Nuclear factor kappa B, a mediator of lipopolysaccharide effects

Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1.

1991 • 3,819 citations

Multiple nuclear factors interact with the immunoglobulin enhancer sequences

1986 • 2,771 citations

IκB: a Specific Inhibitor of the NF-κB Transcription Factor

1988 • 2,203 citations

An inducible transcription factor activates expression of human immunodeficiency virus in T cells

1987 • 2,149 citations

Inducibility of κ immunoglobulin enhancer-binding protein NF-κB by a posttranslational mechanism

1986 • 2,043 citations

Dithiocarbamates as potent inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells.

1992 • 1,524 citations

Nuclear Factor Kb: An Oxidative Stress-Responsive Transcription Factor of Eukaryotic Cells (A Review)

1992 • 1,421 citations

Activation of interleukin-6 gene expression through the NF-kappa B transcription factor.

1990 • 1,377 citations

Activation in vitro of NF-κB" by phosphorylation of its inhibitor IκB"

1990 • 1,202 citations

Activation of DNA-binding activity in an apparently cytoplasmic precursor of the NF-κB transcription factor

1988 • 1,200 citations

IMF-κB and Rel: Participants in a Multiform Transcriptional Regulatory System

1993 • 967 citations

Cytotoxic activity of tumor necrosis factor is mediated by early damage of mitochondrial functions. Evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial radical generation.

1992 • 949 citations

The DNA binding subunit of NF-κB is identical to factor KBF1 and homologous to the rel oncogene product

1990 • 900 citations

Regulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha transcription in macrophages: involvement of four kappa B-like motifs and of constitutive and inducible forms of NF-kappa B.

1990 • 900 citations

GPI-Anchored Cell-Surface Molecules Complexed to Protein Tyrosine Kinases

1991 • 848 citations

Kappa B-type enhancers are involved in lipopolysaccharide-mediated transcriptional activation of the tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in primary macrophages.

1990 • 826 citations

The p65 subunit is responsible for the strong transcription activating potential of NF-kappa B.

1991 • 805 citations

Characterization of an immediate-early gene induced in adherent monocytes that encodes IκB-like activity

1991 • 746 citations

Protein-Binding Sites in Ig Gene Enhancers Determine Transcriptional Activity and Inducibility

1987 • 619 citations

Activation of HIV gene expression during monocyte differentiation by induction of NF-kB

1989 • 590 citations

Isolation of a lipopolysaccharide-binding acute phase reactant from rabbit serum.

1986 • 549 citations

Multiple actions of interleukin 6 within a cytokine network

1988 • 536 citations

CSF‐1—A mononuclear phagocyte lineage‐specific hemopoietic growth factor

1983 • 536 citations

Gram‐negative endotoxin: an extraordinary lipid with profound effects on eukaryotic signal transduction ¹

1991 • 519 citations

The complexities of eukaryotic transcription initiation: regulation of preinitiation complex assembly

1991 • 497 citations

A role for oxygen radicals as second messengers

1991 • 494 citations

The involvement of NF-κB in β-interferon gene regulation reveals its role as widely inducible mediator of signal transduction

1989 • 494 citations

Hemopoietic colony-stimulating factors

1984 • 468 citations

Purified human IκB can rapidly dissociate the complex of the NF-κB transcription factor with its cognate DNA

1990 • 445 citations

Activation of immunoglobulin kappa gene rearrangement correlates with induction of germline kappa gene transcription

1989 • 432 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Activates the Sphingomyelin Signal Transduction Pathway in a Cell-Free System

1992 • 428 citations

NF-κB and related proteins: Rel/dorsal homologies meet ankyrin-like repeats

1992 • 415 citations

Interleukin-1 stimulates diacylglycerol production in T lymphocytes by a novel mechanism

1988 • 413 citations

Intramolecular masking of the nuclear location signal and dimerization domain in the precursor for the p50 NF-κB subunit

1992 • 399 citations

Involvement of a NF-kappa B-like transcription factor in the activation of the interleukin-6 gene by inflammatory lymphokines.

