The molecular biology of the SIR proteins

Transcriptional silencing and longevity protein Sir2 is an NAD-dependent histone deacetylase

2000 • 3,355 citations

Methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 creates a binding site for HP1 proteins

2001 • 2,746 citations

Mammalian Telomeres End in a Large Duplex Loop

1999 • 2,372 citations

The SIR2/3/4 complex and SIR2 alone promote longevity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by two different mechanisms

1999 • 2,199 citations

Increased dosage of a sir-2 gene extends lifespan in Caenorhabditis elegans

2001 • 1,892 citations

AAA⁺: A Class of Chaperone-Like ATPases Associated with the Assembly, Operation, and Disassembly of Protein Complexes

1999 • 1,793 citations

Requirement of NAD and SIR2 for Life-Span Extension by Calorie Restriction in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2000 • 1,756 citations

The two-hybrid system: a method to identify and clone genes for proteins that interact with a protein of interest.

1991 • 1,489 citations

Extrachromosomal rDNA Circles— A Cause of Aging in Yeast

1997 • 1,477 citations

Phylogenetic Classification of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Sir2-like Proteins

2000 • 1,360 citations

The silencing protein SIR2 and its homologs are NAD-dependent protein deacetylases

2000 • 946 citations

Transcriptional silencing in yeast is associated with reduced nucleosome acetylation.

1993 • 795 citations

Characterization of Five Human cDNAs with Homology to the Yeast SIR2 Gene: Sir2-like Proteins (Sirtuins) Metabolize NAD and May Have Protein ADP-Ribosyltransferase Activity

1999 • 781 citations

Histone H3 and H4 N-termini interact with SIR3 and SIR4 proteins: A molecular model for the formation of heterochromatin in yeast

1995 • 778 citations

Sir2 links chromatin silencing, metabolism, and aging

2000 • 725 citations

Exit from Mitosis Is Triggered by Tem1-Dependent Release of the Protein Phosphatase Cdc14 from Nucleolar RENT Complex

1999 • 720 citations

Four Genes Responsible for a Position Effect on Expression From HML and HMR in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1987 • 709 citations

A phylogenetically conserved NAD ⁺ -dependent protein deacetylase activity in the Sir2 protein family

2000 • 703 citations

Iterated profile searches with PSI-BLAST—a tool for discovery in protein databases

1998 • 682 citations

SIR2 and SIR4 interactions differ in core and extended telomeric heterochromatin in yeast.

1997 • 673 citations

Rad6-Dependent Ubiquitination of Histone H2B in Yeast

2000 • 662 citations

Purification and cloning of a DNA binding protein from yeast that binds to both silencer and activator elements

1987 • 637 citations

Components of the Ku-dependent non-homologous end-joining pathway are involved in telomeric length maintenance and telomeric silencing

1998 • 636 citations

An unusual form of transcriptional silencing in yeast ribosomal DNA.

1997 • 590 citations

A replication fork barrier at the 3′ end of yeast ribosomal RNA genes

1988 • 555 citations

A new role for a yeast transcriptional silencer gene, SIR2, in regulation of recombination in ribosomal DNA

1989 • 550 citations

Evidence that a complex of SIR proteins interacts with the silencer and telomere-binding protein RAP1.

1994 • 547 citations

Silent information regulator 2 family of NAD- dependent histone/protein deacetylases generates a unique product, 1- O- acetyl-ADP-ribose

2000 • 541 citations

The RCAF complex mediates chromatin assembly during DNA replication and repair

1999 • 539 citations

A novel genetic system to detect protein-protein interactions

1991 • 532 citations

Spreading of transcriptional represser SIR3 from telomeric heterochromatin

1996 • 523 citations

A Protein-Counting Mechanism for Telomere Length Regulation in Yeast

1997 • 514 citations

Crystal structure of a nucleosome core particle containing the variant histone H2A.Z.

2000 • 513 citations

Perinuclear localization of chromatin facilitates transcriptional silencing

1998 • 466 citations

Silent domains are assembled continuously from the telomere and are defined by promoter distance and strength, and by SIR3 dosage.

