TGF-β: the perpetrator of immune suppression by regulatory T cells and suicidal T cells

Control of Regulatory T Cell Development by the Transcription Factor Foxp3

2003 • 7,902 citations

Foxp3 programs the development and function of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells

2003 • 7,470 citations

Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways in TGF-β family signalling

2003 • 5,052 citations

Conversion of Peripheral CD4+CD25− Naive T Cells to CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells by TGF-β Induction of Transcription Factor Foxp3

2003 • 4,529 citations

Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF.

1998 • 3,085 citations

Targeted disruption of the mouse transforming growth factor-β1 gene results in multifocal inflammatory disease

1992 • 2,969 citations

Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4 Plays an Essential Role in the Function of Cd25+Cd4+ Regulatory Cells That Control Intestinal Inflammation

2000 • 2,211 citations

Immunologic Self-Tolerance Maintained by Cd25+Cd4+Regulatory T Cells Constitutively Expressing Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–Associated Antigen 4

2000 • 2,207 citations

CD4+CD25+ suppressor T cells: more questions than answers

2002 • 2,202 citations

B7/CD28 Costimulation Is Essential for the Homeostasis of the CD4+CD25+ Immunoregulatory T Cells that Control Autoimmune Diabetes

2000 • 2,090 citations

Toll Pathway-Dependent Blockade of CD4 ⁺ CD25 ⁺ T Cell-Mediated Suppression by Dendritic Cells

2003 • 2,023 citations

Regulatory T Cell Clones Induced by Oral Tolerance: Suppression of Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

1994 • 1,995 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 null mutation in mice causes excessive inflammatory response and early death.

1993 • 1,941 citations

Identification of Smad7, a TGFβ-inducible antagonist of TGF-β signalling

1997 • 1,774 citations

Stimulation of CD25+CD4+ regulatory T cells through GITR breaks immunological self-tolerance

2002 • 1,745 citations

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells control Leishmania major persistence and immunity

2002 • 1,733 citations

Production of transforming growth factor beta by human T lymphocytes and its potential role in the regulation of T cell growth.

1986 • 1,617 citations

Cell Contact–Dependent Immunosuppression by Cd4+Cd25+Regulatory T Cells Is Mediated by Cell Surface–Bound Transforming Growth Factor β

2001 • 1,609 citations

Making sense of latent TGFβ activation

2002 • 1,579 citations

Acquisition of Lymphokine-Producing Phenotype by CD4+ T Cells

1994 • 1,573 citations

CD4+CD25+ Immunoregulatory T Cells

2002 • 1,434 citations

Homozygous C1q deficiency causes glomerulonephritis associated with multiple apoptotic bodies

1998 • 1,431 citations

The MAD-Related Protein Smad7 Associates with the TGFβ Receptor and Functions as an Antagonist of TGFβ Signaling

1997 • 1,328 citations

Transforming growth factor type beta induces monocyte chemotaxis and growth factor production.

1987 • 1,287 citations

Thymus and Autoimmunity: Production of CD25+CD4+ Naturally Anergic and Suppressive T Cells as a Key Function of the Thymus in Maintaining Immunologic Self-Tolerance

1999 • 1,223 citations

The immunology of susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania major in mice

2002 • 1,173 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta in disease: the dark side of tissue repair.

1992 • 1,126 citations

Phosphatidylserine-dependent ingestion of apoptotic cells promotes TGF-β1 secretion and the resolution of inflammation

2002 • 1,090 citations

Smad6 inhibits signalling by the TGF-β superfamily

1997 • 1,026 citations

Regulatory T Cells Selectively Express Toll-like Receptors and Are Activated by Lipopolysaccharide

2003 • 976 citations

Mice lacking Smad3 show accelerated wound healing and an impaired local inflammatory response

1999 • 912 citations

Phosphatidylserine-dependent ingestion of apoptotic cells promotes TGF-β1 secretion and the resolution of inflammation

