A comparison of the mechanisms of action of interferon beta and glatiramer acetate in the treatment of multiple sclerosis

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1993 • 1,908 citations

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1995 • 1,695 citations

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1999 • 999 citations

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1996 • 985 citations

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1999 • 968 citations

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1998 • 931 citations

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1999 • 839 citations

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1987 • 739 citations

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1999 • 728 citations

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1996 • 715 citations

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2001 • 697 citations

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1996 • 642 citations

European/Canadian multicenter, double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled study of the effects of glatiramer acetate on magnetic resonance imaging–measured disease activity and burden in patients with relapsing multiple sclerosis

2001 • 595 citations

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2001 • 563 citations

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1998 • 553 citations

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1995 • 473 citations

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2000 • 473 citations

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2001 • 471 citations

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1997 • 433 citations

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2000 • 412 citations

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1993 • 378 citations

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1996 • 363 citations

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1996 • 361 citations

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1995 • 336 citations

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1998 • 334 citations

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1998 • 332 citations

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1996 • 319 citations

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1996 • 302 citations

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1998 • 300 citations

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1996 • 290 citations

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1992 • 280 citations

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1997 • 280 citations

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1999 • 264 citations

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1998 • 264 citations

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1999 • 255 citations

Mechanisms of action of glatiramer acetate in multiple sclerosis

2001 • 252 citations

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (gelatinase B) is selectively elevated in CSF during relapses and stable phases of multiple sclerosis

1998 • 248 citations

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1994 • 243 citations

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1996 • 240 citations

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1999 • 232 citations

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1995 • 227 citations

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2000 • 223 citations

Elevated interleukin-12 in progressive multiple sclerosis correlates with disease activity and is normalized by pulse cyclophosphamide therapy.

1998 • 222 citations

Specific Th2 cells accumulate in the central nervous system of mice protected against experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis by copolymer 1

2000 • 222 citations

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1998 • 220 citations

Serum gelatinase B, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 levels in multiple sclerosis

1999 • 199 citations

Copolymer 1 acts against the immunodominant epitope 82–100 of myelin basic protein by T cell receptor antagonism in addition to major histocompatibility complex blocking

1999 • 191 citations

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2002 • 179 citations

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2001 • 179 citations

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1998 • 176 citations

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2002 • 176 citations

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2000 • 167 citations

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1995 • 166 citations

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2000 • 161 citations

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1996 • 155 citations

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1999 • 127 citations

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Effective treatment of models of multiple sclerosis by matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors

1998 • 124 citations

Characterization of MRI response to treatment with interferon beta-1b: Contrast-enhancing MRI lesion frequency as a primary outcome measure

1997 • 124 citations

Recombinant Interferon-β blocks proliferation but enhances interleukin-10 secretion by activated human T-cells

1996 • 122 citations

Increased frequency of gamma delta T cells in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral blood of patients with multiple sclerosis. Reactivity, cytotoxicity, and T cell receptor V gene rearrangements.

1995 • 117 citations

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2001 • 115 citations

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1999 • 114 citations

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1999 • 113 citations

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1996 • 113 citations

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1998 • 111 citations

Synthetic copolymer 1 inhibits human T-cell lines specific for myelin basic protein.

1992 • 111 citations

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1996 • 109 citations

IFN-β-1b Inhibits IL-12 Production in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells in an IL-10-Dependent Mechanism: Relevance to IFN-β-1b Therapeutic Effects in Multiple Sclerosis

2000 • 107 citations

Glatiramer acetate induces a Th2-biased response and crossreactivity with myelin basic protein in patients with MS

2001 • 105 citations

Primary gamma delta cell clones can be defined phenotypically and functionally as Th1/Th2 cells and illustrate the association of CD4 with Th2 differentiation.

1998 • 105 citations

Interferon-gamma-secreting cells in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta-1b

1995 • 100 citations

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2001 • 100 citations

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2000 • 99 citations

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1999 • 95 citations

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1998 • 95 citations

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2001 • 94 citations

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2001 • 92 citations

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1999 • 90 citations

Increased release of interleukin-12p40 in MS

1998 • 89 citations

Glatiramer acetate and IFN-β act on dendritic cells in multiple sclerosis

2001 • 89 citations

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2000 • 85 citations

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2000 • 84 citations

Copolymer-1-induced inhibition of antigen-specific T cell activation: interference with antigen presentation

1992 • 81 citations

Primary γδ Cell Clones Can Be Defined Phenotypically and Functionally as Th1/Th2 Cells and Illustrate the Association of CD4 with Th2 Differentiation

1998 • 79 citations

Development of Neutralizing Antibodies in Patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis Treated with IFN-β1a

1998 • 75 citations

IFN-β Differentially Regulates CD40-Induced Cytokine Secretion by Human Dendritic Cells

2000 • 74 citations

Interferon-β treatment in multiple sclerosis patients decreases the number of circulating T cells producing interferon-γ and interleukin-4

2000 • 74 citations

Modulation of the IL-10/IL-12 cytokine circuit by interferon-β inhibits the development of epitope spreading and disease progression in murine autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2000 • 74 citations

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1999 • 71 citations

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1996 • 68 citations

Circulating natural killer cells but not cytotoxic T lymphocytes are reduced in patients with active relapsing multiple sclerosis and little clinical disability as compared to controls

1995 • 64 citations

Metalloproteinases and their Tissue Inhibitors in Multiple Sclerosis

1999 • 63 citations

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2001 • 62 citations

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2000 • 60 citations

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2001 • 59 citations

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1999 • 59 citations

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1999 • 58 citations

Binding Motifs of Copolymer 1 to Multiple Sclerosis- and Rheumatoid Arthritis-Associated HLA-DR Molecules

1999 • 57 citations

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1996 • 51 citations

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2001 • 50 citations

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2000 • 47 citations

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2002 • 46 citations

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2001 • 46 citations

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1999 • 31 citations

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2001 • 20 citations

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1997 • 18 citations

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2001 • 13 citations

FOLLOWING DIRECT CD40 ACTIVATION, HUMAN PRIMARY MICROGLIAL CELLS PRODUCE IL-12 p40 BUT NOT BIOACTIVE IL-12 p70

2001 • 12 citations

Multiple sclerosis: deficientin vitroresponses of blood mononuclear cells to IFN-β

2001 • 12 citations

Interferon beta1a treatment modulates TH1 expression in gammadelta + T cells from relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients.

2001 • 6 citations