c-Myc, Genome Instability, and Tumorigenesis: The Devil Is in the Details

The Hallmarks of Cancer

2000 • 27,569 citations

The p21 Cdk-interacting protein Cip1 is a potent inhibitor of G1 cyclin-dependent kinases

1993 • 5,680 citations

Telomeres shorten during ageing of human fibroblasts

1990 • 5,530 citations

DNA damage activates ATM through intermolecular autophosphorylation and dimer dissociation

2003 • 3,385 citations

The human mutator gene homolog MSH2 and its association with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

1993 • 2,884 citations

Ubiquitous somatic mutations in simple repeated sequences reveal a new mechanism for colonic carcinogenesis

1993 • 2,711 citations

Insertion of specific bases during DNA synthesis past the oxidation-damaged base 8-oxodG

1991 • 2,172 citations

Mutation in the DNA mismatch repair gene homologue hMLH 1 is associated with hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer

1994 • 2,071 citations

Genetic instability in colorectal cancers

1997 • 1,989 citations

Amplification of a gene encoding a p53-associated protein in human sarcomas

1992 • 1,959 citations

8-Hydroxyguanine, an abundant form of oxidative DNA damage, causes G-T and A-C substitutions.

1992 • 1,830 citations

The c-myc oncogene driven by immunoglobulin enhancers induces lymphoid malignancy in transgenic mice

1985 • 1,782 citations

Enhanced Phosphorylation of p53 by ATM in Response to DNA Damage

1998 • 1,734 citations

Molecular themes in oncogenesis

1991 • 1,663 citations

Mitogenic Signaling Mediated by Oxidants in Ras-Transformed Fibroblasts

1997 • 1,582 citations

SKP2 is required for ubiquitin-mediated degradation of the CDK inhibitor p27

1999 • 1,521 citations

The Age Distribution of Cancer and a Multi-stage Theory of Carcinogenesis

1954 • 1,475 citations

The E2F transcription factor is a cellular target for the RB protein

1991 • 1,461 citations

Altered cell cycle arrest and gene amplification potential accompany loss of wild-type p53

1992 • 1,358 citations

DNA damage triggers a prolonged p53-dependent G1 arrest and long-term induction of Cip1 in normal human fibroblasts.

1994 • 1,165 citations

c-MYC: more than just a matter of life and death

2002 • 1,147 citations

Wild-type p53 restores cell cycle control and inhibits gene amplification in cells with mutant p53 alleles

1992 • 1,117 citations

Increased proteasome-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27 in aggressive colorectal carcinomas

1997 • 1,055 citations

Regulation of retinoblastoma protein functions by ectopic expression of human cyclins

1992 • 1,031 citations

c-Myc transactivation of LDH-A : Implications for tumor metabolism and growth

1997 • 1,015 citations

RNAi-Mediated Chromatin Silencing in Fission Yeast

2007 • 997 citations

Genomic targets of the human c-Myc protein

2003 • 956 citations

Novel primitive lymphoid tumours induced in transgenic mice by cooperation between myc and bcl-2

1990 • 910 citations

Association of human cyclin E with a periodic G1-S phase protein kinase

1992 • 900 citations

Reversible Tumorigenesis by MYC in Hematopoietic Lineages

1999 • 871 citations

Decreased levels of the cell-cycle inhibitor p27Kip1 protein: Prognostic implications in primary breast cancer

1997 • 861 citations

The MRE11 complex: at the crossroads of DNA repair and checkpoint signalling

2002 • 857 citations

Human papillomaviruses in the pathogenesis of anogenital cancer

1991 • 855 citations

c-Myc Can Induce DNA Damage, Increase Reactive Oxygen Species, and Mitigate p53 Function

2002 • 845 citations

Ataxia telangiectasia-mutated phosphorylates Chk2 in vivo and in vitro

2000 • 807 citations

p27Kip1 ubiquitination and degradation is regulated by the SCFSkp2 complex through phosphorylated Thr187 in p27

