The insulin-like growth factor family of ligands, receptors, and binding proteins

Signal transduction by receptors with tyrosine kinase activity

1990 • 5,528 citations

Angiogenic Factors

1987 • 3,702 citations

Human insulin receptor and its relationship to the tyrosine kinase family of oncogenes

1985 • 2,257 citations

Growth Factors and Cancer

1991 • 2,044 citations

Insulin-like growth factor I receptor primary structure: comparison with insulin receptor suggests structural determinants that define functional specificity.

1986 • 1,866 citations

GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR TYROSINE KINASES

1988 • 1,841 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factors I and II. Peptide, Messenger Ribonucleic Acid and Gene Structures, Serum, and Tissue Concentrations*

1989 • 1,796 citations

Epidermal growth factor.

1990 • 1,645 citations

The amino acid sequence of human insulin-like growth factor I and its structural homology with proinsulin.

1978 • 1,530 citations

The human insulin receptor cDNA: The structural basis for hormone-activated transmembrane signalling

1985 • 1,485 citations

Bombesin-like peptides can function as autocrine growth factors in human small-cell lung cancer

1985 • 1,360 citations

Tissue concentrations of somatomedin C: further evidence for multiple sites of synthesis and paracrine or autocrine mechanisms of action.

1984 • 1,171 citations

A hormonally controlled serum factor which stimulates sulfate incorporation by cartilage in vitro. 1956.

1990 • 1,075 citations

Insulin‐like growth factors I and II

1990 • 1,006 citations

Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins

1990 • 929 citations

Dual control of cell growth by somatomedins and platelet-derived growth factor.

1979 • 926 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factors as Intraovarian Regulators of Granulosa Cell Growth and Function*

1985 • 921 citations

Insulin-like growth factor II receptor as a multifunctional binding protein

1987 • 858 citations

Primary structure of human insulin‐like growth factor II

1978 • 776 citations

Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Proteins

1993 • 754 citations

Transforming growth factor α

1988 • 707 citations

An insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein enhances the biologic response to IGF-I.

1987 • 682 citations

Identification and molecular characterization of insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBP-1, -2, -3, -4, -5 and -6)

1991 • 680 citations

Cellular Localization of Somatomedin (Insulin-Like Growth Factor) Messenger RNA in the Human Fetus

1987 • 663 citations

Binding proteins for the insulin-like growth factors: Structure, regulation and function

1989 • 565 citations

Insulin Regulates the Serum Levels of Low Molecular Weight Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein*

1988 • 489 citations

Growth hormone-dependent insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein both inhibits and potentiates IGF-I-stimulated DNA synthesis in human skin fibroblasts

1988 • 488 citations

Organization and sequence of the human insulin-like growth factor I gene. Alternative RNA processing produces two insulin-like growth factor I precursor peptides.

1986 • 371 citations

Cloning and Expression of the Growth Hormone-Dependent Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein

1988 • 367 citations

A Single Receptor Binds Both Insulin-Like Growth Factor II and Mannose-6-Phosphate

1988 • 363 citations

Isolation of an inhibitory insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein from bone cell-conditioned medium: a potential local regulator of IGF action.

1989 • 358 citations

Evidence of Enzymatic Degradation of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins in the 150K Complex during Pregnancy*

1990 • 349 citations

Polypeptide Growth Factors: Roles In Normal And Abnormal Cell Growth

1987 • 339 citations

Insulin-like growth factor receptor expression and function in human breast cancer.

1990 • 321 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor I (IGF-I)-Binding Protein Complex Is a Better Mitogen than Free IGF-I*

1989 • 318 citations

Identification of five different insulin-like growth factor binding proteins (IGFBPs) from adult rat serum and molecular cloning of a novel IGFBP-5 in rat and human

1991 • 313 citations

Expression and characterization of a functional human insulin-like growth factor I receptor.

1988 • 313 citations

Increased levels of multiplication-stimulating activity, an insulin-like growth factor, in fetal rat serum.

1980 • 313 citations

Structure of the Mr 140,000 growth hormone-dependent insulin-like growth factor binding protein complex: determination by reconstitution and affinity-labeling.

1989 • 308 citations

Laron Dwarfism and Mutations of the Growth Hormone–Receptor Gene

1989 • 304 citations

SEQUENCE ANALYSIS OF SOMATOMEDIN-C: CONFIRMATION OF IDENTITY WITH INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR I

1983 • 297 citations

Phosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding protein 1 in cell culture and in vivo: effects on affinity for IGF-I.

1991 • 294 citations

Insulinlike Growth Factor-Binding Proteins

1990 • 291 citations

Insulin-like growth factor II precursor gene organization in relation to insulin gene family

1984 • 281 citations

A simple structure encodes G protein-activating function of the IGF-II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor

1990 • 278 citations

Monoclonal antibody to the type I insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) receptor blocks IGF-I receptor-mediated DNA synthesis: clarification of the mitogenic mechanisms of IGF-I and insulin in human skin fibroblasts.

1986 • 269 citations

Human chromosomal mapping of genes for insulin-like growth factors I and II and epidermal growth factor

1984 • 267 citations

Cross-reaction of serum somatomedin-binding protein in a radioimmunoassay developed for somatomedin-binding protein isolated from human amniotic fluid

1984 • 266 citations

Nucleotide Sequence and Expression of a cDNA Clone Encoding a Fetal Rat Binding Protein for Insulin-like Growth Factors

1989 • 263 citations

Two insulin-like growth factor I messenger RNAs are expressed in human liver.

1986 • 260 citations

Insulin-like Growth Factor I Receptor β-Subunit Heterogeneity

1989 • 259 citations

Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding the low molecular weight insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IBP-1).

1988 • 254 citations

Cloning, characterization, and expression of a human insulin-like growth factor binding protein

1988 • 249 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-ll (IGF-II): A Potential Autocrine/Paracrine Growth Factor for Human Breast Cancer Acting via the IGF-I Receptor

1989 • 248 citations

Nerve Growth Factor

1978 • 243 citations

Cloning, sequence analysis and expression of a cDNA encoding a novel insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-2).

1989 • 240 citations

Molecular Cloning of the cDNAs Encoding a Novel Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein from Rat and Human

1990 • 239 citations

Growth inhibition of human breast cancer cells in vitro with an antibody against the type I somatomedin receptor.

1989 • 233 citations

Isolation and Molecular Cloning of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-6

1991 • 233 citations

Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) Binding Protein Complementary Deoxyribonucleic Acid from Human HEP G2 Hepatoma Cells: Predicted Protein Sequence Suggests an IGF Binding Domain Different from Those of the IGF-I and IGF-II Receptors

1988 • 232 citations

Radioimmunoassay of a 26,000-Dalton Plasma Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein: Control by Nutritional Variables*

1988 • 231 citations

Increased Activity of Insulin-Like Growth Factor (IGF) in Osteoblastic Cells in the Presence of Growth Hormone (GH): Positive Correlation with the Presence of the GHInduced IGF-Binding Protein BP-3

1990 • 216 citations

Isolation of the human insulin-like growth factor genes: insulin-like growth factor II and insulin genes are contiguous.

1985 • 212 citations

Primary structure of human insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein/placental protein 12 and tissue‐specific expression of its mRNA

1988 • 210 citations

Nerve growth factor

1974 • 207 citations

Structure of the Receptor for Insulin-Like Growth Factor II: The Puzzle Amplified

1988 • 206 citations

Inhibitory Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein: Cloning, Complete Sequence, and Physiological Regulation

1990 • 204 citations

Receptors for insulin and insulin-like growth factor-I can form hybrid dimers. Characterisation of hybrid receptors in transfected cells

1990 • 199 citations

Structural similarities between human receptors for somatomedin C and insulin: analysis by affinity labeling

1981 • 187 citations

ORCADIAN VARIATION OF GH‐INDEPENDENT IGF‐BINDING PROTEIN IN DIABETES MELLITUS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO INSULIN. A NEW ROLE FOR INSULIN?

1988 • 185 citations

Localization of insulin-like growth factor genes to human chromosomes 11 and 12

1984 • 180 citations

Possible Direct Linkage of Insulin-like Growth Factor-II Receptor with Guanine Nucleotide-binding Proteins

1989 • 169 citations

Isolation of a novel insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein from human bone: A potential candidate for fixing IGF-II in human bone

1991 • 169 citations

Radioimmunoassay of placental protein 12: Levels in amniotic fluid, cord blood, and serum of healthy adults, pregnant women, and patients with trophoblastic disease

1982 • 168 citations

Different Tissue Distribution and Hormonal Regulation of Messenger RNAs Encoding Rat Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Proteins-1 and -2

1990 • 165 citations

A Low Molecular Weight Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein from Rat: cDNA Cloning and Tissue Distribution of its Messenger RNA

1989 • 158 citations

Defect of human growth hormone receptors in the liver of two patients with Laron-type dwarfism.

1984 • 151 citations

Insulin regulates the 35 kDa IGF binding protein in patients with diabetes mellitus

1988 • 150 citations

Regulation of binding proteins for insulin-like growth factors (IGF) in humans. Increased expression of IGF binding protein 2 during IGF I treatment of healthy adults and in patients with extrapancreatic tumor hypoglycemia.

1990 • 148 citations

The design, expression, and characterization of human insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) mutants specific for either the IGF-II/cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor or IGF-I receptor.

1991 • 146 citations

The receptor for insulin-like growth factor II mediates an insulin-like response.

1987 • 145 citations

Two Immunoreactive Binding Proteins for Insulin-Like Growth Factors in Human Amniotic Fluid: Relationship to Fetal Maturity*

1987 • 142 citations

Initial characterization of the four promoters of the human insulin-like growth factor II gene

1991 • 140 citations

Cloning of the bovine 215-kDa cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor.

1987 • 132 citations

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Organization of the human chromosomal gene and demonstration of promoter activity.

1990 • 131 citations

Isolation of a Somatomedin-Binding Protein from Preterm Amniotic Fluid. Development of a Radioimmunoassay*

1984 • 127 citations

Interactions of recombinant and platelet transforming growth factor-β1 precursor with the insulin-like growth factor II/mannose 6-phosphate receptor

1989 • 127 citations

Identification and Characterization of a Rat Decidual Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein Complementary DNA

1990 • 124 citations

Intact but not truncated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) blocks IGF I-induced stimulation of osteoblasts: Control of IGF signalling to bone cells by IGFBP-3-specific proteolysis?

1991 • 123 citations

Structure and expression of the rat insulin-like growth factor II (rIGF-II) gene. rIGF-II RNAs are transcribed from two promoters.

1986 • 122 citations

Immunoassay of a Somatomedin-Binding Protein from Human Amniotic Fluid: Levels in Fetal, Neonatal, and Adult Sera*

1984 • 120 citations

Insulin and Insulin-Like Growth Factor I in Early Development: Peptides, Receptors and Biological Events*

1990 • 120 citations

Interactions of Cathepsin-D and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-II (IGF-II) on the IGF-II/Mannose-6-Phosphate Receptor in Human Breast CancerCells and Possible Consequences on Mitogenic Activity of IGF-II

1990 • 119 citations

Isolation from human cerebrospinal fluid of a new insulin‐like growth factor‐binding protein with a selective affinity for IGF‐II

1989 • 116 citations

Isolation from adult human serum of four insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding proteins and molecular cloning of one of them that is increased by IGF I administration and in extrapancreatic tumor hypoglycemia.

1990 • 114 citations

Discrete alterations of the insulin-like growth factor I molecule which alter its affinity for insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins result in changes in bioactivity.

1990 • 114 citations

Identification and molecular cloning of two new 30-kDa insulin-like growth factor binding proteins isolated from adult human serum

1991 • 109 citations

Characterization of an Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein (IGFBP-4) Produced by the B104 Rat Neuronal Cell Line: Chemical and Biological Properties and Differential Synthesis by Sublines*

1991 • 109 citations

Distinctive regulation of the functional linkage between the human cation-independent mannose 6-phosphate receptor and GTP-binding proteins by insulin-like growth factor II and mannose 6-phosphate.

1990 • 108 citations

Mutants of human insulin-like growth factor I with reduced affinity for the type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptor

1988 • 106 citations

Transdominant inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity in mutant insulin/insulin-like growth factor I hybrid receptors.

1991 • 103 citations

Molecular cloning of a new human insulin-like growth factor binding protein

1991 • 100 citations

Structure and Function of a Human Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Gene Promoter

1991 • 100 citations

The characterization of somatomedin A, isolated by microcomputer-controlled chromatography, reveals an apparent identity to insulin-like growth factor 1

1984 • 97 citations

The Fetal Rat Binding Protein for Insulin-Like Growth Factors is Expressed in the Choroid Plexus and Cerebrospinal Fluid of Adult Rats

1989 • 94 citations

Mannose 6-phosphate/insulin-like growth factor II receptor: Distinct binding sites for mannose 6-phosphate and insulin-like growth factor II

1988 • 91 citations

Organization of the human genes for insulin‐like growth factors I and II

1986 • 88 citations

Serum Levels of Somatomedins and Somatomedin-Binding Protein in Pregnant Women with Type I or Gestational Diabetes and Their Infants*

1986 • 88 citations

Differential Effects of Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF)- I and IGF-II on the Expression of IGF Binding Proteins (IGFBPs) in a Rat Neuroblastoma Cell Line: Isolation and Characterization of Two Forms of IGFBP-4*

1991 • 87 citations

Structural characterization of a follicle-stimulating hormone action inhibitor in porcine ovarian follicular fluid. Its identification as the insulin-like growth factor-binding protein.

1990 • 84 citations

A novel human insulin-like growth factor binding protein secreted by osteoblast-like cells

1991 • 82 citations

Transforming Growth Factor-β Stimulates Production of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein-3 by Human Skin Fibroblasts*

1991 • 77 citations

Mannose 6-phosphate/insulin like growth factor II receptor: The two types of ligands bind simultaneously to one receptor at different sites

1988 • 77 citations

Evidence that type II insulin-like growth factor receptor is coupled to calcium gating system

1988 • 72 citations

Growth hormone-dependent insulin-like growth factor (IGF) binding protein from human plasma differs from other human igf binding proteins

1986 • 67 citations

Binding proteins for insulin-like growth factors in adult rat serum. Comparison with other human and rat binding proteins

1987 • 66 citations

A factor contained in plasma is required for IGF binding protein‐1 to potentiate the effect of IGF‐I on smooth muscle cell DNA synthesis

1990 • 63 citations

Autocrine regulation of cell growth and transformation by basic fibroblast growth factor

1990 • 62 citations

Biosynthesis of rat insulin-like growth factor II. I. Immunochemical demonstration of a approximately 20-kilodalton biosynthetic precursor of rat insulin-like growth factor II in metabolically labeled BRL-3A rat liver cells.

1985 • 62 citations

Insulin‐Like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP) inhibits igf action on human osteosarcoma cells

1991 • 61 citations

Expression of the BRL-3A Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein (rBP-30) in the Rat Central Nervous System

1989 • 59 citations

A Novel Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor I Messenger RNA is Expressed in Normal and Tumor Cells

1990 • 59 citations

Expression and characterization of a functional human insulin like growth factor-I receptor. J Biol Chem 263:11486-11492

1988 • 57 citations

Identification of a novel binding protein for insulin-like growth factors in adult rat serum

1989 • 55 citations

AN INHIBITORY INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR BINDING PROTEIN (IN-IGFBP) FROM HUMAN PROSTATIC CELL CONDITIONED MEDIUM REVEALS N-TERMINAL SEQUENCE IDENTITY WITH BONE DERIVED IN-IGFBP

1990 • 52 citations

Cell-Free Synthesis of Rat Insulin-like Growth Factor II

1982 • 48 citations

Specific binding of insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 to the type 1 and type 2 receptors respectively

1988 • 46 citations

Insulinlike Growth Factors in Human Malignancy

1991 • 42 citations

Characterization of monoclonal antibodies to the IGF-I receptor that inhibit IGF-I binding to human cells

1985 • 41 citations

Regulation of transmembrane signal transduction of insulin-like growth factor II by competence type growth factors or viral ras p21.

1991 • 34 citations

Cellular expression of mutant insulin receptors interferes with the rapid transcriptional response to both insulin and insulin-like growth factor I.

1991 • 33 citations

Characterization of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor hi K562 erythroleukemia cells; evidence for a biological function for the type II IGF receptor

1988 • 33 citations

Structure and localization of the human insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 2 gene

1991 • 32 citations

The gene encoding human low-molecular weight insulin-like growth-factor binding protein (IGF-BP25): regional localization to 7p12–p13 and description of a DNA polymorphism

1989 • 30 citations

Mutants of human insulin-like growth factor II with altered affinities for the type 1 and type 2 insulin-like growth factor receptor.

1991 • 30 citations

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein interacting but unstimulating sequence located in insulin-like growth factor II receptor. Its autoinhibitory characteristics and structural determinants

1991 • 22 citations

Biosynthesis of rat insulin-like growth factor II. II. Localization of mature rat insulin-like growth factor II (7484 daltons) to the amino terminus of the approximately 20-kilodalton biosynthetic precursor by radiosequence analysis.

1985 • 21 citations

Mitogens Regulate the Production of Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Binding Protein by Swiss 3T3 Cells

1991 • 20 citations

Effects of a single cleavage in insulin-like growth factors I and II on binding to receptors, carrier proteins and antibodies

1990 • 20 citations

Structural Determinants of Ligand Recognition by Type I Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptors: Use of Semisynthetic Insulin Analog Probes*

1988 • 16 citations

Developments in Oncology—2004

2004 • 14 citations

Structural and Functional Aspects of Platelet‐Derived Growth Factor and its Receptors

2007 • 14 citations

Estrogen-Regulated Proteins and Autocrine Control of Cell Growth in Breast Cancer

1986 • 10 citations

Growth and cancer.

1970 • 4 citations