Ras Proteins: Recent Advances and New Functions

Rho GTPases and the Actin Cytoskeleton

1998 • 6,129 citations

Opposing Effects of ERK and JNK-p38 MAP Kinases on Apoptosis

1995 • 5,334 citations

Oncogenic ras Provokes Premature Cell Senescence Associated with Accumulation of p53 and p16INK4a

1997 • 4,870 citations

Disruption of epithelial cell-matrix interactions induces apoptosis

1994 • 3,167 citations

An Essential Role for NF-κB in Preventing TNF-α-Induced Cell Death

1996 • 3,094 citations

NF-κB: Ten Years After

1996 • 3,008 citations

TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS OF THE NFAT FAMILY:Regulation and Function

1997 • 2,571 citations

Interleukin-3-Induced Phosphorylation of BAD Through the Protein Kinase Akt

1997 • 2,245 citations

PROTEIN PRENYLATION: Molecular Mechanisms and Functional Consequences

1996 • 1,977 citations

PI3K: Downstream AKTion Blocks Apoptosis

1997 • 1,693 citations

Cyclin D1 Expression Is Regulated Positively by the p42/p44 and Negatively by the p38/HOG Pathway

1996 • 1,203 citations

Cell cycle control in mammalian cells: role of cyclins, cyclin dependent kinases (CDKs), growth suppressor genes and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors (CKIs).

1995 • 1,117 citations

The PI 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway delivers an anti-apoptotic signal.

1997 • 1,075 citations

Role of Phosphoinositide 3-OH Kinase in Cell Transformation and Control of the Actin Cytoskeleton by Ras

1997 • 1,064 citations

Matrix adhesion and Ras transformation both activate a phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase and protein kinase B/Akt cellular survival pathway

1997 • 1,050 citations

Insulin-stimulated MAP-2 kinase phosphorylates and activates ribosomal protein S6 kinase II

1988 • 1,032 citations

SH2 and SH3 domains: From structure to function

1992 • 977 citations

Mitogen-activated protein kinases activate the serine/threonine kinases Mnk1 and Mnk2

1997 • 927 citations

Rap1 mediates sustained MAP kinase activation induced by nerve growth factor

1998 • 868 citations

K- and N-Ras Are Geranylgeranylated in Cells Treated with Farnesyl Protein Transferase Inhibitors

1997 • 848 citations

Bcl-2 Targets the Protein Kinase Raf-1 to Mitochondria

1996 • 785 citations

Prognostic Implication of FLT3 and N- RAS Gene Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia

1999 • 773 citations

The structural basis of the activation of Ras by Sos

1998 • 765 citations

PKB/Akt: connecting phosphoinositide 3-kinase to cell survival and beyond

1997 • 699 citations

Cdc25 cell-cycle phosphatase as a target of c-myc

1996 • 691 citations

RasGRP, a Ras Guanyl Nucleotide- Releasing Protein with Calcium- and Diacylglycerol-Binding Motifs

1998 • 662 citations

The complexity of Raf-1 regulation

1997 • 633 citations

Loss of NF1 results in activation of the Ras signaling pathway and leads to aberrant growth in haematopoietic cells

1996 • 602 citations

Ras signalling and apoptosis

1998 • 559 citations

Requirement of NF-κB Activation to Suppress p53-Independent Apoptosis Induced by Oncogenic Ras

1997 • 547 citations

K-ras is an essential gene in the mouse with partial functional overlap with N-ras

1997 • 537 citations

A Molecular Redox Switch on p21

1997 • 488 citations

Ras Isoforms Vary in Their Ability to Activate Raf-1 and Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase

1998 • 475 citations

Oncogenic H-ras stimulates tumor angiogenesis by two distinct pathways

1997 • 470 citations

Myc and Ras collaborate in inducing accumulation of active cyclin E/Cdk2 and E2F

1997 • 468 citations

Signals from Ras and Rho GTPases interact to regulate expression of p21Waf1/Cip1

1998 • 468 citations

Coupling of Ras and Rac Guanosine Triphosphatases Through the Ras Exchanger Sos

1998 • 452 citations

Kinase Suppressor of Ras Is Ceramide-Activated Protein Kinase

1997 • 440 citations

Requirement of Ras-GTP-Raf Complexes for Activation of Raf-1 by Protein Kinase C

1998 • 437 citations

FAS-induced apoptosis is mediated via a ceramide-initiated RAS signaling pathway

1995 • 411 citations

GTPase-activating proteins: helping hands to complement an active site

1998 • 410 citations

Ras Links Growth Factor Signaling to the Cell Cycle Machinery via Regulation of Cyclin D1 and the Cdk Inhibitor p27^KIP1

