherin/catenin cell-cell adhesion complex via alpha-catenin.

1995 • 651 citations

Occludin is a functional component of the tight junction

1996 • 632 citations

Occludin as a possible determinant of tight junction permeability in endothelial cells

1997 • 626 citations

Blood-brain barrier disruption in multiple sclerosis

2003 • 617 citations

Is Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier Responsible for Lacunar Stroke, Leukoaraiosis, and Dementia?

2003 • 599 citations

The large apparent work capability of the blood-brain barrier: A study of the mitochondrial content of capillary endothelial cells in brain and other tissues of the rat

1977 • 596 citations

Possible Involvement of Phosphorylation of Occludin in Tight Junction Formation

1997 • 576 citations

The molecular organization of endothelial cell to cell junctions: differential association of plakoglobin, beta-catenin, and alpha-catenin with vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin).

1995 • 573 citations

Vascular permeability in experimental diabetes is associated with reduced endothelial occludin content: vascular endothelial growth factor decreases occludin in retinal endothelial cells. Penn State Retina Research Group.

1998 • 571 citations

The 220-kD protein colocalizing with cadherins in non-epithelial cells is identical to ZO-1, a tight junction-associated protein in epithelial cells: cDNA cloning and immunoelectron microscopy.

1993 • 567 citations

A biological cell labeling technique and its use in experimental embryology

1973 • 563 citations

Signaling at the Gliovascular Interface

2003 • 562 citations

A Synthetic Peptide Corresponding to the Extracellular Domain of Occludin Perturbs the Tight Junction Permeability Barrier

1997 • 527 citations

Identification of a 160-kDa polypeptide that binds to the tight junction protein ZO-1.

1991 • 520 citations

Direct Association of the Gap Junction Protein Connexin-43 with ZO-1 in Cardiac Myocytes

1998 • 492 citations

Tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier.

2000 • 490 citations

VEGF antagonism reduces edema formation and tissue damage after ischemia/reperfusion injury in the mouse brain

1999 • 457 citations

MAGUK proteins: structure and role in the tight junction

2000 • 448 citations

Cortical spreading depression activates and upregulates MMP-9

2004 • 446 citations

The tight junction protein ZO-1 and an interacting transcription factor regulate ErbB-2 expression

2000 • 437 citations

Localization of claudin-3 in tight junctions of the blood-brain barrier is selectively lost during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and human glioblastoma multiforme

2003 • 431 citations

Cortical spreading depression activates and upregulates MMP-9

2004 • 413 citations

Tight junctions of brain endothelium in vitro are enhanced by astroglia

1987 • 389 citations

Assembly of the tight junction: the role of diacylglycerol.

1993 • 381 citations

Tyrosine phosphorylation and dissociation of occludin–ZO-1 and E-cadherin–β-catenin complexes from the cytoskeleton by oxidative stress

2002 • 381 citations

Cerebral microvascular changes in permeability and tight junctions induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation

2002 • 375 citations

Blood-Brain Barrier Tight Junction Disruption in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Encephalitis

1999 • 367 citations

Tight junctional abnormality in multiple sclerosis white matter affects all calibres of vessel and is associated with blood–brain barrier leakage and active demyelination

2003 • 365 citations

Loss of the tight junction proteins occludin and zonula occludens-1 from cerebral vascular endothelium during neutrophil-induced blood–brain barrier breakdown in vivo

1998 • 354 citations

The junction-associated protein, zonula occludens-1, localizes to the nucleus before the maturation and during the remodeling of cell-cell contacts.

