X chromosome inactivation and DNA methylation

CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation

1986 • 3,760 citations

Identification of a gene (FMR-1) containing a CGG repeat coincident with a breakpoint cluster region exhibiting length variation in fragile X syndrome

1991 • 3,422 citations

Variation of the CGG repeat at the fragile X site results in genetic instability: Resolution of the Sherman paradox

1991 • 2,062 citations

DNA Modification Mechanisms and Gene Activity During Development

1975 • 1,859 citations

Instability of a 550-Base Pair DNA Segment and Abnormal Methylation in Fragile X Syndrome

1991 • 1,482 citations

A gene from the region of the human X inactivation centre is expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome

1991 • 1,469 citations

X inactivation, differentiation, and DNA methylation

1975 • 1,283 citations

Temporal and regional changes in DNA methylation in the embryonic, extraembryonic and germ cell lineages during mouse embryo development

1987 • 1,088 citations

A quantitative and cytological study of germ cells in human ovaries

1963 • 1,074 citations

Fragile X Genotype Characterized by an Unstable Region of DNA

1991 • 794 citations

Preferential inactivation of the paternally derived X chromosome in the extraembryonic membranes of the mouse

1975 • 783 citations

DNA methylation inhibits transcription indirectly via a methyl-CpG binding protein

1991 • 722 citations

High levels of De Novo methylation and altered chromatin structure at CpG islands in cell lines

1990 • 709 citations

DNA methylation and gene expression

1991 • 685 citations

MAMMALIAN X-CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION

1983 • 635 citations

Conservation of position and exclusive expression of mouse Xist from the inactive X chromosome

1991 • 617 citations

Characterization of a murine gene expressed from the inactive X chromosome

1991 • 529 citations

Repression of genes by DNA methylation depends on CpG density and promoter strength: evidence for involvement of a methyl-CpG binding protein.

1992 • 472 citations

5-Methylcytosine, Gene Regulation, and Cancer

1983 • 425 citations

Synthetic activities during spermatogenesis in the mouse

1965 • 419 citations

Genomic Sequencing and Methylation Analysis by Ligation Mediated PCR

1989 • 408 citations

Localization of the X inactivation centre on the human X chromosome in Xq13

1991 • 380 citations

Methylation of the Hprt gene on the inactive X occurs after chromosome inactivation

1987 • 363 citations

Two DNA methyltransferases from murine erythroleukemia cells: purification, sequence specificity, and mode of interaction with DNA.

1983 • 361 citations

Physical mapping across the fragile X: Hypermethylation and clinical expression of the fragile X syndrome

1991 • 357 citations

A view of Interphase Chromosomes

1990 • 341 citations

X-chromosome inactivation and cell memory

1992 • 329 citations

Isozymes current topics in biological and medical research

1984 • 328 citations

Methylation levels of maternal and paternal genomes during preimplantation development

1991 • 309 citations

Methylation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase locus on the human X chromosome: implications for X-chromosome inactivation.

1984 • 305 citations

DNA methylation and gene expression.

1991 • 291 citations

Identification of an origin of bidirectional DNA replication in mammalian chromosomes

1990 • 288 citations

Differences in DNA methylation during oogenesis and spermatogenesis and their persistence during early embryogenesis in the mouse.

1987 • 278 citations

Polymerase chain reaction-aided genomic sequencing of an X chromosome-linked CpG island: methylation patterns suggest clonal inheritance, CpG site autonomy, and an explanation of activity state stability.

1990 • 264 citations

In vivo footprint and methylation analysis by PCR-aided genomic sequencing: comparison of active and inactive X chromosomal DNA at the CpG island and promoter of human PGK-1.

1990 • 250 citations

Parental-specific methylation of an imprinted transgene is established during gametogenesis and progressively changes during embryogenesis

1991 • 246 citations

The Role of Dna Methylation in Cancer

1990 • 244 citations

De novo methylation of the MyoD1 CpG island during the establishment of immortal cell lines.

1990 • 237 citations

DNA sequence duplications trigger gene inactivation in Neurospora crassa.

1988 • 235 citations

Mapping replication units in animal cells

1989 • 232 citations

Measurement by quantitative PCR of changes in HPRT, PGK-1, PGK-2, APRT, MTase, and Zfy gene transcripts during mouse spermatogenesis

1990 • 231 citations

A strain-specific modifier on mouse chromosome 4 controls the methylation of independent transgene loci

1991 • 223 citations

MECHANISMS OF X-CHROMOSOME REGULATION

1988 • 222 citations

Age related reactivation of an X-linked gene

1987 • 220 citations

Both X chromosomes function before visible X-chromosome inactivation in female mouse embryos

1978 • 219 citations

Abnormal pattern detected in fragile-X patients by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis

1991 • 213 citations

X-chromosome deletions in embryo-derived (EK) cell lines associated with lack of X-chromosome inactivation

1985 • 208 citations

Tissue-specific differences in DNA methylation in various mammals

1983 • 204 citations

Retrovirus-induced de novo methylation of flanking host sequences correlates with gene inactivity

1985 • 199 citations

Specific protection of methylated CpGs in mammalian nuclei

1989 • 195 citations

Chromatin differences between active and inactive X chromosomes revealed by genomic footprinting of permeabilized cells using DNase I and ligation-mediated PCR.

