Physiological and pathological roles of interleukin-6 in the central nervous system

Glutamate neurotoxicity and diseases of the nervous system

1988 • 7,257 citations

Structural design and molecular evolution of a cytokine receptor superfamily.

1990 • 2,104 citations

Interleukin-6: An Overview

1990 • 1,910 citations

Perivascular Microglial Cells of the CNS Are Bone Marrow-Derived and Present Antigen in Vivo

1988 • 1,451 citations

Molecular profile of reactive astrocytes—Implications for their role in neurologic disease

1993 • 1,436 citations

Interleukin-6 triggers the association of its receptor with a possible signal transducer, gp130

1989 • 1,411 citations

Cytokine signal transduction

1994 • 1,358 citations

Interleukin-6 family of cytokines and gp130

1995 • 1,314 citations

Molecular cloning and expression of an IL-6 signal transducer, gp130

1990 • 1,307 citations

Biology of multifunctional cytokines: IL 6 and related molecules (IL 1 and TNF)

1990 • 1,307 citations

Characterization of ameboid microglia isolated from developing mammalian brain

1986 • 1,287 citations

Interleukin-1 and Its Biologically Related Cytokines

1989 • 1,180 citations

Microglia: Intrinsic immuneffector cell of the brain

1995 • 1,099 citations

Cloning and Expression of the Human Interleukin-6 (BSF-2/IFNβ 2) Receptor

1988 • 1,063 citations

Neurologic disease induced in transgenic mice by cerebral overexpression of interleukin 6.

1993 • 1,009 citations

Choice of STATs and Other Substrates Specified by Modular Tyrosine-Based Motifs in Cytokine Receptors

1995 • 992 citations

Association and Activation of Jak-Tyk Kinases by CNTF-LIF-OSM-IL-6 β Receptor Components

1994 • 972 citations

Corticotropin releasing activity of the new CRF is potentiated several times by vasopressin

1982 • 958 citations

Interleukin-6 and Its Receptor: A Paradigm for Cytokines

1992 • 889 citations

Cytokine production by human fetal microglia and astrocytes. Differential induction by lipopolysaccharide and IL-1 beta.

1993 • 789 citations

Interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, epidermal growth factor and transforming growth factor-α are elevated in the brain from parkinsonian patients

1994 • 788 citations

Production of tumor necrosis factor and other cytokines by astrocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or a neurotropic virus.

1989 • 785 citations

Soluble receptors for cytokines and growth factors: generation and biological function

1994 • 766 citations

Cytokines and the nervous system I: expression and recognition

1995 • 745 citations

IL-6-Induced Homodimerization of gp130 and Associated Activation of a Tyrosine Kinase

1993 • 730 citations

Cytokine Signaling Through Nonreceptor Protein Tyrosine Kinases

1995 • 713 citations

Multiple extracellular signals are required for long-term oligodendrocyte survival

1993 • 707 citations

On the cellular source and function of interleukin 6 produced in the central nervous system in viral diseases

1989 • 692 citations

Purification to homogeneity and characterization of human B-cell differentiation factor (BCDF or BSFp-2).

1985 • 679 citations

Inflammatory cytokines within the central nervous system: sources, function, and mechanism of action

1992 • 614 citations

Cytokine Receptors and Signal Transduction

1992 • 607 citations

Infection and labor

1989 • 600 citations

Detection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 in adult rat brain, following mechanical injury, by in vivo microdialysis: evidence of a role for microglia in cytokine production

1991 • 579 citations

Recombinant interleukin-6 activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in humans.

1993 • 555 citations

IL‐6 and NF‐IL6 in Acute‐Phase Response and Viral Infection

1992 • 540 citations

Increase in IL-6, IL-1 and TNF levels in rat brain following traumatic lesion

1993 • 517 citations

Structure and expression of human B cell stimulatory factor-2 (BSF-2/IL-6) gene.

1987 • 509 citations

Excitotoxicity and the NMDA receptor -- still lethal after eight years

1995 • 504 citations

Interleukin‐6 and α‐2‐macroglobulin indicate an acute‐phase state in Alzheimer's disease cortices

1991 • 484 citations

Ameboid microglia as effectors of inflammation in the central nervous system

1987 • 477 citations

Local production of tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 1, and interleukin 6 in meningococcal meningitis. Relation to the inflammatory response.