1996 • 353 citations

Junctional complexes of the blood–brain barrier: permeability changes in neuroinflammation

2002 • 352 citations

α-Catenin-Vinculin Interaction Functions to Organize the Apical Junctional Complex in Epithelial Cells

1998 • 338 citations

Advances in the Vascular Pathophysiology of Ischemic Stroke

2000 • 320 citations

Evidence that tyrosine phosphorylation may increase tight junction permeability

1995 • 318 citations

A pericyte‐derived angiopoietin‐1 multimeric complex induces occludin gene expression in brain capillary endothelial cells through Tie‐2 activation in vitro

2004 • 316 citations

Mechanisms of Hemorrhagic Transformation After Tissue Plasminogen Activator Reperfusion Therapy for Ischemic Stroke

2004 • 313 citations

Mechanisms of Disease: The Blood-Brain Barrier

2004 • 303 citations

Characterization of ZO-2 as a MAGUK Family Member Associated with Tight as well as Adherens Junctions with a Binding Affinity to Occludin and α Catenin

1999 • 302 citations

Regulation of Tight Junction Permeability and Occludin Phosphorylation by RhoA-p160ROCK-dependent and -independent Mechanisms

2001 • 300 citations

Hypoxia-Induced Hyperpermeability in Brain Microvessel Endothelial Cells Involves VEGF-Mediated Changes in the Expression of Zonula Occludens-1

2002 • 299 citations

SEROTONIN IN THE REGULATION OF BRAIN MICROCIRCULATION

1996 • 296 citations

Pericyte Migration from the Vascular Wall in Response to Traumatic Brain Injury

2000 • 295 citations

Electron microscopy of the vascular bed of rat cerebral cortex

1957 • 290 citations

Calcium Modulation of Adherens and Tight Junction Function

2002 • 290 citations

Leukocyte Recruitment in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of Mice with Experimental Meningitis Is Inhibited by an Antibody to Junctional Adhesion Molecule (Jam)

1999 • 288 citations

Cyclooxygenase‐2‐positive macrophages infiltrate the Alzheimer’s disease brain and damage the blood–brain barrier

2002 • 287 citations

Molecular mechanisms of brain tumor edema

2004 • 284 citations

Assembly and sealing of tight junctions: Possible participation of G-proteins, phospholipase C, protein kinase C and calmodulin

1991 • 280 citations

Molecular anatomy of intercellular junctions in brain endothelial and epithelial barriers: electron microscopist’s view

2003 • 272 citations

Inflammatory pain alters blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junctional protein expression

2001 • 259 citations

The Blood-Brain Barrier

1961 • 256 citations

THE TIGHT JUNCTION: Morphology to Molecules

1998 • 255 citations

Establishment and Characterization of Cultured Epithelial Cells Lacking Expression of ZO-1

2004 • 246 citations

The Roles of Claudin Superfamily Proteins in Paracellular Transport

2001 • 240 citations

Hypoxia induces permeability in brain microvessel endothelial cells via VEGF and NO

1999 • 239 citations

Contractile proteins in pericytes at the blood-brain and blood-retinal barriers.

2001 • 226 citations

Astroglial and Vascular Interactions of Noradrenaline Terminals in the Rat Cerebral Cortex

1997 • 223 citations

Nicotine increases in vivo blood–brain barrier permeability and alters cerebral microvascular tight junction protein distribution

2004 • 212 citations

Protein Kinase C Regulates the Phosphorylation and Cellular Localization of Occludin

2001 • 199 citations

Role of tyrosine phosphorylation in the reassembly of occludin and other tight junction proteins

1999 • 196 citations

Ca2+-independent cell-adhesion activity of claudins, a family of integral membrane proteins localized at tight junctions

1999 • 195 citations

Cyclic AMP induces phosphorylation of claudin-5 immunoprecipitates and expression of claudin-5 gene in blood–brain-barrier endothelial cells via protein kinase A-dependent and -independent pathways

2003 • 191 citations

Effects of hypoxia-reoxygenation on rat blood-brain barrier permeability and tight junctional protein expression

2003 • 189 citations

Cholinergic basal forebrain neurons project to cortical microvessels in the rat: electron microscopic study with anterogradely transported Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin and choline acetyltransferase immunocytochemistry

1995 • 187 citations

JAM4, a Junctional Cell Adhesion Molecule Interacting with a Tight Junction Protein, MAGI-1

2003 • 184 citations

Blood-Spinal Cord and Brain Barriers in Health and Disease

2003 • 184 citations

Nuclear Localization of the Tight Junction Protein ZO-2 in Epithelial Cells

2002 • 184 citations

Tyrosine phosphorylation of occludin attenuates its interactions with ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3

2003 • 182 citations

VE-cadherin: adhesion at arm's length

2004 • 180 citations

Extracellular matrix and the blood-brain barrier in glioblastoma multiforme: spatial segregation of tenascin and agrin

2002 • 178 citations

Angiogenesis of the blood‐brain barrier in vitro and the function of cerebral pericytes

2002 • 177 citations

Changes in cytoskeletal and tight junctional proteins correlate with decreased permeability induced by dexamethasone in cultured rat brain endothelial cells

2003 • 176 citations

Brain edema and cerebrovascular permeability during cerebral ischemia in rats.