1999 • 787 citations

The ras gene family and human carcinogenesis

1988 • 786 citations

Toward Maintaining the Genome: DNA Damage and Replication Checkpoints

2002 • 773 citations

Human papillomavirus immortalization and transformation functions

2002 • 758 citations

Mediation of c-Myc-Induced Apoptosis by p53

1994 • 741 citations

Effects of p21^Cip1/Waf1 at Both the G₁/S and the G₂/M Cell Cycle Transitions: pRb Is a Critical Determinant in Blocking DNA Replication and in Preventing Endoreduplication

1998 • 714 citations

Phosphorylation-dependent degradation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1

1997 • 698 citations

DNA oxidation matters: The HPLC–electrochemical detection assay of 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxo-guanine

1998 • 694 citations

Deregulated cyclin E induces chromosome instability

1999 • 692 citations

Myc suppression of the p21Cip1 Cdk inhibitor influences the outcome of the p53 response to DNA damage

2002 • 676 citations

A Mutator Phenotype in Cancer 1

2001 • 675 citations

Sustained Loss of a Neoplastic Phenotype by Brief Inactivation of MYC

2002 • 639 citations

Suppression of Myc-Induced Apoptosis in β Cells Exposes Multiple Oncogenic Properties of Myc and Triggers Carcinogenic Progression

2002 • 624 citations

Senescence-like growth arrest induced by hydrogen peroxide in human diploid fibroblast F65 cells.

1994 • 617 citations

Ubiquitination of p27 is regulated by Cdk-dependent phosphorylation and trimeric complex formation

1999 • 593 citations

Apoptosis inhibitory activity of cytoplasmic p21Cip1/WAF1 in monocytic differentiation

1999 • 587 citations

Centrosome defects and genetic instability in malignant tumors.

1998 • 583 citations

Segregating Sister Genomes: The Molecular Biology of Chromosome Separation

2002 • 549 citations

Errors in DNA replication as a basis of malignant changes.

1974 • 527 citations

Id2 is a retinoblastoma protein target and mediates signalling by Myc oncoproteins

2000 • 504 citations

Characterization of the p53-Dependent Postmitotic Checkpoint following Spindle Disruption

1998 • 498 citations

Mechanism of active transcriptional repression by the retinoblastoma protein

1995 • 494 citations

Dissecting p53 tumor suppressor functions in vivo

2002 • 491 citations

Stat3-mediated Myc expression is required for Src transformation and PDGF-induced mitogenesis

2001 • 487 citations

Reactive oxygen species in tumorigenesis.

1994 • 479 citations

Increased p53 mutation load in noncancerous colon tissue from ulcerative colitis: a cancer-prone chronic inflammatory disease.

2000 • 475 citations

Reversible Activation of c-Myc in Skin

1999 • 468 citations

Translocations involving c-myc and c-myc function

2001 • 465 citations

Current topics in Microbiology and Immunology

1976 • 463 citations

Chromosome segregation and cancer: cutting through the mystery

2001 • 459 citations

The myc Oncogene: omplex

2002 • 458 citations

INK4a/ARF mutations accelerate lymphomagenesis and promote chemoresistance by disabling p53

1999 • 455 citations

Phenotypes of c-Myc-deficient rat fibroblasts isolated by targeted homologous recombination.

1997 • 447 citations

c-Myc Proteolysis by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway: Stabilization of c-Myc in Burkitt's Lymphoma Cells

2000 • 447 citations

c-Myc regulates mammalian body size by controlling cell number but not cell size

2001 • 444 citations

Significance of multiple mutations in cancer

2000 • 441 citations

Direct activation of RNA polymerase III transcription by c-Myc

2003 • 427 citations

Phosphorylation of p53 Serine 15 Increases Interaction with CBP

1998 • 427 citations

Genetic alteration of the c-myc protooncogene (MYC) in human primary breast carcinomas.

1986 • 413 citations

Amplification and expression of the human cyclin D gene in esophageal cancer.

1992 • 411 citations

Transient excess of MYC activity can elicit genomic instability and tumorigenesis

1999 • 409 citations

c-MYC induces mammary tumorigenesis by means of a preferred pathway involving spontaneous Kras2 mutations

2001 • 408 citations

Mutations at coding repeat sequences in mismatch repair-deficient human cancers: toward a new concept of target genes for instability.