1993 • 463 citations

Relocalization of Telomeric Ku and SIR Proteins in Response to DNA Strand Breaks in Yeast

1999 • 458 citations

Identification of High-Copy Disruptors of Telomeric Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1998 • 452 citations

Extremely conserved histone H4 N terminus is dispensable for growth but essential for repressing the silent mating loci in yeast

1988 • 441 citations

Yeast Ku as a Regulator of Chromosomal DNA End Structure

1998 • 432 citations

Genomewide studies of histone deacetylase function in yeast

2000 • 415 citations

Elimination of Replication Block Protein Fob1 Extends the Life Span of Yeast Mother Cells

1999 • 398 citations

SIR3 and SIR4 proteins are required for the positioning and integrity of yeast telomeres

1993 • 392 citations

An Enzymatic Activity in the Yeast Sir2 Protein that Is Essential for Gene Silencing

1999 • 388 citations

Net1, a Sir2-Associated Nucleolar Protein Required for rDNA Silencing and Nucleolar Integrity

1999 • 383 citations

Ultraviolet radiation sensitivity and reduction of telomeric silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells lacking chromatin assembly factor-I.

1997 • 382 citations

Transcriptional silencing of Ty1 elements in the RDN1 locus of yeast.

1997 • 376 citations

Redistribution of Silencing Proteins from Telomeres to the Nucleolus Is Associated with Extension of Life Span in S. cerevisiae

1997 • 371 citations

Organization of replication of ribosomal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1988 • 369 citations

Genetic evidence for an interaction between SIR3 and histone H4 in the repression of the silent mating loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1990 • 350 citations

Structure of the histone deacetylase SIRT2.

2001 • 349 citations

Mutation of yeast Ku genes disrupts the subnuclear organization of telomeres

1998 • 345 citations

A yeast silencer contains sequences that can promote autonomous plasmid replication and transcriptional activation

1987 • 332 citations

MEC1-Dependent Redistribution of the Sir3 Silencing Protein from Telomeres to DNA Double-Strand Breaks

1999 • 332 citations

Silencing factors participate in DNA repair and recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1997 • 330 citations

Identification and characterization of genes and mutants for an N-terminal acetyltransferase from yeast.

1989 • 325 citations

Re-SET-ting heterochromatin by histone methyltransferases

2001 • 306 citations

Cloning and characterization of four SIR genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1986 • 305 citations

Crystal Structure of a SIR2 Homolog–NAD Complex

2001 • 301 citations

PROSITE: recent developments.

1994 • 287 citations

RAP1 and telomere structure regulate telomere position effects in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1993 • 283 citations

Direct evidence for SIR2 modulation of chromatin structure in yeast rDNA

1997 • 280 citations

Histone Ubiquitination and Chromatin Remodeling in Mouse Spermatogenesis

1999 • 279 citations

Role of interactions between the origin recognition complex and SIR1 in transcriptional silencing

1996 • 273 citations

Evidence for silencing compartments within the yeast nucleus: a role for telomere proximity and Sir protein concentration in silencer-mediated repression.

1996 • 270 citations

The multidomain structure of Orc1 p reveals similarity to regulators of DNA replication and transcriptional silencing

1995 • 259 citations

Role of NAD+ in the Deacetylase Activity of the SIR2-like Proteins

2000 • 251 citations

Coupling of histone deacetylation to NAD breakdown by the yeast silencing protein Sir2: Evidence for acetyl transfer from substrate to an NAD breakdown product

2000 • 245 citations

Coordinate Binding of ATP and Origin DNA Regulates the ATPase Activity of the Origin Recognition Complex

1997 • 243 citations

SET1, A Yeast Member of theTrithoraxFamily, Functions in Transcriptional Silencing and Diverse Cellular Processes

1997 • 238 citations

Localization of Sir2p: the nucleolus as a compartment for silent information regulators

1997 • 236 citations

Silencers and Domains of Generalized Repression

1994 • 233 citations

Structure and Function of Cdc6/Cdc18

2000 • 228 citations

A Deubiquitinating Enzyme Interacts with SIR4 and Regulates Silencing in S. cerevisiae

1996 • 228 citations

Histone H3 amino terminus is required for telomeric and silent mating locus repression in yeast

1994 • 227 citations

A Genetic Screen for Ribosomal DNA Silencing Defects Identifies Multiple DNA Replication and Chromatin-Modulating Factors

1999 • 227 citations

Telomere-proximal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is refractory to methyltransferase activity in vivo.

1992 • 227 citations

Silent information regulator protein complexes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae : A SIR2/SIR4 complex and evidence for a regulatory domain in SIR4 that inhibits its interaction with SIR3

1997 • 211 citations

Regulation of transcription in expressed and unexpressed mating type cassettes of yeast

1981 • 210 citations

Targeting of SIR1 protein establishes transcriptional silencing at HM loci and telomeres in yeast

1993 • 207 citations

Sum1 and Hst1 repress middle sporulation-specific gene expression during mitosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1999 • 204 citations

Nucleotide-Dependent Prereplicative Complex Assembly by Cdc6p, a Homolog of Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic Clamp-Loaders

1998 • 202 citations

Acetylation of TAFI68, a subunit of TIF-IB/SL1, activates RNA polymerase I transcription

2001 • 200 citations

Action of a RAP1 carboxy-terminal silencing domain reveals an underlying competition between HMR and telomeres in yeast.