1990 • 176 citations

Basement Membrane Proteins Influence Brain Capillary Endothelial Barrier Function In Vitro

1998 • 175 citations

Lysophosphatidic Acid Increases Tight Junction Permeability in Cultured Brain Endothelial Cells

1997 • 172 citations

Occludin proteolysis and increased permeability in endothelial cells through tyrosine phosphatase inhibition

1999 • 171 citations

The tight junction protein ZO-2 associates with Jun, Fos and C/EBP transcription factors in epithelial cells

2003 • 170 citations

Acceleration of HIV dementia with methamphetamine and cocaine

2001 • 168 citations

Nicotine and Cotinine Modulate Cerebral Microvascular Permeability and Protein Expression of ZO-1 through Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Expressed on Brain Endothelial Cells

2002 • 165 citations

Induction of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in cultured cerebral endothelial cells by a product released by astrocytes

1987 • 164 citations

Redistribution and Phosphorylation of Occludin During Opening and Resealing of Tight Junctions in Cultured Epithelial Cells

1999 • 164 citations

Detection of the tight junction-associated protein ZO-1 in astrocytes and other nonepithelial cell types

1992 • 162 citations

The Tight Junction Protein ZO-2 Localizes to the Nucleus and Interacts with the Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein Scaffold Attachment Factor-B

2003 • 162 citations

The blood—brain barrier and the extracellular space of brain

1959 • 156 citations

Effects of hypoxia on endothelial/pericytic co-culture model of the blood–brain barrier

2004 • 153 citations

Submicroscopic Morphology and Function of Glial Cells

1961 • 153 citations

Protein kinase C activation leads to dephosphorylation of occludin and tight junction permeability increase in LLC-PK1 epithelial cell sheets

2000 • 152 citations

Structural and Functional Variations in Capillary Systems within the Braina

1988 • 150 citations

Immunohistochemical localization of adherens junction components in blood-brain barrier microvessels of the rat

1993 • 149 citations

Regional cholinergic denervation of cortical microvessels and nitric oxide synthase-containing neurons in Alzheimer's disease

1999 • 146 citations

Cocaine Enhances Brain Endothelial Adhesion Molecules and Leukocyte Migration

1999 • 142 citations

Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 alters expression of tight junction-associated proteins in brain microvascular endothelial cells

2003 • 139 citations

Cingulin: Characterization and localization

1989 • 138 citations

Combination of hypoxia/aglycemia compromises in vitro blood-brain barrier integrity.

1999 • 138 citations

Characterization of the Interaction between Protein 4.1R and ZO-2

2000 • 136 citations

Occludin expression in microvessels of neoplastic and non‐neoplastic human brain

2001 • 130 citations

Early Pericyte Response to Brain Hypoxia in Cats: An Ultrastructural Study

2002 • 130 citations

Elements of cerebral microvascular ischaemia

2001 • 124 citations

Cocaine opens the blood-brain barrier to HIV-1 invasion

1998 • 124 citations

Expression and adhesive properties of basement membrane proteins in cerebral capillary endothelial cell cultures

2002 • 124 citations

An Intramolecular Interaction between Src Homology 3 Domain and Guanylate Kinase-Like Domain Required for Channel Clustering by Postsynaptic Density-95/SAP90

2000 • 124 citations

Focal astrocyte loss is followed by microvascular damage, with subsequent repair of the blood‐brain barrier in the apparent absence of direct astrocytic contact

2003 • 124 citations

CLMP, a Novel Member of the CTX Family and a New Component of Epithelial Tight Junctions

2003 • 123 citations

Neurons and ECM regulate occludin localization in brain endothelial cells

2000 • 122 citations

Structural alterations of tight junctions are associated with loss of polarity in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat blood–brain barrier endothelial cells

2000 • 121 citations

Control of brain endothelial permeability.

