Immunomodulators and delivery systems for vaccination by mucosal routes

Immunobiology of Dendritic Cells

2000 • 6,653 citations

A Toll-like receptor recognizes bacterial DNA

2000 • 6,348 citations

The expanding universe of T-cell subsets: Th1, Th2 and more

1996 • 3,710 citations

Innate Immunity: The Virtues of a Nonclonal System of Recognition

1997 • 2,397 citations

The repertoire for pattern recognition of pathogens by the innate immune system is defined by cooperation between Toll-like receptors

2000 • 2,076 citations

Genetic immunization is a simple method for eliciting an immune response

1992 • 1,505 citations

DNA Vaccines: Immunology, Application, and Optimization

2000 • 1,212 citations

Rapid and coordinated switch in chemokine receptor expression during dendritic cell maturation

1998 • 1,190 citations

Oral gene delivery with chitosan–DNA nanoparticles generates immunologic protection in a murine model of peanut allergy

1999 • 1,100 citations

Immunostimulatory DNA Sequences Necessary for Effective Intradermal Gene Immunization

1996 • 1,078 citations

Lipopolysaccharide Activates Distinct Signaling Pathways in Intestinal Epithelial Cell Lines Expressing Toll-Like Receptors

2000 • 754 citations

Effect of chitosan on epithelial permeability and structure

1999 • 556 citations

Dendritic Cells Discriminate between Yeasts and Hyphae of the Fungus Candida albicans

2000 • 498 citations

The innate immune response of the respiratory epithelium

2000 • 420 citations

Mucosal adjuvant effect of cholera toxin in mice results from induction of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and IL-4.

1995 • 392 citations

Overview of interleukin-18: more than an interferon-γ inducing factor

1998 • 371 citations

Cutting Edge: The Mucosal Adjuvant Cholera Toxin Redirects Vaccine Proteins into Olfactory Tissues

2000 • 365 citations

Dissociation of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin adjuvanticity from ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

1995 • 353 citations

Efficacy of a food plant-based oral cholera toxin B subunit vaccine

1998 • 351 citations

T cell co-stimulatory molecules other than CD28

1999 • 349 citations

A Filarial Nematode-Secreted Product Signals Dendritic Cells to Acquire a Phenotype That Drives Development of Th2 Cells

2000 • 335 citations

Cholera toxin B subunit: an efficient transmucosal carrier-delivery system for induction of peripheral immunological tolerance.

1994 • 317 citations

Oral immunization with urease and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin is safe and immunogenic in Helicobacter pylori–infected adults

1999 • 307 citations

The adjuvant effect of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxins is linked to their ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity

1992 • 286 citations

Structure and mucosal adjuvanticity of cholera and Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxins

1999 • 283 citations

Intranasal immunization of a DNA vaccine with IL-12- and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)-expressing plasmids in liposomes induces strong mucosal and cell-mediated immune responses against HIV-1 antigens.

1997 • 278 citations

Mucosal Adjuvanticity and Immunogenicity of LTR72, a Novel Mutant of Escherichia coli Heat-labile Enterotoxin with Partial Knockout of ADP-ribosyltransferase Activity

1998 • 264 citations

Costimulation of T cells by B7-H2, a B7-like molecule that binds ICOS

2000 • 249 citations

Cholera toxin discriminates between T helper 1 and 2 cells in T cell receptor-mediated activation: role of cAMP in T cell proliferation.

1990 • 238 citations

Mucosal immunity and tolerance: relevance to vaccine development

1999 • 237 citations

Intestinal epithelial cells use two distinct pathways for HLA class II antigen processing.

1997 • 220 citations

Cholera Toxin Suppresses Interleukin (IL)-12 Production and IL-12 Receptor β1 and β2 Chain Expression

1999 • 213 citations

Immune modulation by the cholera-like enterotoxins: from adjuvant to therapeutic

1999 • 212 citations

Oral Salmonella typhimurium (AroA-) vaccine expressing a major leishmanial surface protein (gp63) preferentially induces T helper 1 cells and protective immunity against leishmaniasis.

1990 • 188 citations

Mechanisms for Mucosal Immunogenicity and Adjuvancy of Escherichia coli Labile Enterotoxin

1996 • 173 citations

Protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in mice by intragastric vaccination with H. pylori antigens is achieved using a non-toxic mutant of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) as adjuvant

1998 • 172 citations

Immunization with a soluble recombinant HIV protein entrapped in biodegradable microparticles induces HIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes and CD4+ Th1 cells

1995 • 168 citations

Pertussis toxin potentiates Th1 and Th2 responses to co-injected antigen: adjuvant action is associated with enhanced regulatory cytokine production and expression of the co-stimulatory molecules B7- 1, B7-2 and CD28

1998 • 164 citations

Oral, intrarectal and intranasal immunizations using CpG and non-CpG oligodeoxynucleotides as adjuvants

2000 • 160 citations

A mucosal vaccine against diphtheria: formulation of cross reacting material (CRM197) of diphtheria toxin with chitosan enhances local and systemic antibody and Th2 responses following nasal delivery

2000 • 154 citations

Ulex europaeus 1 lectin targets microspheres to mouse Peyer's patch M-cells in vivo

1998 • 142 citations

Phase 1 Evaluation of Intranasal Virosomal Influenza Vaccine with and withoutEscherichia coliHeat-Labile Toxin in Adult Volunteers

1999 • 136 citations

Intranasal Immunization with Plasmid DNA-Lipid Complexes Elicits Mucosal Immunity in the Female Genital and Rectal Tracts

1999 • 134 citations

Single-administration vaccines: controlled-release technology to mimic repeated immunizations

1999 • 133 citations

Lipopolysaccharide and monophosphoryl lipid A differentially regulate interleukin-12, gamma interferon, and interleukin-10 mRNA production in murine macrophages

1997 • 132 citations

Vaccine-Containing Biodegradable Microspheres Specifically Enter the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Following Oral Administration and Induce a Disseminated Mucosal Immune Response

1989 • 132 citations

Monophosphoryl lipid A enhances mucosal and systemic immunity to vaccine antigens following intranasal administration

2000 • 130 citations

Protection against Bordetella pertussis infection following parenteral or oral immunization with antigens entrapped in biodegradable particles: effect of formulation and route of immunization on induction of Th1 and Th2 cells

2001 • 128 citations

Vaccines for Mucosal Immunity to Combat Emerging Infectious Diseases

2000 • 126 citations

Engineering the microflora to vaccinate the mucosa: serum immunoglobulin G responses and activated draining cervical lymph nodes following mucosal application of tetanus toxin fragment C‐expressing lactobacilli

2000 • 123 citations

The adjuvant combination monophosphoryl lipid A and QS21 switches T cell responses induced with a soluble recombinant HIV protein from Th2 to Th1

1999 • 122 citations

Poliovirus-specific CD4+ Th1 clones with both cytotoxic and helper activity mediate protective humoral immunity against a lethal poliovirus infection in transgenic mice expressing the human poliovirus receptor.

1995 • 121 citations

Helper Th1 and Th2 cell responses following mucosal or systemic immunization with cholera toxin

1994 • 119 citations

Nasopharyngeal-Associated Lymphoreticular Tissue (NALT) Immunity: Fimbriae-Specific Th1 and Th2 Cell-Regulated IgA Responses for the Inhibition of Bacterial Attachment to Epithelial Cells and Subsequent Inflammatory Cytokine Production

1999 • 119 citations

Mucosal DNA Vaccine Immunization Against Measles with a Highly AttenuatedShigella flexneriVector

1999 • 117 citations

Induction of a Mucosal Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Response by Intrarectal Immunization with a Replication-Deficient Recombinant Vaccinia Virus Expressing Human Immunodeficiency Virus 89.6 Envelope Protein

1998 • 111 citations

Induction of protective immunity against influenza virus in a macaque model: comparison of conventional and iscom vaccines.

1997 • 109 citations

Adjuvant Activity of Monophosphoryl Lipid A for Nasal and Oral Immunization with Soluble or Liposome-Associated Antigen

2000 • 105 citations

A mutant pertussis toxin molecule that lacks ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, PT-9K/129G, is an effective mucosal adjuvant for intranasally delivered proteins

1995 • 100 citations

Characterization of binding and TNF-α-inducing ability of chitosans on monocytes: the involvement of CD14

1994 • 99 citations

Mutants of Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Toxin Act as Effective Mucosal Adjuvants for Nasal Delivery of an Acellular Pertussis Vaccine: Differential Effects of the Nontoxic AB Complex and Enzyme Activity on Th1 and Th2 Cells

1999 • 98 citations

Oral DNA Vaccination Promotes Mucosal and Systemic Immune Responses to HIV Envelope Glycoprotein

2000 • 92 citations

Modulation of Innate and Acquired Immune Responses by Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Toxin: Distinct Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Nontoxic AB Complex and the Enzyme Activity

2000 • 91 citations

Immune-stimulating complexes as adjuvants for inducing local and systemic immunity after oral immunization with protein antigens.

1993 • 90 citations

Oral administration of cholera toxin B-insulin conjugates protects NOD mice from autoimmune diabetes by inducing CD4+ regulatory T-cells.

1999 • 89 citations

Immune-Stimulating Complexes Induce an IL-12-Dependent Cascade of Innate Immune Responses

1999 • 85 citations

Effectiveness of Liposomes Possessing Surface-Linked Recombinant B Subunit of Cholera Toxin as an Oral Antigen Delivery System

1998 • 82 citations

Induction of mucosal IgA by a novel jet delivery technique for HIV-1 DNA

1999 • 81 citations

The immunostimulating complex (ISCOM) is an efficient mucosal delivery system for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) envelope antigens inducing high local and systemic antibody responses

1998 • 80 citations

Mucosal Immunization of Cynomolgus Macaques with Two Serotypes of Live Poliovirus Vectors Expressing Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Antigens: Stimulation of Humoral, Mucosal, and Cellular Immunity

1999 • 78 citations

Genetically Detoxified Mutants of Heat-Labile Toxin from Escherichia coli Are Able To Act as Oral Adjuvants

1999 • 78 citations

Class I-restricted CTL induction by mucosal immunization with naked DNA encoding measles virus haemagglutinin.

1997 • 72 citations

Intranasal immunization with liposome-formulated Yersinia pestis vaccine enhances mucosal immune responses

2000 • 69 citations

A review of oral vaccination with transgenic vegetables

1999 • 66 citations

A Controlled Clinical Study of the Effect of Nasal Immunization with aStreptococcus mutansAntigen Alone or Incorporated into Liposomes on Induction of Immune Responses

1999 • 65 citations

Intranasal Immunization with Pneumococcal Polysaccharide Conjugate Vaccines with Nontoxic Mutants ofEscherichia coliHeat-Labile Enterotoxins as Adjuvants Protects Mice against Invasive Pneumococcal Infections

1999 • 64 citations

Induction of mucosal immune responses against a heterologous antigen fused to filamentous hemagglutinin after intranasal immunization with recombinant Bordetella pertussis.

1996 • 64 citations

Can soluble antigens induce CD8+ cytotoxic T-cell responses? A paradox revisited

1993 • 63 citations

Stimulation of non-specific host resistance against Sendai virus and Escherichia coli infections by chitin derivatives in mice

1987 • 62 citations

Recombinant live Salmonella spp. for human vaccination against heterologous pathogens

2000 • 61 citations

Use of CpG DNA for Enhancing Specific Immune Responses

2000 • 57 citations

Oral vaccination with immune stimulating complexes

1999 • 56 citations

Genetic Immunization with Lung-Targeting Macroaggregated Polyethyleneimine-Albumin Conjugates Elicits Combined Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

2000 • 56 citations

Distribution Fate and Mechanism of Immune Modulation Following Mucosal Delivery of Plasmid DNA Encoding IL-10

1999 • 54 citations

Effects of adjuvants on the immune response to allergens in a murine model of allergen inhalation: cholera toxin induces a Th1-like response to Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen

1998 • 53 citations

Recombinant liveSalmonellaspp. for human vaccination against heterologous pathogens

2000 • 52 citations

Intranasal Administration of aSchistosoma mansoniGlutathioneS-Transferase-Cholera Toxoid Conjugate Vaccine Evokes Antiparasitic and Antipathological Immunity in Mice

1999 • 51 citations

Application of Liposomes for Development of Oral Vaccines: Study of In Vitro Stability of Liposomes and Antibody Response to Antigen Associated with Liposomes after Oral Immunization.

1997 • 50 citations

Nasal immunization of mice with Cryptosporidium parvum DNA induces systemic and intestinal immune responses

1999 • 48 citations

Construction and murine immunogenicity of recombinant Bacille Calmette Guérin vaccines expressing the B subunit of Escherichia coli heat labile enterotoxin

1999 • 47 citations

Targeted Salivary Gland Immunization with Plasmid DNA Elicits Specific Salivary Immunoglobulin A and G Antibodies and Serum Immunoglobulin G Antibodies in Mice

1999 • 46 citations

Intranasal immunization with polymer‐grafted microparticles activates the nasal‐associated lymphoid tissue and draining lymph nodes

1998 • 46 citations

Mutational analysis of the role of ADP-ribosylation activity and GM1 -binding activity in the adjuvant properties of theEscherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin towards intranasally administered keyhole limpet hemocyanin

1998 • 46 citations

Total and IgE antibody levels following booster immunization with aluminum absorbed and nonabsorbed tetanus toxoid in humans.

1985 • 46 citations

Immunological memory after immunization with oral cholera B subunit-whole-cell vaccine in Swedish volunteers

1994 • 44 citations

In Vivo Expression and Immunoadjuvancy of a Mutant of Heat-Labile Enterotoxin of Escherichia coli in Vaccine and Vector Strains of Vibrio cholerae

1999 • 41 citations

Immune stimulating complexes as mucosal vaccines

1998 • 40 citations

Protective Immunity of Microsphere-Based Mucosal Vaccines against Lethal Intranasal Challenge withStreptococcus pneumoniae

1999 • 38 citations

Glycosphingolipids as Novel Targets for T-Cell Suppression by the B Subunit of Recombinant Heat-Labile Enterotoxin

1998 • 37 citations

Systemic and Mucosal Immunity Is Elicited after Both Intramuscular and Intravaginal Delivery of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 DNA Plasmid Vaccines to Pregnant Chimpanzees

1999 • 31 citations

Long-Term Immunological Memory Induced by Recombinant Oral Salmonella Vaccine Vectors

2000 • 31 citations

DNA immunization confers systemic, but not mucosal, protection against enteroinvasive bacteria

1999 • 31 citations

Delivery of the Pertactin/P.69 polypeptide of Bordetella pertussis using an attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccine strain: expression levels and immune response

1996 • 30 citations

DNA-Plasmids of HIV-1 Induce Systemic and Mucosal Immune Responses

1999 • 28 citations

Induction of Mucosal Immunity against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 in the Mouse Protects against Ocular Infection and Establishment of Latency

1998 • 24 citations

Mucosal immune responses associated with polynucleotide vaccination.

1997 • 22 citations

Detection of precursor Th cells in mesenteric lymph nodes after oral immunization with protein antigen and cholera toxin

1997 • 17 citations