1989 • 461 citations

Brain macrophages: evaluation of microglia and their functions

1992 • 443 citations

Cytokine-specific central monoamine alterations induced by interleukin-1, -2 and -6

1994 • 436 citations

Interleukin-6 stimulates the secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone in conscious, freely-moving rats

1988 • 428 citations

Function of Ras as a molecular switch in signal transduction.

1992 • 425 citations

The alphas, betas, and kinases of cytokine receptor complexes

1993 • 418 citations

Induction of Neuronal Differentiation in PC12 Cells by B-Cell Stimulatory Factor 2/Interleukin 6

1988 • 402 citations

Production of hemolymphopoietic cytokines (IL-6, IL-8, colony-stimulating factors) by normal human astrocytes in response to IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

1992 • 402 citations

Macrophages and inflammation in the central nervous system

1993 • 390 citations

Isolation of an mRNA encoding a soluble form of the human interleukin-6 receptor

1992 • 388 citations

Early Intrathecal Production of Interleukin-6 Predicts the Size of Brain Lesion in Stroke

1995 • 375 citations

Progressive decline in avoidance learning paralleled by inflammatory neurodegeneration in transgenic mice expressing interleukin 6 in the brain

1997 • 374 citations

Monokine production by microglial cell clones

1989 • 366 citations

Interleukin (IL)-6 gene expression in the central nervous system is necessary for fever response to lipopolysaccharide or IL-1 beta: a study on IL-6-deficient mice.

1996 • 346 citations

Transactivation by NF-IL6/LAP is enhanced by phosphorylation of its activation domain

1993 • 345 citations

Changes in Blood Hormone Levels during the Immune Response

1975 • 342 citations

Systemic administration of interleukin-1 induces preterm parturition in mice

1991 • 333 citations

Review: cytokines and the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis

1996 • 331 citations

Interleukins-1 and -6 Stimulate the Release of Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone-41 from Rat Hypothalamusin Vitrovia the Eicosanoid Cyclooxygenase Pathway*

1991 • 331 citations

Effects of kainic acid on messenger RNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα and LIF in the rat brain

1991 • 330 citations

Cellular Localization of Interleukin 6 mRNA and Interleukin 6 Receptor mRNA in Rat Brain

1993 • 329 citations

Detection of interleukin-6 and alpha 2-macroglobulin immunoreactivity in cortex and hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease patients.

1992 • 329 citations

INTERLEUKIN-6 STIMULATES ANTERIOR PITUITARY HORMONE RELEASEIN VITRO.

1989 • 323 citations

Induction of IL-6 (B cell stimulatory factor-2/IFN-beta 2) production by HIV.

1989 • 314 citations

Induction and regulation of interleukin-6 gene expression in rat astrocytes

1990 • 314 citations

Interleukin-6 improves the survival of mesencephalic catecholaminergic and septal cholinergic neurons from postnatal, two-week-old rats in cultures

1991 • 304 citations

Activation of JAK2 kinase mediated by the interleukin 6 signal transducer gp130.

1994 • 304 citations

Induction of neuronal differentiation in PC12 cells by B-cell stimulatory factor 2/interleukin 6.

1988 • 295 citations

Gene expression and function of interleukin I, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor in the brain

1994 • 288 citations

Lymphocytic Infiltration and Expression of Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 in Photochemically Induced Ischemia of the Rat Cortex

1995 • 286 citations

Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease

1994 • 285 citations

INTRATHECAL AND SERUM INTERLEUKIN-6 AND THE ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES

1995 • 274 citations

Microglia in human disease, with an emphasis on acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

1991 • 273 citations

Production of Interleukin-6 by Folliculo-Stellate Cells of the Anterior Pituitary Gland in a Histiotypic Cell Aggregate Culture System

1989 • 272 citations

Elevated levels of interleukin‐6 in cerebrospinal fluid from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and central nervous system invol vement

1990 • 272 citations

The origin of the vasopressinergic and oxytocinergic fibres of the external region of the median eminence of the rat hypophysis

1977 • 270 citations

Cytokine receptors and signal transduction

1992 • 269 citations

Is amyloidogenesis during Alzheimer's disease due to an IL-1-/IL-6-mediated ‘acute phase response’ in the brain?