1990 • 384 citations

Phagocytosis and inflammatory stimuli induce GM-CSF mRNA in macrophages through posttranscriptional regulation

1987 • 377 citations

Independent modes of transcriptional activation by the p50 and p65 subunits of NF-kappa B.

1992 • 373 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-mediated transcriptional activation of the human tissue factor gene in THP-1 monocytic cells requires both activator protein 1 and nuclear factor kappa B binding sites.

1991 • 373 citations

Activated B cells express receptors for, and proliferate in response to, pure interleukin 2.

1984 • 361 citations

Identification and initial characterization of a rat monoclonal antibody reactive with the murine interleukin 2 receptor-ligand complex.

1983 • 348 citations

NF-κB Subunit Regulation in Nontransformed CD4 ⁺ T Lymphocytes

1992 • 322 citations

Double-stranded RNA activates binding of NF-kappa B to an inducible element in the human beta-interferon promoter.

1989 • 317 citations

Shared Actions of Endotoxin and Taxol on TNF Receptors and TNF release

1990 • 288 citations

Interferons and bacterial lipopolysaccharide protect macrophages from productive infection by human immunodeficiency virus in vitro.

1989 • 283 citations

The molecular action of tumor necrosis factor-alpha

1991 • 279 citations

Oligonucleotide that binds nuclear factor NF-kappa B acts as a lymphoid-specific and inducible enhancer element.

1988 • 275 citations

IκBγ, a 70 kd protein identical to the C-terminal half of p110 NF-κB: A new member of the IκB family

1992 • 274 citations

Transfection of CD14 into 70Z/3 cells dramatically enhances the sensitivity to complexes of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS binding protein.

1992 • 260 citations

Initiation of Coagulation by Tissue Facto

1988 • 258 citations

Rel-Associated pp40: an Inhibitor of the Rel Family of Transcription Factors

1991 • 255 citations

Human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene regulation by virus and lipopolysaccharide.

1990 • 236 citations

The ankyrin repeat domains of the NF-kappa B precursor p105 and the protooncogene bcl-3 act as specific inhibitors of NF-kappa B DNA binding.

1992 • 234 citations

Enhancers and transcription factors controlling the inducibility of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha promoter in primary macrophages.

1991 • 226 citations

Lipopolysaccharide is a potent monocyte/macrophage-specific stimulator of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 expression.

1990 • 211 citations

NF-kappa B as inducible transcriptional activator of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene.

1990 • 205 citations

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (endotoxin) enhances expression and secretion of beta 2 interferon by human fibroblasts.

1987 • 199 citations

Protein kinase C-independent activation of nuclear factor kappa B by tumor necrosis factor.

1990 • 193 citations

Tumor necrosis factor induces rapid production of 1'2'diacylglycerol by a phosphatidylcholine-specific phospholipase C.

1991 • 188 citations

The inhibitory ankyrin and activator Rel proteins

1992 • 185 citations

Expression of functional IL 2 receptors by lipopolysaccharide and interferon-gamma stimulated human monocytes.

1987 • 176 citations

Production of tumor necrosis factor/cachectin by human B cell lines and tonsillar B cells.

1988 • 173 citations

T-Cell Activation Signals and Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type I-Encoded p40^x Protein Activate the Mouse Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Gene Through a Common DNA Element

1988 • 171 citations

A novel complex between the p65 subunit of NF-kappa B and c-Rel binds to a DNA element involved in the phorbol ester induction of the human urokinase gene.

1992 • 171 citations

An NF-kappa B-like transcription factor mediates IL-1/TNF-alpha induction of gro in human fibroblasts.

1991 • 167 citations

Expression and secretion of gro/MGSA by stimulated human endothelial cells.

1989 • 149 citations

Transcriptional regulation of the HIV-1 promoter by NF-kappa B in vitro.

1992 • 146 citations

Pertussis Toxin Inhibition of B Cell and Macrophage Responses to Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide

1986 • 140 citations

Direct association of pp40/I kappa B beta with rel/NF-kappa B transcription factors: role of ankyrin repeats in the inhibition of DNA binding activity.

1992 • 140 citations

Production of interleukin 1 activity by normal human peripheral blood B lymphocytes.

1985 • 138 citations

Human tumor necrosis factor alpha gene regulation in phorbol ester stimulated T and B cell lines.

1991 • 138 citations

The effect of LPS on expression of the early "competence" genes JE and KC in murine peritoneal macrophages.

1987 • 132 citations

Regulatory elements responsible for inducible expression of the granulocyte colony-stimulating factor gene in macrophages.

1990 • 122 citations

Molecular mechanisms in down-regulation of tumor necrosis factor expression.

1990 • 120 citations

A labile inhibitor blocks immunoglobulin kappa-light-chain-gene transcription in a pre-B leukemic cell line.

1986 • 109 citations

Proteins controlling the nuclear uptake of NF-κB, Rel and dorsal

1991 • 105 citations

Regulation of NF‐κB activity in murine macrophages: Effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and phorbol ester

1992 • 105 citations

Identification of a Naturally Occurring Transforming Variant of the p65 Subunit of NF-κB

1992 • 105 citations

Signals involved in interleukin 1 synthesis and release by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated monocytes/macrophages

1990 • 101 citations

Assay of Pyrogens by Interleukin-6 Release from Monocytic Cell Lines

1991 • 99 citations

Cecropia immunoresponsive factor, an insect immunoresponsive factor with DNA‐binding properties similar to nuclear‐factor KB

1992 • 92 citations

Activation of human monocyte--derived macrophages with lipopolysaccharide decreases human immunodeficiency virus replication in vitro at the level of gene expression.

1991 • 83 citations

CD18-deficient cells respond to lipopolysaccharide in vitro.

1990 • 82 citations

The physiology of the NF-κB transcription factor

1991 • 81 citations

The biology of the monocyte system.

1989 • 74 citations

Specific endotoxic lipopolysaccharide-binding receptors on murine splenocytes. III. Binding specificity and characterization.

1991 • 71 citations

Evidence that interleukin-1 and phorbol esters activate NF-kappa B by different pathways: role of protein kinase C.

1991 • 68 citations

A novel tumor necrosis factor-responsive transcription factor which recognizes a regulatory element in hemopoietic growth factor genes.

1990 • 67 citations

LR1, a lipopolysaccharide-responsive factor with binding sites in the immunoglobulin switch regions and heavy-chain enhancer.

1991 • 65 citations

Gangliosides suppress tumor necrosis factor production in human monocytes.

1992 • 64 citations

Macrophage colony-stimulating factor production by murine and human keratinocytes. Enhancement by bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

1990 • 59 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-induced NF-kappa B activation in mouse 70Z/3 pre-B lymphocytes is inhibited by mevinolin and 5'-methylthioadenosine: roles of protein isoprenylation and carboxyl methylation reactions.

1992 • 52 citations

Identification and characterization of lipopolysaccharide-binding proteins on human peripheral blood cell populations

1992 • 44 citations

A novel HIV-1 isolate containing alterations affecting the NF-κB element

1991 • 41 citations

Involvement of a nuclear factor-kappa B-like protein in induction of the macrophage colony-stimulating factor gene by tumor necrosis factor

1991 • 38 citations

Transcriptional regulation of immunoglobulin gene expression

1991 • 35 citations

Gene structure and function of granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor

1989 • 34 citations

Staphylococcus aureus and derived exotoxins induce nuclear factor kappa B-like activity in murine bone marrow macrophages

1992 • 31 citations

Constitutive monocyte-restricted activity of NF-M, a nuclear factor that binds to a C/EBP motif.

1992 • 30 citations

Structure and expression of mouse germline immunoglobulin γ3 heavy chain transcripts induced by the mitogen lipopolysaccharide

1991 • 22 citations

A lipopolysaccharide-induced DNA-binding protein for a class II gene in B cells is distinct from NF-kappa B.

1989 • 22 citations

1.3E2, a variant of the B lymphoma 70Z/3, defective in activation of NF-?B and OTF-2

1990 • 21 citations

Slow response variant of the B lymphoma 70Z/3 defective in LPS activation of NF-?B

1990 • 12 citations

In situ Detection of Stage-Specific Genes and Enhancers in B Cell Differentiation via Gene-Search Retroviruses

1991 • 3 citations