Inflammation in stroke and focal cerebral ischemia

Adhesion receptors of the immune system

1990 • 6,585 citations

Biologic basis for interleukin-1 in disease

1996 • 4,324 citations

Thresholds in cerebral ischemia - the ischemic penumbra.

1981 • 2,780 citations

Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism

1991 • 2,276 citations

Leukocytes roll on a selectin at physiologic flow rates: Distinction from and prerequisite for adhesion through integrins

1991 • 2,195 citations

Effects of Cerebral Ischemia in Mice Deficient in Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase

1994 • 1,578 citations

Modulation of endothelial cell hemostatic properties by tumor necrosis factor.

1986 • 1,335 citations

Recombinant tumor necrosis factor induces procoagulant activity in cultured human vascular endothelium: characterization and comparison with the actions of interleukin 1.

1986 • 1,079 citations

Leukocyte rolling and extravasation are severely compromised in P selectin-deficient mice

1993 • 1,058 citations

Rapid neutrophil adhesion to activated endothelium mediated by GMP-140

1990 • 997 citations

Correlations and interactions in the production of interleukin-6 (IL- 6), IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in human blood mononuclear cells: IL-6 suppresses IL-1 and TNF

1990 • 991 citations

Two-step model of leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction in inflammation: distinct roles for LECAM-1 and the leukocyte beta 2 integrins in vivo.

1991 • 977 citations

Interleukin 1 (IL-1) induces biosynthesis and cell surface expression of procoagulant activity in human vascular endothelial cells.

1984 • 944 citations

PADGEM protein: A receptor that mediates the interaction of activated platelets with neutrophils and monocytes

1989 • 878 citations

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine: induction of circulating IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55

1994 • 799 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha expression in ischemic neurons.

1994 • 793 citations

Polymorphonuclear leukocytes occlude capillaries following middle cerebral artery occlusion and reperfusion in baboons.

1991 • 741 citations

Expression cloning of a functional glycoprotein ligand for P-selectin

1993 • 734 citations

Rodent models of cerebral ischemia.

1989 • 663 citations

Purification, cloning, expression and biological characterization of an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist protein

1990 • 609 citations

Sequential contribution of L- and P-selectin to leukocyte rolling in vivo.

1995 • 597 citations

Interleukin-1 as a Pathogenetic Mediator of Ischemic Brain Damage in Rats

1995 • 572 citations

Cerebral protection in homozygous null ICAM-1 mice after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Role of neutrophil adhesion in the pathogenesis of stroke.

1996 • 521 citations

Identification of a specific glycoprotein ligand for P-selectin (CD62) on myeloid cells.

1992 • 519 citations

Influx of leukocytes and platelets in an evolving brain infarct (Wistar rat).

1994 • 491 citations

Neutrophil rolling, arrest, and transmigration across activated, surface-adherent platelets via sequential action of P-selectin and the beta 2-integrin CD11b/CD18

1996 • 484 citations

Progression from ischemic injury to infarct following middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat.

1993 • 484 citations

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte accumulation in brain regions with low blood flow during the early postischemic period.

1986 • 474 citations

Correlation of Continuous Electroencephalograms With Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements During Carotid Endarterectomy

1973 • 474 citations

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor antagonist binds to the 80-kDa IL-1 receptor but does not initiate IL-1 signal transduction

1991 • 457 citations

P-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression after focal brain ischemia and reperfusion.

1994 • 428 citations

Cytokines, inflammation, and brain injury: role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

1994 • 421 citations

Neutrophil rolling, arrest, and transmigration across activated, surface-adherent platelets via sequential action of P-selectin and the beta 2-integrin CD11b/CD18

1996 • 400 citations

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in cellular immune reactions in the human central nervous system.

1990 • 388 citations

Cloning of the mouse endothelial selectins. Expression of both E- and P-selectin is inducible by tumor necrosis factor alpha.

1992 • 383 citations

Inflammatory Cell Adhesion Molecules in Ischemic Cerebrovascular Disease

2002 • 375 citations

Early Intrathecal Production of Interleukin-6 Predicts the Size of Brain Lesion in Stroke

1995 • 375 citations

Inhibition of polymorphonuclear leukocyte adherence suppresses no-reflow after focal cerebral ischemia in baboons.