1991 • 267 citations

Early increases in TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β levels following transient cerebral ischemia in gerbil brain

1996 • 262 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection of the central nervous system: an evaluation of cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid

1989 • 259 citations

Cytokine Receptors and Signal Transduction

1997 • 259 citations

Endocrinologic and metabolic effects of interleukin-6 in humans

1995 • 254 citations

Interleukin-6 as a neurotrophic factor for promoting the survival of cultured basal forebrain cholinergic neurons from postnatal rats

1989 • 252 citations

Production of B cell stimulatory factor-2 and interferon gamma in the central nervous system during viral meningitis and encephalitis. Evaluation in a murine model infection and in patients.

1988 • 246 citations

Multiple forms of IFN-beta 2/IL-6 in serum and body fluids during acute bacterial infection.

1989 • 244 citations

Cytokine indices in Alzheimer's temporal cortex: no changes in mature IL-1β or IL-1RA but increases in the associated acute phase proteins IL-6, α2-macroglobulin and C-reactive protein

1993 • 243 citations

Complement and cytokine gene expression in cultured microglia derived from postmortem human brains

1995 • 243 citations

Reactive Gliosis as a Consequence of Interleukin-6 Expression in the Brain: Studies in Transgenic Mice

1994 • 242 citations

Synergistic roles of interleukin-6, interleukin-1, and tumor necrosis factor in the adrenocorticotropin response to bacterial lipopolysaccharide in vivo.

1993 • 237 citations

Interleukin-6 released in human cerebrospinal fluid following traumatic brain injury may trigger nerve growth factor production in astrocytes

1996 • 231 citations

Role of interleukin 6 in fever in rats

1990 • 231 citations

Elevated levels of the 26K human hybridoma growth factor (interleukin 6) in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with acute infection of the central nervous system.

1988 • 229 citations

The role of charged amino acids in the localization of secreted and membrane proteins

1990 • 219 citations

Quantitation of human immunodeficiency virus, immune activation factors, and quinolinic acid in AIDS brains.

1993 • 205 citations

Interleukin-6 is present in early stages of plaque formation and is restricted to the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients

1995 • 204 citations

Product ion of the cytokines interleukin 1 and 6 by murine brain microvessel endothelium and smooth muscle pericytes

1993 • 204 citations

Evolution of Neuropathologic Abnormalities Associated with Blood-Brain Barrier Breakdown in Transgenic Mice Expressing lnterleukin-6 in Astrocytes

1995 • 201 citations

Increased interleukin-6 levels in cerebrospinal fluid following subarachnoid hemorrhage

1993 • 199 citations

In vitro production of IL-6, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha by human embryonic microglial and neural cells.

1993 • 195 citations

Localization of interleukin 6 mRNA and interleukin 6 receptor mRNA in rat brain

1992 • 195 citations

Magnocellular axons in passage through the median eminence release vasopressin

1986 • 194 citations

Hypoxia/reoxygenation-mediated induction of astrocyte interleukin 6: a paracrine mechanism potentially enhancing neuron survival.

1994 • 193 citations

Signal transduction pathways mediating astrocyte IL-6 induction by IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.

1994 • 193 citations

Expression of interleukin (IL)‐1β, IL‐6 and their respective receptors in the normal rat brain and after injury

1992 • 191 citations

Expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) mRNAs in rat brain during postnatal development

1994 • 187 citations

TNFα induces IL-6 production by astrocytes but not by microglia

1992 • 185 citations

Production of Interleukin-6 by Anterior Pituitary Cellsin Vitro*

1990 • 185 citations

Differentiation factors, including nerve growth factor, fibroblast growth factor, and interleukin-6, induce an accumulation of an active Ras.GTP complex in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.

1992 • 185 citations

Interleukin-6 production by astrocytes: Induction by the neurotransmitter norepinephrine

1993 • 181 citations

Ability of the CRF Immunoreactive Neurons of the Paraventricular Nucleus to Produce a Vasopressin-Like Material

1983 • 180 citations

Expression of Interleukin-6, c-Fos, and zif268 mRNAs in Rat Ischemic Cortex

1995 • 179 citations

Interleukin-6 protects cultured rat hippocampal neurons against glutamate-induced cell death

1994 • 167 citations

Interleukin-6 as an endogenous pyrogen: induction of prostaglandin E2 in brain but not in peripheral blood mononuclear cells