2002 • 396 citations

The Restriction Point of the Cell Cycle

2002 • 395 citations

DNA Damage-Dependent Nuclear Dynamics of the Mre11 Complex

2001 • 392 citations

A p53-Dependent Checkpoint Pathway Prevents Rereplication

2003 • 390 citations

The Molecular Basis of Cancer

1985 • 389 citations

Sensitivity and selectivity of the DNA damage sensor responsible for activating p53-dependent G1 arrest.

1996 • 385 citations

Oncogene Activation in Chemical Carcinogenesis

1988 • 383 citations

The human papillomavirus type 16 E6 and E7 oncoproteins independently induce numerical and structural chromosome instability.

2002 • 382 citations

The evolution of diverse biological responses to DNA damage: insights from yeast and p53

2001 • 372 citations

Differential disruption of genomic integrity and cell cycle regulation in normal human fibroblasts by the HPV oncoproteins.

1994 • 371 citations

Critical role for Ser20 of human p53 in the negative regulation of p53 by Mdm2

1999 • 362 citations

c-Myc enhances protein synthesis and cell size during B lymphocyte development

1999 • 357 citations

c-Myc activation in transgenic mouse epidermis results in mobilization of stem cells and differentiation of their progeny

2001 • 339 citations

APC mutations in colorectal tumors with mismatch repair deficiency.

1996 • 329 citations

Growth arrest by the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27Kip1 is abrogated by c-Myc.

1996 • 319 citations

c-Myc Regulates Cyclin D-Cdk4 and -Cdk6 Activity but Affects Cell Cycle Progression at Multiple Independent Points

1999 • 319 citations

Mismatch Repair Deficiency in Phenotypically Normal Human Cells

1995 • 314 citations

Deconstructing Myc: Figure 1.

2001 • 311 citations

Selection, the mutation rate and cancer: Ensuring that the tail does not wag the dog

1999 • 309 citations

Cellular senescence as a tumor-protection mechanism: the essential role of counting

2001 • 308 citations

Control of cell growth by c-Myc in the absence of cell division

1999 • 290 citations

E2F1 and c-Myc Potentiate Apoptosis through Inhibition of NF-κB Activity that Facilitates MnSOD-Mediated ROS Elimination

2002 • 282 citations

c-Myc hot spot mutations in lymphomas result in inefficient ubiquitination and decreased proteasome-mediated turnover

2000 • 276 citations

Regulated Chromosomal DNA Replication in the Absence of a Nucleus

1998 • 275 citations

Expression of Bcl-xL and loss of p53 can cooperate to overcome a cell cycle checkpoint induced by mitotic spindle damage.

1996 • 266 citations

Genetic pathways in colorectal and other cancers

1999 • 260 citations

Collaboration of G1 cyclins in the functional inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein.

1994 • 253 citations

Myc Requires Distinct E2F Activities to Induce S Phase and Apoptosis

2001 • 253 citations

Purification of DNA complementary to nucleotide sequences required for neoplastic transformation of fibroblasts by avian sarcoma viruses

1976 • 252 citations

A central role for chromosome breakage in gene amplification, deletion formation, and amplicon integration.

1991 • 248 citations

A non-enzymatic p21 protein inhibitor of stress-activated protein kinases

1996 • 248 citations

Increased p53 mutation load in nontumorous human liver of Wilson disease and hemochromatosis: Oxyradical overload diseases

2000 • 247 citations

The Yeast CDK Inhibitor Sic1 Prevents Genomic Instability by Promoting Replication Origin Licensing in Late G1

2002 • 243 citations

Overreplication and recombination of DNA in higher eukaryotes: potential consequences and biological implications.

1986 • 242 citations

Transgenic mouse model for synergistic effects of nuclear oncogenes and growth factors in tumorigenesis: interaction of c-myc and transforming growth factor alpha in hepatic oncogenesis.

