Molecular indices of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction occur early and often progress with severity of Alzheimer's disease

Oxidative Damage Is the Earliest Event in Alzheimer Disease

2001 • 1,833 citations

Impaired insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and signaling mechanisms in Alzheimer's disease – is this type 3 diabetes?

2005 • 1,562 citations

Mitochondrial Abnormalities in Alzheimer's Disease

2001 • 1,319 citations

Widespread Peroxynitrite-Mediated Damage in Alzheimer’s Disease

1997 • 1,241 citations

4‐Hydroxynonenal‐Derived Advanced Lipid Peroxidation End Products Are Increased in Alzheimer's Disease

1997 • 1,018 citations

Minireview: Lipid Metabolism, Metabolic Diseases, and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors

2003 • 864 citations

Oxidative stress in Alzheimer’s disease

2000 • 857 citations

Oxidative Alterations in Alzheimer's Disease

1999 • 772 citations

Evidence that 4-Hydroxynonenal Mediates Oxidative Stress-Induced Neuronal Apoptosis

1997 • 727 citations

Insulin and insulin-like growth factor expression and function deteriorate with progression of Alzheimer's disease: Link to brain reductions in acetylcholine

2005 • 696 citations

Regulation of Endothelial Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Expression in Endothelial Cells and In Vivo

2000 • 623 citations

Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase: Location, Location, Location

2002 • 542 citations

Targeted disruption of inducible nitric oxide synthase protects against obesity-linked insulin resistance in muscle

2001 • 536 citations

Explaining the Phenomenon of Nitrate Tolerance

2005 • 420 citations

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) α and PPARβ/δ, but not PPARγ, Modulate the Expression of Genes Involved in Cardiac Lipid Metabolism

2003 • 402 citations

Diagnostic Criteria for Neuropathologic Assessment of Alzheimer’s Disease

1997 • 390 citations

Role of mitochondrial dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease

2002 • 359 citations

Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Perturbed Energy Metabolism and Neuronal Degeneration in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases

1999 • 344 citations

Mitochondrial Nitric-oxide Synthase Stimulation Causes Cytochrome c Release from Isolated Mitochondria

1999 • 333 citations

Critical Role for Microglial NADPH Oxidase in Rotenone-Induced Degeneration of Dopaminergic Neurons

2003 • 328 citations

4-Hydroxynonenal and neurodegenerative diseases

2003 • 313 citations

Say NO to Alzheimer's disease: the putative links between nitric oxide and dementia of the Alzheimer's type

2001 • 309 citations

Correlates of p53- and Fas (CD95)-mediated apoptosis in Alzheimer's disease

1997 • 300 citations

Microglia enhance β‐amyloid peptide‐induced toxicity in cortical and mesencephalic neurons by producing reactive oxygen species

2002 • 293 citations

Amyloid β-induced Changes in Nitric Oxide Production and Mitochondrial Activity Lead to Apoptosis

2004 • 280 citations

Ceramide Induces Cytochrome c Release from Isolated Mitochondria

1999 • 273 citations

Impairment of Learning and Memory in Rats Caused by Oxidative Stress and Aging, and Changes in Antioxidative Defense Systems

2001 • 262 citations

Bax Protein Expression Is Increased in Alzheimerʼs Brain

1997 • 241 citations

Neuropathology of Alzheimer’s disease: a critical update

1998 • 231 citations

Expression and function of inducible nitric oxide synthase in neurons

2001 • 224 citations

Mitochondrial DNA Damage as a Mechanism of Cell Loss in Alzheimer's Disease

2000 • 215 citations

NADPH oxidase immunoreactivity in the mouse brain

2003 • 212 citations

Alzheimer Disease

1998 • 211 citations

Activation of microglial NADPH oxidase is synergistic with glial iNOS expression in inducing neuronal death: a dual-key mechanism of inflammatory neurodegeneration

2005 • 209 citations

Reactive Oxygen Species Mediate Cellular Damage in Alzheimer Disease

1998 • 190 citations

Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptors (PPARS): regulators of gene expression in heart and skeletal muscle

2003 • 174 citations

4‐Hydroxy‐2(E)‐Nonenal Inhibits CNS Mitochondrial Respiration at Multiple Sites

1999 • 153 citations

Amyloid Fibril Toxicity in Alzheimer's Disease and Diabetesa

1996 • 149 citations

Mitochondrial potassium channels and uncoupling proteins in synaptic plasticity and neuronal cell death

2003 • 148 citations

Site-Specific Nitration and Oxidative Dityrosine Bridging of the τ Protein by Peroxynitrite: Implications for Alzheimer's Disease

2005 • 141 citations

Ethanol Impairs Insulin-stimulated Neuronal Survival in the Developing Brain

2003 • 137 citations

Role of vascular hypoperfusion-induced oxidative stress and mitochondria failure in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer disease

2003 • 136 citations

A Neuronal Isoform of Nitric Oxide Synthase Expressed in Pancreatic β-Cells Controls Insulin Secretion

2001 • 136 citations

Brain mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2): a protective stress signal in neuronal injury

2002 • 121 citations

Inducible Nitric-oxide Synthase and NO Donor Induce Insulin Receptor Substrate-1 Degradation in Skeletal Muscle Cells

2005 • 120 citations

Protective effects of a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β/δ agonist in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis

2005 • 120 citations

Mechanism for generation of hydrogen peroxide and change of mitochondrial membrane potential during rotenone-induced apoptosis

2003 • 117 citations

Thermoregulation: What Role for UCPs in Mammals and Birds?

2005 • 117 citations

Transient hypoxia causes Alzheimer-type molecular and biochemical abnormalities in cortical neurons: Potential strategies for neuroprotection1

2003 • 116 citations

Role of Nitric Oxide in Pathogenesis of Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis in Rats

1999 • 111 citations

Potential role of PTEN phosphatase in ethanol-impaired survival signaling in the liver

2003 • 109 citations

G972R IRS-1 Variant Impairs Insulin Regulation of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Cultured Human Endothelial Cells

2004 • 108 citations

Apoptosis-Related Protein Expression in the Hippocampus in Alzheimer’s Disease

1997 • 106 citations

Partial Rescue of Ethanol‐Induced Neuronal Apoptosis by Growth Factor Activation of Phosphoinositol‐3‐Kinase

2000 • 99 citations

Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins in the Central Nervous System

2005 • 95 citations

Rat models of dementia based on reductions in regional glucose metabolism, cerebral blood flow and cytochrome oxidase activity

2004 • 94 citations

Fenofibrate, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α agonist, exerts neuroprotective effects in traumatic brain injury

2005 • 93 citations

Inhibition of the Neuronal Insulin Receptor Causes Alzheimer‐like Disturbances in Oxidative/Energy Brain Metabolism and in Behavior in Adult Rats

1999 • 87 citations

Inhibition of the Neuronal Insulin Receptor An in Vivo Model for Sporadic Alzheimer Disease?

2000 • 85 citations

Characterization of the toxic mechanism triggered by Alzheimer's amyloid‐β peptides via p75 neurotrophin receptor in neuronal hybrid cells

2003 • 85 citations

Cholesterol, oxidative stress, and Alzheimer’s disease: expanding the horizons of pathogenesis1 1This article is part of a series of reviews on “Causes and Consequences of Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease.” The full list of papers may be found on the homepage of the journal.

2002 • 80 citations

Mitochondrial uncoupling protein 2 in the central nervous system: neuromodulator and neuroprotector

2003 • 78 citations

Cerebrovascular Pathology Contributes to the Heterogeneity of Alzheimer's Disease

1998 • 75 citations

The Nonthiazolidinedione PPARγ Agonist L-796,449 Is Neuroprotective in Experimental Stroke

2005 • 75 citations

Death and survival of neuronal cells exposed to Alzheimer's insults

2002 • 74 citations

PPARγ ligands induce prostaglandin production in vascular smooth muscle cells: indomethacin acts as a peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐γ antagonist

2003 • 73 citations

Nitric oxide in the cerebral cortex of amyloid-precursor protein (SW) Tg2576 transgenic mice

2004 • 72 citations

Hippocampal nitric oxide upregulation precedes memory loss and Aβ_1-40accumulation after chronic brain hypoperfusion in rats

2003 • 71 citations

Ethanol impairs insulin-stimulated mitochondrial function in cerebellar granule neurons

2001 • 71 citations

Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibition Impairs Spatial Navigation Learning and Induces Conditioned Taste Aversion

1997 • 67 citations

Chronic iron overload enhances inducible nitric oxide synthase expression in rat liver

2005 • 55 citations

The role of nitric oxide synthase/nitric oxide in vascular smooth muscle control

2000 • 54 citations

Induction of endothelial iNOS by 4-hydroxyhexenal through NF-κB activation

2004 • 50 citations

Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by nitric oxide: Its role in glucose metabolism and neuroprotection

2004 • 49 citations

Role of Aberrant Nitric Oxide Synthase‐3 Expression in Cerebrovascular Degeneration and Vascular‐mediated Injury in Alzheimer's Disease

2000 • 49 citations

β-Amyloid Peptides Decrease Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Expression in Astroglial Cells

2002 • 48 citations

Quantitative evaluation of the rRNA in Alzheimer's disease

2000 • 47 citations

High glucose decreases intracellular glutathione concentrations and upregulates inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in intestinal epithelial cells

2004 • 45 citations

Assessment of the Pathological Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease in Thin Paraffin Sections: A Comparative Study

1998 • 45 citations

Neuritic sprouting with aberrant expression of the nitric oxide synthase III gene in neurodegenerative diseases

1999 • 43 citations

Alteration of expression levels of neuronal nitric oxide synthase and haem oxygenase-2 messenger RNA in the hippocampi and cortices of young adult and aged cognitively unimpaired and impaired Long–Evans rats

2000 • 40 citations

Ribosomal RNA in Alzheimer's disease and ageing

1998 • 40 citations

Reactive oxygen: its sources and significance in Alzheimer disease

2002 • 39 citations

Co-localization of truncated tau and DNA fragmentation in Alzheimerʼs disease neurones

1997 • 37 citations

Acute effects of glucose and insulin on vascular endothelium

2004 • 36 citations

Expression of ced-3 and ced-9 homologs in Alzheimer"s disease cerebral cortex

1998 • 32 citations

Neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NNOS) catalyzes one-electron reduction of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, resulting in decreased nitric oxide production and increased nNOS gene expression: implication for oxidative stress

2004 • 31 citations

Does Nitric Oxide Synthase Contribute to the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease?

2003 • 24 citations

Behavioral and histological changes after repeated brief cerebral ischemia by carotid artery occlusion in gerbils

1993 • 23 citations

Programmed cell death (apoptosis) in Alzheimer's disease and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.

1997 • 23 citations

Nitrosative stress induces DNA strand breaks but not caspase mediated apoptosis in a lung cancer cell line.

2004 • 20 citations