1991 • 164 citations

IL‐6 Expression in Neurons of Transgenic Mice Causes Reactive Astrocytosis and Increase in Ramified Microglial Cells but no Neuronal Damage

1995 • 162 citations

Expression of cytokine receptors in cultured neuronal and glial cells

1993 • 161 citations

Interleukin-6 mRNA expression by cortical neurons in culture: Evidence for neuronal sources of interleukin-6 production in the brain

1995 • 160 citations

Chronic Interleukin-6 Alters NMDA Receptor-Mediated Membrane Responses and Enhances Neurotoxicity in Developing CNS Neurons

1998 • 160 citations

Local infusion of interleukin-6 attenuates the neurotoxic effects of NMDA on rat striatal cholinergic neurons

1992 • 154 citations

Increased production of gelatinase B (matrix metalloproteinase‐9) and interleukin‐6 by activated rat microglia in culture

1995 • 154 citations

Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist inhibits endotoxin fever and systemic interleukin-6 induction in the rat

1996 • 153 citations

Interleukin-6 is a centrally acting endogenous pyrogen in the rat

1991 • 152 citations

Interleukin 6 production in the central nervous system during experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

1990 • 149 citations

Interleukin-6: Molecular Pathophysiology

1990 • 146 citations

Reduced long-term potentiation in the dentate gyrus of transgenic mice with cerebral overexpression of interleukin-6

1995 • 145 citations

Cytokine production in the central nervous system

1995 • 142 citations

Virus infection as a stressor: Influenza virus elevates plasma concentrations of corticosterone, and brain concentrations of MHPG and tryptophan

1989 • 141 citations

Identification of interleukin-6 (IL-6)-expressing neurons in the cerebellum and hippocampus of normal adult rats

1994 • 128 citations

Regulation of an oligodendrocyte progenitor cell line by the interleukin‐6 family of cytokines

1994 • 127 citations

gp130, a Shared Signal Transducing Receptor Component for Hematopoietic and Neuropoietic Cytokines

1996 • 126 citations

The effects of recombinant human interleukin (IL)-1α, IL-1β or IL-6 on hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis activation

1992 • 125 citations

Norepinephrine and vasoactive intestinal peptide induce IL-6 secretion by astrocytes: Synergism with IL-1β and TNFα

1993 • 124 citations

Interleukin-6 as a neurotrophic factor for promoting the survival of cultured catecholaminergic neurons in a chemically defined medium from fetal and postnatal rat midbrains

1992 • 124 citations

Pyrogenic immunomodulators increase the level of prostaglandin E2 in the blood simultaneously with the onset of fever

1988 • 121 citations

Proinflammatory and Antiinflammatory Cytokines in Multiple Sclerosis and Central Nervous System Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

1992 • 120 citations

Neuronal activity in the subcortically denervated hippocampus: A chronic model for epilepsy

1989 • 119 citations

Cytokine network in the central nervous system and its roles in growth and differentiation of glial and neuronal cells

1995 • 117 citations

Recombinant human IL-6 suppresses demyelination in a viral model of multiple sclerosis.

1994 • 116 citations

Adenosine A_2b Receptors Mediate an Increase in Interleukin (IL)‐6 mRNA and IL‐6 Protein Synthesis in Human Astroglioma Cells

1996 • 115 citations

Cerebrospinal fluid cytokines in AIDS dementia complex

1992 • 115 citations

The participation of interleukin-6, a stress-inducible cytokine, in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

1996 • 114 citations

Interleukin-6 is pyrogenic but not somnogenic

1989 • 114 citations

S cases have increased levels of interleukin‐6 in cerebrospinal fluid

1995 • 111 citations

CNS regulation of thermogenesis.

1994 • 107 citations

Cytokine Effects on CNS Biogenic Amines

1995 • 107 citations

Endotoxin-Induced Release of Interleukin-6 from Rat Medial Basal Hypothalami*

1990 • 107 citations

Interleukin-1β Enhances Survival and Interleukin-6 Protects against MPP+ Neurotoxicity in Cultures of Fetal Rat Dopaminergic Neurons

1995 • 106 citations

Interleukin 6 possibly induced by interleukin 1β in the pituitary gland stimulates the release of gonadotropins and prolactin

1990 • 104 citations

Kinetics of systemic and intrahypothalamic IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor during endotoxin fever in guinea pigs

1993 • 103 citations

Interleukin-1 beta causes the increase in anterior hypothalamic interleukin-6 during LPS-induced fever in rats

1994 • 99 citations

Site-specific hippocampal pathophysiology due to cerebral overexpression of interleukin-6 in transgenic mice

1994 • 97 citations

Differential modulation of astrocyte cytokine gene expression by TGF-beta.