2002 • 897 citations

Oral Tolerance: Immunologic Mechanisms and Treatment of Animal and Human Organ-Specific Autoimmune Diseases by Oral Administration of Autoantigens

1994 • 895 citations

Targeted disruption of SMAD3 results in impaired mucosal immunity and diminished T cell responsiveness to TGF-beta

1999 • 890 citations

Inhibition of transforming growth factor-β/SMAD signalling by the interferon-γ/STAT pathway

1999 • 800 citations

Antigen-specific regulatory T cells develop via the ICOS–ICOS-ligand pathway and inhibit allergen-induced airway hyperreactivity

2002 • 785 citations

CD4 Regulatory T Cells Prevent Lethal Autoimmunity in IL-2Rβ-Deficient Mice

2002 • 783 citations

A Hierarchical Role for Classical Pathway Complement Proteins in the Clearance of Apoptotic Cells in Vivo

2000 • 733 citations

Mechanisms of suppression of macrophage nitric oxide release by transforming growth factor beta.

1993 • 658 citations

CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells Can Mediate Suppressor Function in the Absence of Transforming Growth Factor β1 Production and Responsiveness

2002 • 614 citations

Mechanism of Transforming Growth Factor β–induced Inhibition of T Helper Type 1 Differentiation

2002 • 501 citations

B cells and professional APCs recruit regulatory T cells via CCL4

2001 • 496 citations

Transforming growth factor beta: the good, the bad, and the ugly.

1994 • 491 citations

Generation Ex Vivo of TGF-β-Producing Regulatory T Cells from CD4+CD25− Precursors

2002 • 461 citations

Involvement of the p38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway in Transforming Growth Factor-β-induced Gene Expression

1999 • 441 citations

Transforming Growth Factor-β in Leishmanial Infection: a Parasite Escape Mechanism

1992 • 439 citations

CD4 ⁺ CD25 ⁺ T regulatory cells control anti-islet CD8 ⁺ T cells through TGF-β–TGF-β receptor interactions in type 1 diabetes

2003 • 439 citations

TGF-β Released by Apoptotic T Cells Contributes to an Immunosuppressive Milieu

2001 • 414 citations

Reciprocal IFN-γ and TGF-β responses regulate the occurrence of mucosal inflammation

1997 • 399 citations

Modulation of Macrophage Function by Transforming Growth Factor ?, Interleukin-4, and Interleukin-10

1993 • 393 citations

Cutting Edge: TGF-β Inhibits Th Type 2 Development Through Inhibition of GATA-3 Expression

2000 • 383 citations

Type 1 Interferon (IFNα/β) and Type 2 Nitric Oxide Synthase Regulate the Innate Immune Response to a Protozoan Parasite

1998 • 371 citations

Engagement of Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte–associated Antigen 4 (CTLA-4) Induces Transforming Growth Factor β (TGF-β) Production by Murine CD4+ T Cells

1998 • 359 citations

TGF-β: from latent to active

1999 • 329 citations

Defective repression of c- myc in breast cancer cells: A loss at the core of the transforming growth factor β growth arrest program

2001 • 320 citations

Pancreatic Lymph Node-Derived CD4+CD25+ Treg Cells

2002 • 312 citations

Emerging fungal pathogens: evolving challenges to immunocompromised patients for the twenty‐first century

1999 • 295 citations

Macrophage- and astrocyte-derived transforming growth factor beta as a mediator of central nervous system dysfunction in acquired immune deficiency syndrome.

1991 • 295 citations

Failure of egg cylinder elongation and mesoderm induction in mouse embryos lacking the tumor suppressor smad2

1998 • 295 citations

Suppressor T cells – they’re back and critical for regulation of autoimmunity!

2001 • 289 citations

Foxp3 and Natural Regulatory T Cells

2003 • 278 citations

Enhanced production of TGF-beta by blood monocytes from patients with active tuberculosis and presence of TGF-beta in tuberculous granulomatous lung lesions.

