Inside the Neutrophil Phagosome: Oxidants, Myeloperoxidase, and Bacterial Killing

The Metabolic Basis of Inherited Disease.

1988 • 7,933 citations

Biological Defense Mechanisms. THE PRODUCTION BY LEUKOCYTES OF SUPEROXIDE, A POTENTIAL BACTERICIDAL AGENT

1973 • 2,955 citations

Nitric oxide synthases: Roles, tolls, and controls

1994 • 2,945 citations

Inflammation. Basic principles and clinical correlates

1989 • 2,424 citations

Role of nitric oxide synthesis in macrophage antimicrobial activity

1991 • 1,547 citations

Macrophage phagocytosis of aging neutrophils in inflammation. Programmed cell death in the neutrophil leads to its recognition by macrophages.

1989 • 1,540 citations

NO at work

1994 • 1,493 citations

The Biochemical Basis of Phagocytosis

1959 • 1,240 citations

Peroxidases in chemistry and biology

1990 • 1,039 citations

Evidence for the generation of an electronic excitation state(s) in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes and its participation in bactericidal activity

1972 • 966 citations

Mouse model of X–linked chronic granulomatous disease, an inherited defect in phagocyte superoxide production

1995 • 920 citations

Studies on the chlorinating activity of myeloperoxidase.

1976 • 918 citations

THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEUTROPHILIC POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES IN HUMAN BONE MARROW

1971 • 870 citations

Myeloperoxidase-Halide-Hydrogen Peroxide Antibacterial System

1968 • 840 citations

Neutrophil activation on biological surfaces. Massive secretion of hydrogen peroxide in response to products of macrophages and lymphocytes.

1987 • 823 citations

Chlorination of Taurine by Human Neutrophils

1982 • 794 citations

Formation of Reactive Nitrogen Species during Peroxidase-catalyzed Oxidation of Nitrite

1997 • 778 citations

The role of superoxide anion generation in phagocytic bactericidal activity. Studies with normal and chronic granulomatous disease leukocytes.

1975 • 705 citations

Biochemical Aspects of Phagocytosis

1961 • 657 citations

A Novel Role for the β2 Integrin CD11b/CD18 in Neutrophil Apoptosis: A Homeostatic Mechanism in Inflammation

1996 • 645 citations

Myeloperoxidase: a key regulator of neutrophil oxidant production

1997 • 641 citations

The biochemical basis of the NADPH oxidase of phagocytes

1993 • 631 citations

IODINATION OF BACTERIA: A BACTERICIDAL MECHANISM

1967 • 621 citations

The respiratory burst oxidase.

1994 • 608 citations

H2O2 Release from Human Granulocytes during Phagocytosis

1977 • 586 citations

Role of oxidants in microbial pathophysiology

1997 • 558 citations

Free radicals and phagocytic cells

1995 • 487 citations

The p47phox mouse knock-out model of chronic granulomatous disease.

1995 • 487 citations

Dityrosine, a specific marker of oxidation, is synthesized by the myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide system of human neutrophils and macrophages.

1993 • 486 citations

Enzymic mechanisms of superoxide production

1991 • 475 citations

Inflammation: Basic Principles and Clinical Correlates

1993 • 473 citations

Bactericidal activity of peroxynitrite

1992 • 436 citations

The respiratory burst of phagocytic cells is associated with a rise in vacuolar pH

1981 • 429 citations

Chlorination of endogenous amines by isolated neutrophils. Ammonia-dependent bactericidal, cytotoxic, and cytolytic activities of the chloramines.

1984 • 397 citations

Thiocyanate and chloride as competing substrates for myeloperoxidase

1997 • 392 citations

Chemiluminescence and superoxide production by myeloperoxidase-deficient leukocytes.