1993 • 237 citations

You Wnt some, you lose some: oncogenes in the Wnt signaling pathway

2003 • 233 citations

Induction of microsatellite instability by oxidative DNA damage

1998 • 227 citations

A Large Scale Genetic Analysis of c-Myc-regulated Gene Expression Patterns

2003 • 224 citations

γ-Catenin is regulated by the APC tumor suppressor and its oncogenic activity is distinct from that of β-catenin

2000 • 223 citations

Cell line-specific differences in the control of cell cycle progression in the absence of mitosis.

1990 • 222 citations

Increased formation of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine, in human breast cancer tissue and its relationship to GSTP1 and COMT genotypes

2000 • 221 citations

The human Ha-ras oncogene induces genomic instability in murine fibroblasts within one cell cycle.

1994 • 216 citations

Wnt signaling promotes oncogenic transformation by inhibiting c-Myc–induced apoptosis

2002 • 210 citations

Burkitt Lymphoma in the Mouse

2000 • 209 citations

A Murine Model of Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome

2002 • 206 citations

Cyclin E and c-Myc promote cell proliferation in the presence of p16INK4a and of hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma family proteins

1997 • 206 citations

Increased ROS levels contribute to elevated transcription factor and MAP kinase activities in malignantly progressed mouse keratinocyte cell lines

1999 • 206 citations

Wnt signalling in mammalian development and cancer.

1999 • 204 citations

Topoisomerase I-mediated DNA damage

2001 • 203 citations

Impact of p53 loss on reversal and recurrence of conditional Wnt-induced tumorigenesis

2003 • 201 citations

Myc-enhanced expression of Cul1 promotes ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis and cell cycle progression

2000 • 194 citations

DNA amplification is rare in normal human cells.

1990 • 192 citations

Activation of c-myc by woodchuck hepatitis virus insertion in hepatocellular carcinoma

1988 • 192 citations

The Mammalian Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 Protein Complex: Integration of Functions in the Cellular DNA–Damage Response

1999 • 186 citations

c-myc oncogene expression in colorectal cancer

1987 • 185 citations

DNA replication-dependent nuclear dynamics of the Mre11 complex.

2003 • 185 citations

Bax Loss Impairs Myc-Induced Apoptosis and Circumvents the Selection of p53 Mutations during Myc-Mediated Lymphomagenesis

2001 • 181 citations

Contributions of Myc to tumorigenesis

2002 • 175 citations

WNT pathway and mammary carcinogenesis: Loss of expression of candidate tumor suppressor gene SFRP1 in most invasive carcinomas except of the medullary type

2001 • 175 citations

Werner syndrome protein limits MYC-induced cellular senescence

2003 • 174 citations

p21^Waf1/Cip1 Inhibition of Cyclin E/Cdk2 Activity Prevents Endoreduplication after Mitotic Spindle Disruption

1999 • 171 citations

Cell cycle arrest and DNA endoreduplication following p21Waf1/Cip1 expression

1998 • 170 citations

p53 and pRb prevent rereplication in response to microtubule inhibitors by mediating a reversible G1 arrest.

1998 • 168 citations

Disruption of Redox Homeostasis in the Transforming Growth Factor-α/c-myc Transgenic Mouse Model of Accelerated Hepatocarcinogenesis

1998 • 168 citations

RELATIONSHIPS OF VIRUSES, CHROMOSOMES AND CARCINOGENESIS

2009 • 168 citations

Cell-Free Degradation of p27^kip1, a G₁ Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor, Is Dependent on CDK2 Activity and the Proteasome

1999 • 166 citations

Involvement of Myc Activity in a G₁/S-Promoting Mechanism Parallel to the pRb/E2F Pathway

2000 • 165 citations

Detection of the c-myc oncogene product in colonic polyps and carcinomas

1986 • 164 citations

Regulation and Mechanisms of Mammalian Gene Amplification

1993 • 163 citations

Is the MCM2–7 complex the eukaryotic DNA replication fork helicase?

