Delivering the kiss of death: progress on understanding how perforin works

The Immunological Synapse: A Molecular Machine Controlling T Cell Activation

1999 • 3,025 citations

Cytotoxicity mediated by T cells and natural killer cells is greatly impaired in perforin-deficient mice

1994 • 1,772 citations

Perforin Gene Defects in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

1999 • 1,212 citations

Lymphocyte-Mediated Cytotoxicity

2002 • 1,079 citations

Cytolytic T-cell cytotoxicity is mediated through perforin and Fas lytic pathways

1994 • 1,073 citations

Human T Regulatory Cells Can Use the Perforin Pathway to Cause Autologous Target Cell Death

2004 • 972 citations

Plasma Membrane Repair Is Mediated by Ca2+-Regulated Exocytosis of Lysosomes

2001 • 966 citations

Cytotoxic lymphocytes require granzyme B for the rapid induction of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis in allogeneic target cells

1994 • 844 citations

C2-domains, Structure and Function of a Universal Ca2+-binding Domain

1998 • 835 citations

The Immunological Synapse of CTL Contains a Secretory Domain and Membrane Bridges

2001 • 796 citations

The C2 domain calcium‐binding motif: Structural and functional diversity

1996 • 784 citations

The ABCs of granule-mediated cytotoxicity: new weapons in the arsenal

2003 • 751 citations

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte granules are secretory lysosomes, containing both perforin and granzymes.

1991 • 693 citations

Structure of the first C2 domain of synaptotagmin I: A novel Ca2+/phospholipid-binding fold

1995 • 680 citations

Perforin-mediated target-cell death and immune homeostasis

2006 • 566 citations

Cell Membrane Resealing by a Vesicular Mechanism Similar to Neurotransmitter Release

1994 • 522 citations

Decreased tumor surveillance in perforin-deficient mice.

1996 • 487 citations

Plasma Membrane Disruption: Repair, Prevention, Adaptation

2003 • 468 citations

Mannose 6-Phosphate/Insulin-like Growth Factor II Receptor Is a Death Receptor for Granzyme B during Cytotoxic T Cell–Induced Apoptosis

2000 • 393 citations

New Paradigm for Lymphocyte Granule-mediated Cytotoxicity

1996 • 368 citations

Structure and function of human perforin

1988 • 346 citations

Perforin Triggers a Plasma Membrane-Repair Response that Facilitates CTL Induction of Apoptosis

2005 • 301 citations

Cytotoxic Cell Granule-Mediated Apoptosis

2002 • 297 citations

The roles of perforin‐ and Fas‐dependent cytotoxicity in protection against cytopathic and noncytopathic viruses

1995 • 286 citations

Calcium-regulated exocytosis is required for cell membrane resealing.

1995 • 278 citations

Granzyme B: a natural born killer

2003 • 276 citations

Homology of perforin to the ninth component of complement (C9)

1988 • 268 citations

Spectrum of Perforin Gene Mutations in Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

2001 • 253 citations

Cytotoxicity with target DNA breakdown by rat basophilic leukemia cells expressing both cytolysin and granzyme A

1992 • 243 citations

Granzyme B (GraB) Autonomously Crosses the Cell Membrane and Perforin Initiates Apoptosis and GraB Nuclear Localization

1997 • 237 citations

Serial killing by cytotoxic T lymphocytes: T cell receptor triggers degranulation, re‐filling of the lytic granules and secretion of lytic proteins via a non‐granule pathway

1995 • 220 citations

Purification and properties of cytoplasmic granules from cytotoxic rat LGL tumors.

1984 • 219 citations

Surface Cathepsin B Protects Cytotoxic Lymphocytes from Self-destruction after Degranulation

2002 • 215 citations

Cytosolic Delivery of Granzyme B by Bacterial Toxins: Evidence that Endosomal Disruption, in Addition to Transmembrane Pore Formation, Is an Important Function of Perforin

1999 • 214 citations

Entry and Trafficking of Granzyme B in Target Cells During Granzyme B-Perforin–Mediated Apoptosis

1998 • 210 citations

Structural/functional similarity between proteins involved in complement- and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated cytolysis

1986 • 209 citations

Vesicle accumulation and exocytosis at sites of plasma membrane disruption.

1995 • 205 citations

Nuclear war: the granzyme A-bomb

2003 • 198 citations

Perforin is activated by a proteolytic cleavage during biosynthesis which reveals a phospholipid-binding C2 domain

1997 • 195 citations

Mechanism of Phospholipid Binding by the C₂A-Domain of Synaptotagmin I

1998 • 191 citations

Granzyme A-deficient mice retain potent cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

1995 • 186 citations

Perforin and the granule exocytosis cytotoxicity pathway

2003 • 166 citations

The orphan granzymes of humans and mice

2003 • 152 citations

Synergistic roles of granzymes A and B in mediating target cell death by rat basophilic leukemia mast cell tumors also expressing cytolysin/perforin.

