INSIGHTS INTO PROTEIN FOLDING FROM NMR

Protein folding and association: Insights from the interfacial and thermodynamic properties of hydrocarbons

1991 • 5,267 citations

Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 1. Theory and range of validity

1982 • 3,662 citations

Model-free approach to the interpretation of nuclear magnetic resonance relaxation in macromolecules. 2. Analysis of experimental results

1982 • 1,800 citations

Protein Folding

1992 • 1,601 citations

Solution structure of a calmodulin-target peptide complex by multidimensional NMR

1992 • 1,258 citations

Protein Folding Intermediates: Native-State Hydrogen Exchange

1995 • 980 citations

β-turns in proteins

1977 • 960 citations

Structural characterization of folding intermediates in cytochrome c by H-exchange labelling and proton NMR

1988 • 823 citations

Formation of a Molten Globule Intermediate Early in the Kinetic Folding Pathway of Apomyoglobin

1993 • 735 citations

Folding of immunogenic peptide fragments of proteins in water solution

1988 • 735 citations

The folding of hen lysozyme involves partially structured intermediates and multiple pathways

1992 • 719 citations

Structural Characterization of a Partly Folded Apomyoglobin Intermediate

1990 • 708 citations

Sequential resonance assignments in protein 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectra

1982 • 585 citations

NMR evidence for an early framework intermediate on the folding pathway of ribonuclease A

1988 • 583 citations

Detection of Transient Protein Folding Populations by Mass Spectrometry

1993 • 547 citations

Defining Solution Conformations of Small Linear Peptides

1991 • 528 citations

A short linear peptide that folds into a native stable β-hairpin in aqueous solution

1994 • 516 citations

X-ray structure and refinement of carbon-monoxy (Fe II)-myoglobin at 1.5 Å resolution

1986 • 511 citations

Characterization of a partly folded protein by NMR methods: studies on the molten globule state of guinea pig .alpha.-lactalbumin

1989 • 473 citations

Conformation of peptide fragments of proteins in aqueous solution: implications for initiation of protein folding

1988 • 463 citations

NMR Determination of Residual Structure in a Urea-Denatured Protein, the 434-Repressor

1992 • 449 citations

Folding of immunogenic peptide fragments of proteins in water solution

1988 • 437 citations

The barriers in protein folding

1994 • 436 citations

PATHWAYS OF PROTEIN FOLDING

1993 • 435 citations

Folding of peptide fragments comprising the complete sequence of proteins

1992 • 391 citations

Protein Folding Studied Using Hydrogen-Exchange Labeling and Two-Dimensional NMR

1992 • 389 citations

Helix-coil transition of the isolated amino terminus of ribonuclease

1971 • 310 citations

Structural description of acid-denatured cytochrome c by hydrogen exchange and 2D NMR

1990 • 306 citations

Thermodynamic study of the apomyoglobin structure

1988 • 299 citations

Comparison of the Backbone Dynamics of a Folded and an Unfolded SH3 Domain Existing in Equilibrium in Aqueous Buffer

1995 • 299 citations

Kinetic Mechanism of Cytochrome c Folding: Involvement of the Heme and Its Ligands

1994 • 274 citations

A partially folded state of hen egg white lysozyme in trifluoroethanol: structural characterization and implications for protein folding

1993 • 264 citations

Compact Intermediate States in Protein Folding

1995 • 256 citations

A peptide model of a protein folding intermediate

1988 • 252 citations

Proton magnetic resonance spectra of proteins in random-coil configurations

1969 • 251 citations

Structure and dynamics of the acid-denatured molten globule state of .alpha.-lactalbumin: a two-dimensional NMR study

1993 • 248 citations

The NPXY internalization signal of the LDL receptor adopts a reverse-turn conformation

1991 • 246 citations

Demonstration by NMR of folding domains in lysozyme

1991 • 246 citations

Pulsed H/D-exchange studies of folding intermediates

1993 • 245 citations

NMR Study of the Cold, Heat, and Pressure Unfolding of Ribonuclease A

1995 • 229 citations

The immunodominant site of a synthetic immunogen has a conformational preference in water for a type-II reverse turn

1985 • 225 citations

Following protein folding in real time using NMR spectroscopy

1995 • 223 citations

Stable submolecular folding units in a non-compact form of cytochrome c

1991 • 220 citations

Early hydrogen-bonding events in the folding reaction of ubiquitin.

1992 • 220 citations

Submillisecond folding of monomeric lambda repressor.

1995 • 218 citations

Simulations of peptide conformational dynamics and thermodynamics

1993 • 212 citations

Detection and characterization of a folding intermediate in barnase by NMR

1990 • 212 citations

NMR evidence of a short linear peptide that folds into a .beta.-hairpin in aqueous solution

1993 • 196 citations

A helix stop signal in the isolated S-peptide of ribonuclease A

1984 • 189 citations

Early folding intermediate of ribonuclease A.

1990 • 180 citations

Structure and stability of the molten globule state of guinea pig .alpha.-lactalbumin: A hydrogen exchange study

1993 • 177 citations

Structural Characterization of the FK506 Binding Protein Unfolded in Urea and Guanidine Hydrochloride

1994 • 177 citations

Guanidinium Chloride Induction of Partial Unfolding in Amide Proton Exchange in RNase A

1993 • 176 citations

Peptide models of protein folding initiation sites. 1. Secondary structure formation by peptides corresponding to the G- and H-helixes of myoglobin

1993 • 175 citations

Folding of peptide fragments comprising the complete sequence of proteins

1992 • 168 citations

NMR Solution Structure of the Isolated N-Terminal Fragment of Protein-G B1 Domain. Evidence of Trifluoroethanol Induced Native-Like .beta.-Hairpin Formation

1994 • 168 citations

Structural Characterization of Folded and Unfolded States of an SH3 Domain in Equilibrium in Aqueous Buffer

1995 • 167 citations

Structure and Dynamics of a Denatured 131-Residue Fragment of Staphylococcal Nuclease: A Heteronuclear NMR Study

1994 • 158 citations

Characterization of a partially denatured state of a protein by two-dimensional NMR: reduction of the hydrophobic interactions in ubiquitin

1991 • 154 citations

Proton NMR studies of the solution conformations of an analog of the C-peptide of ribonuclease A

1989 • 154 citations

Direct NMR evidence for an intermediate preceding the rate-limiting step in the unfolding of ribonuclease A

1995 • 152 citations

Kinetics of Folding of the All-β Sheet Protein Interleukin-1β

1993 • 148 citations

Backbone Dynamics of a Highly Disordered 131 Residue Fragment of Staphylococcal Nuclease

1994 • 146 citations

Folding of a four-helix bundle: studies of acyl-coenzyme A binding protein

1995 • 144 citations

Folding of Protein G B1 Domain Studied by the Conformational Characterization of Fragments Comprising Its Secondary Structure Elements

1995 • 142 citations

Stabilization of a type VI turn in a family of linear peptides in water solution

1994 • 142 citations

Sequence-Corrected 15N "Random Coil" Chemical Shifts

1994 • 141 citations

A magnetization-transfer nuclear magnetic resonance study of the folding of staphylococcal nuclease

1989 • 133 citations

Hydrophobic clustering in nonnative states of a protein: Interpretation of chemical shifts in NMR spectra of denatured states of lysozyme

1991 • 132 citations

Hydrogen exchange in thermally denatured ribonuclease

1991 • 130 citations

Fast folding of a prototypic polypeptide: The immunoglobulin binding domain of streptococcal protein G

1994 • 125 citations

Structure and stability of a second molten globule intermediate in the apomyoglobin folding pathway.

1995 • 123 citations

Characterization of a Trifluoroethanol-induced Partially Folded State of α-Lactalbumin

1994 • 122 citations

Protein folding kinetics by combined use of rapid mixing techniques and NMR observation of individual amide protons

1986 • 121 citations

Local Structure Due to an Aromatic-Amide Interaction Observed by 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in Peptides Related to the N Terminus of Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor

1993 • 120 citations

Dissecting the Structure of a Partially Folded Protein

1993 • 119 citations

Local Conformations of Peptides Representing the Entire Sequence of Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor and Their Roles in Folding

1993 • 116 citations

Solubility of different folding conformers of bovine growth hormone

1988 • 114 citations

Structural and dynamic characterization of the urea denatured state of the immunoglobulin binding domain of streptococcal protein G by multidimensional heteronuclear NMR spectroscopy

1995 • 113 citations

Formation of a native‐like subdomain in a partially folded intermediate of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

1994 • 112 citations

Structural characterization of monellin in the alcohol-denatured state by NMR: Evidence for .beta.-sheet to .alpha.-helix conversion

1993 • 110 citations

Detection and characterization of an early folding intermediate of T4 lysozyme using pulsed hydrogen exchange and two-dimensional NMR

1992 • 107 citations

Three-dimensional structure of a type VI turn in a linear peptide in water solution Evidence for stacking of aromatic rings as a major stabilizing factor

1994 • 107 citations

Thermodynamics of Partly Folded Intermediates in Proteins

1995 • 106 citations

Partially Folded Conformation of the (30-51) Intermediate in the Disulphide Folding Pathway of Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor

1993 • 105 citations

[22] Structural characterization of protein folding intermediates by proton magnetic resonance and hydrogen exchange

1989 • 105 citations

Dynamic NMR spectral analysis and protein folding: identification of a highly populated folding intermediate of rat intestinal fatty acid-binding protein by 19F NMR.

1992 • 102 citations

Hydrogen exchange in native and alcohol forms of ubiquitin

1992 • 101 citations

Computer Simulations of Globular Protein Folding and Tertiary Structure

1989 • 97 citations

Amide Hydrogen Exchange in a Highly Denatured State

1994 • 94 citations

A noncovalent peptide complex as a model for an early folding intermediate of cytochrome c

1993 • 94 citations

Staphylococcal nuclease folding intermediate characterized by hydrogen exchange and NMR spectroscopy.

1994 • 94 citations

Heteronuclear three-dimensional NMR spectroscopy of a partially denatured protein: The A-state of human ubiquitin

1993 • 92 citations

An N-terminal fragment of barnase has residual helical structure similar to that in a refolding intermediate

1992 • 92 citations

Molten-globule conformation of Arc repressor monomers determined by high-pressure 1H NMR spectroscopy.

1993 • 89 citations

Characterization of a folding intermediate of apoplastocyanin trapped by proline isomerization

1993 • 88 citations

Chain-folding initiation structures in ribonuclease A: conformational analysis of trans-Ac-Asn-Pro-Tyr-NHMe and trans-Ac-Tyr-Pro-Asn-NHMe in water and in the solid state

1984 • 87 citations

Complete folding of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor with only a single disulfide bond.

1992 • 87 citations

Structural intermediates trapped during the folding of ribonuclease A by amide proton exchange

1980 • 86 citations

Peptide models of protein folding initiation sites. 3. The G-H helical hairpin of myoglobin

1993 • 85 citations

Structural comparison of apomyoglobin and metaquomyoglobin: pH titration of histidines by NMR spectroscopy

1992 • 82 citations

Structure and Stability of Monomeric .lambda. Repressor: NMR Evidence for Two-State Folding

1995 • 80 citations

Individual amide proton exchange rates in thermally unfolded basic pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

1985 • 79 citations

Surface amino acids as sites of temperature-sensitive folding mutations in the P22 tailspike protein.

1988 • 74 citations

Peptide models of protein folding initiation sites. 2. The G-H turn region of myoglobin acts as a helix stop signal

1993 • 73 citations

NMR and protein folding: Equilibrium and stopped‐flow studies

1993 • 73 citations

(14–38, 30–51) Double-disulphide intermediate in folding of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor: A two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study

1991 • 71 citations

Two-dimensional 1H nuclear magnetic resonance study of the (5–55) single-disulphide folding intermediate of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

1991 • 70 citations

Folding of a nascent polypeptide chain in vitro: cooperative formation of structure in a protein module.

1995 • 69 citations

Early intermediates in the folding of dihydrofolate reductase from escherichia coli detected by hydrogen exchange and NMR

1995 • 68 citations

Characterization of hydrophobic cores in apomyoglobin: a proton NMR spectroscopy study

1990 • 68 citations

Protein folding kinetics from magnetization transfer nuclear magnetic resonance

1984 • 65 citations

Toward solving the folding pathway of barnase: the complete backbone 13C, 15N, and 1H NMR assignments of its pH-denatured state.

1994 • 65 citations

Formation of a Hydrophobic Cluster in Denatured Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor

1994 • 62 citations

Complete ¹⁵ N and ¹ H NMR assignments for the amino-terminal domain of the phage 434 repressor in the urea-unfolded form

1992 • 60 citations

Equilibrium denaturation of recombinant human FK binding protein in urea

1993 • 59 citations

High-Pressure NMR Study of the Dissociation of Arc Repressor

1994 • 58 citations

Nuclear magnetic resonance evidence for a structural intermediate at an early stage in the refolding of ribonuclease A

1978 • 58 citations

Generation of a Family of Protein Fragments for Structure-Folding Studies. 1. Folding Complementation of Two Fragments of Chymotrypsin Inhibitor-2 Formed by Cleavage at Its Unique Methionine Residue

1994 • 56 citations

Partially folded, molten globule and molten coil states of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

1995 • 54 citations

Extensive nonrandom structure in reduced and unfolded bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor

1995 • 52 citations

Conformation of a T cell stimulating peptide in aqueous solution

1989 • 50 citations

NMR evidence for multiple conformations in a highly helical model peptide

1993 • 49 citations

1H NMR Analysis of the Partly-folded Non-native Two-disulphide Intermediates (30-51,5-14) and (30-51,5-38) in the Folding Pathway of Bovine Pancreatic Trypsin Inhibitor

1994 • 45 citations

Investigation of ribonuclease T1 folding intermediates by hydrogen-deuterium amide exchange-two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy

1993 • 45 citations

Additions and Corrections - Chain-Folding Initiation Structures in Ribonuclease A: Conformational Free Energy Calculations on Ac-Asn-Pro-Tyr-NHMe, Ac-Tyr-Pro-Asn-NHMe, and Related Peptides

1985 • 43 citations

Nature of the early folding intermediate of ribonuclease A

1995 • 42 citations

Characterizing protein folding intermediates

1991 • 42 citations

Differential Side Chain Hydration in a Linear Peptide Containing a Type VI Turn

1994 • 36 citations

Sequence replacements in the central β‐turn of plastocyanin

1996 • 36 citations

Structural studies of a folding intermediate of bovine pancreatic ribonuclease A by continuous recycled flow

1988 • 34 citations

Conformation and dynamics of an Fab'-bound peptide by isotope-edited NMR spectroscopy

1992 • 34 citations

Urea-induced unfolding of the .alpha. subunit of tryptophan synthase: One-dimensional proton NMR evidence for residual structure near histidine-92 at high denaturant concentration

1993 • 33 citations

Nuclear magnetic resonance studies of residual structure in thermally unfolded ribonuclease A

1975 • 31 citations

Temperature-jump NMR study of protein folding: Ribonuclease A at low pH

1991 • 30 citations

¹H,¹⁵N and¹³C NMR assignments of the 434 repressor fragments 1–63 and 44–63 unfolded in 7 M urea

1992 • 26 citations

Improved synthetic methods for the selective deuteration of aromatic amino acids: applications of selective protonation towards the identification of protein folding intermediates through nuclear magnetic resonance

1993 • 24 citations

Reduced tendency to form a .beta. turn in peptides from the P22 tailspike protein correlates with a temperature-sensitive folding defect

1990 • 23 citations

NMR analysis of staphylococcal nuclease thermal quench refolding kinetics

1993 • 23 citations

Novel method for NMR spectral correlation between the native and the denatured states of a protein. Application to ribonuclease A

1991 • 23 citations

Secondary structural features of modules M2 and M3 of barnase in solution by NMR experiment and distance geometry calculation

1993 • 22 citations

THE H-HELIX OF MYOGLOBIN AS A POTENTIAL INDEPENDENT PROTEIN FOLDING DOMAIN

1990 • 8 citations

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1995 • 6 citations

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1995 • 2 citations