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Apoptosis in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Disease

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Caspases: the executioners of apoptosis

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A caspase-activated DNase that degrades DNA during apoptosis, and its inhibitor ICAD

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p53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents

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Cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase by a proteinase with properties like ICE

1994 • 2,575 citations

Caspases: killer proteases

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Plant Antitumor Agents. I. The Isolation and Structure of Camptothecin, a Novel Alkaloidal Leukemia and Tumor Inhibitor from Camptotheca acuminata^1,2

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Specific proteolytic cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: an early marker of chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.

1993 • 1,888 citations

DFF, a Heterodimeric Protein That Functions Downstream of Caspase-3 to Trigger DNA Fragmentation during Apoptosis

1997 • 1,848 citations

Requirement for ceramide-initiated SAPK/JNK signalling in stress-induced apoptosis

1996 • 1,784 citations

Cleavage of CAD inhibitor in CAD activation and DNA degradation during apoptosis

1998 • 1,651 citations

Functions of Ceramide in Coordinating Cellular Responses to Stress

1996 • 1,620 citations

Molecular thanatopsis: a discourse on the BCL2 family and cell death

1996 • 1,412 citations

Protease activation during apoptosis: Death by a thousand cuts?

1995 • 1,335 citations

Caspase-3-Generated Fragment of Gelsolin: Effector of Morphological Change in Apoptosis

1997 • 1,233 citations

FLICE is activated by association with the CD95 death-inducing signaling complex (DISC)

1997 • 1,207 citations

Apoptotic death in epithelial cells: cleavage of DNA to 300 and/or 50 kb fragments prior to or in the absence of internucleosomal fragmentation.

1993 • 1,144 citations

Role of poly(ADP-ribose) formation in DNA repair

1992 • 1,142 citations

An Induced Proximity Model for Caspase-8 Activation

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1989 • 1,030 citations

Involvement of the CD95 (APO–1/Fas) receptor/ligand system in drug–induced apoptosis in leukemia cells

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1989 • 937 citations

BAX-induced cell death may not require interleukin 1β-converting enzyme-like proteases

1996 • 911 citations

FADD: Essential for Embryo Development and Signaling from Some, But Not All, Inducers of Apoptosis

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DNA strand breaks: the DNA template alterations that trigger p53-dependent DNA damage response pathways.

1994 • 850 citations

Essential contribution of caspase 3/CPP32 to apoptosis and its associated nuclear changes

1998 • 843 citations

Ceramide synthase mediates daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: An alternative mechanism for generating death signals

1995 • 835 citations

Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase: a molecular nick-sensor

1994 • 790 citations

Induction of nuclear accumulation of the tumor-suppressor protein p53 by DNA-damaging agents.

1993 • 770 citations

Cytochrome c: Can't Live with It—Can't Live without It

1997 • 768 citations

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1996 • 746 citations

DNA Damaging Agents Induce Expression of Fas Ligand and Subsequent Apoptosis in T Lymphocytes via the Activation of NF-κB and AP-1

1998 • 726 citations

Protein kinase cascades activated by stress and inflammatory cytokines

1996 • 722 citations

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1995 • 684 citations

Apopain/CPP32 cleaves proteins that are essential for cellular repair: a fundamental principle of apoptotic death.

1996 • 621 citations

Apoptosis and the Dilemma of Cancer Chemotherapy

1997 • 615 citations

The Current Status of Camptothecin Analogues as Antitumor Agents

1993 • 614 citations

Lamin proteolysis facilitates nuclear events during apoptosis.

1996 • 587 citations

Caspases and caspase inhibitors

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Premature p34 ^cdc2 Activation Required for Apoptosis

1994 • 568 citations

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1997 • 555 citations

Proteolysis of Fodrin (Non-erythroid Spectrin) during Apoptosis

1995 • 539 citations

Cleavage of lamin A by Mch2 alpha but not CPP32: multiple interleukin 1 beta-converting enzyme-related proteases with distinct substrate recognition properties are active in apoptosis.

1996 • 529 citations

Studies of the lamin proteinase reveal multiple parallel biochemical pathways during apoptotic execution.

1995 • 524 citations

PIK-Related Kinases: DNA Repair, Recombination, and Cell Cycle Checkpoints

1995 • 509 citations

DNA topoisomerase-targeting antitumor drugs can be studied in yeast.