1992 • 368 citations

Anti‐ICAM‐1 antibody reduces ischemic cell damage after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

1994 • 360 citations

Anti–Intercellular Adhesion Molecule–1 Antibody Reduces Ischemic Cell Damage After Transient But Not Permanent Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in the Wistar Rat

1995 • 346 citations

Hypoxia-mediated induction of endothelial cell interleukin-1 alpha. An autocrine mechanism promoting expression of leukocyte adhesion molecules on the vessel surface.

1992 • 341 citations

Interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression in ischemic rat cortex.

1993 • 335 citations

Proinflammatory cytokines in serum of patients with acute cerebral ischemia: kinetics of secretion and relation to the extent of brain damage and outcome of disease

1994 • 332 citations

Regulation of the fibrinolytic system of cultured human vascular endothelium by interleukin 1.

1986 • 325 citations

Temporal profile of ischemic tissue damage, neutrophil response, and vascular plugging following permanent and transient (2H) middle cerebral artery occlusion in the rat

1994 • 319 citations

Neuronal Protection in Stroke by an sLe ^x -Glycosylated Complement Inhibitory Protein

1999 • 313 citations

Inhibition of interleukin 1 (IL-1) binding and bioactivity in vitro and modulation of acute inflammation in vivo by IL-1 receptor antagonist and anti-IL-1 receptor monoclonal antibody.

1991 • 295 citations

Concomitant cortical expression of TNF-α and IL-1β mRNAs follows early response gene expression in transient focal ischemia

1994 • 278 citations

Hypoxia-induced exocytosis of endothelial cell Weibel-Palade bodies. A mechanism for rapid neutrophil recruitment after cardiac preservation.

1996 • 276 citations

The P-selectin glycoprotein ligand from human neutrophils displays sialylated, fucosylated, O-linked poly-N-acetyllactosamine.

1994 • 273 citations

Selectins: Novel Receptors that Mediate Leukocyte Adhesion During Inflammation

1991 • 264 citations

Endothelial ICAM-1 Expression Associated With Inflammatory Cell Response in Human Ischemic Stroke

1996 • 264 citations

Development of tissue damage, inflammation and resolution following stroke: An immunohistochemical and quantitative planimetric study

1993 • 262 citations

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist competitively inhibits the binding of interleukin-1 to the type II interleukin-1 receptor

1991 • 262 citations

Relation between EEG, regional cerebral blood flow and internal carotid artery pressure during carotid endarterectomy

1973 • 252 citations

Neutrophil Infiltration Increases Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in the Ischemic Brain after Occlusion/Reperfusion of the Middle Cerebral Artery in Rats

2003 • 247 citations

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist decreases the number of necrotic neurons in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion.

1995 • 238 citations

Induction of interleukin-1β mRNA after focal cerebral ischaemia in the rat

1994 • 236 citations

A functional integrin ligand on the surface of platelets: intercellular adhesion molecule-2.

1994 • 220 citations

Procedural and Strain-related Variables Significantly Affect Outcome in a Murine Model of Focal Cerebral Ischemia

1996 • 220 citations

Dehydroascorbic acid, a blood–brain barrier transportable form of vitamin C, mediates potent cerebroprotection in experimental stroke

2001 • 218 citations

Disintegrins and other naturally occurring antagonists of platelet fibrinogen receptors.

1994 • 206 citations

Peripheral Administration of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Inhibits Brain Damage after Focal Cerebral Ischemia in the Rat

1996 • 206 citations

Redistribution of alpha-granules and their contents in thrombin-stimulated platelets.

1984 • 205 citations

Interleukin-1 induces interleukin-8 secretion from endothelial cells by a juxtacrine mechanism

1994 • 204 citations

Serial Measurement of Interleukin-6, Transforming Growth Factor-β, and S-100 Protein in Patients With Acute Stroke

1996 • 204 citations

Monoclonal Antibody to the ICAM-1 Adhesion Site Reduces Neurological Damage in a Rabbit Cerebral Embolism Stroke Model

1993 • 202 citations

Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein–1 Messenger RNA Expression in Rat Ischemic Cortex

1995 • 198 citations

Exacerbation of Cerebral Injury in Mice That Express the P-Selectin Gene

1997 • 198 citations

Microvascular changes during cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

1994 • 194 citations

Increased PMN adherence on endothelial cells after hypoxia: involvement of PAF, CD18/CD11b, and ICAM-1

1993 • 189 citations

Antibodies against Adhesion Molecules Reduce Apoptosis after Transient Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion in Rat Brain

1996 • 188 citations

Reperfusion increases neutrophils and leukotriene B4 receptor binding in rat focal ischemia.