1995 • 265 citations

Rapid onset synovial inflammation and hyperplasia induced by transforming growth factor beta.

1990 • 264 citations

TGFβ1 Inhibits NF-κB/Rel Activity Inducing Apoptosis of B Cells: Transcriptional Activation of IκBα

1996 • 252 citations

Disruption of T Cell Homeostasis in Mice Expressing a T Cell–Specific Dominant Negative Transforming Growth Factor β II Receptor

2000 • 248 citations

Immune dysregulation in TGF-beta 1-deficient mice.

1994 • 231 citations

Transforming growth factor beta 1 suppresses acute and chronic arthritis in experimental animals.

1991 • 226 citations

CD4+CD25− T Cells That Express Latency-Associated Peptide on the Surface Suppress CD4+CD45RBhigh-Induced Colitis by a TGF-β-Dependent Mechanism

2003 • 224 citations

TGF-beta promotes immune deviation by altering accessory signals of antigen-presenting cells.

1998 • 217 citations

Transforming growth factor beta enhances integrin expression and type IV collagenase secretion in human monocytes.

1993 • 211 citations

TGF-β: the missing link in CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cell-mediated immunosuppression

2003 • 207 citations

Apoptotic Cells and Innate Immune Stimuli Combine to Regulate Macrophage Cytokine Secretion

2003 • 206 citations

Transforming Growth Factor β Production Is Inversely Correlated with Severity of Murine Malaria Infection

1998 • 193 citations

IL-10 and TGF- induce alloreactive CD4+CD25- T cells to acquire regulatory cell function

2003 • 185 citations

Increased T Cell Autoreactivity in the Absence of CD40-CD40 Ligand Interactions: A Role of CD40 in Regulatory T Cell Development

2001 • 181 citations

TGF-beta suppresses IFN-gamma induction of class II MHC gene expression by inhibiting class II transactivator messenger RNA expression.

1997 • 177 citations

Activation of TGF-β by Leishmania chagasi: Importance for Parasite Survival in Macrophages

2003 • 174 citations

Transforming Growth Factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and TGF-β2 Decrease Expression of CD36, the Type B Scavenger Receptor, through Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Phosphorylation of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor-γ

2000 • 168 citations

Trypanosome invasion of mammalian cells requires activation of the TGFβ signaling pathway

1995 • 158 citations

TGF-β Promotes Immune Deviation by Altering Accessory Signals of Antigen-Presenting Cells

1998 • 155 citations

Type I transforming growth factor-beta receptors on neutrophils mediate chemotaxis to transforming growth factor-beta.

1991 • 154 citations

Arginases in parasitic diseases

2002 • 154 citations

Diminished production of anti-inflammatory mediators during neutrophil apoptosis and macrophage phagocytosis in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD)

2003 • 154 citations

In vitrorestoration of T cell responses in tuberculosis and augmentation of monocyte effector function againstMycobacterium tuberculosisby natural inhibitors of transforming growth factor β

1997 • 148 citations

The Early IL-4 Response toLeishmania majorand the Resulting Th2 Cell Maturation Steering Progressive Disease in BALB/c Mice Are Subject to the Control of Regulatory CD4+CD25+ T Cells

2002 • 146 citations

CD8 is critically involved in lymphocyte activation by a T. brucei brucei-released molecule

1993 • 142 citations

TGF-β signaling from receptors to the nucleus

1999 • 141 citations

The importance of TGF-beta in murine visceral leishmaniasis.

1998 • 141 citations

TGF-β in infections and infectious diseases

1999 • 125 citations

TGF-beta inhibits IL-12-induced activation of Jak-STAT pathway in T lymphocytes.

1998 • 124 citations

Anti-TGF-beta treatment promotes rapid healing of Leishmania major infection in mice by enhancing in vivo nitric oxide production.

1999 • 122 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta induces human T lymphocyte migration in vitro.

1991 • 119 citations

Low dose TGF-beta attenuates IL-12 responsiveness in murine Th cells.

1998 • 117 citations

The Importance of TGF-β in Murine Visceral Leishmaniasis

1998 • 117 citations

TGF-β: A Balancing Act

1998 • 116 citations

Requirement for Transforming Growth Factor β1 in Controlling T Cell Apoptosis

2001 • 116 citations

TGF-β Inhibits IL-12-Induced Activation of Jak-STAT Pathway in T Lymphocytes

1998 • 107 citations

TGF-β Mediates CTLA-4 Suppression of Cellular Immunity in Murine Kalaazar

2000 • 104 citations

Aberrant Toll Receptor Expression and Endotoxin Hypersensitivity in Mice Lacking a Functional TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway

2004 • 103 citations

Oral tolerance.

1998 • 102 citations

Anti-TGF-β Treatment Promotes Rapid Healing ofLeishmania majorInfection in Mice by Enhancing In Vivo Nitric Oxide Production

1999 • 96 citations

The role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in Leishmania infection

2003 • 96 citations

Low Dose TGF-β Attenuates IL-12 Responsiveness in Murine Th Cells

1998 • 96 citations

Fas- and activation-induced apoptosis are reduced in human T cells preactivated in the presence of TGF-beta 1.

1996 • 94 citations

TGF-beta is important in determining the in vivo patterns of susceptibility or resistance in mice infected with Candida albicans.

1995 • 93 citations

Spontaneous elaboration of transforming growth factor beta suppresses host defense against bacterial infection in autoimmune MRL/lpr mice.

1994 • 85 citations

TGF-β1 Suppresses Myeloid Fcγ Receptor Function by Regulating the Expression and Function of the Common γ-Subunit

2003 • 83 citations

Conditional loss of TGF‐β signalling leads to increased susceptibility to gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in mice

2002 • 81 citations

TGF-β: Receptors, Signaling Pathways and Autoimmunity

2001 • 77 citations

Manipulation of TGF-β to control autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases

1999 • 72 citations

Cutting Edge: CTLA-4 (CD152) Differentially Regulates Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases (Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase and c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase) in CD4+ T Cells from Receptor/Ligand-Deficient Mice

2002 • 71 citations

TGF-β influences the life and death decisions of T lymphocytes

2000 • 70 citations

Oral delivery of group A streptococcal cell walls augments circulating TGF-beta and suppresses streptococcal cell wall arthritis.

1998 • 66 citations

Reduced surface expression of transforming growth factor beta receptor type II in mitogen-activated T cells from Sézary patients.

1995 • 65 citations

An overview of regulatory T cells

2001 • 64 citations

Co-stimulation of T cell proliferation by transforming growth factor-beta 1.

1991 • 62 citations

Cytokine regulation of schistosome-induced granuloma and fibrosis

1997 • 59 citations

TGF-β: 20 years and counting

1999 • 53 citations

Immune regulation by regulatory T cells: implications for transplantation

2003 • 53 citations

Special attractions for suppressor T cells

2003 • 51 citations

Transforming growth factor‐β negatively modulates T‐cell responses in sepsis

1997 • 47 citations

Oral Delivery of Group A Streptococcal Cell Walls Augments Circulating TGF-β and Suppresses Streptococcal Cell Wall Arthritis

1998 • 44 citations

Dysregulation of IFN-γ Signaling Pathways in the Absence of TGF-β1

2002 • 40 citations

TGF-β: How Tolerant Can It Be?

2003 • 40 citations

Transforming growth factor β in infectious disease: always there for the host and the pathogen

1999 • 35 citations

Transforming growth factor beta is protective in host resistance against Listeria monocytogenes infection in mice

1996 • 30 citations

Infiltration of neutrophils following injection of apoptotic cells into the peritoneal cavity.

2001 • 26 citations

Transforming growth factor-beta in tegumentary leishmaniasis.

1994 • 23 citations

Phototherapy: UVB and PUVA.

1999 • 22 citations