1991 • 195 citations

Proposed Mechanism of Inheritance and Expression of the Human Fragile-X Syndrome of Mental Retardation

1987 • 190 citations

Use of a HpaII-polymerase chain reaction assay to study DNA methylation in the Pgk-1 CpG island of mouse embryos at the time of X-chromosome inactivation.

1990 • 183 citations

DNA methylation and chromatin structure

1991 • 182 citations

The William Allan memorial award address: X-chromosome inactivation and the location and expression of X-linked genes.

1988 • 180 citations

In vivo mapping of a DNA adduct at nucleotide resolution: detection of pyrimidine (6-4) pyrimidone photoproducts by ligation-mediated polymerase chain reaction.

1991 • 177 citations

Replacement of 5-methylcytosine by cytosine: a possible mechanism for transient DNA demethylation during differentiation.

1986 • 175 citations

Irresistible force meets immovable object: Transcription and the nucleosome

1991 • 175 citations

Movement of the X Chromosome in Epilepsy

1988 • 169 citations

DNA methylation and chromatin structure: a view from below

1990 • 166 citations

Binding of transcription factors creates hot spots for UV photoproducts in vivo.

1992 • 163 citations

Sex difference in methylation of single-copy genes in human meiotic germ cells: Implications for X chromosome inactivation, parental imprinting, and origin of CpG mutations

1990 • 161 citations

Dynamics of demethylation and activation of the α-actin gene in myoblasts

1990 • 159 citations

Demethylation of CpG islands in embryonic cells

1991 • 151 citations

The Eukaryotic nucleus : Molecular biochemistry and macromolecular assemblies

1990 • 148 citations

DNA methylation and late replication probably aid cell memory, and type I DNA reeling could aid chromosome folding and enhancer function

1990 • 133 citations

HGPRT activity changes in preimplantation mouse embryos

1978 • 128 citations

Reversal of X-inactivation in female mouse somatic cells hybridized with murine teratocarcinoma stem cells in vitro

1983 • 127 citations

Differences in the DNA of the inactive X chromosomes of fetal and extraembryonic tissues of mice

1983 • 123 citations

Chromatin Structure and de Novo Methylation of Sperm DNA: Implications for Activation of the Paternal Genome

1985 • 119 citations

Controlling elements in the mouse: IV. Evidence of non-randomX-inactivation

1981 • 113 citations

Isozymes: Current Topics in Biological and Medical Research

1979 • 112 citations

Preferential paternal X inactivation in extraembryonic tissues of early mouse embryos

1982 • 109 citations

Methylation and the X chromosome

1986 • 103 citations

Chapter 2 Biochemistry of Male Germ Cell Differentiation in Mammals: RNA Synthesis in Meiotic and Postmeiotic Cells

1978 • 101 citations

Methylation, expression and chromosomal position of genes in mammals

1984 • 100 citations

Recognition of unusual DNA structures by human DNA(cytosine-5)methyltransferase

1991 • 100 citations

Demethylation of specific sites in the 5' region of the inactive X-linked human phosphoglycerate kinase gene correlates with the appearance of nuclease sensitivity and gene expression.

1988 • 90 citations

Methylation of DNA in mouse early embryos, teratocarcinoma cells an adult tissues of mouse and rabbit

1979 • 86 citations

The E. coli cell surface specifically prevents the initiation of DNA replication at oriC on heminethylated DNA templates

1990 • 85 citations

Methylation patterns of testis-specific genes.

1991 • 85 citations

X chromosome reactivation in oocytes of Mus caroli.

1981 • 84 citations

DNA methylation in eukaryotes: kinetics of demethylation and de novo methylation during the life cycle.

1990 • 80 citations

Effect of ageing on reactivation of the human X-linked HPRT locus

1988 • 80 citations

DNA hypomethylation causes an increase in DNase-I sensitivity and an advance in the time of replication of the entire inactive X chromosome

1985 • 78 citations

5-Azacytidine-induced reactivation of the human X chromosome-linked PGK1 gene is associated with a large region of cytosine demethylation in the 5' CpG island.

1990 • 74 citations

Memories of mother and father

1987 • 73 citations

The Barr body is a looped X chromosome formed by telomere association.

1991 • 70 citations

XIST and the mapping of the X chromosome inactivation centre

1991 • 69 citations

Spreading of DNA methylation across integrated foreign (adenovirus type 12) genomes in mammalian cells

1991 • 68 citations

Cell cycle analysis and X-chromosome inactivation in the developing mouse.

1976 • 62 citations

Cytogenetic and molecular studies on a recombinant human X chromosome: implications for the spreading of X chromosome inactivation.

