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The role of adrenocorticoids as modulators of immune function in health and disease: neural, endocrine and immune interactions

Data up to Jan 2025

Published1997
Citations827
References449
Clinical Trials (1)

Total Citations Per Year

Abstract

References (449)

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1983 • 360 citations

Short Papers

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Less Mortality but More Relapses in Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis in CD8 -/- Mice

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Role of CD8 + T Cells in Murine Experimental Allergic Encephalomyelitis

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Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations. I. Redistribution of circulating T and b lymphocytes to the bone marrow.

1975 • 345 citations

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Human lymphocyte subpopulations. Effect of corticosteroids.

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Alternate-Day Prednisone

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Glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis of human leukemic cells is caused by the repressive function of the glucocorticoid receptor.

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Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy on Human Monocyte Function

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Susceptibility Rhythm to E. coli Endotoxin and Bioassay.

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In vivo biologic and immunohistochemical analysis of interleukin-1 alpha, beta and tumor necrosis factor during experimental endotoxemia. Kinetics, Kupffer cell expression, and glucocorticoid effects.

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Immunological changes in young and old adults during brief laboratory stress.

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Coexpression of T4 and T8 on peripheral blood T cells demonstrated by two-color fluorescence flow cytometry.

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Diurnal and Acute Stress-Induced Changes in Distribution of Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Subpopulations

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Tumor Rejection in Rats After Inescapable or Escapable Shock

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Glucocorticoid receptor-mediated suppression of the interleukin 2 gene expression through impairment of the cooperativity between nuclear factor of activated T cells and AP-1 enhancer elements.

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Glucocorticoid-induced inhibition of T cell growth factor production. II. The effect on the in vitro generation of cytolytic T cells.

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Stress increases metastatic spread of a mammary tumor in rats: Evidence for mediation by the immune system

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1981 • 242 citations

Stress depresses interferon production by leukocytes concomitant with a decrease in natural killer cell activity.

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Perceived social support and tumor estrogen/progesterone receptor status as predictors of natural killer cell activity in breast cancer patients.

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The effect of Hydrocortisone on the kinetics of normal human lymphocytes

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Stress and Immune Function in Humans

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Activation of the glucocorticoid-receptor complex

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Paradoxical effects of adrenal steroids on the brain: Protection versus degeneration

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CD4+ subset regulation in viral infection. Preferential activation of Th2 cells during progression of retrovirus-induced immunodeficiency in mice.

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An assessment of the effects of glucocorticoids on degranulation, chemotaxis, binding to vascular endothelium and formation of leukotriene B4 by purified human neutrophils.

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Rescue of thymocytes and T cell hybridomas from glucocorticoid‐induced apoptosis by stimulation via the T cell receptor/CD3 complex: a possible in vitro model for positive selection of the T cell repertoire

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Stress depresses interferon production by leukocytes concomitant with a decrease in natural killer cell activity.

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In vitro alteration of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide changes the in vivo localization of mouse T cells.

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Characterization of Rat Brain Aldosterone Receptors Reveals High Affinity for Corticosterone

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Protection against acute lethal viral infections with the native steroid dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

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Steroid Hormone Receptors and the Nucleus*

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Endogenous glucocorticoids restrain catecholamine synthesis and release at rest and during immobilization stress in rats.

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Endogenous cortisol: A regulator of the number of lymphocytes in peripheral blood

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Glucocorticoids increase the synthesis of immunoglobulin E by interleukin 4-stimulated human lymphocytes.

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1978 • 173 citations

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Thymus-Derived Lymphocytes Sequestered in the Bone Marrow of Hydrocortisone-Treated Mice

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Mechanisms of corticosteroid action on lymphocyte subpopulations

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Hydrocortisne resistance of graft vs host activity in mouse thymus, spleen and bone marrow.

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IL-4 and IL-2 selectively rescue Th cell subsets from glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis.

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Negative regulation of interleukin 2 transcription by the glucocorticoid receptor.

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Glucocorticoid-mediated control of the activation and clonal deletion of peripheral T cells in vivo.

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Human Lymphocyte Subpopulations

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Inhibition of eicosanoid biosynthesis by glucocorticoids in humans.

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Glucocorticoid inhibition of lymphokine secretion by alloreactive T lymphocyte clones.

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Intracerebroventricular infusion of interleukin 1 rapidly decreases peripheral cellular immune responses.

