The failure of current immunotherapy for malignant glioma. Tumor-derived TGF-?, T-cell apoptosis, and the immune privilege of the brain

A Gene Encoding an Antigen Recognized by Cytolytic T Lymphocytes on a Human Melanoma

1991 • 3,493 citations

Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-β1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease

1992 • 2,969 citations

Vaccination with irradiated tumor cells engineered to secrete murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulates potent, specific, and long-lasting anti-tumor immunity.

1993 • 2,828 citations

Molecular cloning and expression of the fas ligand, a novel member of the tumor necrosis factor family

1993 • 2,546 citations

Mechanism of activation of the TGF-β receptor

1994 • 2,298 citations

p27Kip1, a cyclin-Cdk inhibitor, links transforming growth factor-beta and contact inhibition to cell cycle arrest.

1994 • 1,970 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 null mutation in mice causes excessive inflammatory response and early death.

1993 • 1,941 citations

pl5INK4B is a potentia| effector of TGF-β-induced cell cycle arrest

1994 • 1,932 citations

Lethal effect of the anti-Fas antibody in mice

1993 • 1,915 citations

Production of transforming growth factor beta by human T lymphocytes and its potential role in the regulation of T cell growth.

1986 • 1,617 citations

Fas and Perforin Pathways as Major Mechanisms of T Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

1994 • 1,558 citations

Apoptotic death in epithelial cells: cleavage of DNA to 300 and/or 50 kb fragments prior to or in the absence of internucleosomal fragmentation.

1993 • 1,144 citations

Cytolytic T-cell cytotoxicity is mediated through perforin and Fas lytic pathways

1994 • 1,073 citations

Synthesis of messenger RNAs for transforming growth factors alpha and beta and the epidermal growth factor receptor by human tumors.

1987 • 895 citations

Growth inhibition by TGF-β linked to suppression of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation

1990 • 812 citations

Fas involvement in Ca(2+)-independent T cell-mediated cytotoxicity.

1993 • 801 citations

Murine interleukin-4 displays potent anti-tumor activity in vivo

1989 • 790 citations

Transforming growth factor beta is an important immunomodulatory protein for human B lymphocytes.

1986 • 777 citations

Astrocytes present myelin basic protein to encephalitogenic T-cell lines

1984 • 773 citations

Production of prostaglandin E and an interleukin-1 like factor by cultured astrocytes and C6 glioma cells.

1982 • 754 citations

Suppressor T cells generated by oral tolerization to myelin basic protein suppress both in vitro and in vivo immune responses by the release of transforming growth factor beta after antigen-specific triggering.

1992 • 734 citations

Oral tolerance to myelin basic protein and natural recovery from experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis are associated with downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and differential upregulation of transforming growth factor beta, interleukin 4, and prostaglandin E expression in the brain.

1992 • 726 citations

Induction of apoptosis in cultured hepatocytes and in regressing liver by transforming growth factor beta 1.

1992 • 675 citations

Effects of transforming growth factor beta on the functions of natural killer cells: depressed cytolytic activity and blunting of interferon responsiveness.

1986 • 579 citations

Negative Regulation of G1 in Mammalian Cells: Inhibition of Cyclin E-Dependent Kinase by TGF-β

1993 • 578 citations

Premature p34 ^cdc2 Activation Required for Apoptosis

1994 • 568 citations

TGFβ inhibition of Cdk4 synthesis is linked to cell cycle arrest

1993 • 544 citations

An Eosinophil-Dependent Mechanism for the Antitumor Effect of Interleukin-4

1992 • 540 citations

Contrasting mechanisms for suppression of macrophage cytokine release by transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin-10

1992 • 516 citations

Inhibition of cytotoxic T cell development by transforming growth factor beta and reversal by recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha.

1987 • 497 citations

Maternal Rescue of Transforming Growth Factor-β 1 Null Mice

1994 • 494 citations

Programmed cell death during regression of PC-82 human prostate cancer following androgen ablation.

1990 • 485 citations

Inhibition of cytokine production by cyclosporin A and transforming growth factor beta.

1987 • 466 citations

Programmed cell death during regression of the MCF-7 human breast cancer following estrogen ablation.

1991 • 429 citations

A highly immunogenic tumor transfected with a murine transforming growth factor type beta 1 cDNA escapes immune surveillance.

1990 • 409 citations

Interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor have a role in tumor regressions mediated by murine CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes.