1976 • 373 citations

Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease

1978 • 371 citations

Absence of Respiratory Burst in X-linked Chronic Granulomatous Disease Mice Leads to Abnormalities in Both Host Defense and Inflammatory Response to Aspergillus fumigatus

1997 • 370 citations

Kinetics of nitric oxide and hydrogen peroxide production and formation of peroxynitrite during the respiratory burst of human neutrophils

1994 • 369 citations

Bimodal pattern of killing of DNA-repair-defective or anoxically grown Escherichia coli by hydrogen peroxide

1986 • 349 citations

Myeloperoxidase: Contribution to the Microbicidal Activity of Intact Leukocytes

1970 • 345 citations

DEGRANULATION OF POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUCOCYTES FOLLOWING PHAGOCYTOSIS OF MICROORGANISMS

1960 • 337 citations

Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates in Spontaneous and CD95(Fas/APO-1)–Mediated Apoptosis of Neutrophils

1997 • 334 citations

Bactericidal Activity of Aerobic and Anaerobic Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils

1974 • 333 citations

Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and virulence of Staphylococcus aureus. In vitro and in vivo studies with emphasis on staphylococcal--leukocyte interaction.

1975 • 324 citations

Defensins and other endogenous peptide antibiotics of vertebrates

1995 • 323 citations

Cytokine-treated human neutrophils contain inducible nitric oxide synthase that produces nitration of ingested bacteria.

1996 • 310 citations

Human neutrophil granules and secretory vesicles

1993 • 306 citations

Bacterial infection induces nitric oxide synthase in human neutrophils.

1997 • 305 citations

Molecular basis of chronic granulomatous disease [see comments]

1991 • 290 citations

The Comparative Toxicity of Nitric Oxide and Peroxynitrite to Escherichia coli

1995 • 286 citations

The electron transport chain of the microbicidal oxidase of phagocytic cells and its involvement in the molecular pathology of chronic granulomatous disease.

1989 • 286 citations

Assessment of chlorination by human neutrophils

1983 • 285 citations

IMMUNITY IN INFECTIVE DISEASES

1906 • 282 citations

Human monocytes/macrophages: NO or no NO?

1994 • 282 citations

Respiratory burst in adherent human neutrophils: triggering by colony- stimulating factors CSF-GM and CSF-G

1989 • 277 citations

The Biochemical Basis of Phagocytosis

1960 • 267 citations

Quantitative and temporal characterization of the extracellular H2O2 pool generated by human neutrophils.

1984 • 264 citations

Singlet oxygen production by biological systems

1989 • 263 citations

Intracellular singlet oxygen generation by phagocytosing neutrophils in response to particles coated with a chemical trap.

1992 • 259 citations

Human neutrophils employ chlorine gas as an oxidant during phagocytosis.

1996 • 258 citations

Evidence for hydroxyl radical production by human neutrophils.

1977 • 257 citations

Formation and release of nitric oxide from human neutrophils and HL‐60 cells induced by a chemotactic peptide, platelet activating factor and leukotriene B₄

1989 • 244 citations

Bactericidal activity of a superoxide anion-generating system. A model for the polymorphonuclear leukocyte.

1979 • 242 citations

Role of myeloperoxidase-mediated antimicrobial systems in intact leukocytes.

1972 • 236 citations

Kinetics of Oxidation of Tyrosine and Dityrosine by Myeloperoxidase Compounds I and II

1995 • 234 citations

Spin trapping evidence for myeloperoxidase-dependent hydroxyl radical formation by human neutrophils and monocytes.

1992 • 233 citations

Free radicals in iron-containing systems

1987 • 225 citations

Free hydroxyl radicals are formed on reaction between the neutrophil‐derived species Superoxide anion and hypochlorous acid

1993 • 212 citations

Role of the Phagocyte in Host-Parasite Interactions XII. Hydrogen Peroxide-Myeloperoxidase Bactericidal System in the Phagocyte

1967 • 210 citations

Involvement of superoxide and myeloperoxidase in oxygen-dependent killing of Staphylococcus aureus by neutrophils

1996 • 210 citations

Molecular basis of chronic granulomatous disease [see comments]

1991 • 210 citations

Singlet oxygen production by human eosinophils.