1988 • 490 citations

Proteolytic Activation of Protein Kinase C δ by an ICE/CED 3-like Protease Induces Characteristics of Apoptosis

1996 • 484 citations

The CD95 (APO-1/Fas) system mediates drug-induced apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.

1997 • 456 citations

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1993 • 452 citations

Caspases Are Activated in a Branched Protease Cascade and Control Distinct Downstream Processes in Fas-induced Apoptosis

1998 • 450 citations

Cleavage of p21Cip1/Waf1 and p27Kip1 Mediates Apoptosis in Endothelial Cells through Activation of Cdk2: Role of a Caspase Cascade

1998 • 441 citations

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1990 • 427 citations

DNA-dependent protein kinase is one of a subset of autoantigens specifically cleaved early during apoptosis.

1995 • 422 citations

Protease Involvement in Fodrin Cleavage and Phosphatidylserine Exposure in Apoptosis

1996 • 409 citations

Role for Bcl-x_Las an inhibitor of cytosolic cytochrome C accumulation in DNA damage-induced apoptosis

1997 • 397 citations

Topoisomerase II-reactive chemotherapeutic drugs induce apoptosis in thymocytes.

1991 • 392 citations

Mch3, a novel human apoptotic cysteine protease highly related to CPP32.

1995 • 391 citations

Phosphatidylserine Externalization during CD95-induced Apoptosis of Cells and Cytoplasts Requires ICE/CED-3 Protease Activity

1996 • 386 citations

Daunorubicin-induced apoptosis: triggering of ceramide generation through sphingomyelin hydrolysis.

1996 • 371 citations

Differential requirement of DNA replication for the cytotoxicity of DNA topoisomerase I and II inhibitors in Chinese hamster DC3F cells.

1989 • 368 citations

Multiple species of CPP32 and Mch2 are the major active caspases present in apoptotic cells

1997 • 367 citations

DNA-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit: a target for an ICE-like protease in apoptosis.

1996 • 351 citations

FLICE Induced Apoptosis in a Cell-free System

1997 • 343 citations

Loss of a p53-associated G1 checkpoint does not decrease cell survival following DNA damage.

1993 • 334 citations

Bcr-Abl Exerts Its Antiapoptotic Effect Against Diverse Apoptotic Stimuli Through Blockage of Mitochondrial Release of Cytochrome C and Activation of Caspase-3

1998 • 319 citations

Evidence that DNA topoisomerase I is necessary for the cytotoxic effects of camptothecin.

1988 • 314 citations

Caspase-3-mediated Cleavage of Protein Kinase C θ in Induction of Apoptosis

1997 • 308 citations

Induction of neuronal apoptosis by camptothecin, an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase-I: evidence for cell cycle-independent toxicity.

1996 • 301 citations

Activation of CD95 (APO-1/Fas) signaling by ceramide mediates cancer therapy-induced apoptosis

1997 • 286 citations

Fas Activation of the p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signalling Pathway Requires ICE/CED-3 Family Proteases

1997 • 285 citations

Drug-induced apoptosis in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia: relationship between p53 gene mutation and bcl-2/bax proteins in drug resistance.

1996 • 278 citations

ATM-related genes: What do they tell us about functions of the human gene?

1995 • 276 citations

Selective cleavage of nuclear autoantigens during CD95 (Fas/APO-1)-mediated T cell apoptosis.

1996 • 270 citations

Microfilament reorganization during apoptosis: the role of Gas2, a possible substrate for ICE-like proteases.

1995 • 265 citations

Comparison of Apoptosis in Wild-Type and Fas-Resistant Cells: Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis Is Not Dependent on Fas/Fas Ligand Interactions

1997 • 262 citations

Overexpression of Bcl-X(L) inhibits Ara-C-induced mitochondrial loss of cytochrome c and other perturbations that activate the molecular cascade of apoptosis.

1997 • 259 citations

Multiple Pathways of Neuronal Death Induced by DNA-Damaging Agents, NGF Deprivation, and Oxidative Stress

1998 • 243 citations

Abrogation of an S-phase checkpoint and potentiation of camptothecin cytotoxicity by 7-hydroxystaurosporine (UCN-01) in human cancer cell lines, possibly influenced by p53 function.

1997 • 241 citations

Suppression of Apoptosis by Dominant Negative Mutants of Cyclin-dependent Protein Kinases

1996 • 239 citations

Target Cell Lysis by CTL Granule Exocytosis Is Independent of ICE/Ced-3 Family Proteases

1997 • 237 citations

Cytoskeleton—membrane interactions

1996 • 231 citations

Camptothecin cytotoxicity in mammalian cells is associated with the induction of persistent double strand breaks in replicating DNA

1991 • 228 citations

Genome digestion is a dispensable consequence of physiological cell death mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes.

1992 • 225 citations

Inhibition of p34cdc2 kinase activity by etoposide or irradiation as a mechanism of G2 arrest in Chinese hamster ovary cells.

1990 • 222 citations

Bcl-xL is expressed in neuroblastoma cells and modulates chemotherapy-induced apoptosis.

1995 • 220 citations

Role of the Stress-activated/c-Jun NH2-terminal Protein Kinase Pathway in the Cellular Response to Adriamycin and Other Chemotherapeutic Drugs

1996 • 215 citations

PITSLRE protein kinase activity is associated with apoptosis

1995 • 212 citations

Specific Cleavage of α-Fodrin during Fas- and Tumor Necrosis Factor-induced Apoptosis Is Mediated by an Interleukin-1β-converting Enzyme/Ced-3 Protease Distinct from the Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Protease

1996 • 211 citations

Activation of Multiple Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme Homologues in Cytosol and Nuclei of HL-60 Cells during Etoposide-induced Apoptosis

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The involvement of active DNA synthesis in camptothecin-induced G2 arrest: altered regulation of p34cdc2/cyclin B.

1992 • 209 citations

c-Jun NH2-terminal Kinase-mediated Activation of Interleukin-1β Converting Enzyme/CED-3-like Protease during Anticancer Drug-induced Apoptosis

1997 • 207 citations

Dual modes of death induced by etoposide in human epithelial tumor cells allow Bcl-2 to inhibit apoptosis without affecting clonogenic survival.

1996 • 206 citations

prICE: a downstream target for ceramide-induced apoptosis and for the inhibitory action of Bcl-2

1996 • 203 citations

Formation of large molecular weight fragments of DNA is a key committed step of apoptosis in thymocytes.

1994 • 202 citations

Increases in sequence specific DNA binding by p53 following treatment with chemotherapeutic and DNA damaging agents.

1993 • 201 citations

Molecular Ordering of Apoptotic Mammalian CED-3/ICE-like Proteases

1996 • 198 citations

Modulation of chromatin superstructure induced by poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis and degradation.

1986 • 197 citations

Cancer therapy and p53

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CPAN, a human nuclease regulated by the caspase-sensitive inhibitor DFF45

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Activation of the Native 45-kDa Precursor Form of Interleukin-1-converting Enzyme

1996 • 193 citations

Comparison of Apoptosis in Wild-Type and Fas-Resistant Cells: Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis Is Not Dependent on Fas/Fas Ligand Interactions

1997 • 189 citations

Apoptosis in C3H/10T1/2 mouse embryonic cells: evidence for internucleosomal DNA modification in the absence of double-strand cleavage.

1993 • 181 citations

Histone shuttling by poly ADP-ribosylation

1994 • 173 citations

Activation of the CPP32 protease in apoptosis induced by 1-beta-D- arabinofuranosylcytosine and other DNA-damaging agents

1996 • 171 citations

Pivotal role of a DEVD-sensitive step in etoposide-induced and Fas-mediated apoptotic pathways.

1996 • 167 citations

Death substrates come alive

1997 • 167 citations

Antagonism between camptothecin and topoisomerase II-directed chemotherapeutic agents in a human leukemia cell line.

1991 • 165 citations

Distinct cleavage products of nuclear proteins in apoptosis and necrosis revealed by autoantibody probes

1998 • 164 citations

Overexpression of Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL inhibits Ara-C-induced CPP32/Yama protease activity and apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia HL-60 cells.

1996 • 163 citations

Expression of Neutral Sphingomyelinase Identifies a Distinct Pool of Sphingomyelin Involved in Apoptosis

1997 • 159 citations

The Involvement of Protein Phosphatases in the Activation of ICE/CED-3 Protease, Intracellular Acidification, DNA Digestion, and Apoptosis

1996 • 158 citations

Macromolecular substrates for the ICE-like proteases during apoptosis

1997 • 158 citations

An ICE‐like protease is a common mediator of apoptosis induced by diverse stimuli in human monocytic THP.1 cells

1995 • 158 citations

Induction of a retinoblastoma phosphatase activity by anticancer drugs accompanies p53-independent G1 arrest and apoptosis.

1995 • 158 citations

Unscheduled activation of cyclin B1/Cdc2 kinase in human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL60 cells undergoing apoptosis induced by DNA damage.

1995 • 156 citations

Chemotherapy-Induced Apoptosis

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New technique for uncoupling the cleavage and religation reactions of Eukaryotic Topoisomerase I.

1991 • 153 citations

Histone shuttling by poly(ADP-ribosylation).

1992 • 152 citations

Aspartate-Based Inhibitor of Interleukin-1β-Converting Enzyme Prevents Antitumor Agent-Induced Apoptosis in Human Myeloid Leukemia U937 Cells

1995 • 151 citations

Effects of camptothecin on the breakage and repair of DNA during the cell cycle.

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Comparison of Caspase Activation and Subcellular Localization in HL-60 and K562 Cells Undergoing Etoposide-Induced Apoptosis

1997 • 140 citations

Cleavage of PITSLRE Kinases by ICE/CASP-1 and CPP32/CASP-3 during Apoptosis Induced by Tumor Necrosis Factor

1997 • 138 citations

Topoisomerase Inhibitors Can Selectively Interfere with Different Stages of Simian Virus 40 DNA Replication

1986 • 135 citations

Activation of intracellular proteases is an early event in TNF-induced apoptosis.

1995 • 129 citations

ICE/CED-3 proteasesin apoptosis

1996 • 128 citations

Heteronuclear Ribonucleoproteins C1 and C2, Components of the Spliceosome, Are Specific Targets of Interleukin 1β-converting Enzyme-like Proteases in Apoptosis

1996 • 127 citations

Fas-induced apoptosis of T cells occurs independently of ceramide generation

1997 • 123 citations

Defective expression of hematopoietic cell protein tyrosine phosphatase (HCP) in lymphoid cells blocks Fas-mediated apoptosis

1995 • 123 citations

Role of proteolysis in apoptosis: involvement of serine proteases in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation in immature thymocytes

1993 • 109 citations

Affinity labeling displays the stepwise activation of ICE-related proteases by Fas, staurosporine, and CrmA-sensitive caspase-8

1997 • 107 citations

Camptothecin-induced apoptosis in p53-null human leukemia HL60 cells and their isolated nuclei: effects of the protease inhibitors Z-VAD-fmk and dichloroisocoumarin suggest an involvement of both caspases and serine proteases

1997 • 107 citations

Expression, Refolding, and Autocatalytic Proteolytic Processing of the Interleukin-1β-converting Enzyme Precursor

1995 • 107 citations

Antagonistic effect of aclarubicin on the cytotoxicity of etoposide and 4′-(9-acridinylamino)methanesulfon-m-anisidide in human small cell lung cancer cell lines and on topoisomerase II-mediated DNA cleavage

1991 • 106 citations

Effects of cytosine arabinoside, daunomycin, mithramycin, azacytidine, adriamycin, and camptothecin on mammalian cell cycle traverse.

1972 • 106 citations

Comparison of Caspase Activation and Subcellular Localization in HL-60 and K562 Cells Undergoing Etoposide-Induced Apoptosis

1997 • 106 citations

p53 phosphorylation: Biochemical and functional consequences

1996 • 104 citations

Cell cycle stage-dependent variations in drug-induced topoisomerase II mediated DNA cleavage and cytotoxicity

1987 • 103 citations

BCR-ABL Delays Apoptosis Upstream of Procaspase-3 Activation

1998 • 100 citations

Helicase inhibition by anthracycline anticancer agents.

1992 • 99 citations

How Phosphorylation Regulates the Activity of p53

1996 • 97 citations

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1994 • 89 citations

Etoposide (VP-16-213)-induced gene alterations: potential contribution to cell death.

1991 • 85 citations

Inhibition of p34cdc2 kinase activation, p34cdc2 tyrosine dephosphorylation, and mitotic progression in Chinese hamster ovary cells exposed to etoposide.

1992 • 85 citations

The Temporal Relationship between Protein Phosphatase, ICE/CED-3 Proteases, Intracellular Acidification, and DNA Fragmentation in Apoptosis

1997 • 82 citations

Control of Apoptosis by Proteases

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Topoisomerase inhibitors can selectively interfere with different stages of simian virus 40 DNA replication.

1986 • 80 citations

Activation of the c-jun protooncogene in human myeloid leukemia cells treated with etoposide.