1991 • 402 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 suppression of c-myc gene transcription: role in inhibition of keratinocyte proliferation.

1990 • 397 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta is a potent immunosuppressive agent that inhibits IL-1-dependent lymphocyte proliferation.

1988 • 392 citations

Immunosuppression and transforming growth factor-beta in glioblastoma. Preferential production of transforming growth factor-beta 2.

1989 • 391 citations

Complementary DNA for human glioblastoma-derived T cell suppressor factor, a novel member of the transforming growth factor-beta gene family.

1987 • 387 citations

Prevention and treatment of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis by transforming growth factor-beta 1.

1991 • 385 citations

A peptide encoded by human gene MAGE‐3 and presented by HLA‐A2 induces cytolytic T lymphocytes that recognize tumor cells expressing MAGE‐3

1994 • 379 citations

Differential expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3 by glioblastoma cells, astrocytes, and microglia.

1992 • 376 citations

Glioblastoma cells release interleukin 1 and factors inhibiting interleukin 2-mediated effects.

1984 • 367 citations

Anti-Fas/APO-1 antibody-mediated apoptosis of cultured human glioma cells. Induction and modulation of sensitivity by cytokines.

1994 • 361 citations

Anti-transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta antibodies inhibit breast cancer cell tumorigenicity and increase mouse spleen natural killer cell activity. Implications for a possible role of tumor cell/host TGF-beta interactions in human breast cancer progression.

1993 • 356 citations

Activation of cyclin A-dependent protein kinases during apoptosis.

1994 • 352 citations

T cell suppressor factor from human glioblastoma cells is a 12.5-kd protein closely related to transforming growth factor-beta.

1987 • 337 citations

Treatment and Prevention of Rat Glioblastoma by Immunogenic C6 Cells Expressing Antisense Insulin-Like Growth Factor I RNA

1993 • 328 citations

The Binding and Lysis of Target Cells by Cytotoxic Lymphocytes: Molecular and Cellular Aspects

1994 • 312 citations

Rat glioblastoma cells expressing an antisense RNA to the insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptor are nontumorigenic and induce regression of wild-type tumors.

1994 • 310 citations

Apoptosis of T lymphocytes in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis. Evidence for programmed cell death as a mechanism to control inflammation in the brain.

1993 • 305 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta suppresses activation and proliferation of microglia in vitro.

1993 • 303 citations

Development of anti-tumor immunity following thymidine kinase-mediated killing of experimental brain tumors.

1994 • 302 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 modulates the expression of class II histocompatibility antigens on human cells.

1988 • 298 citations

Inactivation of a Cdk2 inhibitor during interleukin 2-induced proliferation of human T lymphocytes.

1994 • 289 citations

Gene expression of fibroblast growth factors in human gliomas and meningiomas: demonstration of cellular source of basic fibroblast growth factor mRNA and peptide in tumor tissues.

1990 • 279 citations

Coordinated regulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation by transforming growth factor beta 1 in cultured uterine epithelial cells.

1991 • 279 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta-induced inhibition of T cell function. Susceptibility difference in T cells of various phenotypes and functions and its relevance to immunosuppression in the tumor-bearing state.

1991 • 266 citations

Dendritic cells as initiators of tumor immune responses: a possible strategy for tumor immunotherapy?

1995 • 264 citations

Anti-Fas on nonhematopoietic tumors: levels of Fas/APO-1 and bcl-2 are not predictive of biological responsiveness.

1994 • 262 citations

Protooncogene bcl-2 gene transfer abrogates Fas/APO-1 antibody-mediated apoptosis of human malignant glioma cells and confers resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and therapeutic irradiation.

1995 • 258 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta and IL-4 cause helper T cell precursors to develop into distinct effector helper cells that differ in lymphokine secretion pattern and cell surface phenotype.

1991 • 254 citations

Intratumoral LAK cell and interleukin-2 therapy of human gliomas

1989 • 252 citations

Cytokine gene transfer in tumor inhibition and tumor therapy: where are we now?

1994 • 245 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 overproduction in prostate cancer: effects on growth in vivo and in vitro.

1992 • 242 citations

Modulation of T-cell function by gliomas

1991 • 241 citations

Preliminary trial of specific targeting therapy against malignant glioma

1990 • 241 citations

Monoclonal antibody analysis of MHC expression in human brain biopsies: tissue ranging from "histologically normal" to that showing different levels of glial tumor involvement.

