Hormone Interactions Regulating Energy Balance During Pregnancy

Leptin and the regulation of body weight in mammals

1998 • 5,366 citations

Leptin activates anorexigenic POMC neurons through a neural network in the arcuate nucleus

2001 • 2,288 citations

Prolactin (PRL) and Its Receptor: Actions, Signal Transduction Pathways and Phenotypes Observed in PRL Receptor Knockout Mice

1998 • 1,846 citations

JAKS AND STATS: Biological Implications

1998 • 1,788 citations

The Control of Progesterone Secretion During the Estrous Cycle and Early Pseudopregnancy in the Rat: Prolactin, Gonadotropin and Steroid Levels Associated with Rescue of the Corpus Luteum of Pseudopregnancy¹²

1975 • 1,281 citations

Leptin enters the brain by a saturable system independent of insulin

1996 • 1,210 citations

Signals That Regulate Food Intake and Energy Homeostasis

1998 • 1,190 citations

Decreased cerebrospinal-fluid/serum leptin ratio in obesity: a possible mechanism for leptin resistance

1996 • 1,170 citations

From Lesions to Leptin

1999 • 1,165 citations

Leptin activation of Stat3 in the hypothalamus of wild–type and ob/ob mice but not db/db mice

1996 • 1,097 citations

How can drug addiction help us understand obesity?

2005 • 1,065 citations

Localization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control circuits in the brain.

1994 • 1,059 citations

STAT3 signalling is required for leptin regulation of energy balance but not reproduction

2003 • 1,003 citations

Identification of SOCS-3 as a Potential Mediator of Central Leptin Resistance

1998 • 1,000 citations

Leptin Receptor Signaling in POMC Neurons Is Required for Normal Body Weight Homeostasis

2004 • 895 citations

Two defects contribute to hypothalamic leptin resistance in mice with diet-induced obesity

2000 • 873 citations

Specificity of Leptin Action on Elevated Blood Glucose Levels and Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Gene Expression in ob/ob Mice

1996 • 873 citations

Leptin Receptor Signaling in Midbrain Dopamine Neurons Regulates Feeding

2006 • 872 citations

Hypothalamic insulin signaling is required for inhibition of glucose production

2002 • 852 citations

Diabetes, Obesity, and the Brain

2005 • 840 citations

Attenuation of the Obesity Syndrome of ob/ob Mice by the Loss of Neuropeptide Y

1996 • 814 citations

PTP1B Regulates Leptin Signal Transduction In Vivo

2002 • 785 citations

Leptin Receptor Immunoreactivity in Chemically Defined Target Neurons of the Hypothalamus

1998 • 753 citations

Leptin Directly Activates SF1 Neurons in the VMH, and This Action by Leptin Is Required for Normal Body-Weight Homeostasis

2006 • 747 citations

Acute stimulation of glucose metabolism in mice by leptin treatment

1997 • 717 citations

Localization of the melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4-R) in neuroendocrine and autonomic control circuits in the brain

1994 • 703 citations

Effect of Body Mass Index on pregnancy outcomes in nulliparous women delivering singleton babies

2007 • 681 citations

Metabolic fuels and reproduction in female mammals

1992 • 677 citations

The Role of SOCS-3 in Leptin Signaling and Leptin Resistance

1999 • 640 citations

Leptin inhibits hypothalamic neurons by activation of ATP-sensitive potassium channels

1997 • 631 citations

Leptin Regulation of the Mesoaccumbens Dopamine Pathway

2006 • 615 citations

Neuronal PTP1B regulates body weight, adiposity and leptin action

2006 • 603 citations

Integration of NPY, AGRP, and Melanocortin Signals in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular Nucleus

1999 • 603 citations

Expression of melanocortin 4 receptor mRNA in the central nervous system of the rat

2003 • 553 citations

Molecular and anatomical determinants of central leptin resistance

2005 • 543 citations

Gonadal Hormones Determine Sensitivity to Central Leptin and Insulin

2006 • 533 citations

SOCS3 Mediates Feedback Inhibition of the Leptin Receptor via Tyr985

2000 • 531 citations

Adaptations of glucose metabolism during pregnancy and lactation.