1995 • 196 citations

Chromatin assembly factor I contributes to the maintenance, but not the re-establishment, of silencing at the yeast silent mating loci

1998 • 196 citations

Role of yeast SIR genes and mating type in directing DNA double-strand breaks to homologous and non-homologous repair paths

1999 • 195 citations

Active genes in budding yeast display enhanced in vivo accessibility to foreign DNA methylases: a novel in vivo probe for chromatin structure of yeast.

1992 • 188 citations

Activation of Replication Origins within Yeast Chromosomes

1991 • 185 citations

The carboxy termini of Sir4 and Rap1 affect Sir3 localization: evidence for a multicomponent complex required for yeast telomeric silencing.

1995 • 180 citations

Role for the Silencing Protein Dot1 in Meiotic Checkpoint Control

2000 • 174 citations

Notes: Point Mutations in the Yeast Histone H4 Gene Prevent Silencing of the Silent Mating Type Locus HML

1990 • 168 citations

A cytosolic NAD-dependent deacetylase, Hst2p, can modulate nucleolar and telomeric silencing in yeast

2001 • 163 citations

Functional analysis of 150 deletion mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by a systematic approach

1999 • 160 citations

Distribution of a Limited Sir2 Protein Pool Regulates the Strength of Yeast rDNA Silencing and Is Modulated by Sir4p

1998 • 160 citations

Silenced Chromatin Is Permissive to Activator Binding and PIC Recruitment

2001 • 159 citations

Enzymatic activities of Sir2 and chromatin silencing

2001 • 158 citations

Passage through stationary phase advances replicative aging in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1999 • 158 citations

A Histone Variant, Htz1p, and a Sir1p-like Protein, Esc2p, Mediate Silencing at HMR

2000 • 155 citations

Effects of Mutations in DNA Repair Genes on Formation of Ribosomal DNA Circles and Life Span in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1999 • 153 citations

A Major Conformational Change in p97 AAA ATPase upon ATP Binding

2000 • 152 citations

High-Resolution Structural Analysis of Chromatin at Specific Loci: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Silent Mating-Type Locus HMRa

1999 • 146 citations

CobB, a New Member of the SIR2 Family of Eucaryotic Regulatory Proteins, Is Required to Compensate for the Lack of Nicotinate Mononucleotide:5,6-Dimethylbenzimidazole Phosphoribosyltransferase Activity in cobT Mutants during Cobalamin Biosynthesis in Salmonella typhimurium LT2

1998 • 146 citations

Yeast Ku protein plays a direct role in telomeric silencing and counteracts inhibition by Rif proteins

1999 • 141 citations

Yeast heterochromatin is a dynamic structure that requires silencers continuously

2000 • 136 citations

Characterization of a human gene with sequence homology to Saccharomyces cerevisiae SIR2

1999 • 130 citations

The yeast Cac1 protein is required for the stable inheritance of transcriptionally repressed chromatin at telomeres

1997 • 127 citations

The Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme Rad6 (Ubc2) Is Required for Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1997 • 126 citations

Sir Proteins, Rif Proteins, and Cdc13p Bind Saccharomyces Telomeres In Vivo

1998 • 126 citations

Establishment of Transcriptional Silencing in the Absence of DNA Replication

2001 • 125 citations

DNA Replication-Independent Silencing in S. cerevisiae

2001 • 124 citations

Telomere Folding Is Required for the Stable Maintenance of Telomere Position Effects in Yeast

2000 • 123 citations

UbcD1, a Drosophila ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme required for proper telomere behavior.

1997 • 122 citations

The Unstable F-box Protein p58-Ctf13 Forms the Structural Core of the CBF3 Kinetochore Complex

1999 • 118 citations

DNA damage triggers disruption of telomeric silencing and Mec1p-dependent relocation of Sir3p

1999 • 115 citations

High-Resolution Structural Analysis of Chromatin at Specific Loci: Saccharomyces cerevisiae Silent Mating Type Locus HMLα

1998 • 112 citations

Point mutations in the yeast histone H4 gene prevent silencing of the silent mating type locus HML.