1989 • 150 citations

Human gamma interferon increases the binding of T lymphocytes to endothelial cells.

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Programmed cell death of T lymphocytes during acute viral infection: a mechanism for virus-induced immune deficiency

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Cellular immunity after intravenous administration of methylprednisolone.

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Evidence that shock-induced immune suppression is mediated by adrenal hormones and peripheral β-adrenergic receptors

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Expression of interleukin 2, interferon-gamma, and the IL 2 receptor by human peripheral blood lymphocytes.

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Mechanisms of stress-induced modulation of viral pathogenesis and immunity

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Mechanism of Surgical Stress Impairment of Human Perioperative Natural Killer Cell Cytotoxicity

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Cloned suppressor T cells from a lepromatous leprosy patient suppress Mycobacterium leprae reactive helper T cells

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Glucocorticoids suppress the production of interleukin 4 by human lymphocytes

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Norepinephrine and the antibody response.

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THE EFFECT OF GLUCOCORTICOSTEROIDS ON THE PROLIFERATION AND KINETICS OF PROMONOCYTES AND MONOCYTES OF THE BONE MARROW

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Stress-induced suppression of herpes simplex virus (HSV)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte and natural killer cell activity and enhancement of acute pathogenesis following local HSV infection

1991 • 135 citations

Concurrent production of interleukin-2, interleukin-10, and gamma interferon in the regional lymph nodes of mice with influenza pneumonia

1994 • 134 citations

Regulation of transforming growth factor-beta 1 gene expression by glucocorticoids in normal human T lymphocytes.

1991 • 133 citations

Experimental Models for Understanding B Lymphocyte Formation

1987 • 132 citations

Intracerebral cytokine mRNA expression during fatal and nonfatal alphavirus encephalitis suggests a predominant type 2 T cell response.

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Increased Susceptibility to Herpes Simplex in Mice Subjected to Avoidance-Learning Stress or Restraint.

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Inhibition by cortisol of human natural killer (NK) cell activity

1987 • 130 citations

The Affect of Hopelessness and the Development of Cancer

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Central nervous system influences on lymphocyte migration

1992 • 128 citations

Thymocyte apoptosis induced by elevated endogenous corticosterone levels

1994 • 126 citations

Diurnal differences in basal and acute stress levels of type I and type II adrenal steroid receptor activation in neural and immune tissues.

1993 • 126 citations

Accumulation of adoptively transferred adherent, lymphokine-activated killer cells in murine metastases.

1991 • 124 citations

Evidence for the role of natural immunity in the control of metastatic spread of head and neck cancer

1987 • 123 citations

Direct suppression of natural killer activity in human peripheral blood leukocyte cultures by glucocorticoids and its modulation by interferon.

1983 • 121 citations

Cytolytic T Lymphocytes

1983 • 119 citations

Studies of the bioperiodicity of the immune response. II. Co-variations of murine T and B cells and a role of corticosteroid.

1981 • 118 citations

The Swedish childhood diabetes study: indications of severe psychological stress as a risk factor for Type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in childhood

1991 • 117 citations

Differential activation of adrenal steroid receptors in neural and immune tissues of Sprague Dawley, Fischer 344, and Lewis rats

1995 • 116 citations

Stress and Immune Responses III. Effect of Restraint Stress on Delayed Type Hypersensitivity (DTH) Response, Natural Killer (NK) Activity and Phagocytosis in Mice

1986 • 114 citations

Circadian rhythmicity of human plasma cortisol and PHA-induced lymphocyte transformation.

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A MAP OF BLOOD AND URINARY CHANGES RELATED TO CIRCADIAN VARIATIONS IN ADRENAL CORTICAL FUNCTION IN NORMAL SUBJECTS

1962 • 110 citations

THE REVERSIBILITY OF CERTAIN RHEUMATIC AND NONRHEUMATIC CONDITIONS BY THE USE OF CORTISONE OR OF THE PITUITARY ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE

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Review of the effects of stress on cancer in laboratory animals: Importance of time of stress application and type of tumor.

1985 • 109 citations

The migration of lymphocytes across specialized vascular endothelium

1982 • 108 citations

Sex and strain differences in the circadian rhythm fluctuation of endocrine and immune function in the rat: implications for rodent models of autoimmune disease

1991 • 108 citations

Inhibition of O2- generation by dexamethasone is mimicked by lipocortin I in alveolar macrophages.

1989 • 108 citations

Interferon induces peripheral lymphadenopathy in mice.