1988 • 207 citations

Biological defense mechanisms. Evidence for the participation of superoxide in bacterial killing by xanthine oxidase.

1975 • 202 citations

Reactive nitrogen intermediates and antimicrobial activity: Role of nitrite

1993 • 198 citations

Human granulocyte generation of hydroxyl radical.

1978 • 191 citations

General mechanism for the bacterial toxicity of hypochlorous acid: abolition of ATP production

1989 • 190 citations

Antimicrobial polypeptides of human neutrophils

1990 • 188 citations

Mechanism of inhibition of myeloperoxidase by anti-inflammatory drugs

1991 • 187 citations

Failure of Nitro Blue Tetrazolium reduction in the phagocytic vacuoles of leukocytes in chronic granulomatous disease

1969 • 187 citations

Neutrophils convert tyrosyl residues in albumin to chlorotyrosine

1996 • 186 citations

Hydrogen peroxide as a potent bacteriostatic antibiotic: Implications for host defense

1995 • 182 citations

Respiratory burst in adherent human neutrophils: triggering by colony- stimulating factors CSF-GM and CSF-G

1989 • 180 citations

The inhibition of bacterial growth by hypochlorous acid. Possible role in the bactericidal activity of phagocytes

1988 • 179 citations

Superoxide modulates the activity of myeloperoxidase and optimizes the production of hypochlorous acid

1988 • 177 citations

The effect of the NADPH oxidase inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium on aerobic and anaerobic microbicidal activities of human neutrophils

1988 • 167 citations

Role of myeloperoxidase in the respiratory burst of human neutrophils

1983 • 167 citations

Hydroxyl radical generation by polymorphonuclear leukocytes measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

1979 • 156 citations

Phagolysosomal pH of human neutrophils

1984 • 154 citations

Role of the Superoxide Anion in the Myeloperoxidase-mediated Antimicrobial System

1974 • 153 citations

Production of the superoxide adduct of myeloperoxidase (compound III) by stimulated human neutrophils and its reactivity with hydrogen peroxide and chloride

1985 • 153 citations

Antimicrobial polypeptides of human neutrophils

1990 • 152 citations

Purification of Helicobacter pylori superoxide dismutase and cloning and sequencing of the gene

1993 • 140 citations

Hydrogen peroxide utilization in myeloperoxidase-deficient leukocytes: a possible microbicidal control mechanism

1971 • 140 citations

Defective Bactericidal Activity in Myeloperoxidase-deficient Human Neutrophils

1969 • 139 citations

Leukocyte Bactericidal Activity in Chronic Granulomatous Disease: Correlation of Bacterial Hydrogen Peroxide Production and Susceptibility to Intracellular Killing

1969 • 137 citations

Role of superoxide dismutase and catalase as determinants of pathogenicity of Nocardia asteroides: importance in resistance to microbicidal activities of human polymorphonuclear neutrophils

1985 • 135 citations

Flow cytometric analysis of nitric oxide production in human neutrophils using dichlorofluorescein diacetate in the presence of a calmodulin inhibitor

1992 • 134 citations

Stoichiometric conversion of oxygen to superoxide anion during the respiratory burst in neutrophils. Direct evidence by a new method for measurement of superoxide anion with diacetyldeuteroheme-substituted horseradish peroxidase.

1986 • 132 citations

Iodination by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes: a re-evaluation.

1977 • 131 citations

Oxidation of chloride and thiocyanate by isolated leukocytes.

1986 • 129 citations

Superoxide production by polymorphonuclear leukocytes

1986 • 117 citations

Effect of nitric oxide on staphylococcal killing and interactive effect with superoxide

1996 • 117 citations

Myeloperoxidase modulates the phagocytic activity of polymorphonuclear neutrophil leukocytes. Studies with cells from a myeloperoxidase-deficient patient.