1986 • 230 citations

Gamma-interferon promotes proliferation of adult human astrocytes in vitro and reactive gliosis in the adult mouse brain in vivo.

1991 • 217 citations

TGF-beta 1 and cyclic AMP promote apoptosis in resting human B lymphocytes.

1995 • 209 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 inhibition of p34cdc2 phosphorylation and histone H1 kinase activity is associated with G1/S-phase growth arrest.

1991 • 203 citations

Fas antigen and p55 TNF receptor signal apoptosis through distinct pathways.

1994 • 198 citations

Hematopoietic cytokines inhibit apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 and cancer chemotherapy compounds in myeloid leukemic cells

1992 • 195 citations

Immunohistological study of mononuclear cell infiltrate in malignant gliomas

1987 • 192 citations

In vitro apoptosis in the human hepatoma cell line induced by transforming growth factor beta 1.

1992 • 190 citations

TGF-beta 1 is an autocrine-negative growth regulator of human colon carcinoma FET cells in vivo as revealed by transfection of an antisense expression vector.

1992 • 182 citations

The novel primary response gene MyD118 and the proto-oncogenes myb, myc, and bcl-2 modulate transforming growth factor beta 1-induced apoptosis of myeloid leukemia cells.

1994 • 182 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1, -beta 2, and -beta 3 secreted by a human glioblastoma cell line. Identification of small and different forms of large latent complexes.

1992 • 181 citations

Loss of tumorigenicity of rat glioblastoma directed by episome-based antisense cDNA transcription of insulin-like growth factor I.

1992 • 180 citations

Transforming growth factor-β 1 as a signal for induction of cell death by apoptosis

1993 • 173 citations

Studies on the mechanisms by which transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) protects against allergic encephalomyelitis. Antagonism between TGF-beta and tumor necrosis factor.

1993 • 170 citations

The autocrine production of transforming growth factor-beta 1 during lymphocyte activation. A study with a monoclonal antibody-based ELISA.

1990 • 169 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) and recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-alpha reciprocally regulate the generation of lymphokine-activated killer cell activity. Comparison between natural porcine platelet-derived TGF-beta 1 and TGF-beta 2, and recombinant human TGF-beta 1.

1988 • 168 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta inhibits the generation of cytotoxic T cells in virus-infected mice.

1989 • 164 citations

Regulatory effects of transforming growth factor-beta on IL-2- and IL-4-dependent T cell-cycle progression.

1990 • 159 citations

Regulation of lymphokine-activated killer activity and pore-forming protein gene expression in human peripheral blood CD8+ T lymphocytes. Inhibition by transforming growth factor-beta.

1991 • 156 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta inhibits the in vitro generation of lymphokine-activated killer cells and cytotoxic T cells

1988 • 155 citations

Altered metabolic and adhesive properties and increased tumorigenesis associated with increased expression of transforming growth factor beta 1.

1992 • 155 citations

Inhibition of lymphocyte function by glioblastoma-derived transforming growth factor β2

1989 • 153 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 induces apoptotic cell death in cultured human gastric carcinoma cells.

1992 • 152 citations

Transforming growth factor beta abrogates the effects of hematopoietins on eosinophils and induces their apoptosis.

1994 • 151 citations

Control of human glioma cell growth, migration and invasion in vitro by transforming growth factor β1

1994 • 150 citations

Treatment of glioma by engineered interleukin 4-secreting cells.

1993 • 149 citations

Transforming Growth Factor β and Cyclosporin A Inhibit the Inducible Activity of the Interleukin-2 Gene in T Cells Through a Noncanonical Octamer-Binding Site

1993 • 148 citations

Excessive production of transforming growth-factor β1 can play an important role in the development of tumorigenesis by its action for angiogenesis: validity of neutralizing antibodies to block tumor growth

1992 • 147 citations

Hematopoietic cytokines inhibit apoptosis induced by transforming growth factor beta 1 and cancer chemotherapy compounds in myeloid leukemic cells

1992 • 145 citations

The effect of transforming growth factor-β2-specific phosphorothioate-anti-sense oligodeoxynucleotides in reversing cellular immunosuppression in malignant glioma

1993 • 142 citations

Immunoregulatory role of transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) in development of killer cells: comparison of active and latent TGF-beta 1.

1990 • 139 citations

Effect of transforming growth factor-beta on early and late activation events in human T cells.