2001 • 159 citations

Carcinogenesis in mouse and human cells: parallels and paradoxes

2000 • 154 citations

A Role for Cdk2 Kinase in Negatively Regulating DNA Replication during S Phase of the Cell Cycle

1997 • 153 citations

Defective double-strand DNA break repair and chromosomal translocations by MYC overexpression

2003 • 147 citations

Molecular dissection of mammalian gene amplification: New mechanistic insights revealed by analyses of very early events

1992 • 146 citations

Vitamin E reduces chromosomal damage and inhibits hepatic tumor formation in a transgenic mouse model

2000 • 143 citations

p53 mediates permanent arrest over multiple cell cycles in response to gamma-irradiation.

1997 • 143 citations

Overexpression of MYC causes p53 -dependent G ₂ arrest of normal fibroblasts

2000 • 132 citations

Amplification and overexpression of the erbB-2 gene in human tumors: its involvement in tumor development, significance as a prognostic factor, and potential as a target for cancer therapy.

1993 • 131 citations

c-Myc Overexpression Uncouples DNA Replication from Mitosis

1999 • 128 citations

Identifying Genes Regulated in a Myc-dependent Manner

2002 • 128 citations

Microtubule dependency of p34cdc2 inactivation and mitotic exit in mammalian cells.

1994 • 126 citations

Amplification of oncogenes revisited: from expression profiling to clinical application

2001 • 121 citations

Synergy between the Mos/Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway and Loss of p53 Function in Transformation and Chromosome Instability

1997 • 119 citations

Genomically complex lymphomas undergo sustained tumor regression upon MYC inactivation unless they acquire novel chromosomal translocations

2003 • 117 citations

Spontaneous DNA Damage, Genome Instability, and Cancer—When DNA Replication Escapes Control

2001 • 116 citations

Role of genetic and epigenetic changes in Burkitt lymphoma

2002 • 113 citations

p53 and p21 Form an Inducible Barrier that Protects Cells against Cyclin E-cdk2 Deregulation

2002 • 111 citations

Induction of cyclin E-cdk2 kinase activity, E2F-dependent transcription and cell growth by Myc are genetically separable events

2000 • 110 citations

Oxidative stress increases frameshift mutations in human colorectal cancer cells.

2001 • 106 citations

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: correlations between DNA adducts and ras oncogene mutations1This manuscript has been reviewed by the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, U.S. EPA and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products should not be construed as endorsement or recommendation for use.1

1999 • 105 citations

Genome-Based Identification of Cancer Genes by Proviral Tagging in Mouse Retrovirus-Induced T-Cell Lymphomas

2003 • 103 citations

Human lung cancer and p53 : The interplay between mutagenesis and selection

2000 • 102 citations

Apoptosis and tumourigenesis

2002 • 97 citations

Molecular basis of cancer

2000 • 94 citations

Topoisomerase I Involvement in Illegitimate Recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1996 • 93 citations

Myc/p53 interactions in transgenic mouse mammary development, tumorigenesis and chromosomal instability

1998 • 90 citations

Loss of p27Kip1 but not p21Cip1 decreases survival and synergizes with MYC in murine lymphomagenesis

2002 • 89 citations

Over-expression of the c-myc proto-oncogene in colorectal carcinoma

1993 • 88 citations

c-Myc Directly Regulates the Transcription of the NBS1 Gene Involved in DNA Double-strand Break Repair

2003 • 87 citations

Gene Amplification in a p53-Deficient Cell Line Requires Cell Cycle Progression under Conditions That Generate DNA Breakage

1998 • 85 citations

In Vivo Amplification and Rearrangement of c-myc Oncogene in Human Breast Tumors

1988 • 84 citations

Retinoblastoma Tumor Suppressor Targets dNTP Metabolism to Regulate DNA Replication

2002 • 82 citations

Chromosome‐mediated alterations of the MYC gene in human cancer

2002 • 82 citations

c-Myc overexpression associated DHFR gene amplification in hamster, rat, mouse and human cell lines.

1996 • 79 citations

Methotrexate resistance and gene amplification. Mechanisms and implications

1986 • 79 citations

Role of Src in Signal Transduction Pathways

2002 • 74 citations

Wnt signaling and mammary tumorigenesis.

