Macrophages and post-burn immune dysfunction

Nitric oxide: physiology, pathophysiology, and pharmacology.

1991 • 15,563 citations

NITRIC OXIDE AND MACROPHAGE FUNCTION

1997 • 4,106 citations

Interleukin 10(IL-10) inhibits cytokine synthesis by human monocytes: an autoregulatory role of IL-10 produced by monocytes.

1991 • 3,812 citations

Role of transcription factor NF-kappa B/Rel in induction of nitric oxide synthase.

1994 • 2,216 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 null mutation in mice causes excessive inflammatory response and early death.

1993 • 1,941 citations

REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES BY TGF-β

1998 • 1,908 citations

Selectivity of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs as inhibitors of constitutive and inducible cyclooxygenase.

1993 • 1,655 citations

Tumor necrosis factor (cachectin) is an endogenous pyrogen and induces production of interleukin 1.

1986 • 1,501 citations

Human cyclooxygenase-2 cDNA.

1992 • 1,493 citations

Multiple Organ Failure Pathophysiology and Potential Future Therapy

1992 • 1,398 citations

Transforming growth factor type beta induces monocyte chemotaxis and growth factor production.

1987 • 1,287 citations

Natural and synthetic non-peptide antigens recognized by human γδ T cells

1995 • 974 citations

TRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION BY CYCLIC AMP

1997 • 967 citations

The induction and suppression of prostaglandin H2 synthase (cyclooxygenase) in human monocytes.

1990 • 940 citations

Prostaglandin E2 inhibits production of Th1 lymphokines but not of Th2 lymphokines.

1991 • 835 citations

Gamma/Delta Cells

1993 • 819 citations

Efficacy and Safety of Monoclonal Antibody to Human Tumor Necrosis Factor α in Patients With Sepsis Syndrome

1995 • 805 citations

Expression of mRNA for cyclooxygenase‐1 and cyclooxygenase‐2 in human tissues

1993 • 708 citations

Prostaglandin-E2 is a potent inhibitor of human interleukin 12 production.

1995 • 676 citations

Differential production of interferon-γ and interleukin-4 in response to Th1- and Th2-stimulating pathogens by γδ T cells in vivo

1995 • 672 citations

Modulation of Epithelial Cell Growth by Intraepithelial γδ T Cells

1994 • 644 citations

Prostaglandins modulate macrophage Ia expression

1982 • 545 citations

A new view of prostaglandin E regulation of the immune response

1991 • 535 citations

Major Injury Leads to Predominance of the T Helper-2 Lymphocyte Phenotype and Diminished Interleukin-12 Production Associated with Decreased Resistance to Infection

1995 • 503 citations

Interleukin-6 in the Injured Patient

1996 • 500 citations

Inhibition of cytotoxic T cell development by transforming growth factor beta and reversal by recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha.

1987 • 497 citations

Prostaglandin E2 differentially modulates cytokine secretion profiles of human T helper lymphocytes.

1993 • 491 citations

THE PATHOPHYSIOLOGICAL ROLE OF PEROXYNITRITE IN SHOCK, INFLAMMATION, AND ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY

1996 • 486 citations

Role of interferon regulatory factor 1 in induction of nitric oxide synthase.

1994 • 477 citations

Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate Response Element Binding Protein (CREB) and Related Transcription-Activating Deoxyribonucleic Acid-Binding Proteins*

1993 • 476 citations

SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME (SIRS), MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME (MODS), MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE (MOF)

1998 • 455 citations

Cytokines and macrophages

1994 • 442 citations

Inhibition of tumor cell ribonucleotide reductase by macrophage-derived nitric oxide.

1991 • 436 citations

Release of tumor necrosis factor-alpha from macrophages. Enhancement and suppression are dose-dependently regulated by prostaglandin E2 and cyclic nucleotides.

1988 • 397 citations

Nitric oxide production is required for murine resident peritoneal macrophages to suppress mitogen-stimulated T cell proliferation. Role of IFN-gamma in the induction of the nitric oxide-synthesizing pathway.

1991 • 384 citations

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) inhibits the induction of nitric oxide synthase by interferon-γ in murine macrophages

1992 • 384 citations

Evidence for the involvement of interleukin 10 in the differential deactivation of murine peritoneal macrophages by prostaglandin E2.

1994 • 374 citations

Activated murine macrophages induce apoptosis in tumor cells through nitric oxide-dependent or -independent mechanisms.

1994 • 372 citations

Assessment of the safety and efficacy of the monoclonal anti-tumor necrosis factor antibody-fragment, MAK 195F, in patients with sepsis and septic shock

1996 • 368 citations

Macrophage-mediated suppression. I. Evidence for participation of both hdyrogen peroxide and prostaglandins in suppression of murine lymphocyte proliferation.

1980 • 345 citations

Molecular basis of "suppressor" macrophages. Arginine metabolism via the nitric oxide synthetase pathway.

1991 • 344 citations

Cytokine-inducible expression in endothelial cells of an I kappa B alpha-like gene is regulated by NF kappa B.

1993 • 338 citations

Clinical significance of translocation.

1994 • 333 citations

Mortality Determinants in Massive Pediatric Burns

1997 • 326 citations

Immunoregulation by interleukin-12

1996 • 298 citations

Endogenous IL-10 protects mice from death during septic peritonitis.

1995 • 287 citations

Intestinal permeability is increased in burn patients shortly after injury.

1990 • 287 citations

Interleukin-12

1994 • 285 citations

RECOGNITION BY γ/δ T CELLS

1996 • 277 citations

Interleukin‐4 and interleukin‐10 inhibit nitric oxide‐dependent macrophage killing of Candida albicans

1993 • 260 citations

The Complex Pattern of Cytokines in Sepsis Association Between Prostaglandins, Cachectin, and Interleukins

1991 • 254 citations

Interleukin 1, interleukin 6 and tumor necrosis factor in infection, inflammation and immunity

1988 • 252 citations

Chemokine expression by intraepithelial gamma delta T cells. Implications for the recruitment of inflammatory cells to damaged epithelia.

1996 • 250 citations

Alteration of Monocyte Function Following Major Injury

1988 • 250 citations

Transcriptional Regulation of Prostaglandin Synthase 2 Gene Expression by Platelet-derived Growth Factor and Serum

1996 • 244 citations

Regulation of prostaglandin production by nitric oxide; an in vivo analysis

1995 • 243 citations

Current Treatment of Severely Burned Patients

1996 • 229 citations

Mechanisms by which Activated Macrophages Inhibit Lymphocyte Responses

1978 • 228 citations

Major Injury Induces Increased Production of Interleukin-10 by Cells of the Immune System With a Negative Impact on Resistance to Infection

1997 • 221 citations

Serum cachectin/tumor necrosis factor in critically ill patients with burns correlates with infection and mortality.

1990 • 217 citations

Cytokines in Health and Disease

1992 • 199 citations

Prompt Eschar Excision

1986 • 199 citations

NITRIC OXIDE—A NEW ENDOGENOUS IMMUNOMODULATOR

1993 • 198 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-induced gene expression in murine peritoneal macrophages is selectively suppressed by agents that elevate intracellular cAMP.

1989 • 196 citations

Significant Reductions in Mortality for Children With Burn Injuries Through the Use of Prompt Eschar Excision

1988 • 189 citations

Immune protection and control of inflammatory tissue necrosis by gamma delta T cells.

1994 • 189 citations

Monohydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (HETEs) induce degranulation of human neutrophils.

1980 • 186 citations

The cyclic AMP response element plays an essential role in the expression of the human prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 gene in differentiated U937 monocytic cells

1994 • 185 citations

INVITED OPINION

1994 • 185 citations

Prostaglandin E₂ primes naive T cells for the production of anti‐inflammatory cytokines

1997 • 178 citations

Nitric oxide-mediated cyclooxygenase activation. A key event in the antiplatelet effects of nitrovasodilators.

1996 • 169 citations

Regulation of lymphocyte functions by nitric oxide

1995 • 166 citations

IL-15 is a novel growth factor for murine gamma delta T cells induced by Salmonella infection.

1996 • 158 citations

Nitric oxide amplifies interleukin 1-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression in rat mesangial cells.

1996 • 158 citations

TRAUMA-INDUCED SUPPRESSION OF ANTIGEN PRESENTATION AND EXPRESSION OF MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY CLASS II ANTIGEN COMPLEX IN LEUKOCYTES

1996 • 156 citations

Intestinal permeability is increased in burn patients shortly after injury

1990 • 156 citations

Regulation by Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-4 of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Neutrophils

1997 • 156 citations

Efficacy and safety of monoclonal antibody to human tumor necrosis factor alpha in patients with sepsis syndrome. A randomized, controlled, double-blind, multicenter clinical trial. TNF-alpha MAb Sepsis Study Group

1995 • 153 citations

Modulation by nitric oxide of prostaglandin biosynthesis in the rat

1995 • 144 citations

Multiple organ failure in patients with thermal injury

1993 • 138 citations

Isoproterenol regulates tumour necrosis factor, interleukin‐10, interleukin‐6 and nitric oxide production and protects against the development of vascular hyporeactivity in endotoxaemia

1997 • 135 citations

Temporal correlation of impaired immune response after thermal injury with susceptibility to infection in a murine model.

1988 • 135 citations

Activation of gamma delta T cells for production of IFN-gamma is mediated by bacteria via macrophage-derived cytokines IL-1 and IL-12.

1995 • 134 citations

Role of Nitric Oxide in Vascular Permeability after Combined Burns and Smoke Inhalation Injury

2001 • 134 citations

Plasma Cytokines After Thermal Injury and Their Relationship to Infection

1993 • 133 citations

Regulation by Interleukin-10 and Interleukin-4 of Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression in Human Neutrophils

1997 • 131 citations

Injury Induces Deficient Interleukin-12 Production, But Interleukin-12 Therapy After Injury Restores Resistance to Infection

2000 • 128 citations

Interleukin (IL)‐4 production by human T cells: differential regulation of IL‐4 vs. IL‐2 production

1992 • 126 citations

CYTOKINE RESPONSE TO BURN INJURY

1994 • 125 citations

Mechanisms of Altered Monocyte Prostaglandin E2 Production in Severely Injured Patients

1988 • 122 citations

Blood interleukin 10 levels parallel the severity of septic shock

1997 • 121 citations

Transforming Growth Factor

2008 • 121 citations

A study of cytokines in burn blister fluid related to wound healing

1995 • 119 citations

Bacterial translocation in multiple organ failure: Cause or epiphenomenon still unproven

1997 • 118 citations

The Management of Burns

1990 • 118 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Gene Regulation: Enhancement of C/EBPβ-Induced Activation by c-Jun

1998 • 117 citations

Histological demonstration of prostaglandins and thromboxanes in burned tissue

1980 • 116 citations

Prostaglandin E2 regulates inducible nitric oxide synthase in the murine macrophage cell line J774

1995 • 112 citations

Role of Transcriptional Repressor ICER in Cyclic AMP-mediated Attenuation of Cytokine Gene Expression in Human Thymocytes

1998 • 112 citations

Increased gut permeability early after burns correlates with the extent of burn injury

1992 • 111 citations

The Role of Prostaglandin E2 in Immune Suppression Following Injury

1991 • 110 citations

Interleukin-12 treatment restores normal resistance to bacterial challenge after burn injury

1996 • 107 citations

Bacterial translocation after thermal injury

1993 • 102 citations

Differential Regulation of Cyclo-Oxygenase-1 and Cyclo-Oxygenase-2 Gene Expression by Lipopolysaccharide Treatment in vivo in the Rat

1996 • 101 citations

Sensitivity Difference to the Suppressive Effect of Prostaglandin E2 Among Mouse Strains: A Possible Mechanism to Polarize Th2 Type Response in BALB/c Mice

2000 • 99 citations

Plasma cytokine levels in patients with severe burn injury-with reference to the relationship between infection and prognosis

1996 • 99 citations

Early preferential stimulation of gamma delta T cells by TNF-alpha.

1998 • 98 citations

Etiology of Multiple Organ Failure

1990 • 97 citations

Anti-interleukin-10 antibody restores burn-induced defects in T-cell function

1997 • 94 citations

Concentrations of cytokines in plasma of patients with large burns: their relation to time after injury, burn size, inflammatory variables, infection, and outcome

2002 • 94 citations

Modulation of Macrophage Hyperactivity Improves Survival in a Burn-Sepsis Model

1992 • 93 citations

Analysis of prostaglandin E2 effect on T lymphocyte activation. Abrogation of prostaglandin E2 inhibitory effect by the tumor promotor 12.0 tetradecanoyl phorbol-13 acetate.

1987 • 92 citations

Cyclooxygenase isoenzymes and newer therapeutic potential for selective COX-2 inhibitors

2000 • 90 citations

Impairment of T cell activation in burn patients: a possible mechanism of thermal injury-induced immunosuppression.

1986 • 90 citations

Interleukin-2 and interleukin-6 in relation to burn wound size in the acute phase of thermal injury.

1994 • 89 citations

Differential activation of transcription factors NF-ϰB and AP-1 in rat liver macrophages

1995 • 88 citations

Gamma interferon and interleukin 2, but not interleukin 4, are detectable in gamma/delta T-cell cultures after activation with bacteria

1992 • 87 citations

ACUTE ETHANOL EXPOSURE PRIOR TO THERMAL INJURY RESULTS IN DECREASED T-CELL RESPONSES MEDIATED IN PART BY INCREASED PRODUCTION OF IL-6

1998 • 86 citations

Early Preferential Stimulation of γδ T Cells by TNF-α

1998 • 82 citations

Bacterial translocation in multiple organ failure: Cause or epiphenomenon still unproven

1997 • 82 citations

The immune response to trauma.

1995 • 80 citations

Nitric Oxide Production Is Increased in Patients after Burn Injury

1996 • 80 citations

Nitric oxide production is intensely and persistently increased in tissue by thermal injury

1994 • 80 citations

Thermal injury-induced immunosuppression in mice: the role of macrophage-derived reactive nitrogen intermediates

1998 • 79 citations

Cachectin/TNF Production in Experimental Burns and Pseudomonas Infection

1988 • 76 citations

The role of γδ T cells in priming macrophages to produce tumor necrosis factor‐α

1995 • 74 citations

Protective Roles of γδ T Cells and Interleukin-15 inEscherichia coliInfection in Mice

1998 • 73 citations

Cyclic AMP inhibits phosphatidylinositol-coupled and -uncoupled mitogenic signals in T lymphocytes. Evidence that cAMP alters PKC-induced transcription regulation of members of the jun and fos family of genes.

1994 • 72 citations

Insights into the role of γδ T lymphocytes in the immunopathogenic response to thermal injury

2000 • 70 citations

BLOCKING PROSTAGLANDIN E2 AFTER TRAUMA ATTENUATES PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES AND IMPROVES SURVIVAL

2000 • 69 citations

The 1994 Lindberg Award. The production of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and prostaglandin E2 by isolated enterocytes and gut macrophages: effect of lipopolysaccharide and thermal injury.

1994 • 68 citations

KINETICS OF NITROGEN OXIDE PRODUCTION FOLLOWING EXPERIMENTAL THERMAL INJURY IN RATS

1993 • 66 citations

A study of burn injuries in the elderly in a regional burn centre

2001 • 66 citations

Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor NS-398 Improves Survival and Restores Leukocyte Counts in Burn Infection

1998 • 64 citations

Cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) and related transcription-activating deoxyribonucleic acid- binding proteins

1993 • 64 citations

Intercellular interactions and cytokine responsiveness of peritoneal alpha/beta and gamma/delta T cells from Listeria-infected mice: synergistic effects of interleukin 1 and 7 on gamma/delta T cells.

1993 • 63 citations

Mechanism of increased tumor necrosis factor production after thermal injury. Altered sensitivity to PGE2 and immunomodulation with indomethacin.

1993 • 61 citations

CD4+ contrasuppressor T cells improve the resistance of thermally injured mice infected with HSV

1995 • 60 citations

Trauma-induced alterations in macrophage function

1998 • 58 citations

Differential inhibitory mechanism of cyclic AMP on TNF‐α and IL‐12 synthesis by macrophages exposed to microbial stimuli

1999 • 57 citations

Burn-Induced Nitric Oxide Release in Humans

1995 • 56 citations

Role of Ca2+ in prostaglandin E2-induced T-lymphocyte proliferative suppression in sepsis

1995 • 56 citations

CHANGES IN GUT MUCOSAL NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE (NOS) ACTIVITY AFTER THERMAL INJURY AND ITS RELATION WITH BARRIER FAILURE

1999 • 56 citations

Burns to the elderly: a reappraisal

1987 • 55 citations

Interleukin‐12 activates human γδ T cells: synergistic effect of tumor necrosis factor‐α

1996 • 54 citations

Effect of PGE2 and of agents that raise cAMP levels on macrophage activation induced by IFN-γ and TNF-α

1995 • 54 citations

THE 1994 LINDBERG AWARD

1994 • 53 citations

DOES BURN WOUND EXCISION AFTER THERMAL INJURY ATTENUATE SUBSEQUENT MACROPHAGE HYPERACTIVITY AND IMMUNOSUPPRESSION?

2000 • 53 citations

Early Excision and Grafting versus Conservative Management of Burns in the Elderly

1998 • 52 citations

Effect of Surgical Trauma on Splenocyte and Peritoneal Macrophage Immune Function

1995 • 50 citations

Transforming growth factor-?1 expression in cultured corneal fibroblasts in response to injury

2000 • 48 citations

Plasma concentrations of type II phospholipase A2, cytokines and eicosanoids in patients with burns

1995 • 47 citations

Cyclooxygenase 2-mediated suppression of macrophage interleukin-12 production after thermal injury

2002 • 46 citations

An increase in intracellular cyclic AMP modulates nitric oxide production in IFN-gamma-treated macrophages.

1997 • 45 citations

Thermal injury alters macrophage responses to prostaglandin E2: contribution to the enhancement of inducible nitric oxide synthase activity

1998 • 45 citations

A burn induced Ly-2 suppressor T cell lowers resistance to bacterial infection

1985 • 44 citations

Time course of production of cytokines and prostaglandin E2 by macrophages isolated after thermal injury and bacterial translocation.

1994 • 44 citations

Resistance of macrophages to the suppressive effect of interleukin-10 following thermal injury

2001 • 43 citations

RECOGNITION BY / T CELLS

1996 • 43 citations

THE 1997 MOYER AWARD Cytokine Production in Patients with Hypertrophic Burn Scars

1997 • 42 citations

Prostaglandin E2and IL-4 Provide Naive CD4+T Cells with Distinct Inhibitory Signals for the Priming of IFN-γ Production

1997 • 38 citations

Mechanisms of immune failure in burn injury

1993 • 37 citations

Differential Effects of PKC Inhibitors on Gelatinase B and Interleukin 6 Production in the Mouse Macrophage

1995 • 35 citations

Role of gut-derived endotoxaemia and bacterial translocation in rats after thermal injury: effects of selective decontamination of the digestive tract

1995 • 35 citations

THE EFFECTS OF INFECTION OF THERMAL INJURY BY PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA PAO1 ON THE MURINE CYTOKINE RESPONSE

2001 • 35 citations

Role of Nitric Oxide in Depressed Lymphoproliferative Responses and Altered Cytokine Production Following Thermal Injury in Rats

1998 • 34 citations

SERUM TGF-β IN THERMALLY INJURED RATS

2001 • 33 citations

THE ROLE OF INTERLEUKIN 6 IN INTERFERON-γ PRODUCTION IN THERMALLY INJURED MICE

2000 • 32 citations

THERMAL INJURY INDUCES MACROPHAGE HYPERACTIVITY THROUGH PERTUSSIS TOXIN-SENSITIVE AND -INSENSITIVE PATHWAYS

1998 • 31 citations

Effects of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitors on Vascular Hyperpermeability with Thermal Injury in Mice

2001 • 31 citations

Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) regulate differently IL-12 production in human intestinal lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMC)

1999 • 31 citations

Early, complete burn wound excision partially restores cytotoxic T lymphocyte function*

1995 • 30 citations

Early wound excision and skin grafting restores cellular immunity after severe burn trauma

1993 • 30 citations

RAPID AND PROLONGED IMPAIRMENT OF GUT BARRIER FUNCTION AFTER THERMAL INJURY IN MICE

1998 • 30 citations

Nitric oxide and the cyclooxygenase pathway.

1995 • 27 citations

Role of PKC and Tyrosine Kinase in Ethanol-Mediated Inhibition of LPS-Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase

1998 • 27 citations

Immediate Burn Wound Excision Restores Antibody Synthesis to Bacterial Antigen

1996 • 27 citations

Tumor necrosis factor and immunopathology

1991 • 27 citations

Elevated Transforming Growth Factor-beta Concentration Correlates with Posttrauma Immunosuppression

1996 • 26 citations

Alterations in transcriptional regulation of proinflammatory and immunoregulatory cytokine expression by hemorrhage, injury, and critical illness.

1996 • 26 citations

Role of protein kinase C in cyclic AMP-mediated suppression of T-lymphocyte activation following burn injury

1999 • 25 citations

Murine inhibitory protein-kappa B alpha negatively regulates kappa B-dependent transcription in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages.

1994 • 23 citations

The roles of macrophage (MΦ) and PGE-2 in postburn immunosuppression

1992 • 23 citations

Prostaglandins and the Inflammatory Response

1983 • 23 citations

Elevated expression of cyclooxygenase-2 contributes to immune dysfunction in a murine model of trauma

2001 • 23 citations

Analysis of Prostaglandin E2 Effect on T Lymphocyte Activation

1987 • 23 citations

A Mechanism of Interleukin-12 Unresponsiveness Associated with Thermal Injury

2001 • 21 citations

Contribution of extrathymic γδ T cells to the expression of heat‐shock protein and to protective immunity in mice infected with Toxoplasma gondii

1996 • 20 citations

Improved Immune Functions with Administration of a Low-Fat Diet in a Burn Animal Model

2000 • 19 citations

Macrophage Activation Decreases Macrophage Prostaglandin E2 Release in Experimental Trauma

1989 • 19 citations

Signaling mechanisms of elevated neutrophil O 2 − generation after burn injury

1998 • 18 citations

Experience with polymicrobial sepsis in a regional burn unit

1993 • 18 citations

Suppressor Lyt 2+ T-cells demonstrated in mice late after thermal injury

1988 • 18 citations

Coordinate Induction of IKBαand NFKB Genes

1994 • 17 citations

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 and Splenocyte Apoptotic Cell Death After Burn Injuries

2000 • 17 citations

Clinical significance of the alterations of plasma prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in severely burned patients

1996 • 17 citations

Transforming Growth Factor-beta Impairs Postburn Immunoglobulin Production by Limiting B-Cell Proliferation, But Not Cellular Synthesis

1999 • 15 citations

The Role of Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate in the Suppression of Cellular Immunity After Thermal Injury

1994 • 15 citations

Primary Excision and Prompt Grafting as Routine Therapy for the Treatment of Thermal Burns in Children

1990 • 14 citations

Circulating factors contribute to elevation of intracellular cyclic-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate and depression of superoxide anion production in polymorphonuclear leukocytes following thermal injury

1992 • 10 citations

Effect of Two New Immunomodulators on Normal and Burn Injury Neutrophils and Macrophages

1987 • 7 citations

Insights into the Mechanism by Which Interferon-γ Improves Macrophage Function Following Hemorrhage and Resuscitation

1993 • 5 citations