Polymorphic human cytochrome P450 enzymes: an opportunity for individualized drug treatment

Incidence of Adverse Drug Reactions in Hospitalized Patients

1998 • 4,749 citations

Association of polymorphisms in the cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 with warfarin dose requirement and risk of bleeding complications

1999 • 1,263 citations

Cytochrome P450 2D6 variants in a Caucasian population: allele frequencies and phenotypic consequences.

1997 • 995 citations

Cytochrome P4502C9: an enzyme of major importance in human drug metabolism

1998 • 820 citations

Use of In Vitro and In Vivo Data to Estimate the Likelihood of Metabolic Pharmacokinetic Interactions

1997 • 755 citations

Functional significance of a C→A polymorphism in intron 1 of the cytochrome P450 CYP1A2 gene tested with caffeine

1999 • 722 citations

Inherited amplification of an active gene in the cytochrome P450 CYP2D locus as a cause of ultrarapid metabolism of debrisoquine.

1993 • 652 citations

Evolution of the P450 gene superfamily:

1990 • 508 citations

Impaired (S)-warfarin metabolism catalysed by the R144C allelic variant of CYP2C9

1994 • 500 citations

RESPONSE: Re: Modification of Clinical Presentation of Prostate Tumors by a Novel Genetic Variant in CYP3A4

1999 • 478 citations

Pharmaceutical innovation by the seven UK‐owned pharmaceutical companies (1964‐1985).

1988 • 467 citations

Genetic analysis of the Chinese cytochrome P4502D locus: characterization of variant CYP2D6 genes present in subjects with diminished capacity for debrisoquine hydroxylation.

1994 • 429 citations

The hypoalgesic effect of tramadol in relation to CYP2D6*

1996 • 398 citations

The CYP2A3 gene product catalyzes coumarin 7-hydroxylation in human liver microsomes

1990 • 387 citations

Polymorphism of the cytochrome P450 CYP2D6 gene in a European population: characterization of 48 mutations and 53 alleles, their frequencies and evolution

1997 • 378 citations

Frequencies of the defective CYP2C19 alleles responsible for the mephenytoin poor metabolizer phenotype in various Oriental, Caucasian, Saudi Arabian and American black populations

1997 • 350 citations

Modification of Clinical Presentation of Prostate Tumors by a Novel Genetic Variant in CYP3A4

1998 • 348 citations

Effect of Genetic Differences in Omeprazole Metabolism on Cure Rates for Helicobacter pylori Infection and Peptic Ulcer

1998 • 342 citations

Association of CYP 3 A 4 genotype with treatment-related leukemia

1998 • 315 citations

Genetic association between sensitivity to warfarin and expression of CYP2C9*3

1997 • 309 citations

Interindividual Differences in Hepatic Expression of CYP3A4: Relationship to Genetic Polymorphism in the 5′-Upstream Regulatory Region

1999 • 302 citations

A genetic polymorphism in coumarin 7-hydroxylation: sequence of the human CYP2A genes and identification of variant CYP2A6 alleles.

1995 • 293 citations

10-hydroxylation of nortriptyline in white persons with 0, 1, 2, 3, and 13 functional CYP2D6 genes*

1998 • 284 citations

Assessment of the predictive power of genotypes for the in-vivo catalytic function of CYP2D6 in a German population

1998 • 281 citations

The R144C change in the CYP2C9*2 allele alters interaction of the cytochrome P450 with NADPH:cytochrome P450 oxidoreductase

1997 • 269 citations

Same incidence of adverse drug events after codeine administration irrespective of the genetically determined differences in morphine formation

1998 • 260 citations

Allelic Variants of Human Cytochrome P450 2C9: Baculovirus-Mediated Expression, Purification, Structural Characterization, Substrate Stereoselectivity, and Prochiral Selectivity of the Wild-Type and I359L Mutant Forms

1996 • 256 citations

The Role of Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases in Plant-Insect Interactions

1996 • 252 citations

Codeine and morphine in extensive and poor metabolizers of sparteine: pharmacokinetics, analgesic effect and side effects

1996 • 238 citations

Pharmacokinetics of Citalopram in Relation to the Sparteine and the Mephenytoin Oxidation Polymorphisms

1993 • 214 citations

Impaired oxidation of debrisoquine in patients with perhexiline neuropathy.

1982 • 213 citations

Characterisation and PCR‐based detection of a CYP2A6 gene deletion found at a high frequency in a Chinese population

1999 • 207 citations

Frequent occurrence of CYP2D6 gene duplication in Saudi Arabians

1997 • 202 citations

A novel mutant variant of the CYP2D6 gene (CYP2D617) common in a black African population: association with diminished debrisoquine hydroxylase activity

1996 • 193 citations

Genetic analysis of CYP2C9 polymorphism in a Japanese population

1997 • 190 citations

Polymorphic hydroxylation of S-mephenytoin and omeprazole metabolism in Caucasian and Chinese subjects

1992 • 179 citations

Comparisons between in-vitro and in-vivo metabolism of (S)-warfarin: catalytic activities of cDNA-expressed CYP2C9, its Leu359 variant and their mixture versus unbound clearance in patients with the corresponding CYP2C9 genotypes

1998 • 162 citations

The cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) enzyme polymorphism: Screening costs and influence on clinical outcomes in psychiatry*

1996 • 156 citations

Genotyping of human cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6), a nicotine C‐oxidase

1998 • 151 citations

Genetic mechanisms for duplication and multiduplication of the human CYP2D6 gene and methods for detection of duplicated CYP2D6 genes

1999 • 146 citations

Invasion and maintenance of a gene duplication.