1991 • 120 citations

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

1942 • 119 citations

Cocaine Enhances Monocyte Migration Across the Blood-Brain Barrier

1998 • 118 citations

The molecular organization of endothelial junctions and their functional role in vascular morphogenesis and permeability.

2000 • 115 citations

Bacterial collagenase disrupts extracellular matrix and opens blood-brain barrier in rat

1993 • 114 citations

Regulation of the blood?biliary barrier: interaction between gap and tight junctions in hepatocytes

2003 • 114 citations

Dependence of Epithelial Intercellular Junction Biogenesis on Thapsigargin-sensitive Intracellular Calcium Stores

1996 • 111 citations

Zonula Occludens-1 Is a Scaffolding Protein for Signaling Molecules

2002 • 109 citations

Phosphorylation of the tight-junction protein ZO-1 in two strains of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells which differ in transepithelial resistance

1989 • 108 citations

Increased Tyr phosphorylation of ZO-1 during modification of tight junctions between glomerular foot processes

1995 • 106 citations

Smoking and ischemic stroke: a role for nicotine?

2002 • 105 citations

Identification of a novel protein, LYRIC, localized to tight junctions of polarized epithelial cells

2004 • 105 citations

Transcellular transport as a mechanism of blood-brain barrier disruption during stroke

2004 • 104 citations

Simultaneous activation of several second messengers in hypoxia‐induced hyperpermeability of brain derived endothelial cells

2003 • 103 citations

Induction of Blood‐Brain Barrier Characteristics in Bovine Brain Endothelial Cells by Rat Astroglial Cells in Transfilter Coculture^a

1991 • 102 citations

Astrocyte–endothelial cell calcium signals conveyed by two signalling pathways

2001 • 101 citations

Protein expression of brain endothelial cell E-cadherin after hypoxia/aglycemia: influence of astrocyte contact

1999 • 100 citations

Hypoxia/aglycemia alters expression of occludin and actin in brain endothelial cells

2005 • 100 citations

GABA neurons provide a rich input to microvessels but not nitric oxide neurons in the rat cerebral cortex: A means for direct regulation of local cerebral blood flow

2000 • 96 citations

Re‐evaluating the role of astrocytes in blood‐brain barrier induction

1993 • 95 citations

Blood-brain barrier tight junctions are altered during a 72-h exposure to λ-carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain

2002 • 95 citations

Hypoxia Dramatically Increases the Nonspecific Transport of Blood‐Borne Proteins to the Brain

1997 • 95 citations

In vivo MRI and its histological correlates in acute adoptive transfer experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1996 • 95 citations

JACOP, a Novel Plaque Protein Localizing at the Apical Junctional Complex with Sequence Similarity to Cingulin

2004 • 91 citations

Involvement of Gαi2 in the Maintenance and Biogenesis of Epithelial Cell Tight Junctions

1998 • 85 citations

Diabetes-related changes in rat cerebral occludin and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1) expression.

2002 • 84 citations

Zebrafish Mosaic Eyes Is a Novel FERM Protein Required for Retinal Lamination and Retinal Pigmented Epithelial Tight Junction Formation

2004 • 82 citations

Expression and distribution of ZO‐3, a tight junction MAGUK protein, in mouse tissues

2003 • 79 citations

Regulation of Blood-Brain Barrier Na,K,2Cl-Cotransporter through Phosphorylation during in Vitro Stroke Conditions and Nicotine Exposure

2004 • 79 citations

Migraine aura: new information on underlying mechanisms

2004 • 75 citations

Effect of astroglial cells on hypoxia-induced permeability in PBMEC cells

2000 • 74 citations

JEAP, a Novel Component of Tight Junctions in Exocrine Cells

2002 • 72 citations

Astroglial cells inhibit the increasing permeability of brain endothelial cell monolayer following hypoxia/reoxygenation

1996 • 70 citations

Opposite Regulation of Transepithelial Electrical Resistance and Paracellular Permeability by Rho in Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells

1999 • 66 citations

Ultrastructural changes in cerebral pericytes and astrocytes of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.