1997 • 409 citations

Stimulation of Membrane Ruffling and MAP Kinase Activation by Distinct Effectors of RAS

1996 • 377 citations

Oncogenic Ha-Ras-induced Signaling Activates NF-κB Transcriptional Activity, Which Is Required for Cellular Transformation

1997 • 375 citations

Direct Demonstration of Geranylgeranylation and Farnesylation of Ki-Ras in Vivo

1997 • 361 citations

Ras signalling linked to the cell-cycle machinery by the retinoblastoma protein

1997 • 359 citations

K-Ras is essential for the development of the mouse embryo

1997 • 353 citations

KSR, a novel protein kinase required for RAS signal transduction

1995 • 335 citations

Signalling functions of protein palmitoylation

1998 • 328 citations

Nf1 deficiency causes Ras-Dediated granulocyte/macrophage colony stimulating factor hypersensitivity and chronic myeloid leukaemia

1996 • 310 citations

Signal transduction from multiple Ras effectors

1997 • 308 citations

The Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic Initiation Factor eIF4E in Response to Phorbol Esters, Cell Stresses, and Cytokines Is Mediated by Distinct MAP Kinase Pathways

1998 • 302 citations

Protein N-myristoylation

1991 • 289 citations

Four Human Ras Homologs Differ in Their Abilities to Activate Raf-1, Induce Transformation, and Stimulate Cell Motility

1999 • 285 citations

Fas Activation of the p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Signalling Pathway Requires ICE/CED-3 Family Proteases

1997 • 285 citations

Role of Protein Modification Reactions in Programming Interactions Between Ras-Related GTPases and Cell Membranes

1994 • 279 citations

Lack of a Role for Jun Kinase and AP-1 in Fas-Induced Apoptosis

1997 • 253 citations

14-3-3 proteins associate with cdc25 phosphatases.

1995 • 251 citations

Two Distinct Raf Domains Mediate Interaction with Ras

1995 • 243 citations

Inhibition of the prenylation of K-Ras, but not H- or N-Ras, is highly resistant to CAAX peptidomimetics and requires both a farnesyltransferase and a geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitor in human tumor cell lines

1997 • 240 citations

The murine N-ras gene is not essential for growth and development.

1995 • 236 citations

Cloning by functional complementation of a mouse cDNA encoding a homologue of CDC25, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae RAS activator.

1992 • 234 citations

Apoptosis regulation by interaction of Bcl-2 protein and Raf-1 kinase.

1994 • 233 citations

Both farnesyltransferase and geranylgeranyltransferase I inhibitors are required for inhibition of oncogenic K-Ras prenylation but each alone is sufficient to suppress human tumor growth in nude mouse xenografts

1998 • 229 citations

R-Ras can activate the phosphoinositide 3-kinase but not the MAP kinase arm of the Ras effector pathways

1997 • 223 citations

Evidence for the in vitro and in vivo interaction of Ras with protein kinase C zeta.

1994 • 221 citations

Farnesyltransferase Inhibitors Alter the Prenylation and Growth-stimulating Function of RhoB

1997 • 214 citations

Evidence for a Ras/Ral signaling cascade

1996 • 214 citations

Identification of Nore1 as a Potential Ras Effector

1998 • 209 citations

Identification of AF-6 and Canoe as Putative Targets for Ras

1996 • 207 citations

Identification of Constitutive and Ras-Inducible Phosphorylation Sites of KSR: Implications for 14-3-3 Binding, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Binding, and KSR Overexpression

1999 • 205 citations

Characterization of Ha-Ras, N-Ras, Ki-Ras4A, and Ki-Ras4B as in Vitro Substrates for Farnesyl Protein Transferase and Geranylgeranyl Protein Transferase Type I

1997 • 203 citations

Regulation of the cell cycle machinery by oncogenic ras.

1996 • 202 citations

Induction of p27Kip1 degradation and anchorage independence by Ras through the MAP kinase signaling pathway

1997 • 199 citations

A single amino acid change in Raf-1 inhibits Ras binding and alters Raf-1 function.

1994 • 185 citations

NGF regulates the PC12 cell cycle machinery through specific inhibition of the Cdk kinases and induction of cyclin D1

1995 • 177 citations

Direct Interaction between Ras and the Kinase Domain of Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase (MEKK1)

1995 • 177 citations

The protein kinase KSR interacts with 14-3-3 protein and Raf

1997 • 175 citations

A Human Protein Selected for Interference with Ras Function Interacts Directly with Ras and Competes with Raf1

1995 • 170 citations

Stimulation of gene induction and cell growth by the Ras effector Rlf

1997 • 167 citations

Regulation of CD95 (Fas) ligand expression by TCR-mediated signaling events.

1997 • 167 citations

Control of ras activation.

1996 • 161 citations

Nf1 Regulates Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell Growth and Ras Signaling in Response to Multiple Cytokines

1998 • 159 citations

EGF induced SOS phosphorylation in PC12 cells involves P90 RSK-2

1997 • 157 citations

Mutations of the N-ras gene in juvenile chronic myelogenous leukemia

1994 • 153 citations

Regulation of Bcl-2 expression by oncogenic Ras protein in hematopoietic cells.

1995 • 151 citations

Activation of c-Raf-1 by Ras and Src through different mechanisms: activationin vivoandin vitro

1997 • 140 citations

p21ras and calcineurin synergize to regulate the nuclear factor of activated T cells.

1993 • 139 citations

The interaction of Ras with GTPase‐activating proteins

1997 • 133 citations

Phosphorylation of Bcl-2 Protein and Association with p21Ras in Ras-induced Apoptosis

1996 • 132 citations

Ras signalling is required for inactivation of the tumour suppressor pRb cell-cycle control protein

1997 • 131 citations

Signal transduction via Ras.

1998 • 122 citations

p21 Ras and Phosphatidylinositol-3 Kinase Are Required for Survival of Wild-Type and NF1 Mutant Sensory Neurons

1998 • 121 citations

Raf/MAPK and rapamycin-sensitive pathways mediate the anti-apoptotic function of p21Ras in IL-3-dependent hematopoietic cells

1997 • 118 citations

Activity of Plasma Membrane-recruited Raf-1 Is Regulated by Ras via the Raf Zinc Finger

1997 • 117 citations

Prenylation-dependent Association of Ki-Ras with Microtubules

1997 • 117 citations

Protein binding and signaling properties of RIN1 suggest a unique effector function

1997 • 114 citations

Ras-dependent activation of the small GTPase Ral

1998 • 112 citations

Mutant N-ras Induces Myeloproliferative Disorders and Apoptosis in Bone Marrow Repopulated Mice

1999 • 110 citations

Ras-GTPase Activating Protein (GAP): A Putative Effector for Ras

1997 • 105 citations

Proliferative inhibition by dominant-negative Ras rescues naive and neuronally differentiated PC12 cells from apoptotic death.

1994 • 103 citations

Coassociation of Rap1A and Ha-Ras with Raf-1 N-terminal Region Interferes with Ras-dependent Activation of Raf-1

1997 • 100 citations

Regulation of Sos Activity by Intramolecular Interactions

1998 • 98 citations

Aiolos transcription factor controls cell death in Tcells by regulating Bcl-2 expression and its cellular localization

1999 • 96 citations

The growth factor IL-2 activates p21ras proteins in normal human T lymphocytes.

1992 • 92 citations

Ras-GRF Activates Ha-Ras, but Not N-Ras or K-Ras 4B, Proteinin Vivo

1998 • 91 citations

Vav cooperates with Ras to transform rodent fibroblasts but is not a Ras GDP/GTP exchange factor.

1994 • 90 citations

Physical Association with Ras Enhances Activation of Membrane-bound Raf (RafCAAX)

1997 • 88 citations

Kinase Suppressor of Ras Inhibits the Activation of Extracellular Ligand-regulated (ERK) Mitogen-activated Protein (MAP) Kinase by Growth Factors, Activated Ras, and Ras Effectors

1998 • 86 citations

Regulation of the Oncogenic Activity of BCR-ABL by a Tightly Bound Substrate Protein RIN1

1997 • 84 citations

Developmentally-regulated expression of murine K-ras isoforms

1997 • 84 citations

CaaX converting enzymes

1998 • 83 citations

Two phases of Hox gene regulation during early Xenopus development

1998 • 81 citations

Two Distinct Interleukin-3-Mediated Signal Pathways, Ras-NFIL3 (E4BP4) and Bcl-x_L, Regulate the Survival of Murine Pro-B Lymphocytes

1999 • 79 citations

Evidence for cell-specific differences in transformation by N-, H- and K-ras.

1995 • 75 citations

K-ras modulates the cell cycle via both positive and negative regulatory pathways

1997 • 74 citations

Complexes of p21RAS with JUN N-terminal kinase and JUN proteins.