1994 • 145 citations

Extremely Rapid Hydroxylation of Debrisoquine

1985 • 144 citations

A Combination of Mutations in theCYP2D6*17(CYP2D6Z) Allele Causes Alterations in Enzyme Function

1997 • 139 citations

Genetically deficient CYP2D6 metabolism provides protection against oral opiate dependence

1997 • 133 citations

Identification of new human CYP2C19 alleles (CYP2C19*6 and CYP2C19*2B) in a Caucasian poor metabolizer of mephenytoin.

1998 • 129 citations

Quick Onset of Severe Abdominal Pain After Codeine in an Ultrarapid Metabolizer of Debrisoquine

1997 • 124 citations

Pharmacokinetics and effect on caffeine metabolism of the proton pump inhibitors, omeprazole, lansoprazole, and pantoprazole

1998 • 123 citations

Molecular cloning of a family of xenobiotic-inducible drosophilid cytochrome P450s: Evidence for involvement in host-plant allelochemical resistance

1997 • 122 citations

Characterization of a Human GlutathioneS-Transferase μ Cluster Containing a DuplicatedGSTM1Gene that Causes Ultrarapid Enzyme Activity

1997 • 118 citations

Influence of CYP2D6 polymorphism on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tolterodine*

1998 • 118 citations

Disposition of fluvoxamine in humans is determined by the polymorphic CYP2D6 and also by the CYP1A2 activity*

1996 • 116 citations

Xenobiotic and endobiotic inhibitors of cytochrome p-450dbl function, the target of the debrisoouine/sparteine type polymorphism

1988 • 113 citations

Neuroleptic dosage for Asians

1983 • 112 citations

The disposition of fluoxetine but not sertraline is altered in poor metabolizers of debrisoquin*

1996 • 109 citations

Haloperidol and Prolactin Concentrations in Asians and Caucasians

1988 • 104 citations

Relationship between plasma desipramine levels, CYP2D6 phenotype and clinical response to desipramine: a prospective study

1997 • 104 citations

The CYP2D6 genotype predicts the oral clearance of the neuroleptic agents perphenazine and zuclopenthixol*

1996 • 102 citations

Debrisoquine and S-mephenytoin hydroxylation phenotypes and genotypes in a Korean population

1996 • 98 citations

A new CYP2A6 gene deletion responsible for the in vivo polymorphic metabolism of (+)-cis-3,5-dimethyl-2-(3-pyridyl)thiazolidin-4-one hydrochloride in humans.

1999 • 96 citations

S-mephenytoin hydroxylation phenotype and CYP2C19 genotype among Ethiopians

1996 • 88 citations

Phenotyping and genotyping of S-mephenytoin hydroxylase (cytochrome P450 2C19) in a Shona population of Zimbabwe*

1995 • 84 citations

Genetic polymorphism of CYP2D6 and lung cancer risk in African- Americans and Caucasians in Los Angeles County

1997 • 71 citations

Involvement of cytochrome P450 in host-plant utilization by Sonoran Desert Drosophila.

1992 • 68 citations

Laying the foundations for personalized medicines

1997 • 64 citations

Formation of morphine from codeine in Chinese subjects of different CYP2D6 genotypes*

1996 • 60 citations

Propranolol disposition in Chinese subjects of different CYP2D6 genotypes*

1995 • 53 citations

Intrinsic Efficacy of Proguanil against Falciparum and Vivax Malaria Independent of the Metabolite Cycloguanil

1999 • 45 citations

Effect of CYP2C19 polymorphism on serum levels of vitamin B₁₂ in patients on long‐term omeprazole treatment

1999 • 41 citations

The CYP2D6 Genotype and Plasma Concentrations of Mianserin Enantiomers in Relation to Therapeutic Response to Mianserin in Depressed Japanese Patients

1997 • 41 citations

Dr. Lin Replies

1983 • 34 citations

The influence of the sparteine/debrisoquine genetic polymorphism on the disposition of dexfenfluramine

1996 • 30 citations

Molecular heterogeneity at the CYP2D gene locus in Nicaraguans: impact of gene-flow from Europe

1997 • 21 citations

Influence of debrisoquine hydroxylation phenotype on the pharmacokinetics of mexiletine

1993 • 20 citations

Urinary Excretion of Codeine, Ethylmorphine, and Their Metabolites

1997 • 17 citations

Rapid determination of CYP2D6 phenotype during propafenone therapy by analysing urinary excretion of propafenone glucuronides

1994 • 13 citations

Genetic Polymorphism of Drug Metabolizing Enzymes. Implications for Toxicity of Drugs and Other Xenobiotics

1997 • 13 citations