1984 • 114 citations

Myeloperoxidase as an effective inhibitor of hydroxyl radical production. Implications for the oxidative reactions of neutrophils.

1986 • 109 citations

Oxidative inactivation of Escherichia coli by hypochlorous acid

1982 • 109 citations

Human polymorphonuclear leukocytes lack detectable nitric oxide synthase activity.

1994 • 107 citations

The NADPH oxidase complex of phagocytic leukocytes: a biochemical and cytochemical view

1995 • 103 citations

The pathogenesis of infectious disease

1988 • 102 citations

Myeloperoxidase-dependent fluorescein chlorination by stimulated neutrophils.

1984 • 100 citations

Hydroxyl radical production by stimulated neutrophils reappraised.

1988 • 100 citations

Monoclonal antibodies demonstrate that superoxide dismutase contributes to protection of Nocardia asteroides within the intact host

1990 • 98 citations

Hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency

1981 • 98 citations

Lactoferrin-catalysed hydroxyl radical production. Additional requirement for a chelating agent

1983 • 96 citations

Superoxide Dismutase from Mycobacterium tuberculosis

1976 • 96 citations

Effects of the putative neutrophil-generated toxin, hypochlorous acid, on membrane permeability and transport systems of Escherichia coli.

1986 • 95 citations

Spin trapping evidence for the lack of significant hydroxyl radical production during the respiration burst of human phagocytes using a spin adduct resistant to superoxide-mediated destruction.

1990 • 93 citations

Superoxide is an antagonist of anti-inflammatory drugs that inhibit hypochlorous acid production by myeloperoxidase

1993 • 93 citations

Purification and properties of a unique superoxide dismutase from Nocardia asteroides.

1983 • 92 citations

The Machinery of Cell Crawling

1994 • 91 citations

Intraphagosomal Chlorination Dynamics and Yields Determined Using Unique Fluorescent Bacterial Mimics

1997 • 90 citations

Pseudomonas and neutrophil products modify transferrin and lactoferrin to create conditions that favor hydroxyl radical formation.

1991 • 79 citations

Superoxide-dependent hydroxylation by myeloperoxidase.

1994 • 78 citations

Possible role of bacterial siderophores in inflammation. Iron bound to the Pseudomonas siderophore pyochelin can function as a hydroxyl radical catalyst.

1990 • 73 citations

Chlorinating Ability of Human Phagocytosing Leucocytes

1975 • 71 citations

Myeloperoxidase-Dependent Generation of a Tyrosine Peroxide by Neutrophils

1997 • 70 citations

Modification of neutrophil oxidant production with diphenyleneiodonium and its effect on bacterial killing

1995 • 66 citations

Chloride ion efflux regulates adherence, spreading, and respiratory burst of neutrophils stimulated by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF) on biologic surfaces.

1996 • 66 citations

Bactericidal potency of hydroxyl radical in physiological environments

1994 • 62 citations

Radiation-Induced Damage in Escherichia coli B: The Effect of Superoxide Radicals and Molecular Oxygen

1978 • 62 citations

Do humans neutrophils form hydroxyl radical? Evaluation of an unresolved controversy

1988 • 60 citations

Inhibition of neutrophil killing of Candida albicans pseudohyphae by substances which quench hypochlorous acid and chloramines

1986 • 54 citations

Loss of DNA-membrane interactions and cessation of DNA synthesis in myeloperoxidase-treated Escherichia coli.

1990 • 54 citations

Catalase and superoxide dismutase in Escherichia coli.

1983 • 52 citations

Prooxidant activity of transferrin and lactoferrin.