1995 • 149 citations

A Ternary Metal Binding Site in the C2 Domain of Phosphoinositide-Specific Phospholipase C-δ1^,

1997 • 146 citations

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection associated with mutations in perforin that impair its maturation

2003 • 145 citations

Granzyme A is critical for recovery of mice from infection with the natural cytopathic viral pathogen, ectromelia.

1996 • 139 citations

The calcium-binding protein calreticulin is a major constituent of lytic granules in cytolytic T lymphocytes.

1993 • 137 citations

Granzyme M Mediates a Novel Form of Perforin-dependent Cell Death

2004 • 134 citations

Role of Calcium Influx in Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Lytic Granule Exocytosis during Target Cell Killing

2001 • 121 citations

A functional analysis of the putative polymorphisms A91V and N252S and 22 missense perforin mutations associated with familial hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

2005 • 111 citations

A clathrin/dynamin- and mannose-6-phosphate receptor–independent pathway for granzyme B–induced cell death

2003 • 110 citations

Cell death induced by granzyme C

2003 • 106 citations

Solution structure and membrane interactions of the C2 domain of cytosolic phospholipase A 2 1 1Edited by J. Karn

1998 • 106 citations

C2 domain conformational changes in phospholipase C-δ1

1996 • 104 citations

A noncytotoxic mast cell tumor line exhibits potent IgE-dependent cytotoxicity after transfection with the cytolysin/perforin gene

1991 • 104 citations

The genes for perforin, granzymes A–C and IFN‐γ are differentially expressed in single CD8+ T cells during primary activation

2002 • 103 citations

Interaction of chondroitin sulfate with perforin and granzymes of cytolytic T-cells is dependent on pH

1990 • 101 citations

Granzyme K cleaves the nucleosome assembly protein SET to induce single-stranded DNA nicks of target cells

2006 • 101 citations

A single amino acid change, A91V, leads to conformational changes that can impair processing to the active form of perforin

2005 • 98 citations

Cutting Edge: Granzymes A and B Are Not Essential for Perforin-Mediated Tumor Rejection

2003 • 96 citations

Granzyme K Directly Processes Bid to Release Cytochrome c and Endonuclease G Leading to Mitochondria-dependent Cell Death

2007 • 95 citations

Theiler’s Virus Infection of Perforin-Deficient Mice

1998 • 88 citations

Interaction between a Ca²⁺-Binding Protein Calreticulin and Perforin, a Component of the Cytotoxic T-Cell Granules

1998 • 82 citations

Location of the Membrane-Docking Face on the Ca²⁺-Activated C2 Domain of Cytosolic Phospholipase A₂

1998 • 79 citations

Cationic Sites on Granzyme B Contribute to Cytotoxicity by Promoting Its Uptake into Target Cells

2005 • 79 citations

Granzyme B Binds to Target Cells Mostly by Charge and Must Be Added at the Same Time as Perforin to Trigger Apoptosis

2005 • 78 citations

Granule-mediated Killing by Granzyme B and Perforin Requires a Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptor and Is Augmented by Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate

2005 • 77 citations

Perforin Lytic Activity Is Controlled by Calreticulin

2000 • 73 citations

Localization and molecular modelling of the membrane-inserted domain of the ninth component of human complement and perforin

1990 • 73 citations

The Functional Basis for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Patient with Co-inherited Missense Mutations in the Perforin (PFN1) Gene

2004 • 72 citations

Granzyme M Directly Cleaves Inhibitor of Caspase-Activated DNase (CAD) to Unleash CAD Leading to DNA Fragmentation

2006 • 69 citations

Granzyme-mediated Cytotoxicity Does Not Involve the Mannose 6-Phosphate Receptors on Target Cells

2004 • 58 citations

Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Cathepsin B-deficient Mice Survive Normally in Vitro and in Vivo after Encountering and Killing Target Cells

2006 • 51 citations

Molecular cloning and chromosomal assignment of a human perforin (PFP) gene

1989 • 51 citations

Perforin and Fas in murine gammaherpesvirus-specific CD8+ T cell control and morbidity

2001 • 43 citations

Functional size of complement and perforin pores compared by confocal laser scanning microscopy and fluorescence microphotolysis

1991 • 41 citations

Chromosome Transfer Activates and Delineates a Locus Control Region for Perforin

2007 • 39 citations

Inactivation and proteolytic degradation of perforin within lytic granules upon neutralization of acidic pH

1997 • 37 citations

Cytolytic and ion channel-forming properties of the N terminus of lymphocyte perforin.

1991 • 35 citations

A novel mechanism of regulatory T cell-mediated down-regulation of autoimmunity

2006 • 34 citations

Cell Death-Associated Translocation of Plasma Membrane Components Induced by CTL

2000 • 23 citations

Calreticulin, a component of the endoplasmic reticulum and of cytotoxic lymphocyte granules, regulates perforin-mediated lysis in the hemolytic model system

1998 • 20 citations

The lymphocyte pore-forming protein perforin is associated with granules by a pH-dependent mechanism

1989 • 16 citations

Expression and characterization of functionally active recombinant perforin produced in insect cells.

1996 • 14 citations