1997 • 496 citations

Review article: Obesity in pregnancy

2006 • 490 citations

The rise, fall, and resurrection of the ventromedial hypothalamus in the regulation of feeding behavior and body weight

2006 • 479 citations

The hypothalamic arcuate nucleus: A key site for mediating leptin’s effects on glucose homeostasis and locomotor activity

2005 • 454 citations

Gonadal effects on food intake and adiposity: A metabolic hypothesis

1979 • 444 citations

Forkhead protein FoxO1 mediates Agrp-dependent effects of leptin on food intake

2006 • 436 citations

Central insulin action in energy and glucose homeostasis

2006 • 429 citations

Neither Agouti-Related Protein nor Neuropeptide Y Is Critically Required for the Regulation of Energy Homeostasis in Mice

2002 • 421 citations

Modulation of Brain Reward Circuitry by Leptin

2000 • 411 citations

Pregnancy weight gain: still controversial

2000 • 393 citations

Leptin Acts via Leptin Receptor-Expressing Lateral Hypothalamic Neurons to Modulate the Mesolimbic Dopamine System and Suppress Feeding

2009 • 390 citations

Identifying hypothalamic pathways controlling food intake, body weight, and glucose homeostasis

2005 • 388 citations

PI3K integrates the action of insulin and leptin on hypothalamic neurons

2005 • 382 citations

Dopamine Signaling in the Dorsal Striatum Is Essential for Motivated Behaviors

2008 • 350 citations

Insulin Action During Pregnancy: Studies with the Euglycemic Clamp Technique

1985 • 348 citations

A proposed hypothalamic–thalamic–striatal axis for the integration of energy balance, arousal, and food reward

2005 • 337 citations

Central melanocortin receptors regulate insulin action

2001 • 335 citations

Impaired transport of leptin across the blood-brain barrier in obesity☆

1999 • 328 citations

Evidence that paraventricular nucleus oxytocin neurons link hypothalamic leptin action to caudal brain stem nuclei controlling meal size

2004 • 322 citations

Role of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 in Regulation of Hypothalamic Proopiomelanocortin Gene Expression by Leptin

2003 • 320 citations

Role of hypothalamic Foxo1 in the regulation of food intake and energy homeostasis

2006 • 319 citations

Influence of oxytocin on feeding behavior in the rat

1989 • 318 citations

Cyclic Estradiol Treatment Normalizes Body Weight and Restores Physiological Patterns of Spontaneous Feeding and Sexual Receptivity in Ovariectomized Rats

2002 • 317 citations

Central melanocortin receptors regulate insulin action

2001 • 317 citations

Leptin in reproduction

2001 • 309 citations

Physiological and Molecular Characteristics of Rat Hypothalamic Ventromedial Nucleus Glucosensing Neurons

2004 • 308 citations

Some effects of ovarian hormones on food intake and body weight in female rats.

1975 • 301 citations

Microinjection of leptin into the ventromedial hypothalamus increases glucose uptake in peripheral tissues in rats.

1999 • 293 citations

Negative regulation of the JAK/STAT pathway

1999 • 288 citations

Leptin regulates insulin sensitivity via phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase signaling in mediobasal hypothalamic neurons

2005 • 285 citations

Obesity-prone rats have normal blood-brain barrier transport but defective central leptin signaling before obesity onset

2004 • 264 citations

Hyperleptinemia of Pregnancy Associated with the Appearance of a Circulating Form of the Leptin Receptor

1997 • 248 citations

Insulin and its evolving partnership with leptin in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis

2004 • 238 citations

Endogenous Leptin Signaling in the Caudal Nucleus Tractus Solitarius and Area Postrema Is Required for Energy Balance Regulation

2010 • 232 citations

Oxytocin Deficiency Mediates Hyperphagic Obesity of Sim1 Haploinsufficient Mice

2008 • 229 citations

Low Sympathetic Tone and Obese Phenotype in Oxytocin‐deficient Mice

2009 • 222 citations

Body Mass Index, Provider Advice, and Target Gestational Weight Gain

2005 • 222 citations

Sympathetic activation of leptin via the ventromedial hypothalamus: leptin-induced increase in catecholamine secretion.