1993 • 137 citations

Evidence of endogenous regulatory function of transforming growth factor-β1 in experimental allergic encephalomyelitis

1992 • 134 citations

Interleukin-2 or autologous lymphokine-activated killer cell treatment of malignant glioma: phase I trial.

1986 • 132 citations

Immunotoxins and central nervous system neoplasia

1992 • 132 citations

Cytokine-regulated adhesion between encephalitogenic T lymphocytes and cerebrovascular endothelial cells

1993 • 131 citations

Cancer vaccines

1993 • 129 citations

Fas/APO-1 gene transfer for human malignant glioma.

1995 • 127 citations

Expression of HLA‐DR and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigens on glioma cells

1982 • 127 citations

In situ characterization, clonogenic potential, and antitumor cytolytic activity of T lymphocytes infiltrating human brain cancers

1988 • 126 citations

Inhibition of tumor-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses by transforming growth factor beta 1.

1992 • 124 citations

Astrocyte-derived TGF-beta 2 and NGF differentially regulate neural recognition molecule expression by cultured astrocytes.

1991 • 123 citations

The glioblastoma‐derived t cell suppressor factor/ transforming growth factor‐β2 inhibits t cell growth without affecting the interaction of interleukin 2 with its receptor

1988 • 123 citations

Endothelial cell adhesiveness for human T lymphocytes is inhibited by transforming growth factor-beta 1.

1991 • 122 citations

Functional and molecular characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes transduced with tumor necrosis factor-alpha cDNA for the gene therapy of cancer in humans.

1993 • 120 citations

Effects of transforming growth factor-beta on human lymphokine-activated killer cell precursors. Autocrine inhibition of cellular proliferation and differentiation to immune killer cells.

1988 • 117 citations

Transforming growth factor‐β2 induces apoptosis of murine T cell clones without down‐regulating bcl‐2 mRNA expression

1994 • 114 citations

Analysis of cytokine receptor messenger RNA expression in human glioblastoma cells and normal astrocytes by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction

1994 • 114 citations

Increased transforming growth factor beta expression inhibits cell proliferation in vitro, yet increases tumorigenicity and tumor growth of Meth A sarcoma cells.

1993 • 113 citations

Transforming growth factor beta and cyclosporin A inhibit the inducible activity of the interleukin-2 gene in T cells through a noncanonical octamer-binding site.

1993 • 112 citations

Vaccinations with tumor cells genetically engineered to produce different cytokines: effectivity not superior to a classical adjuvant.

1993 • 110 citations

Transforming growth factor‐β2 down‐regulates HLA‐DR antigen expression on human malignant glioma cells.

1988 • 110 citations

Effect of the expression of transforming growth factor-β2 in primary human glioblastomas on immunosuppression and loss of immune surveillance

1992 • 109 citations

Immunocytochemical study of transforming growth factor expression in benign and malignant gliomas.

1989 • 108 citations

Long-term follow-up of patients with recurrent malignant gliomas treated with adjuvant adoptive immunotherapy

1991 • 108 citations

TGFβ₁ and TGFβ₂ are potential growth regulators for low‐grade and malignant gliomas in vitro: Evidence in support of an autocrine hypothesis

1991 • 107 citations

Human astrocytes are only partially competent antigen presenting cells

1994 • 106 citations

Prostaglandin and thromboxane synthesis by human intracranial tumors.

1989 • 101 citations

Transforming growth factors type β1 and β2 suppress rat astrocyte autoantigen presentation and antagonize hyperinduction of class II major histocompatibility complex antigen expression by interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α

1990 • 99 citations

Autocrine and paracrine regulation of astrocyte function by transforming growth factor-β

1992 • 96 citations

Intralesional Infusion of Lymphokine-activated Killer (LAK) Cells and Recombinant Interleukin-2 (rIL-2) for the Treatment of Patients with Malignant Brain Tumor

1988 • 93 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 overproduction in prostate cancer: effects on growth in vivo and in vitro

1992 • 91 citations

Inflammatory leukocytes associated with increased immunosuppression by glioblastoma

1992 • 88 citations

In vivo transfer of the human interleukin-2 gene: negative tumoricidal results in experimental brain tumors

1994 • 87 citations

Cytokines and immunoregulatory molecules in malignant glial neoplasms

1992 • 86 citations

Protease inhibitors interfere with the transforming growth factor-beta-dependent but not the transforming growth factor-beta-independent pathway of tumor cell-mediated immunosuppression.

1992 • 85 citations

Effects of Transforming Growth Factor β1 on Astroglial Cells in Culture

1990 • 85 citations

TGF-beta 1 is a potent inducer of human effector T cells.

1994 • 85 citations

Transforming growth factors β1 and β2: cytokines with identical immunosuppressive effects and a potential role in the regulation of autoimmune T cell function

1989 • 84 citations

Immunotherapy for malignant glioma using human recombinant interleukin-2 and activated autologous lymphocytes

1990 • 80 citations

Immunohistological and functional analyses of lymphoid infiltrates in human glioblastomas.

1988 • 76 citations

Mechanistic studies of transforming growth factor-beta inhibition of IL-2-dependent activation of CD3- large granular lymphocyte functions. Regulation of IL-2R beta (p75) signal transduction.

1991 • 75 citations

Randomised, controlled study of intratumoral recombinant γ-interferon treatment in newly diagnosed glioblastoma

1994 • 73 citations

Interleukin-2-transduced lymphocytes grow in an autocrine fashion and remain responsive to antigen

1995 • 72 citations

Response of glioma cells to interferon‐gamma: increase in class II RNA, protein and mixed lymphocyte reaction‐stimulating ability

1985 • 70 citations

Release from G1 growth arrest by transforming growth factor beta 1 requires cellular ras activity.

1993 • 69 citations

Establishment of interleukin 2 dependent cytotoxic T lymphocyte cell line specific for autologous brain tumor and its intracranial administration for therapy of the tumor

1987 • 69 citations

Loco-regional immunotherapy with recombinant interleukin-2 and adherent lymphokine-activated killer cells (A-LAK) in recurrent glioblastoma patients

1994 • 67 citations

Influence of PGE2- and cAMP-modulating agents on human glioblastoma cell killing by interleukin-2-activated lymphocytes

1990 • 66 citations

Inhibition of interferon-gamma-induced major histocompatibility complex class II gene transcription by interferon-beta and type beta 1 transforming growth factor in human astrocytoma cells. Definition of cis-element.

1993 • 64 citations

Factors, including transforming growth factor β, released in the glioblastoma residual cavity, impair activity of adherent lymphokine-activated killer cells

1993 • 64 citations

Co-stimulation of T cell proliferation by transforming growth factor-beta 1.

1991 • 62 citations

Inability of mitogen-activated lymphocytes obtained from patients with malignant primary intracranial tumors to express high affinity interleukin 2 receptors.

1990 • 61 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta modulates T cell-mediated encephalitis caused by Borna disease virus. Pathogenic importance of CD8+ cells and suppression of antibody formation.

1991 • 61 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta prevents stem cell factor-mediated rescue of mast cells from apoptosis after IL-3 deprivation.

1994 • 60 citations

Evidence That TGF-β Can Inhibit Human T-Lymphocyte Proliferation through Paracrine and Autocrine Mechanisms

1993 • 60 citations

Partial purification and biochemical characterization of a T cell suppressor factor produced by human glioblastoma cells.

1985 • 59 citations

Systemic gamma-interferon therapy for recurrent gliomas

1988 • 58 citations

TGF-Beta inhibits the in vitro induction of lymphokine-activated killing activity

1988 • 58 citations

Clinical effect of intra-arterial tumor necrosis factor-α for malignant glioma

1992 • 57 citations

Malignant glioma modulation of immune function: relative contribution of different soluble factors

1991 • 57 citations

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) production by glioblastoma cells. Despite the presence of inducing signals GM-CSF is not expressed in vivo.

1992 • 57 citations

Effects of γ-interferon on major histocompatibility complex antigen expression and lymphocytic infiltration in the 9L gliosarcoma brain tumor model: implications for strategies of immunotherapy

1992 • 56 citations

Effects of transforming growth factor beta 1 on growth and apoptosis of human acute myelogenous leukemia cells.

1993 • 56 citations

The effect of irradiation on expression of HLA class I antigens in human brain tumors in culture

1994 • 56 citations

T-cell based cancer immunotherapy: direct or redirected tumor-cell recognition?

1994 • 56 citations

Comparison of the immunosuppressive properties of milk growth factor and transforming growth factors beta 1 and beta 2.

1989 • 54 citations

Expression of platelet-derived growth factors, transforming growth factors, and the ros gene in a variety of primary human brain tumors

1991 • 54 citations

Antitumor activity and surface phenotypes of human glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes after in vitro expansion in the presence of interleukin 2.

1989 • 54 citations

Brain Tumor Working Group Report on the 9th International Conference on Brain Tumor Research and Therapy

1993 • 54 citations

Treatment of murine primary brain tumors with systemic interleukin-2 and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

1992 • 51 citations

Immunomodulatory effects of transforming growth factor-beta on T lymphocytes. Induction of CD8 expression in the CTLL-2 cell line and in normal thymocytes.

1992 • 47 citations

Inhibition of cell growth by TGF beta 1 is associated with inhibition of B-myb and cyclin A in both BALB/MK and Mv1Lu cells.

1994 • 47 citations

Transforming Growth Factor‐β CD4⁺ T cells Tumor‐bearing state Immunosuppression Enhanced Production of TGF‐β and a Progressive Increase in TGF‐β Susceptibility of Anti‐tumor CD4⁺ T Cell Function

1993 • 45 citations

Analysis of interleukin 2 and various effector cell populations in adoptive immunotherapy of 9L rat gliosarcoma: allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes prevent tumor take.

1990 • 45 citations

In vitro analysis of the proliferative potential of T cells from patients with brain tumor: glioma-associated immunosuppression unrelated to intrinsic cellular defect

1992 • 44 citations

Cytokine gene expression in primary brain tumours, metastases and meningiomas suggests specific transcription patterns

1993 • 43 citations

Human glioblastoma cell derived transforming growth factor-β2: evidence for secretion of both high and low molecular weight biologically active forms

1991 • 43 citations

Isolation and in vitro growth of glioma-infiltrating lymphocytes, and an analysis of their surface phenotypes

1988 • 41 citations

Suppression of high affinity IL-2 receptors on mitogen activated lymphocytes by glioma-derived suppressor factor

1992 • 41 citations

Therapy of recurrent high grade gliomas with surgery, and autologous mitogen activated IL-2 stimulated killer (MAK) Lymphocytes: I. Enhancement of MAK lytic activity and cytokine production by PHA and clinical use of PHA

1993 • 40 citations

Increased expression of genes from growth factor signaling pathways in glioblastoma cell lines.

1992 • 40 citations

Immunotherapy for malignant glioma

2015 • 39 citations

Immunotherapy of malignant gliomas.

1994 • 38 citations

Cell mediated cytotoxicity and cytokine production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of glioma patients

1991 • 38 citations

Particular types of tumor cells have the capacity to convert transforming growth factor beta from a latent to an active form.

1992 • 36 citations

TGF-beta mediates natural suppressor activity of IL-2-activated lymphocytes.

1994 • 34 citations

Generation of Cytotoxic Immune Responses against a Rat Glioma by in Vivo Priming and Secondary in Vitro Stimulation with Tumor Cells

1992 • 34 citations

Expression of platelet-derived growth factor and transforming growth factor and their correlation with cellular morphology in glial tumors

1991 • 34 citations

Intracranial administrations of single or multiple source allogeneic cytotoxic T lymphocytes: chronic therapy for primary brain tumors

1994 • 33 citations

Phenotyping of 60 cultured human gliomas and 34 other neuroectodermal tumors by means of monoclonal antibodies against glioma, melanoma and HLA-DR antigens

1985 • 32 citations

Activation and adhesion molecule expression on lymphoid infiltrates in human glioblastomas

1990 • 32 citations

Cellular and cytokine responses of the human central nervous system to intracranial administration of tumor necrosis factor α for the treatment of malignant gliomas

1993 • 32 citations

Generation of cytotoxic immune responses during the progression of a rat glioma

1994 • 32 citations

Detection of Active Form of Transforming Growth Factor‐β in Cerebrospinal Fluid of Patients with Glioma

1993 • 31 citations

The effects of type beta transforming growth factor on proliferation and epidermal growth factor receptor expression in a human glioblastoma cell line

1988 • 31 citations

Distribution of transforming growth factor-β1 in human astrocytomas

1992 • 31 citations

Salvage Immunotherapy of Malignant Glioma

1987 • 31 citations

Effects of type beta transforming growth factor in combination with retinoic acid or tumor necrosis factor on proliferation of a human glioblastoma cell line and clonogenic cells from freshly resected human brain tumors

1988 • 30 citations

Transforming growth factor-β-like activity in tumors of the central nervous system

1988 • 30 citations

Coexpression of Interleukin-1β and Interleukin-6 in Human Brain Tumors

1994 • 30 citations

Treatment of experimental glioblastoma with a human major histocompatibility complex nonrestricted cytotoxic T cell line.

1995 • 30 citations

T Cell Apoptosis Induced by Interleukin-2 Deprivation or Transforming Growth Factor-β2: Modulation by the Phosphatase Inhibitors Okadaic Acid and Calyculin A

1995 • 29 citations

Systemic chemotherapy combined with local adoptive immunotherapy cures rats bearing 9L gliosarcoma

1993 • 29 citations

Cytokine gene expression on glioma cell lines and specimens

1994 • 29 citations

Suppression of lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cell induction mediated by interleukin-4 and transforming growth factor-β1: effect of addition of exogenous tumour necrosis factor-alpha and interferon-gamma, and measurement of their endogenous production

1990 • 29 citations

Intratumoural injection of autologous lymphocytes plus human lymphoblastoid interferon for the treatment of glioblastoma

1989 • 28 citations

Transforming growth factor-? blocks proliferation but not early mitogenic signaling events in T-lymphocytes

1989 • 28 citations

Treatment of established lung metastases with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes derived from a poorly immunogenic tumor engineered to secrete human TNF-alpha.

1994 • 28 citations

Specific cytotoxic activity of T lymphocyte clones derived from a patient with gliosarcoma

1988 • 26 citations

Transfection of Transforming Growth Factor-β Producing Tumor EMT6 with Interleukin-2 Elicits Tumor Rejection and Tumor Reactive Cytotoxic T-Lymphocytes

1994 • 26 citations

Spontaneous multidrug transport in human glioma cells is regulated by transforming growth factors type ?

1991 • 26 citations

Generation of lymphokine-activated killer activity in T cells. Possible regulatory circuits.

1991 • 26 citations

Liposomal transfection of human γ-interferon gene into human glioma cells and adoptive immunotherapy using lymphokine-activated killer cells

1994 • 23 citations

Corticosteroids inhibit the generation of lymphokine-activated killer activity in vitro

1989 • 23 citations

Morphology of Interleukin-2-Stimulated Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Effector Cells Killing Glioma-Derived Tumor Cells In Vitro

1988 • 22 citations

Successful Adoptive Immunotherapy with Lymphokine-activated Killer Cells in the Treatment of Medulloblastoma Disseminated via Cerebrospinal Fluid

1994 • 21 citations

Modulation of Proliferation and Antigen Expression of a Cloned Human Glioblastoma by Interleukin-4 Alone and in Combination with Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and/or Interferon-γ

1993 • 21 citations

Migration of activated lymphocytes when adoptively transferred into cannulated rat brain

1994 • 20 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-resistant helper T lymphocyte clones show a concomitant loss of all three types of TGF-beta receptors.

1991 • 20 citations

Activation of human platelet-derived latent transforming growth factor-β1 by human glioblastoma cells. Comparison with proteolytic and glycosidic enzymes

1991 • 20 citations

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)-mediated immunosuppression in the tumor-bearing state : enhanced production of TGF-β and a progressive increase in TGF-β susceptibility of anti-tumor CD4[+] T cell function

1993 • 20 citations

Overexpression of c-K-ras, c-N-ras and transforming growth factor β co-segregate with tumorigenicity in morphologically transformed C3H 10T1/2 cell lines

1994 • 20 citations

Tumor‐derived transforming growth factor‐β1 and interleukin‐6 are chemotactic for lymphokine‐activated killer cells

1994 • 19 citations

Modulation of human leukocyte antigenDR expression in glioblastoma cells by interferon gamma and other cytokines

1991 • 19 citations

Decreased susceptibility of lined human gliosarcoma cells to lymphokine-activated killer cell cytolysis by gamma-interferon treatment.

1990 • 18 citations

The cellular immunotherapy of primary brain tumors.

1992 • 17 citations

Improvement of Macrophage Dysfunction by Administration of Anti‐transforming Growth Factor‐β Antibody in EL4‐bearing Hosts

1994 • 17 citations

Monocyte tumoricidal activity and tumor necrosis factor production in patients with malignant brain tumors

1991 • 17 citations

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β like activity of intracranial meningioma and its effect on cell growth

1991 • 17 citations

Tumour necrosis factor-α induces an increase in susceptibility of human glioblastoma U87-MG cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis

1994 • 17 citations

Inhibition of basal and tumor necrosis factor-enhanced binding of murine tumor cells to murine endothelium by transforming growth factor-beta 1.