1990 • 52 citations

Cytochemistry and reactive oxygen species: a retrospective

1994 • 51 citations

Cytochemical demonstration of hydrogen peroxide in polymorphonuclear leukocyte phagosomes

1975 • 50 citations

Comparison of the sensitivities of Salmonella typhimurium oxyR and katG mutants to killing by human neutrophils

1994 • 49 citations

Redundant contribution of myeloperoxidase-dependent systems to neutrophil-mediated killing of Escherichia coli

1997 • 47 citations

The superoxide dismutase activity of myeloperoxidase; formation of Compound III

1986 • 45 citations

Cloning and molecular characterization of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase from Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae

1996 • 44 citations

Rat, mouse and human neutrophils stimulated by a variety of activating agents produce much less nitrite than rodent macrophages.

1995 • 43 citations

Linkage of azurophil granule secretion in neutrophils to chloride ion transport and endosomal transcytosis.

1994 • 42 citations

Iodination by stimulated human neutrophils. Studies on its stoichiometry, subcellular localization and relevance to microbial killing

1983 • 40 citations

Hydroxylation of salicylate by activated neutrophils

1989 • 39 citations

Excretion of superoxide by phagocytes measured with cytochrome c entrapped in resealed erythrocyte ghosts.

1984 • 38 citations

Role of Peroxide in Phagocytic Killing of Pneumococci

1974 • 36 citations

The bactericidal effects of the respiratory burst and the myeloperoxidase system isolated in neutrophil cytoplasts

1988 • 36 citations

Proton channels, plasma membrane potential, and respiratory burst in human neutrophils

1993 • 35 citations

Characteristics of the granulocyte chemiluminescence reaction following an interaction between human neutrophils and Salmonella typhimurium bacteria

1988 • 35 citations

Activation of H+ conductance in neutrophils requires assembly of components of the respiratory burst oxidase but not its redox function.

1994 • 35 citations

Electron microscopic study of phagocytosis of Escherichia coli by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes

1985 • 34 citations

The Scientific Legacy of Apollo

1994 • 33 citations

Bactericidal properties of hydrogen peroxide and copper or iron-containing complex ions in relation to leukocyte function

1995 • 32 citations

Respiratory burst facilitates the digestion of Escherichia coli killed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes

1987 • 30 citations

IN VITRO AND IN VIVO STUDIES WITH EMPHASIS ON STAPHYLOCOCCAL-LEUKOCYTE INTERACTION

1975 • 30 citations

Role of Myeloperoxidase in the Killing of Staphylococcus aureus by Human Neutrophils: Studies with the Myeloperoxidase Inhibitor Salicylhydroxamic Acid

1989 • 27 citations

Immunity in Infective Diseases.

1969 • 23 citations

Radiation-induced generation of chlorine derivatives in N2O-saturated phosphate buffered saline: Toxic effects on Escherichia coli cells

1992 • 23 citations

Role of catalase and superoxide dismutase of the virulence of Listeria monocytogenes

1987 • 23 citations

Phagocytosis following Translocation of the Neutrophil b‐Cytochrome from the Specific Granule to the Plasma Membrane is Associated with an Increased Leakage of Reactive Oxygen Species

1992 • 22 citations

Increased degranulation of human myeloperoxidase‐deficient polymorphonuclear leucocytes

1985 • 19 citations

Phagocyte-Derived Free Radicals Stimulated by Ingestion of Iron-Rich Staphylococcus aureus: A Spin-Trapping Study

1991 • 18 citations

Superoxide dismutase and the resistance of Escherichia coli to phagocytic killing by human neutrophils

1993 • 17 citations

Role of myeloperoxidase in the respiratory burst of human neutrophils

1983 • 17 citations

Superoxide generation by the human polymorphonuclear leukocyte in response to latex beads

1992 • 15 citations

How important is the myeloperoxidase microbicidal system of phagocytic cells?

1982 • 13 citations

Superoxide Dismutase Protects Escherichia coli against Killing by Human Serum

1995 • 13 citations

Hereditary myeloperoxidase deficiency

1981 • 8 citations

Phagolysosomal pH of human neutrophils

1984 • 7 citations

Candidacidal activity of the neutrophil myeloperoxidase system can be protected from excess hydrogen peroxide by the presence of ammonium ion

1989 • 6 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations