A guide to low molecular weight GTPases.

Tumorigenic conversion of primary embryo fibroblasts requires at least two cooperating oncogenes

1983 • 2,871 citations

All ras proteins are polyisoprenylated but only some are palmitoylated

1989 • 1,806 citations

A Cytoplasmic Protein Stimulates Normal N- ras p21 GTPase, But Does Not Affect Oncogenic Mutants

1987 • 1,197 citations

In yeast, RAS proteins are controlling elements of adenylate cyclase

1985 • 1,142 citations

Purification of a RAS-responsive adenylyl cyclase complex from Saccharomyces cerevisiae by use of an epitope addition method.

1988 • 983 citations

A ras-related gene with transformation suppressor activity

1989 • 979 citations

Human EJ bladder carcinoma oncogene is homologue of Harvey sarcoma virus ras gene

1982 • 928 citations

A ras-like protein is required for a post-Golgi event in yeast secretion

1987 • 894 citations

Coexpression of MMTV/v-Ha-ras and MMTV/c-myc genes in transgenic mice: Synergistic action of oncogenes in vivo

1987 • 796 citations

Inhibition of NIH 3T3 Cell Proliferation by a Mutant ras Protein with Preferential Affinity for GDP

1988 • 757 citations

Microinjection of the ras oncogene protein into PC12 cells induces morphological differentiation

1985 • 738 citations

Comparative biochemical properties of normal and activated human ras p21 protein

1984 • 713 citations

The yeast GTP-binding YPT1 protein and a mammalian counterpart are associated with the secretion machinery

1988 • 699 citations

Requirement for c-ras proteins during viral oncogene transformation

1986 • 680 citations

Cloning of bovine GAP and its interaction with oncogenic ras p21

1988 • 666 citations

ras GTPase activating protein: Signal transmitter and signal terminator

1989 • 621 citations

Intrinsic GTPase activity distinguishes normal and oncogenic ras p21 molecules.

1984 • 607 citations

CDC42 and CDC43, two additional genes involved in budding and the establishment of cell polarity in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1990 • 605 citations

A GTP-binding protein required for secretion rapidly associates with secretory vesicles and the plasma membrane in yeast

1988 • 592 citations

The p21 ras C-terminus is required for transformation and membrane association

1984 • 590 citations

Biological properties of human c-Ha-ras1 genes mutated at codon 12

1984 • 586 citations

rac, a novel ras-related family of proteins that are botulinum toxin substrates

1989 • 585 citations

Molecular characterization of CDC42, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene involved in the development of cell polarity.

1990 • 560 citations

Activation of Ki-ras2 gene in human colon and lung carcinomas by two different point mutations

1983 • 553 citations

Asparagine residue in the rho Gene Product Is the Modification Site for Botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase

1989 • 550 citations

The product of ras is a GTPase and the T24 oncogenic mutant is deficient in this activity

1984 • 539 citations

Biological and biochemical properties of human rasH genes mutated at codon 61

1986 • 538 citations

Genetic and Pharmacological Suppression of Oncogenic Mutations in RAS Genes of Yeast and Humans

1989 • 535 citations

An Unidentified Virus which causes the Rapid Production of Tumours in Mice

1964 • 535 citations

The mammalian G protein rhoC is ADP-ribosylated by Clostridium botulinum exoenzyme C3 and affects actin microfilaments in Vero cells.

1989 • 529 citations

Involvement of GTP-binding “G” proteins in transport through the Golgi stack

1987 • 495 citations

Molecular Cloning of Two Types of GAP Complementary DNA from Human Placenta

1988 • 492 citations

Genes in S. cerevisiae encoding proteins with domains homologous to the mammalian ras proteins

1984 • 471 citations

Genetic analysis of yeast RAS1 and RAS2 genes

1984 • 460 citations

Multicopy suppression of the cdc24 budding defect in yeast by CDC42 and three newly identified genes including the ras-related gene RSR1.

1989 • 406 citations

Localization of the src gene product of the Harvey strain of MSV to plasma membrane of transformed cells by electron microscopic immunocytochemistry

1980 • 404 citations

The cytoplasmic protein GAP is implicated as the target for regulation by the ras gene product

1988 • 402 citations

A yeast gene encoding a protein homologous to the human c-has/bas proto-oncogene product

1983 • 396 citations

Photolyzed rhodopsin catalyzes the exchange of GTP for bound GDP in retinal rod outer segments.