1992 • 187 citations

Expression of Interleukin-6, c-Fos, and zif268 mRNAs in Rat Ischemic Cortex

1995 • 179 citations

Elucidation of the thromboregulatory role of CD39/ectoapyrase in the ischemic brain

2002 • 177 citations

Differential and time-dependent expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 mRNA by astrocytes and macrophages in rat brain: effects of ischemia and peripheral lipopolysaccharide administration

1997 • 175 citations

Hypoxia-ischemia induces transforming growth factor β1 mRNA in the infant rat brain

1992 • 173 citations

Circulating Selectin- and Immunoglobulin-Type Adhesion Molecules in Acute Ischemic Stroke

1995 • 172 citations

Rapid Disruption of an Astrocyte Interaction With the Extracellular Matrix Mediated by Integrin α₆β₄During Focal Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion

1997 • 165 citations

The expression of P- and E-selectins in three models of middle cerebral artery occlusion

1998 • 162 citations

L-selectin mediates neutrophil rolling in inflamed venules through sialyl LewisX-dependent and -independent recognition pathways

1993 • 162 citations

Effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade on cytokine synthesis: I. IL-1 receptor antagonist inhibits IL-1-induced cytokine synthesis and blocks the binding of IL-1 to its type II receptor on human monocytes

1992 • 155 citations

Cytokines and Cell Adhesion Molecules in Cerebral Ischemia

1998 • 154 citations

Prevention of cerebral edema and infarct in cerebral reperfusion injury by an antibody to interleukin-8.

1997 • 154 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 reduces infarct size after experimental cerebral ischemia in a rabbit model.

1993 • 153 citations

Elucidation of the thromboregulatory role of CD39/ectoapyrase in the ischemic brain

2002 • 153 citations

Activation of p38^MAPK in Microglia After Ischemia

1998 • 152 citations

Postischemic Cerebrovascular E-Selectin Expression Mediates Tissue Injury in Murine Stroke

2000 • 151 citations

Expression of transforming growth factor-?1 and interleukin-1? mRNA in rat brain following transient forebrain ischemia

1993 • 150 citations

The temporal profiles of ICAM-1 protein and mRNA expression after transient MCA occlusion in the rat

1995 • 149 citations

“Brain Attack”: The Rationale for Treating Stroke as a Medical Emergency

1994 • 141 citations

E-Selectin Appears in Nonischemic Tissue During Experimental Focal Cerebral Ischemia

1996 • 139 citations

Integrin α _IIb β ₃ Inhibitor Preserves Microvascular Patency in Experimental Acute Focal Cerebral Ischemia

2000 • 135 citations

Neutrophil protein kinase Cδ as a mediator of stroke-reperfusion injury

2004 • 135 citations

Inhibition of MEK/ERK 1/2 pathway reduces pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 expression in focal cerebral ischemia

2003 • 134 citations

Transient Increase of Cytokine-Induced Neutrophil Chemoattractant, a Member of the Interleukin-8 Family, in Ischemic Brain Areas After Focal Ischemia in Rats

1995 • 132 citations

A Transforming Growth Factor-β Antagonist Unmasks the Neuroprotective Role of This Endogenous Cytokine in Excitotoxic and Ischemic Brain Injury

1999 • 127 citations

Cerebral vessels express interleukin 1β after focal cerebral ischemia

1998 • 125 citations

Microvascular Responses to Cerebral Ischemia/Inflammation^a

1997 • 125 citations

Neutrophil protein kinase Cδ as a mediator of stroke-reperfusion injury

2004 • 118 citations

Chemokines and their receptors in the brain: Pathophysiological roles in ischemic brain injury

2003 • 117 citations

Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant mRNA expressed in cerebral ischemia

1993 • 114 citations

Integrin alphavbeta3 is expressed in selected microvessels after focal cerebral ischemia.

1996 • 113 citations

Cytokines in cerebral ischemia: Expression of transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) mRNA in the postischemic adult rat hippocampus

1995 • 113 citations

E-Selectin in Focal Cerebral Ischemia and Reperfusion in the Rat

1996 • 111 citations

Neuronal rescue with transforming growth factor-β1 after hypoxic-ischaemic brain injury

1994 • 110 citations

The heterogeneous temporal evolution of focal ischemic neuronal damage in the rat

1993 • 109 citations

An in situ hybridization study on interleukin-1β mRNA induced by transient forebrain ischemia in the rat brain

1994 • 109 citations

Tissue factor contributes to microvascular defects after focal cerebral ischemia.