1981 • 107 citations

CHANGES IN CONNECTIVE TISSUE REACTION INDUCED BY CORTISONE

1952 • 105 citations

Cerebral expression of multiple cytokine genes in mice with lymphocytic choriomeningitis.

1994 • 103 citations

Surgical stress impairs natural killer cell programming of tumor for lysis in patients with sarcomas and other solid tumors

1992 • 102 citations

Interleukin 2-induced proliferation of murine natural killer cells in vivo.

1990 • 102 citations

Immunosuppressive and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Glucocorticoids

1979 • 101 citations

Enhancement of Antigen-Specific Humoral and Cell-Mediated Immunity by Electric Footshock Stress in Rats

1993 • 99 citations

Influence of stressor predictability and behavioral control on lymphocyte reactivity, antibody responses and neuroendocrine activation in rats

1988 • 99 citations

Vulnerability to Stress-Induced Tumor Growth Increases with Age in Rats: Role of Glucocorticoids*

1985 • 98 citations

The Developmental Biology Of T Lymphocytes

1988 • 98 citations

Early environmental programming hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses to stress

1994 • 97 citations

Substance P: a late-acting B lymphocyte differentiation cofactor

1992 • 97 citations

Nuclear binding of glucocorticoid receptors: Relations between cytosol binding, activation and the biological response

1980 • 97 citations

Effect of Dexamethasone on Prostaglandin Synthesis and on Lipocortin Status in Human Endothelial Cells

1989 • 95 citations

Interleukin 1: a regulatory role in glucocorticoid-regulated hepatic metabolism.

1986 • 95 citations

Binding of [125I]corticotropin releasing factor to blood immunocytes and its reduction in Alzheimer's disease

1988 • 95 citations

Stress-induced modulation of the primary cellular immune response to herpes simplex virus infection is mediated by both adrenal-dependent and independent mechanisms

1993 • 95 citations

Neuroanatomy of lymphoid tissue: a review.

1985 • 95 citations

Stress and cancer: The state of the art

1981 • 94 citations

Effects of six different cytokines on lymphocyte adherence to microvascular endothelium and in vivo lymphocyte migration in the rat.

1990 • 94 citations

Primary Cortisol Resistance Accompanied by a Reduction in Glucocorticoid Receptors in Two Members of the Same Family*

1985 • 93 citations

Suppression of specific antibody production by inescapable shock: Stability under varying conditions

1988 • 93 citations

Biosynthesis and surface expression of T8 by peripheral blood T4+ cells in vitro.

1986 • 92 citations

Kinetics of glucocorticoid response to restraint stress and/or experimental influenza viral infection in two inbred strains of mice

1994 • 92 citations

Heat shock induces translocation to the nucleus of the unliganded glucocorticoid receptor.

1992 • 89 citations

Adrenal steroid receptor binding in spleen and thymus after stress or dexamethasone.

1990 • 89 citations

Shock-induced modulation of lymphocyte reactivity: Suppression, habituation, and recovery

1987 • 88 citations

EMOTIONS AND IMMUNITY

1969 • 88 citations

Immunomodulatory effects of corticosteroids on natural killer and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxic activities of human lymphocytes.

1984 • 86 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus glycoprotein (gp120) infused into rat brain induces interleukin 1 to elevate pituitary-adrenal activity and decrease peripheral cellular immune responses.

1991 • 86 citations

Cytokine network and acute primary HIV-1 infection

1993 • 86 citations

The systemic influence of recombinant interleukin 2 on the manifestations of lepromatous leprosy.

1991 • 85 citations

Cholinergic receptors of lymphocytes

1989 • 84 citations

Stress-induced occupancy and translocation of hippocampal glucocorticoid receptors

1988 • 83 citations

Behavioral and neural influences on cellular immune responses: effects of stress and interleukin-1.

1989 • 83 citations

Thymus-derived lymphocytes and hydrocortisone: Identification of subsets of theta-bearing cells and redistribution to bone marrow

1972 • 82 citations

Inhibition of Macrophage Differentiation and Function by Cortisol

1990 • 82 citations

Interleukin 1 beta mediates stress-induced immunosuppression via corticotropin-releasing factor.

1992 • 81 citations

Stress-induced effects on cell-mediated innate and adaptive memory components of the murine immune response to herpes simplex virus infection

1991 • 81 citations

Consequences of restraint stress on natural killer cell activity, behavior, and hormone levels in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)

1993 • 80 citations

A role for transforming growth factor-beta 1 in regulating natural killer cell and T lymphocyte proliferative responses during acute infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus.

1991 • 80 citations

Endogenous blood levels of corticosterone control the immunologic cell mass and B cell activity in mice.

1984 • 79 citations

Effects of a low-fat diet on brain serotonergic responsivity in cynomolgus monkeys

1992 • 79 citations

Killing of immature CD4+CD8+ thymocytes in vivo by anti‐CD3 or 5′‐(N‐ethyl)‐carboxamido‐adenosine is blocked by glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU‐486

1993 • 79 citations

Shock-induced modulation of lymphocyte responsiveness and natural killer activity: Differential mechanisms of induction

1988 • 77 citations

Modification of the murine immune system by glucocorticosteroids: Alterations of the tissue localization properties of circulating lymphocytes

1986 • 77 citations

The effects of ACTH, adrenalectomy and dexamethasone on the acquisition of an avoidance response in rats

1970 • 77 citations

Correlation between glucocorticoid receptor and cytolytic response of murine lymphoid cell lines.

1979 • 76 citations

Effects of Newcastle disease virus administration to mice on the metabolism of cerebral biogenic amines, plasma corticosterone, and lymphocyte proliferation

1987 • 75 citations

Disruption of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical system in transgenic mice expressing type II glucocorticoid receptor antisense ribonucleic acid permanently impairs T cell function: effects on T cell trafficking and T cell responsiveness during postnatal development.

1995 • 75 citations

Restraint stress differentially affects the pathogenesis of an experimental influenza viral infection in three inbred strains of mice

1993 • 74 citations

Prolonged increase of corticosterone secretion by chronic social stress does not necessarily impair immune funnctions

1992 • 73 citations

Early effects of corticosteroids on basophils, leukocyte histamine, and tissue histamine

1979 • 73 citations

Mechanism of glucocorticoid-induced increase in insulin receptors of cultured human lymphocytes.

1982 • 72 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta expression and natural killer cell responses during virus infection of normal, nude, and SCID mice.

1993 • 72 citations

Thymus-dependent and -independent regulation of Ia antigen expression in situ by cells in the synovium of rats with streptococcal cell wall-induced arthritis. Differences in site and intensity of expression in euthymic, athymic, and cyclosporin A-treated LEW and F344 rats.

1987 • 72 citations

Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus: pathogenesis of acute central nervous system disease.

1971 • 72 citations

Cytokine cross‐talk between phagocytic cells and lymphocytes: Relevance for differentiation/activation of phagocytic cells and regulation of adaptive immunity

1993 • 72 citations

Delayed-type hypersensitivity to influenza virus. Induction of antigen-specific suppressor T cells for delayed-type hypersensitivity to hemagglutinin during influenza virus infection in mice.

1980 • 71 citations

Effect of Stress on Skin Transplantation Immunity in Mice

1960 • 71 citations

The role of natural killer cells and interferon in resistance to acute infection of mice with herpes simplex virus type 1.

1986 • 69 citations

Effect of interferon on thoracic duct lymphocyte output: induction with either poly I:poly C or vaccinia virus.

1983 • 68 citations

Decreased herpes simplex viral immunity and enhanced pathogenesis following stressor administration in mice

1992 • 68 citations

Changes in lymphocyte β-adrenergic receptor density and noradrenaline content of the spleen are early indicators of immune reactivity in acute experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in the Lewis rat

1989 • 68 citations

Modulation of the immune response by emotional stress

1987 • 67 citations

Inhibition of pituitary-adrenal activity as a consequence of consummatory behavior

1979 • 67 citations

Hormone specific regulation of natural killer cells by cortisol Direct inactivation of the cytotoxic function of cloned human NK cells without an effect on cellular proliferation

1991 • 67 citations

Stress and cancer: The state of the art Part 1

1980 • 67 citations

Physiologic and psychobehavioral research in oncology

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Natural Effector Cells in Influenza Virus Infection

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The Source and Distribution of Autonomic Nervous System Nerves and Receptors within the Thymus Gland

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Identification and Enrichment of Proteolytic Enzymes of IL-2 Activated Rat Natural Killer (A-NK) Cells: Potential Physiological Roles in NK Cell Function

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Effects of Acute and Chronic Stress upon Lymphocyte Blastogenesis in Mice and Humans

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