1999 • 219 citations

Leptin action in the forebrain regulates the hindbrain response to satiety signals

2005 • 219 citations

Metabolic imprinting: critical impact of the perinatal environment on the regulation of energy homeostasis

2006 • 216 citations

Medically advised, mother's personal target, and actual weight gain during pregnancy

1999 • 216 citations

Leptin receptor signaling and the regulation of mammalian physiology

2008 • 213 citations

Leptin inhibits hypothalamic Npy and Agrp gene expression via a mechanism that requires phosphatidylinositol 3-OH-kinase signaling

2005 • 211 citations

Leptin action in the forebrain regulates the hindbrain response to satiety signals

2005 • 201 citations

Ovarian and Hypothalamic Control of the Daily Surges of Prolactin Secretion During Pseudopregnancy in the Rat¹²

1974 • 198 citations

Alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone stimulates oxytocin release from the dendrites of hypothalamic neurons while inhibiting oxytocin release from their terminals in the neurohypophysis.

2003 • 192 citations

Leptin-Induced Nuclear Translocation of STAT3 Immunoreactivity in Hypothalamic Nuclei Involved in Body Weight Regulation

2001 • 192 citations

Differential Accessibility of Circulating Leptin to Individual Hypothalamic Sites

2007 • 191 citations

Atlas of the neurons that express mRNA for the long form of the prolactin receptor in the forebrain of the female rat

1997 • 183 citations

α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Stimulates Oxytocin Release from the Dendrites of Hypothalamic Neurons While Inhibiting Oxytocin Release from Their Terminals in the Neurohypophysis

2003 • 180 citations

Atlas of the neurons that express mRNA for the long form of the prolactin receptor in the forebrain of the female rat

1997 • 178 citations

Distribution of prolactin‐responsive neurons in the mouse forebrain

2009 • 169 citations

Insulin action in the brain contributes to glucose lowering during insulin treatment of diabetes

2006 • 168 citations

Inactivation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 in Proopiomelanocortin (Pomc) Neurons Causes Decreased Pomc Expression, Mild Obesity, and Defects in Compensatory Refeeding

2006 • 163 citations

Hypothalamic leptin resistance is associated with impaired leptin signal transduction in aged obese rats

2001 • 153 citations

Central Leptin Acutely Reverses Diet-Induced Hepatic Insulin Resistance

2005 • 151 citations

Modulation of food reward by adiposity signals

2006 • 149 citations

Essential Role of STAT3 in Body Weight and Glucose Homeostasis

2003 • 146 citations

Leptin Is Not Necessary for Gestation and Parturition But Regulates Maternal Nutrition via a Leptin Resistance State

1998 • 141 citations

Region-Specific Reduction in Leptin-Induced Phosphorylation of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription-3 (STAT3) in the Rat Hypothalamus Is Associated with Leptin Resistance during Pregnancy

2004 • 141 citations

HF diets increase hypothalamic PTP1B and induce leptin resistance through both leptin-dependent and -independent mechanisms

2008 • 138 citations

The Placenta Is Not the Main Source of Leptin Production in Pregnant Rat: Gestational Profile of Leptin in Plasma and Adipose Tissues

1997 • 138 citations

THE EFFECTS OF PROGESTERONE ON BODY WEIGHT AND COMPOSITION IN THE RAT

1967 • 133 citations

Leptin and the systems neuroscience of meal size control

2009 • 133 citations

Pregnancy‐Induced Adaptation in the Neuroendocrine Control of Prolactin Secretion

2008 • 130 citations

PostnatalSim1Deficiency Causes Hyperphagic Obesity and ReducedMc4randOxytocinExpression

2010 • 130 citations

From feeding one to feeding many: hormone‐induced changes in bodyweight homeostasis during pregnancy

2007 • 129 citations

Leptin Deficiency Induced by Fasting Impairs the Satiety Response to Cholecystokinin**This work was supported by grants from the NIH (DK-12829, DK-52989, and NS-32272) and by the Royalty Research Fund, the Diabetes Endocrinology Research Center, and the Clinical Nutrition Research Unit of the University of Washington.