1993 • 101 citations

The induction of ICAM-1 in human cerebromicrovascular endothelial cells (HCEC) by ischemia-like conditions promotes enhanced neutrophil/HCEC adhesion

1997 • 100 citations

Leukocyte Interactions Mediated by P-Selection

1993 • 100 citations

Postischemic treatment (2–4 h) with anti-CD11b and anti-CD18 monoclonal antibodies are neuroprotective after transient (2 h) focal cerebral ischemia in the rat

1995 • 99 citations

Effect of interleukin-1 (IL-1) blockade on cytokine synthesis: II. IL-1 receptor antagonist inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine synthesis by human monocytes

1992 • 96 citations

Transforming growth factor-β1 exhibits delayed gene expression following focal cerebral ischemia

1995 • 93 citations

The peripheral lymph node homing receptor, LECAM-1, is involved in CD18-independent adhesion of human neutrophils to endothelium

1991 • 93 citations

Leukocyte Interactions Mediated by Selectins

1991 • 88 citations

Synthesis and release of interleukin 1 by reoxygenated human mononuclear phagocytes.

1992 • 88 citations

Increased expression of ICAM-1 during reoxygenation in brain endothelial cells.

1994 • 85 citations

INFLAMMATION-INDUCED ENDOTHELIAL CELL ADHESION TO LYMPHOCYTES, NEUTROPHILS, AND MONOCYTES

1989 • 84 citations

Serum levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and E-selectin in patients with acute ischaemic stroke

1997 • 83 citations

P-selectin antibody reduces hemorrhage and infarct volume resulting from MCA occlusion in the rat

1998 • 83 citations

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) as an anti-inflammatory cytokine: induction of circulating IL-1 receptor antagonist and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor p55

1994 • 81 citations

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha is increased in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of ischaemic stroke patients and correlates with the volume of evolving brain infarct

2001 • 81 citations

HuEP5C7 as a Humanized Monoclonal Anti-E/P-Selectin Neurovascular Protective Strategy in a Blinded Placebo-Controlled Trial of Nonhuman Primate Stroke

2002 • 78 citations

Neuroprotection in cerebral ischemia by neutralization of 3-aminopropanal

2002 • 76 citations

ICAM-1 expression on human brain microvascular endothelial cells

1994 • 75 citations

Histopathological and Hemodynamic Consequences of Complete versus Incomplete Ischemia in the Rat

1987 • 67 citations

Isolation, characterization, and expression of mouse ICAM-2 complementary and genomic DNA.

1992 • 59 citations

Distribution of Integrin-like Immunoreactivity on Primate Brain Microvasculature

1996 • 56 citations

Correlations and interactions in the production of interleukin-6 (IL- 6), IL-1, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in human blood mononuclear cells: IL-6 suppresses IL-1 and TNF

1990 • 56 citations

A peptide derived from the intercellular adhesion molecule-2 regulates the avidity of the leukocyte integrins CD11b/CD18 and CD11c/CD18.

1995 • 55 citations

Leukocyte rheology in recent stroke.

1987 • 53 citations

High-dose ibuprofen for reduction of striatal infarcts during middle cerebral artery occlusion in rats

2003 • 50 citations

Treatment of Focal Cerebral Ischemia With Synthetic Oligopeptide Corresponding to Lectin Domain of Selectin

1996 • 49 citations

Association of interleukin-1 alpha gene polymorphism with cerebral infarction

2003 • 49 citations

Do leukocytes have a role in the cerebral no-reflow phenomenon?

1989 • 47 citations

Trophic factor secreting kidney cell lines: in vitro characterization and functional effects following transplantation in ischemic rats

2001 • 45 citations

“Brain Attack”

1994 • 44 citations

Induction of cytokines, chemokines and adhesion molecule mRNA in a rat forebrain reperfusion model

1997 • 40 citations

Cytokines and Reperfusion Injury

1993 • 40 citations

Surface Expression of P-selectin on Platelets Is Related with Clinical Worsening in Acute Ischemic Stroke

2002 • 33 citations

TGF-β1 post-treatment in a rabbit model of cerebral ischaemia

1994 • 24 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta attenuates ischemia-induced alterations in cerebrovascular responses

1993 • 18 citations

Cerebral microvasculature in ischemia.

1978 • 18 citations

Trombólisis en el ictus: consideración inapropiada del ‘período de ventana’ como tiempo disponible

2005 • 13 citations