1990 • 65 citations

Neuronal control of brain microvessel function

1985 • 64 citations

血液‐胆管バリアの調節:肝細胞でのギャップ結合と密着結合の相互作用

2003 • 64 citations

Ultrastructure of the blood-brain barrier in the rabbit.

1999 • 64 citations

In VivoInteraction of AF-6 with Activated Ras and ZO-1

1999 • 63 citations

Cerebral edema

2001 • 62 citations

A role for intracellular calcium in tight junction reassembly after ATP depletion-repletion

1999 • 62 citations

Modulation of tight junction function by G protein-coupled events

2000 • 61 citations

Transport in the Central Nervous System

1971 • 59 citations

Astrocyte-endothelial cell calcium signals conveyed by two signalling pathways

2001 • 59 citations

Symposium on Membrane Transport [Abridged]

1967 • 58 citations

A ZO1-GFP fusion protein to study the dynamics of tight junctions in living cells

2002 • 58 citations

Protection against hypoxia-induced blood-brain barrier disruption: changes in intracellular calcium

2004 • 55 citations

Immunolocalization of occludin and claudin-1 to tight junctions in intact CNS vessels of mammalian retina.

2001 • 54 citations

Nitric oxide mediates hypoxia-induced changes in paracellular permeability of cerebral microvasculature

2004 • 54 citations

Disruption of epithelial tight junctions is prevented by cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase inhibitors

2000 • 53 citations

Hypoxia‐inducible factor and nuclear factor kappa‐B activation in blood–brain barrier endothelium under hypoxic/reoxygenation stress

2004 • 52 citations

Spread of sodium fluorescein in normal brain tissue

1961 • 45 citations

Increased vulnerability of the blood-brain barrier to acute hypertension following depletion of brain noradrenaline

1982 • 45 citations

Expression of Blood–Brain Barrier Characteristics Following Neuronal Loss and Astroglial Damage after Administration of Anti-Thy-1 Immunotoxin

1997 • 44 citations

Lymphocyte trafficking through the blood–brain barrier is dependent on endothelial cell heterotrimeric G‐protein signaling

2002 • 43 citations

Magnetic resonance imaging investigation of blood-brain barrier damage in adoptive transfer experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

1993 • 41 citations

Early alterations in cerebral hemodynamics, brain metabolism, and blood-brain barrier permeability in experimental intracerebral hemorrhage

1999 • 38 citations

Sequential Decrease in Tight Junctions as Revealed by 7H6 Tight Junction‐associated Protein during Rat Hepatocarcinogenesis

1994 • 34 citations

The cellular basis of neurovascular metabolic coupling.

2002 • 32 citations

Expression of G-protein subtypes in cultured cerebral endothelial cells

1998 • 31 citations

Nicotine Downregulates α2 Isoform of Na,K-ATPase at the Blood-Brain Barrier and Brain in Rats

1994 • 31 citations

Increase of glucose transporter densities (Glut1 and Glut3) during chronic administration of nicotine in rat brain

1998 • 27 citations

Abnormal endothelial tight junctions in active lesions and normal‐appearing white matter in multiple sclerosis

2002 • 26 citations

Influence of surgical pain stress on the blood-brain barrier permeability in rats

2003 • 26 citations

Blood-brain barrier: fact or fancy?

1962 • 26 citations

The structure and function of blood-brain barrier in ischaemic brain stroke process.

1996 • 23 citations

Ca2+ depletion-induced disconnection of tight junctions in isolated rat brain microvessels

1985 • 23 citations

Proteins of the Tight Junction in the Blood-Brain Barrier

2004 • 14 citations

Local transport kinetics of glucose during acute and chronic nicotine infusion in rat brains

1998 • 12 citations

Mononuclear Phagocytes at the Blood–Brain Barrier in Multiple Sclerosis

2004 • 8 citations

The age‐related decrease in CNS remyelination efficiency is caused by an impairment of both oligodendrocyte progenitor recruitment and differentiation

2002 • 1 citations