2000 • 128 citations

Characterization of Leptin-Responsive Neurons in the Caudal Brainstem

2006 • 126 citations

Pregnancy and Obesity: A Review and Agenda for Future Research

2006 • 126 citations

Concentrations of leptin in the serum of pregnant, lactating, and cycling rats and of leptin messenger ribonucleic acid in rat placental tissue

1998 • 125 citations

Reduction of Hypothalamic Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase Improves Insulin and Leptin Resistance in Diet-Induced Obese Rats

2008 • 125 citations

Ligand-Independent Dimerization of the Human Prolactin Receptor Isoforms: Functional Implications

2006 • 122 citations

Hypothalamic levels of NPY, MCH, and prepro‐orexin mRNA during pregnancy and lactation in the rat: role of prolactin

2003 • 120 citations

Electrophysiological Actions of Peripheral Hormones on Melanocortin Neurons

2003 • 118 citations

Prolactin stimulates food intake in a dose-dependent manner

1989 • 118 citations

Sim1 Haploinsufficiency Impairs Melanocortin-Mediated Anorexia and Activation of Paraventricular Nucleus Neurons

2006 • 115 citations

Paraventricular hypothalamic α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone and MTII reduce feeding without causing aversive effects

2001 • 112 citations

Induction of Central Leptin Resistance in Hyperphagic Pseudopregnant Rats by Chronic Prolactin Infusion

2007 • 111 citations

Suppression of Leptin Receptor Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Leptin Responsiveness in the Ventromedial Nucleus of the Hypothalamus during Pregnancy in the Rat

2005 • 110 citations

Distribution of prolactin receptor immunoreactivity in the brain of estrogen-treated, ovariectomized rats.

1998 • 109 citations

Hormonal induction of leptin resistance during pregnancy

2007 • 104 citations

Prolactin Receptor mRNA Localization in the Hypothalamus by in situ Hybridization

1994 • 101 citations

Expression of the long form of the prolactin receptor in magnocellular oxytocin neurons is associated with specific prolactin regulation of oxytocin neurons

2006 • 101 citations

Ventromedial hypothalamic stimulation enhances peripheral glucose uptake in anesthetized rats

1991 • 101 citations

Resistance to the Satiety Action of Leptin Following Chronic Central Leptin Infusion is Associated with the Development of Leptin Resistance in Neuropeptide Y Neurones

2002 • 100 citations

Leptin treatment increases suppressors of cytokine signaling in central and peripheral tissues

1999 • 98 citations

Effects of systemic and central prolactin injections on food intake, weight gain, and estrous cyclicity in female rats

1993 • 98 citations

Prolactin and the hyperphagia of lactation

2007 • 95 citations

Plasma Leptin-Binding Activity and Hypothalamic Leptin Receptor Expression During Pregnancy and Lactation in the Rat1

2002 • 94 citations

Prolactin/Leptin Interactions in the Control of Food Intake in Rats

2007 • 94 citations

Estradiol treatment increases CCK-induced c-Fos expression in the brains of ovariectomized rats

2002 • 91 citations

Neuroanatomical specificity of prolactin-induced hyperphagia in virgin female rats

2000 • 84 citations

Neuropeptide Y and Tuberoinfundibular Dopamine Activities Are Altered during Lactation: Role of Prolactin**This work was supported by NIH Grants HD-14643 and HD-18185 and Oregon Regional Primate Research Center Grant RR-00163.

1999 • 81 citations

Feedback Regulation of PRL Secretion Is Mediated by the Transcription Factor, Signal Transducer, and Activator of Transcription 5b

2001 • 81 citations

Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1B

2002 • 81 citations

Prolactin Specifically Activates Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5b in Neuroendocrine Dopaminergic Neurons

2005 • 79 citations

Expression of mRNA for Prolactin Receptor (Long Form) in Dopamine and Pro‐Opiomelanocortin Neurones in the Arcuate Nucleus of Non‐Pregnant and Lactating Rats

2005 • 79 citations

Review article: Maternal obesity in pregnancy: is it time for meaningful research to inform preventive and management strategies?