1980 • 391 citations

The Human Rab Genes Encode a Family of GTP-binding Proteins Related to Yeast YPT1 and SEC4 Products Involved in Secretion

1989 • 387 citations

Posttranslational modification of the Ha-ras oncogene protein: evidence for a third class of protein carboxyl methyltransferases.

1988 • 384 citations

Amino-acid substitutions at codon 13 of the N-ras oncogene in human acute myeloid leukaemia

1985 • 372 citations

Mechanism of adenylate cyclase activation through the beta-adrenergic receptor: catecholamine-induced displacement of bound GDP by GTP.

1978 • 372 citations

Differential activation of yeast adenylate cyclase by wild type and mutant RAS proteins

1985 • 365 citations

Structure and organization of the human Ki-ras proto-oncogene and a related processed pseudogene

1983 • 360 citations

RAS proteins can induce meiosis in xenopus oocytes

1985 • 341 citations

Human cDNAs rap1 and rap2 homologous to the Drosophila gene Dras3 encode proteins closely related to ras in the 'effector' region.

1988 • 334 citations

Reconstitution of SEC gene product-dependent intercompartmental protein transport

1988 • 332 citations

Guanine nucleotide-binding activity as an assay for src protein of rat-derived murine sarcoma viruses

1979 • 315 citations

Mutational analysis of SEC4 suggests a cyclical mechanism for the regulation of vesicular traffic.

1989 • 314 citations

Dynamic fatty acylation of p21N-ras.

1987 • 309 citations

Purification and characterization from bovine brain cytosol of a protein that inhibits the dissociation of GDP from and the subsequent binding of GTP to smg p25A, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein.

1990 • 305 citations

Identification of effector residues and a neutralizing epitope of Ha-ras-encoded p21.

1986 • 291 citations

Analysis of the transforming potential of the human H-ras gene by random mutagenesis.

1984 • 290 citations

The Effect of GTPase Activating Protein Upon Ras Is Inhibited by Mitogenically Responsive Lipids

1989 • 287 citations

Mutant ras-encoded proteins with altered nucleotide binding exert dominant biological effects.

1986 • 285 citations

Role of a ras homolog in the life cycle of schizosaccharomyces pombe

1986 • 274 citations

Identification of a sarcoma virus-coded phosphoprotein in nonproducer cells transformed by Kirsten or Harvey murine sarcoma virus

1979 • 270 citations

Developmental regulation of a dictyostelium gene encoding a protein homologous to mammalian ras protein

1984 • 267 citations

Characterization of two members of the rho gene family from the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1987 • 259 citations

IRA1, an inhibitory regulator of the RAS-cyclic AMP pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1989 • 251 citations

CDC25 : a Component of the RAS -Adenylate Cyclase Pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1987 • 235 citations

The GTP-binding protein Ypt1 is required for transport in vitro: the Golgi apparatus is defective in ypt1 mutants.

1989 • 234 citations

Ras p21 as a Potential Mediator of Insulin Action in Xenopus Oocytes

1987 • 224 citations

The oncogenic forms of N-ras or H-ras prevent skeletal myoblast differentiation.

1987 • 221 citations

Expression of ras proto-oncogene proteins in normal human tissues.

1987 • 216 citations

Structural and functional properties of ras proteins

1989 • 211 citations

Purification and characterization of a novel GTP-binding protein with a molecular weight of 24,000 from bovine brain membranes.

1988 • 207 citations

Mutational analysis of a ras catalytic domain.

1986 • 205 citations

The effect of Mg2+ on the guanine nucleotide exchange rate of p21N-ras.

1986 • 203 citations

Biochemical properties of Ha-ras encoded p21 mutants and mechanism of the autophosphorylation reaction.

1988 • 196 citations

Relationship Among Guanine Nucleotide Exchange, GTP Hydrolysis, and Transforming Potential of Mutated ras Proteins

1988 • 196 citations

Yeast and mammalian ras proteins have conserved biochemical properties

1985 • 195 citations

Ha-ras proteins exhibit GTPase activity: point mutations that activate Ha-ras gene products result in decreased GTPase activity.

1985 • 195 citations

The ras oncogene--an important regulatory element in lower eucaryotic organisms

1989 • 189 citations

A novel small molecular weight GTP-binding protein with the same putative effector domain as the ras proteins in bovine brain membranes. Purification, determination of primary structure, and characterization.