1994 • 97 citations

In vivo evidence that the rise in plasma IL 6 following injection of a fever-inducing dose of LPS is mediated by IL 1β

1990 • 97 citations

Cytokines and Fever

1996 • 96 citations

Production of Interleukin-6 by Anterior Pituitary Cells Is Stimulated by Increased Intracellular Adenosine 3′,5′ Monophosphate and Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide*

1990 • 95 citations

Interleukin-6 selectively enhances the intracellular calcium response to NMDA in developing CNS neurons

1995 • 94 citations

Plasma profiles of IL-6 and TNF with fever-inducing doses of lipopolysaccharide in dogs

1990 • 92 citations

The biosynthesis and secretion of adrenocorticotropin by the ovine anterior pituitary is predominantly regulated by arginine vasopressin (AVP). Evidence that protein kinase C mediates the action of AVP.

1990 • 90 citations

Thermoregulatory Actions of Eicosanoids in the Central Nervous System with Particular Regard to the Pathogenesis of Fever

1989 • 89 citations

Amniotic fluid tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-1 in a rabbit model of bacterially induced preterm pregnancy loss

1992 • 87 citations

Role of hypothalamic interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in LPS fever in rat

1993 • 85 citations

The Role of Interleukin-6 in Certain Age-Related Diseases

1994 • 83 citations

Differential expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) mRNAs in rat hypothalamus

1993 • 82 citations

Inhibition of central actions of cytokines on fever and thermogenesis by lipocortin-1 involves CRF

1992 • 80 citations

Interleukin‐1β and lnterleukin‐6 Stimulate Neurohypophysial Hormone Release in vitro

1994 • 80 citations

Expression of cytokines during glial differentiation

1994 • 79 citations

Interleukin-6 secretion from human astrocytoma cells induced by substance P

1994 • 78 citations

Developmental expression of cytokine genes in the cortex and hippocampus of the rat central nervous system

1994 • 77 citations

Interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 act synergistically to stimulate the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone in vivo.

1991 • 75 citations

Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor α (TNFα) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) mRNA in Adult Human Astrocytes

1996 • 75 citations

Traumatic injury induces interleukin-6 production by human astrocytes

1994 • 74 citations

Decreased interleukin-6 level in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Alzheimer-type dementia

1995 • 72 citations

NMDA receptor antagonists block norepinephrine-induced long-lasting potentiation and long-term potentiation in rat dentate gyrus

1989 • 71 citations

A Central Mechanism Is Involved in the Secretion of ACTH in Response to IL-6 in Rats: Comparison to and Interaction with IL-1β

1992 • 70 citations

Interleukin‐1β Uses Common and Distinct Signaling Pathways for Induction of the Interleukin‐6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor α Genes in the Human Astrocytoma Cell Line U373

1996 • 68 citations

IL1 induces proliferation and IL6 mRNA expression in a human astrocytoma cell line: Positive and negative modulation by chorela toxin and cAMP

1990 • 62 citations

Biochemical and morphological changes in the rat hippocampus following transection of the fimbria-fornix

1993 • 61 citations

Quinolinic acid in tumors, hemorrhage and bacterial infections of the central nervous system in children

1995 • 61 citations

Regulation of the Release of Interleukin‐6 from Human Astrocytoma Cells

1994 • 60 citations

The Effect of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infectionin Vitroandin Vivoon the Cytokine Production of Isolated Microglia and Peripheral Macrophages from Rhesus Monkey

1996 • 60 citations

Interleukin‐6 in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with central nervous system infections

1995 • 60 citations

Neuromodulation of fever: Apparent involvement of opioids

1991 • 59 citations

Neural Mechanisms in the Pyrogenic and Acute-Phase Responses to Interleukin-1

1988 • 58 citations

Hypothalamic neuronal responses to interleukin-6 in tissue slices: Effects of indomethacin and naloxone

1992 • 57 citations

Selective induction of interleukin-6 in mouse microglia by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor

1996 • 56 citations

Neuropathogenic actions of cytokines assessed in transgenic mice

1995 • 53 citations

Inflammatory mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease

1996 • 52 citations

Dynamics of interleukin-6 internalization and degradation in rat hepatocytes.