1995 • 74 citations

Conspiracy Theory

1998 • 74 citations

Bcl-2 differentially targets K-, N-, and H-Ras to mitochondria in IL-2 supplemented or deprived cells: Implications in prevention of apoptosis

1999 • 73 citations

Ha-ras and N-ras regulate MAPK activity by distinct mechanisms in vivo

1998 • 73 citations

Mutant N-RAS Induces Erythroid Lineage Dysplasia in Human CD34+ Cells

1997 • 73 citations

High-intensity Raf signals convert mitotic cell cycling into cellular growth.

1998 • 72 citations

Increased expression of cyclin D1 and the Rb tumor suppressor gene in c-K-ras transformed rat enterocytes.

1996 • 72 citations

Oncogenic ras Causes Resistance to the Growth Inhibitor Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-3 (IGFBP-3) in Breast Cancer Cells

1999 • 67 citations

A Non-farnesylated Ha-Ras Protein Can Be Palmitoylated and Trigger Potent Differentiation and Transformation

1999 • 63 citations

N Terminus of Sos1 Ras Exchange Factor: Critical Roles for the Dbl and Pleckstrin Homology Domains

1998 • 60 citations

Synergistic activation by Ras and 14-3-3 protein of a mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase named Ras-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase stimulator.

1994 • 55 citations

Post-translational Modification of H-Ras Is Required for Activation of, but Not for Association with, B-Raf

1996 • 54 citations

Oncogenic c-Ki-ras but Not Oncogenic c-Ha-ras Up-regulates CEA Expression and Disrupts Basolateral Polarity in Colon Epithelial Cells

1997 • 52 citations

Role of Akt and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase 2 in Apoptosis Induced by Interleukin-4 Deprivation

1998 • 48 citations

Ras activation leads to cell proliferation or apoptotic cell death upon interleukin‐2 stimulation or lymphokine deprivation, respectively

1997 • 46 citations

Evidence for a High Affinity, Saturable, Prenylation-dependent p21 Binding Site in Plasma Membranes

1998 • 44 citations

A novel human ERK phosphatase regulates H-ras and v-raf signal transduction

1997 • 44 citations

Amplification of Ki-ras and elevation of MAP kinase activity during mammary tumor progression in C3(1)/SV40 Tag transgenic mice

1998 • 44 citations

The Bcl-2 gene is differentially regulated by IL-2 and IL-4: role of the transcription factor NF-AT

1998 • 43 citations

Mitotic Raf-1 Is Stimulated Independently of Ras and Is Active in the Cytoplasm

1998 • 42 citations

Critical role of Ras in the proliferation and prevention of apoptosis mediated by IL-2.

1996 • 41 citations

H-Ras Is Involved in the Inside-out Signaling Pathway of Interleukin-3–Induced Integrin Activation

1999 • 37 citations

Induction of the cholesterol metabolic pathway regulates the farnesylation of RAS in embryonic chick heart cells: a new role for Ras in regulating the expression of muscarinic receptors and G proteins

1997 • 37 citations

Activated Ki-Ras suppresses 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced activation of the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase pathway in human colon cancer cells.

1999 • 34 citations

Going for the GAP

1998 • 31 citations

Identification and Characterization of Mutations in Ha-Ras That Selectively Decrease Binding to cRaf-1

1997 • 29 citations

Identification of Ce-AF-6, a novel Caenorhabditis elegans protein, as a putative Ras effector

1998 • 27 citations

NF1 inactivation cooperates with N-Ras in in vivo lymphogenesis activating Erk by a mechanism independent of its Ras-GTPase accelerating activity

1998 • 27 citations

Derivatives of activated H-ras lacking C-terminal lipid modifications retain transforming ability if targeted to the correct subcellular location

1997 • 26 citations

Selective inhibition of oncogenic ras- p21 in vivo by agents that block its interaction with jun -N-kinase (JNK) and jun proteins. Implications for the design of selective chemotherapeutic agents

1997 • 26 citations

Activation of R-Ras GTPase by GTPase-activating Proteins for Ras, Gap1m, and p120GAP

1997 • 25 citations

Dual function of Ras in Raf activation

1998 • 23 citations

IL-2 deprivation triggers apoptosis which is mediated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 activation and prevented by Bcl-2

1999 • 22 citations

Regulation of the Ras signaling pathway by GTPase-activating protein in PC12 cells.

1995 • 21 citations

Regulation of myeloid cell growth by distinct effectors of Ras

1998 • 16 citations

Inhibition of mSOS-activity by binding of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-P2 to the mSOS pleckstrin homology domain

1998 • 16 citations

Stable expression of activated Ki-Ras does not constitutively activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway but attenuates epidermal growth factor receptor activation in human astrocytoma cells.

1999 • 14 citations

[20] Phosphorylation-dependent complexes of p120 Ras-specific GTPase-activating protein with p62 and p190

1995 • 6 citations