1988 • 185 citations

Comparative biochemical properties of p21 ras molecules coded for by viral and cellular ras genes

1982 • 179 citations

Substrate for botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase, Gb, has an amino acid sequence homologous to a putative rho gene product.

1988 • 178 citations

The drosophila ras oncogenes: Structure and nucleotide sequence

1984 • 175 citations

Reconstitution of protein transport from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi complex in yeast: the acceptor Golgi compartment is defective in the sec23 mutant.

1988 • 172 citations

Dominant yeast and mammalian RAS mutants that interfere with the CDC25-dependent activation of wild-type RAS in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1989 • 162 citations

A C-terminal domain of GAP is sufficient to stimulate ras p21 GTPase activity.

1989 • 161 citations

Direct identification of palmitic acid as the lipid attached to p21ras.

1986 • 157 citations

Isolation of ras GTP-binding mutants using an in situ colony-binding assay.

1986 • 153 citations

The Sec15 protein responds to the function of the GTP binding protein, Sec4, to control vesicular traffic in yeast.

1989 • 144 citations

Nucleotide sequence of human rho cDNA clone 12

1987 • 143 citations

The ras-related ypt protein is an ubiquitous eukaryotic protein: isolation and sequence analysis of mouse cDNA clones highly homologous to the yeast YPT1 gene.

1987 • 142 citations

Regulatory Role for GTP-Binding Proteins in Endocytosis

1989 • 138 citations

Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of a ras gene from Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

1985 • 138 citations

A carboxyl-terminal cysteine residue is required for palmitic acid binding and biological activity of the ras-related yeast YPT1 protein.

1988 • 138 citations

Coding sequence of humanrhocDNAs clone 6 and clone 9

1988 • 137 citations

The ras-related mouse ypt1 protein can functionally replace the YPT1 gene product in yeast.

1989 • 136 citations

Kinetic analysis of the hydrolysis of GTP by p21N-ras. The basal GTPase mechanism.

1988 • 130 citations

The Oncogenic Activation of Human p21 ^ras by a Novel Mechanism

1986 • 130 citations

Structural differences between a ras oncogene protein and the normal protein

1989 • 125 citations

Purification and Characterization from Bovine Brain Cytosol of Two Gtpase-Activating Proteins Specific for smg p21, a GTP-binding Protein Having the Same Effector Domain as c-ras p21s

1989 • 120 citations

C-terminal Truncation of p21H Preserves Crucial Kinetic and Structural Properties

1989 • 112 citations

Characterization and Developmental Expression of a Drosophila ras Oncogene

1985 • 111 citations

The ras-like yeast YPT1 gene is itself essential for growth, sporulation, and starvation response.

1987 • 110 citations

Activated N-ras controls the transformed phenotype of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells

1987 • 109 citations

Processing and fatty acid acylation of RAS1 and RAS2 proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1986 • 108 citations

rasH mutants deficient in GTP binding.

1986 • 107 citations

Xenopus oocyte germinal-vesicle breakdown induced by [Val12]Ras is inhibited by a cytosol-localized Ras mutant.

1989 • 106 citations

Post-translational modification of low molecular mass GTP-binding proteins by isoprenoid.

1990 • 103 citations

Purification and Characterization of Human H-ras Proteins Expressed in Escherichia coli

1985 • 101 citations

Phenotypic changes induced by a mutated ras gene during the development of Dictyostelium transformants

1986 • 101 citations

Small Molecular Weight GTP-binding Proteins in Human Platelet Membranes

1989 • 100 citations

Identification of the ral and rac1 Gene Products, Low Molecular Mass GTP-binding Proteins from Human Platelets

1989 • 100 citations

Identification of guanine nucleotides bound to ras-encoded proteins in growing yeast cells.

1987 • 98 citations

Fatty acylation is important but not essential for Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAS function.

1987 • 98 citations

RAS2 protein of Saccharomyces cerevisiae is methyl-esterified at its carboxyl terminus

1989 • 92 citations

The Mechanism of Guanosine Nucleotide Hydrolysis by p21 c-Ha-ras

1989 • 91 citations

Mutations of the ras gene product p21 that abolish guanine nucleotide binding.

1986 • 91 citations

Ras interaction with the GTPase‐activating protein (GAP)

1989 • 87 citations

A product of yeast RAS2 gene is a guanine nucleotide binding protein.

1984 • 86 citations

Purification and properties of the cytosolic substrate for botulinum ADP-ribosyltransferase. Identification as an Mr 22,000 guanine nucleotide-binding protein.

1988 • 84 citations

Schizosaccharomyces pombe ras1 and byr1 are functionally related genes of the ste family that affect starvation-induced transcription of mating-type genes.

1990 • 79 citations

Identification of ras-related, YPT family genes in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

1990 • 78 citations

Regulatory function of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAS C-terminus.

1987 • 77 citations

Diacylglycerol production in Xenopus laevis oocytes after microinjection of p21ras proteins is a consequence of activation of phosphatidylcholine metabolism.

1990 • 72 citations

Guanosine nucleotide binding by highly purified Ha-ras-encoded p21 protein produced in Escherichia coli.

1984 • 71 citations

An activated c-Ha-ras allele blocks the induction of muscle-specific genes whose expression is contingent on mitogen withdrawal.

1987 • 68 citations

On ras gene function in yeast.

1985 • 67 citations

Inhibition by phospholipids of the interaction between R-ras, rho, and their GTPase-activating proteins.

1989 • 66 citations

Expression of an activated ras gene causes developmental abnormalities in transgenic Drosophila melanogaster.

1988 • 60 citations

Characterization of functional domains of p21 ras by use of chimeric genes.

1985 • 60 citations

Structural significance of the GTP-binding domain of ras p21 studied by site-directed mutagenesis.

1987 • 54 citations

A new RAS mutation that suppresses the CDC25 gene requirement for growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1988 • 52 citations

Possible Involvement of Normal p21 H-ras in the Insulin/Insulinlike Growth Factor 1 Signal Transduction Pathway

1989 • 52 citations

Mutants of H-ras that interfere with RAS effector function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1989 • 51 citations

An Adenylate Cyclase from Saccharomyces cerevisiae That Is Stimulated by RAS Proteins with Effector Mutations

1988 • 50 citations

A new member of therasgene superfamily identified in a rat liver cell line

1988 • 49 citations

Guanine nucleotide-dependent carboxyl methylation of mammalian membrane proteins.

1988 • 49 citations

p21-ras effector domain mutants constructed by "cassette" mutagenesis.

1988 • 47 citations

GTPase activating proteins for the smg-21 GTP-binding protein having the same effector domain as the ras proteins in human platelets

1989 • 44 citations

Purification and characterization of c-Ki-ras p21 from bovine brain crude membranes.

1988 • 42 citations

Stoichiometry of Aminoacyl-transfer RNA Binding and GTP Cleavage during Chain Elongation and Translocation

1969 • 41 citations

The S1 Factor in Peptide Chain Elongation

1970 • 34 citations

Expression of the Aplysia Californica Rho Gene in Escherichia Coli: Purification and Characterization of Its Encoded p21 Product

1987 • 32 citations

Chimeric proteins define variable and essential regions of Ha-ras-encoded protein.

1988 • 31 citations

Kinetic analysis of the binding of guanine nucleotide to bovine brain smg p25A

1989 • 28 citations

Multiple small molecular weight gtp-binding proteins in bovine brain cytosol purification and characterization of a 24KDa protein

1988 • 26 citations

Structure/Function Studies of the ras Protein

1988 • 25 citations

Interaction of ras p21 Proteins with GTPase Activating Protein

1988 • 24 citations

H-ras Mutants Lacking the Epitope for the Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody Y13-259 Show Decreased Biological Activity and Are Deficient in GTPase-Activating Protein Interaction

1989 • 19 citations

Kinetic analysis of the binding of guanine nucleotides to bovine brainrhoB p20, a ras p21-like GTP-binding protein

1989 • 17 citations

Structure/Function Analysis ofrasUsing Random Mutagenesis Coupled with Functional Screening Assays*

1987 • 16 citations

ras Oncogene Proteins: Three-dimensional Structures, Functional Implications, and a Model for Signal Transducer

1988 • 12 citations

A Mutational Analysis of ras Function

1989 • 11 citations

Genes encoding novel GTP‐binding proteins in Dictyostelium

1988 • 10 citations

Analysis of Mammalian ras Effector Function

1988 • 7 citations