1990 • 108 citations

Functional domains of SIR4, a gene required for position effect regulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

1987 • 105 citations

Interaction between Set1p and checkpoint protein Mec3p in DNA repair and telomere functions

1999 • 98 citations

Telomeric chromatin: replicating and wrapping up chromosome ends

2001 • 95 citations

The Orc4p and Orc5p Subunits of the Xenopus and Human Origin Recognition Complex Are Related to Orc1p and Cdc6p

1998 • 94 citations

The SIR1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and its role as an extragenic suppressor of several mating-defective mutants.

1991 • 94 citations

A Region of the Sir1 Protein Dedicated to Recognition of a Silencer and Required for Interaction with the Orc1 Protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1999 • 93 citations

Sir2p exists in two nucleosome-binding complexes with distinct deacetylase activities

2001 • 93 citations

The Dynamics of Yeast Telomeres and Silencing Proteins through the Cell Cycle

2000 • 88 citations

A Novel Form of Transcriptional Silencing by Sum1-1 Requires Hst1 and the Origin Recognition Complex

2001 • 87 citations

The Sir2 protein family: A novel deacetylase for gene silencing and more

2000 • 83 citations

DNA in Transcriptionally Silent Chromatin Assumes a Distinct Topology That Is Sensitive to Cell Cycle Progression

1997 • 82 citations

Transcription Factor UAF, Expansion and Contraction of Ribosomal DNA (rDNA) Repeats, and RNA Polymerase Switch in Transcription of Yeast rDNA

1999 • 82 citations

A Polymerase Switch in the Synthesis of rRNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1995 • 79 citations

Two paralogs involved in transcriptional silencing that antagonistically control yeast life span

2000 • 78 citations

Locus specificity determinants in the multifunctional yeast silencing protein Sir2

2000 • 75 citations

Activation of an MAP kinase cascade leads to Sir3p hyperphosphorylation and strengthens transcriptional silencing.

1996 • 73 citations

Tethered Sir3p Nucleates Silencing at Telomeres and Internal Loci in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1996 • 73 citations

RNA polymerase switch in transcription of yeast rDNA: Role of transcription factor UAF (upstream activation factor) in silencing rDNA transcription by RNA polymerase II

1999 • 67 citations

Net Results of Nucleolar Dynamics

1999 • 66 citations

The Yeast Silent Information Regulator Sir4p Anchors and Partitions Plasmids

1997 • 62 citations

Cloning and Characterization of Two Mouse Genes with Homology to the Yeast Sir2 Gene

2000 • 61 citations

Persistence of an alternate chromatin structure at silenced loci in the absence of silencers

1998 • 60 citations

DOT4 Links Silencing and Cell Growth in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1999 • 60 citations

Turning telomeres off and on

2001 • 60 citations

Interaction of the yeast RAD7 and SIR3 proteins: implications for DNA repair and chromatin structure.

1994 • 51 citations

The Dose of a Putative Ubiquitin-Specific Protease Affects Position-Effect Variegation in Drosophila melanogaster

1996 • 51 citations

Identification of a Member of a DNA-Dependent ATPase Family That Causes Interference with Silencing

1997 • 48 citations

Leishmania major: Cell type dependent distribution of a 43 kDa antigen related to silent information regulatory‐2 protein family

1998 • 46 citations

Two Classes of sir3 Mutants Enhance the sir1 Mutant Mating Defect and Abolish Telomeric Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2000 • 45 citations

SIR repression of a yeast heat shock gene: UAS and TATA footprints persist within heterochromatin

1999 • 42 citations

Functional Characterization of the N Terminus of Sir3p

1998 • 41 citations

Silent chromatin in yeast: an orchestrated medley featuring Sir3p

1998 • 39 citations

Deciphering NAD-Dependent Deacetylases

2001 • 37 citations

Sif2p interacts with the Sir4p amino-terminal domain and antagonizes telomeric silencing in yeast

1998 • 35 citations

Targeting Sir Proteins to Sites of Action: A General Mechanism for Regulated Repression

1998 • 34 citations

The Sir1 protein's association with a silenced chromosome domain

2001 • 33 citations

The ZDS1 and ZDS2 proteins require the Sir3p component of yeast silent chromatin to enhance the stability of short linear centromeric plasmids

1999 • 28 citations

Telomerase, Ku, and telomeric silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1998 • 26 citations

Sir3p Domains Involved in the Initiation of Telomeric Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1998 • 24 citations

Functional analyses of mammalian protein kinase C isozymes in budding yeast and mammalian fibroblasts

1997 • 21 citations

Identification of a Novel Allele of SIR3 Defective in the Maintenance, but Not the Establishment, of Silencing in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2000 • 18 citations

Telomeres, not the end of the story

1997 • 13 citations

Telomere-based neo-Darwinian selection of yeast clonal subpopulations

2000 • 3 citations