1992 • 16 citations

Growth inhibition of subcutaneously transplanted human glioma by transfection-induced tumor necrosis factor-? and augmentation of the effect by ?-interferon

1994 • 16 citations

Comparison of in vitro glioma cell cytotoxicity of LAK cells from glioma patients and healthy subjects

1988 • 15 citations

In vitro studies of cytokine-mediated interactions between malignant glioma and autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells

1994 • 15 citations

Shared amino acid sequences in the NDβN and Nα regions of the T cell receptors of tumor‐infiltrating lymphocytes within malignant glioma

1994 • 14 citations

Immunological resistance to L1210 leukemia induced by viable L1210/DTIC cells

1980 • 14 citations

Immunoregulatory effects of interleukin 2 and interferon on syngeneic murine malignant glioma-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocytes.

1988 • 13 citations

Immunohistochemical Detection and Correlation Between MHC Antigen and Cell-mediated Immune System in Recurrent Glioma by APAAP Method

1990 • 13 citations

Susceptibility and resistance of human autoimmune T cell activation to the immunoregulatory effects of transforming growth factor (TGF) β1, β2 and β1.2

1990 • 13 citations

Transforming growth factors β1 and β2 as well as milk growth factor decrease anti‐CD3‐induced proliferation of human lymphocytes without inhibiting the anti‐CD3‐mediated increase of [Ca²⁺]_i and the activation of protein kinase C

1989 • 13 citations

Inhibition of Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α and β Secretion by Lymphokine Activated Killer Cells by Transforming Growth Factor‐β

1994 • 12 citations

Generation of stimulated, lymphokine activated T killer (T-LAK) cells from the peripheral blood of normal donors and adult patients with recurrent glioblastoma

1991 • 12 citations

Reinforced cytotoxicity of lymphokine-activated killer cells toward glioma cells by transfection with the tumor necrosis factor-α gene

1993 • 12 citations

In vivo immunization against autologous glioblastoma-associated antigens

1985 • 12 citations

Skewed distribution of TCR Vα 7-bearing T cells within tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes of HLA-A24(9)-positive patients with malignant glioma

1993 • 11 citations

Enhanced Interleukin-1β Release and Longevity of Glioma-associated Peripheral Blood Monocytes in Vitro

1994 • 11 citations

Establishment of a human glioma cell line bearing a homogeneously staining chromosomal region and releasing ?- and ?-type transforming growth factors

1989 • 10 citations

Effect of Transforming Growth Factor Beta on the EL4 Thymoma Variant EL4/6.1: Dissociation of Inhibition of Proliferation from Expression of IL-1 and IL-2 Receptors

1990 • 10 citations

T-cell receptor V-gene usage in neoplasms of the central nervous system

1993 • 9 citations

Generation of cellular immune responses against a glioma-associated antigens(s)

1993 • 9 citations

Sensitivity of human glioma and brain cells to natural killer cell lysis

1992 • 9 citations

Analysis of mixed lymphocyte-tumor culture in patients with malignant brain tumor

1989 • 8 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta 1 down-regulates expression of membrane-associated lymphotoxin and secretion of soluble lymphotoxin by human lymphokine-activated killer T cells in vitro.

1992 • 7 citations

Transfection‐induced Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Increases the Susceptibility of Human Glioma Cells to Lysis by Lymphokine‐activated Killer Cells: Continuous Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule‐1 on the Glioma Cells

1994 • 7 citations

Interferon-γ Induces a Decrease in the Susceptibility of Human Glioma Cells to Lysis by Lymphokine-activated Killer Cells

1994 • 7 citations

In vivo regulation of transforming growth factor ?1 transcription by immunotherapy: interleukin-2 impairs interferon-?-stimulated increase in steady-state mRNA levels of transforming growth factor ?1

1994 • 7 citations

Cytological Characteristics of Human Glioma‐infiltrating Lymphocytes Stimulated with Recombinant Interleukin 2 and an Anti‐CD3 Antibody

1991 • 6 citations

Expression of MHC Class II Antigens on Human Glioma Cells Modulated by Transfection with Genes Encoding These Antigens

1991 • 6 citations

Interleukin-4 Affects Phenotype and Proliferative Response of Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes from Glioblastoma Patients After Specific or Nonspecific In Vitro Stimulation

1994 • 4 citations

T Cell-mediated Cytotoxicity of Human Gliomas

1994 • 4 citations