2006 • 78 citations

The effect of central administration of prolactin on food intake in virgin female rats is dose-dependent, occurs in the absence of ovarian hormones and the latency to onset varies with feeding regimen

1996 • 75 citations

Leptin effects on feeding-related hypothalamic and peripheral neuronal activities in normal and obese rats

1999 • 73 citations

The subfornical organ: a central nervous system site for actions of circulating leptin

2008 • 68 citations

Suppression of Prolactin-Induced Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 5b Signaling and Induction of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Hypothalamic Arcuate Nucleus of the Rat during Late Pregnancy and Lactation

2006 • 67 citations

Carcass and Tissue Fat Content in the Pregnant Rat

1991 • 66 citations

Regulation of Hypothalamic Neuropeptide Y Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Expression during Lactation: Role of Prolactin

2003 • 65 citations

β‐Endorphin Cells in the Arcuate Nucleus: Projections to the Supraoptic Nucleus and Changes in Expression During Pregnancy and Parturition

2002 • 64 citations

Pregnancy-induced hyperphagia is associated with increased gene expression of hypothalamic agouti-related peptide in rats

2003 • 62 citations

Chapter 15 Food intake and leptin during pregnancy and lactation

2001 • 62 citations

Estradiol treatment increases feeding-induced c-Fos expression in the brains of ovariectomized rats

2001 • 54 citations

Physiological Models of Leptin Resistance

2009 • 54 citations

CNS sensing and regulation of peripheral glucose levels

2002 • 53 citations

Differential proopiomelanocortin gene expression in the medial basal hypothalamus of rats during pregnancy and lactation

1997 • 53 citations

Loss of Hypothalamic Response to Leptin During Pregnancy Associated with Development of Melanocortin Resistance

2009 • 52 citations

The feto-placental glucose steal phenomenon is a major cause of maternal metabolic adaptation during late pregnancy in the rat

1994 • 52 citations

Nuclear translocation of STAT5 and increased expression of Fos related antigens (FRAs) in hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons after prolactin administration

2001 • 52 citations

Termination of Prolactin Surges with Development of Placental Lactogen Secretion in the Pregnant Rat*

1983 • 50 citations

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid leptin levels are maintained despite enhanced food intake in progesterone-treated rats

2001 • 50 citations

Leptin Resistance During Pregnancy in the Rat

2007 • 50 citations

Hindbrain leptin receptor stimulation enhances the anorexic response to cholecystokinin

2009 • 47 citations

Additive effects of lactation and food restriction to increase hypothalamic neuropeptide Y mRNA in rats

1997 • 46 citations

Hormonal Regulation of Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS) Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Arcuate Nucleus during Late Pregnancy

2008 • 42 citations

Mechanisms Underlying the Diminished Sensitivity to Prolactin Negative Feedback during Lactation: Reduced STAT5 Signaling and Up-Regulation of Cytokine-Inducible SH2 Domain-Containing Protein (CIS) Expression in Tuberoinfundibular Dopaminergic Neurons

2005 • 41 citations

Injection with gold thioglucose impairs sensitivity to glucose: evidence that glucose-responsive neurons are important for long-term regulation of body weight

1996 • 39 citations

Both p110α and p110β Isoforms of Phosphatidylinositol 3‐OH‐Kinase are Required for Insulin Signalling in the Hypothalamus

2010 • 39 citations

Adenoviral-Mediated Modulation ofSim1Expression in the Paraventricular Nucleus Affects Food Intake

2006 • 38 citations

Circumventing central leptin resistance: Lessons from central leptin and POMC gene delivery

2005 • 38 citations

Neuropeptide Y and Tuberoinfundibular Dopamine Activities Are Altered during Lactation: Role of Prolactin

1999 • 36 citations

Melanocortin receptors mediate the excitatory effects of blood-borne murine leptin on hypothalamic paraventricular neurons in rat

2004 • 32 citations

Inhibition of Nocturnal Prolactin Surges in the Pregnant Rat by Incubation Medium Containing Placental Lactogen

1989 • 30 citations

Lack of cross-desensitization between leptin and prolactin signaling pathways despite the induction of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 and PTP-1B

2007 • 26 citations

A trophoblast-specific factor(s) suppresses circulating prolactin levels and increases tyrosine hydroxylase activity in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons.

1992 • 24 citations

Prolactin-induced activation of STAT5 within the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus

2005 • 22 citations

Rat placental lactogen-I abolishes nocturnal prolactin surges in the pregnant rat

1996 • 21 citations

Direct evidence that lactogenic hormones induce homodimerization of membrane‐anchored prolactin receptor in intact Nb₂‐11C rat lymphoma cells

1997 • 18 citations

A trophoblast-specific factor(s) suppresses circulating prolactin levels and increases tyrosine hydroxylase activity in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic neurons

1992 • 11 citations