1987 • 61 citations

Molecular cytological differentiation of active from inactive X domains in interphase: implications for X chromosome inactivation

1989 • 60 citations

X-chromosome activity in female mouse embryos heterozygous forPgk-1and Searle's translocation, T(X; 16) 16H

1983 • 59 citations

Complete reactivation of X chromosomes from human chorionic villi with a switch to early DNA replication.

1986 • 58 citations

Methylation changes in the apolipoprotein AI gene during embryonic development of the mouse.

1991 • 58 citations

Expression of α-galactosidase in preimplantation mouse embryos

1977 • 54 citations

X-linked gene expression and X-chromosome inactivation: marsupials, mouse, and man compared.

1987 • 54 citations

Controlling elements in the mouse: V. Linkage tests with X-linked genes

1981 • 54 citations

Differences in methylation on the active and inactive human X chromosomes

1985 • 52 citations

DNA methylation and cell memory

1989 • 50 citations

A Different Kind of Inheritance

1989 • 50 citations

Correlation between X-chromosome inactivation and cell differentiation in female preimplantation mouse embryos

1985 • 49 citations

Ligation-mediated PCR improves the sensitivity of methylation analysis by restriction enzymes and detection of specific DNA strand breaks

1990 • 46 citations

X-chromosome inactivation and cell memory

1992 • 44 citations

Marsupials and Mechanisms of X-Chromosome Inactivation

1989 • 43 citations

A new differential technique for staining the heteropycnotic X-chromosome in female mice

1973 • 43 citations

Origins of replication and gene regulation

1984 • 43 citations

X chromosome reactivation in mouse embryonal carcinoma cells.

1985 • 42 citations

Frequent derepression of G6PD and HPRT on the Marsupial inactive X chromosome associated with cell proliferation in vitro

1989 • 41 citations

Nucleotide-sequence-specific de novo methylation in a somatic murine cell line.

1989 • 40 citations

DNA methylation of two X chromosome genes in female somatic and embryonal carcinoma cells

1991 • 37 citations

Muscle gene activation by induction and the nonrequirement for cell division.

1986 • 35 citations

Delta-crystallin genes become hypomethylated in postmitotic lens cells during chicken development.

1987 • 35 citations

Analysis of methylation and distribution of CpG sequences on human active and inactive X chromosomes by in situ nick translation

1990 • 34 citations

Reversal of DNA methylation with 5-azacytidine alters chromosome replication patterns in human lymphocyte and fibroblast cultures.

1984 • 34 citations

Age-related reactivation of an X-linked gene close to the inactivation centre in the mouse

1988 • 32 citations

A potentially critical Hpa II site of the X chromosome-linked PGK1 gene is unmethylated prior to the onset of meiosis of human oogenic cells.

1992 • 28 citations

Comparative study of DNase I sensitivity at the X-linked humanHPRT locus

1988 • 28 citations

Programmed demethylation in CpG islands during human fetal development

1991 • 26 citations

Investigation of the ?variable spreading? of X inactivation into a translocated autosome

1989 • 25 citations

Evidence for a relationship between DNA methylation and DNA replication from studies of the 5-azacytidine-reactivated allocyclic X chromosome

1985 • 25 citations

A practical metaphase marker of the inactive X chromosome.

1986 • 23 citations

X chromosome imprinting in fragile�syndrome

1990 • 21 citations

Enzymatic DNA Methylation

1989 • 20 citations

Methylation of CpG-island-containing genes in human sperm, fetal and adult tissues

1992 • 18 citations

Chromatin structure of active and inactive human X-linked phosphoglycerate kinase gene

1986 • 18 citations

Preferential binding of DNA methyltransferase and increased de novo methylation of deoxyinosine containing DNA

1986 • 18 citations

Requirement of mitoses for the reversal of X-inactivation in cell hybrids between murine embryonal carcinoma cells and normal female thymocytes*1

1988 • 17 citations

Methylation is co-ordinated on the putative replication origins of Physarum ribosomal DNA

1988 • 16 citations

Transformation of the Hprt gene with DNA from spermatogenic cells

1984 • 16 citations

Further evidence for the importance of parental source of the Xce allele in X chromosome inactivation

1991 • 13 citations

Alterations in the time of X chromosome replication induced by 5-azacytidine in a patient with 48, XXXY/47, XXY

1985 • 11 citations

Reactivation ofhprt on the inactive X chromosome with DNA demethylating agents

1989 • 11 citations

Stability of DNA methylation of X-chromosome genes during aging

1990 • 9 citations

Differential Activation of the hprt Gene on the Inactive X Chromosome in Primary and Transformed Chinese Hamster Cells

1989 • 9 citations

Time dependence of X gene reactivation induced by 5-azacytidine: Possible progressive restructuring of chromatin

1987 • 7 citations

Differential activation of the hprt gene on the inactive X chromosome in primary and transformed Chinese hamster cells.

1989 • 6 citations

Activation of the hprt gene on the inactive X chromosome in transformed diploid female Chinese hamster cells

1989 • 4 citations