1992 • 52 citations

Overexpression of interleukin-6 in the central nervous system of transgenic mice increases central but not systemic proinflammatory cytokine production

1996 • 50 citations

Release of Interleukin-6 from Anterior Pituitary Cell Aggregates: Developmental Pattern and Modulation by Glucocorticoids and Forskolin

1991 • 49 citations

Altered physiology of purkinje neurons in cerebellar slices from transgenic mice with chronic central nervous system expression of interleukin-6

1999 • 47 citations

[Interleukin-6 and its receptor].

1991 • 47 citations

Cytokines and inflammatory proteins in alzheimer's disease

1992 • 47 citations

Neuromodulation of acute-phase responses to interleukin-6 in guinea pigs

1990 • 46 citations

Central Activation of Thermogenesis by Prostaglandins: Dependence on CRF

1990 • 45 citations

Interleukin‐6, a growth promoting cytokine, is present in human pituitary adenomas: an immunocytochemical study

1992 • 45 citations

Protective effect of interleukin-6 against the death of PC12 cells caused by serum deprivation or by the addition of a calcium ionophore

1996 • 44 citations

Cytokine-gene expression in measles-infected adult human glial cells

1994 • 42 citations

Immunological Markers in the Cerebrospinal Fluid of HIV‐1‐Infected Children

1991 • 41 citations

Cerebellar granule neurons develop elevated calcium responses when treated with interleukin-6 in culture

1995 • 39 citations

Fever produced by intrahypothalamic injection of interleukin-1 and interleukin-6

1991 • 37 citations

Targeted Disruption of the IL‐6 Related Genes: gp130 and NF‐IL‐6

1995 • 36 citations

Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide and Forskolin Stimulate Interleukin 6 Production by Rat Cortical Astrocytes in Culture via a Cyclic AMP‐Dependent, Prostaglandin‐Independent Mechanism

1994 • 35 citations

Second Messenger Systems in the Regulation of Cytokines and Adhesion Molecules in the Central Nervous System

1995 • 35 citations

Central actions of CRF on thermogenesis are mediated by pro-opiomelanocortin products

1991 • 33 citations

Transgenic Models to Assess the Neuropathogenic Potential of HIV-1 Proteins and Cytokines

1995 • 31 citations

Interleukin‐6 and Interleukin‐6 Receptor mRNA Expression in Rat Central Nervous Systema

1995 • 31 citations

Interleukin‐6 production in “normal” and HTLV‐1 tax‐expressing brain‐specific endothelial cells

1993 • 30 citations

Brain tumors: detection of B-cell stimulatory factor-2/interleukin-6 in the absence of oligoclonal bands of immonoglobulins

1989 • 30 citations

INTERLEUKIN–13 AND INTERLEUKIN–4 ACT AS INTERLEUKIN–6 INDUCERS IN HUMAN MICROGLIAL CELLS

1996 • 26 citations

Interleukin 1β and tumour necrosis factor α stimulate the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and interleukin 6 by primary cultured rat hypothalamic cells

1990 • 25 citations

The Study of Anticardiolipin Antibodies and Interleukin-6 in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood of Chinese Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Central Nervous System Involvement

1994 • 25 citations

Cytokines in Neuronal Development

1996 • 24 citations

Viral load and its relationship to quinolinic acid, TNFα, and IL-6 levels in the CNS of retroviral infected mice

1994 • 24 citations

Interleukin‐6 production by brain tissue and cultured astrocytes infected with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus

1993 • 22 citations

Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide Induction of IL-6 in Rat Telencephalic Cells Is Mediated in Part by IL-1

1993 • 21 citations

Cytokine Involvement in Central Nervous System Disease

1995 • 20 citations

lnterleukin-6 and Its Receptor; From Cloning to Clinic

1992 • 19 citations

Different susceptibility to neurokinin 1 receptor antagonists of substance P and septide-induced interleukin-6 release from U373 MG human astrocytoma cell line

1994 • 18 citations

Cytokine Levels in Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid during Tetanus: Possible Immune Activation

1992 • 1 citations