1991 • 74 citations

Selective induction of apoptosis in Hep 3B cells by topoisomerase I inhibitors: evidence for a protease-dependent pathway that does not activate cysteine protease P32.

1996 • 73 citations

Disruption of a topoisomerase-DNA cleavage complex by a DNA helicase.

1994 • 73 citations

Mechanism of epipodophyllotoxin-induced cell death in poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) synthesis-deficient V79 Chinese hamster cell lines.

1990 • 73 citations

Primary Structure and Differential Gene Expression of Three Membrane Forms of Guanylyl Cyclase Found in the Eye of the TeleostOryzias latipes

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Characterization of intra- and intermolecular DNA ligation mediated by eukaryotic topoisomerase I. Role of bipartite DNA interaction in the ligation process.

1994 • 62 citations

Camptothecin Hypersensitivity in PoIy(Adenosine Diphosphate-Ribose) Polymerase-Deficient Cell Lines

1989 • 59 citations

Small Deletion and Insertion Mutations Induced by the Topoisomerase II Inhibitor Teniposide in CHO Cells and Comparison with Sites of Drug-stimulated DNA Cleavage in Vitro

1993 • 54 citations

DNA damage detection by DNA dependent protein kinase and related enzymes.

1996 • 53 citations

Mutagenic activity of topoisomerase I inhibitors

1995 • 50 citations

Effect of pyrazoloacridine (NSC 366140) on DNA topoisomerases I and II.

1998 • 49 citations

Uncoupling the DNA cleavage and religation activities of topoisomerase II with a single-stranded nucleic acid substrate: evidence for an active enzyme-cleaved DNA intermediate

1990 • 47 citations

Involvement of stress-activated protein kinase in the cellular response to 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine and other DNA-damaging agents.

1995 • 46 citations

Studies of the topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage and religation reactions by use of a suicidal double-stranded DNA substrate

1991 • 46 citations

Hypersensitivity of Cultured Ataxia-Telangiectasia Cells to Etoposide<xref ref-type="fn" rid="FN2">2</xref>

1986 • 40 citations

Exposure to camptothecin breaks leading and lagging strand simian virus 40 DNA replication forks

1990 • 38 citations

Effect of 1-beta-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine on apoptosis and differentiation in human monocytic leukemia cells (U937) expressing a c-Jun dominant-negative mutant protein (TAM67).

1996 • 36 citations

Overproduction of topoisomerase II in an ataxia telangiectasia fibroblast cell line: comparison with a topoisomerase II-overproducing hamster cell mutant

1989 • 35 citations

Proteolytic cleavage during chemotherapy-induced apoptosis

1996 • 35 citations

Integration of Simian Virus 40 into Cellular DNA Occurs at or near Topoisomerase II Cleavage Hot Spots Induced by VM-26 (Teniposide)

1993 • 33 citations

Purification and characterization of a Mg2+-dependent endonuclease (AN34) from etoposide-treated human leukemia HL-60 cells undergoing apoptosis.

1998 • 30 citations

A shuttle vector for analysis of illegitimate recombination in mammalian cells: effects of DNA topo-isomerase inhibitors on deletion frequency

1991 • 29 citations

Jun and JNK Kinase Are Activated in Thymocytes in Response to VM26 and Radiation but Not Glucocorticoids

1997 • 28 citations

Formation and resealing of intercalator-induced DNA strand breaks in permeabilized L1210 cells without the stimulated synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose).

1982 • 27 citations

Selective inhibition of topoisomerase II by ICRF-193 does not support a role for topoisomerase II activity in the fragmentation of chromatin during apoptosis of human leukemia cells.

1996 • 25 citations

Integration of simian virus 40 into cellular DNA occurs at or near topoisomerase II cleavage hot spots induced by VM-26 (teniposide).

1993 • 24 citations

Activation of poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase in apoptotic human cells

1995 • 23 citations

Adenovirus E1A-induced apoptosis elicits a steep decrease in the topoisomerase II alpha level during the latent phase.

1995 • 22 citations

Induction of Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzyme Activity for Degradation of Topoisomerase IIα during Adenovirus E1A-Induced Apoptosis

1997 • 15 citations

Genetics of Apoptosis

1997 • 14 citations

Intramolecular and Intermolecular DNA Ligation Mediated by Topoisomerase II

1994 • 10 citations

Cell type dependent activation of poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis following treatment with etoposide

1990 • 9 citations

TNF receptor fusion protein in rheumatoid arthritis

1996 • 5 citations