2001 • 73 citations

c-myc-dependent hepatoma cell apoptosis results from oxidative stress and not a deficiency of growth factors

1997 • 70 citations

The p21^WAF1/CIP1 Promoter Is Methylated in Rat-1 Cells: Stable Restoration of p53-Dependent p21^WAF1/CIP1 Expression after Transfection of a Genomic Clone Containing the p21^WAF1/CIP1 Gene

2000 • 69 citations

Overexpression of c-Myc Alters G₁/S Arrest following Ionizing Radiation

2002 • 69 citations

Induction of microsatellite mutations by oxidative agents in human lung cancer cell lines

2000 • 69 citations

Cellular distribution of c-myc transcripts during chemical hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.

1988 • 63 citations

Chromosome aberrations induced in vitro: Mechanisms, delayed expression, and intriguing questions

1994 • 60 citations

Stimulation of methotrexate resistance and dihydrofolate reductase gene amplification by c-myc.

1991 • 59 citations

Nonrandom Cytogenetic Alterations in Hepatocellular Carcinoma from Transgenic Mice Overexpressing c-Myc and Transforming Growth Factor-α in the Liver

1999 • 56 citations

Microsatellite instability as a tool for the classification of gastric cancer

2001 • 55 citations

Chromosomal and Extrachromosomal Instability of the cyclin D2 Gene is Induced by Myc Overexpression

1999 • 54 citations

Microsatellite instability induced by hydrogen peroxide in Escherichia coli

2000 • 52 citations

Induction of microsatellite mutations by oxidative agents in human lung cancer cell lines

2000 • 52 citations

Loss of Protooncogene c-Myc Function Impedes G₁ Phase Progression Both before and after the Restriction Point

2003 • 51 citations

Ploidy and karyotypic alterations associated with early events in the development of hepatocarcinogenesis in transgenic mice harboring c-myc and transforming growth factor alpha transgenes.

1996 • 50 citations

Overexpression of c-myc precedes amplification of the gene encoding dihydrofolate reductase

1994 • 49 citations

Regulation and mechanisms of gene amplification

1995 • 41 citations

Loss of heterozygosity, microsatellite instability, and mismatch repair protein alterations in the radial growth phase of cutaneous malignant melanomas

2002 • 40 citations

Retroviral insertion sites and cancer: Fountain of all knowledge?

2002 • 38 citations

Directory of on-going research in cancer epidemiology

1982 • 38 citations

SYNERGISM OF THE SCHMIDT-RUPPIN STRAIN OF THE ROUS SARCOMA VIRUS AND CYTIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE IN THE INDUCTION OF CHROMOSOME BREAKS IN HUMAN CULTURED LEUKOCYTES

2009 • 33 citations

The ribonucleotide reductase R2 gene is a non-transcribed target of c-Myc-induced genomic instability

1999 • 32 citations

Oncogenesis by Moloney murine leukemia virus.

1987 • 29 citations

Karyometric marker features in tissue adjacent to invasive cervical carcinomas.

1989 • 29 citations

Chromosome Changes in Primary Tumors*

2015 • 28 citations

Genomic instability in mouse Burkitt lymphoma is dominated by illegitimate genetic recombinations, not point mutations

2002 • 27 citations

v-Ha-Ras Overexpression Induces Superoxide Production and Alters Levels of Primary Antioxidant Enzymes

2001 • 24 citations

Transformation of human kidney proximal tubule cells by a src-containing retrovirus.

1991 • 18 citations

Immunoglobulin Gene Associated Chromosomal Translocations in B-Cell Derived Tumors

1999 • 15 citations

Population Genetics of Tumours

2007 • 12 citations

Influence of c-myc on the Progression of Human Breast Cancer

1996 • 12 citations

MYC-Induced Cyclin D2 Genomic Instability in Murine B Cell Neoplasms

1999 • 9 citations

The Role of c-myc During Normal B Cell Proliferation, and as B Cells Undergo Malignant Transformation

1997 • 5 citations

Directory of on-going research in cancer epidemiology 1982.

1982 • 1 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations