Superoxide: a two-edged sword

Superoxide Dismutase

1969 • 12,578 citations

Oxidants, antioxidants, and the degenerative diseases of aging.

1993 • 6,011 citations

Free Radicals in Biology and Medicine

1990 • 4,962 citations

Function and Activation of NF-kappaB in the Immune System

1994 • 4,698 citations

Reactive oxygen intermediates as apparently widely used messengers in the activation of the NF-kappa B transcription factor and HIV-1.

1991 • 3,819 citations

SUPEROXIDE RADICAL AND SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASES

1995 • 3,305 citations

[44] Glutathione peroxidase

1981 • 2,990 citations

Biological Defense Mechanisms. THE PRODUCTION BY LEUKOCYTES OF SUPEROXIDE, A POTENTIAL BACTERICIDAL AGENT

1973 • 2,955 citations

Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.

1994 • 2,753 citations

Protein Oxidation and Aging

1992 • 2,687 citations

Peroxynitrite oxidation of sulfhydryls.

1991 • 2,479 citations

Angiotensin II-mediated hypertension in the rat increases vascular superoxide production via membrane NADH/NADPH oxidase activation. Contribution to alterations of vasomotor tone.

1996 • 2,456 citations

Lipid peroxidation: its mechanism, measurement, and significance

1993 • 2,324 citations

DNA Damage and Oxygen Radical Toxicity

1988 • 1,964 citations

Ascorbate is an outstanding antioxidant in human blood plasma.

1989 • 1,876 citations

Superoxide Dismutases

1975 • 1,673 citations

Dithiocarbamates as potent inhibitors of nuclear factor kappa B activation in intact cells.

1992 • 1,524 citations

REPAIR OF OXIDATIVE DAMAGE TO DNA: Enzymology and Biology

1994 • 1,435 citations

Importance of SE-glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and CU/ZN-SOD for cell survival against oxidative stress

1994 • 1,178 citations

Mechanisms of free radical oxidation of unsaturated lipids

1995 • 1,158 citations

BIOCHEMISTRY OF OXYGEN TOXICITY

1989 • 1,046 citations

Cellular basis of defective sperm function and its association with the genesis of reactive oxygen species by human spermatozoa

1987 • 1,029 citations

Studies on the chlorinating activity of myeloperoxidase.

1976 • 918 citations

Role of oxygen free radicals in carcinogenesis and brain ischemia

1990 • 885 citations

Metal-catalyzed oxidation of proteins. Physiological consequences

1991 • 877 citations

Protein damage and degradation by oxygen radicals. II. Modification of amino acids.

1987 • 840 citations

ROLE OF REVERSIBLE OXIDATION-REDUCTION OF ENZYME THIOLS-DISULFIDES IN METABOLIC REGULATION

1985 • 840 citations

Glutathione-ascorbic acid antioxidant system in animals

1994 • 825 citations

Chlorination of Taurine by Human Neutrophils

1982 • 794 citations

Oxidative damage to brain proteins, loss of glutamine synthetase activity, and production of free radicals during ischemia/reperfusion-induced injury to gerbil brain.

1990 • 787 citations

A Controlled Trial of Interferon Gamma to Prevent Infection in Chronic Granulomatous Disease

1991 • 785 citations

Malondialdehyde-Altered Protein Occurs in Atheroma of Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic Rabbits

1988 • 757 citations

Inflammation and cancer: role of phagocyte-generated oxidants in carcinogenesis

1990 • 741 citations

Urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine as a biological marker of in vivo oxidative DNA damage.

1989 • 733 citations

Altered Reactivity of Superoxide Dismutase in Familial Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

1996 • 718 citations

Catalase: Physical and chemical properties, mechanism of catalysis, and physiological role.

1970 • 673 citations

Human fibroblasts release reactive oxygen species in response to interleukin-1 or tumour necrosis factor-α

1989 • 660 citations

New Concepts in the Biology and Biochemistry of Ascorbic Acid

1986 • 650 citations

DNA strand breakage, activation of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase, and cellular energy depletion are involved in the cytotoxicity of macrophages and smooth muscle cells exposed to peroxynitrite.

1996 • 630 citations

The inactivation of Fe-S cluster containing hydro-lyases by superoxide.

1993 • 628 citations

The respiratory burst oxidase.

1994 • 608 citations

Quantitation of nitrotyrosine levels in lung sections of patients and animals with acute lung injury.

1994 • 599 citations

Oxidative damage to DNA: relation to species metabolic rate and life span.

1988 • 587 citations

Human copper-zinc superoxide dismutase transgenic mice are highly resistant to reperfusion injury after focal cerebral ischemia.

1994 • 571 citations

The antioxidant action of taurine, hypotaurine and their metabolic precursors

1988 • 558 citations

Ferritin and superoxide-dependent lipid peroxidation.

1985 • 532 citations

The voltage sensor of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore is tuned by the oxidation-reduction state of vicinal thiols. Increase of the gating potential by oxidants and its reversal by reducing agents

1994 • 527 citations

Protective role of vitamin E in biological systems

1991 • 515 citations

Oxidoreductive regulation of nuclear factor kappa B. Involvement of a cellular reducing catalyst thioredoxin

1993 • 490 citations

Superoxide Radical and Iron Modulate Aconitase Activity in Mammalian Cells

1995 • 467 citations

Oxidative Autoactivation of Latent Collagenase by Human Neutrophils

1985 • 466 citations

Vitamin E and oxidative stress

1991 • 461 citations

Comparative reactivities of various biological compounds with myeloperoxidase-hydrogen peroxide-chloride, and similarity of oxidant to hypochlorite

1985 • 459 citations

Vitamin E as an in Vitro and in Vivo Antioxidant^a

1989 • 447 citations

Biological reactivity of hypochlorous acid: implications for microbicidal mechanisms of leukocyte myeloperoxidase.

1981 • 443 citations

OxyR, a positive regulator of hydrogen peroxide-inducible genes in Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium, is homologous to a family of bacterial regulatory proteins.

1989 • 415 citations

p21 as a Common Signaling Target of Reactive Free Radicals and Cellular Redox Stress

1995 • 409 citations

Redox modulation of p53 conformation and sequence-specific DNA binding in vitro.

1993 • 406 citations

Chlorination of endogenous amines by isolated neutrophils. Ammonia-dependent bactericidal, cytotoxic, and cytolytic activities of the chloramines.

1984 • 397 citations

Long-Lived Oxidants Generated by Human Neutrophils: Characterization and Bioactivity

1983 • 396 citations

Amyloid peptides are toxic via a common oxidative mechanism.

1995 • 372 citations

Brominating Oxidants Generated by Human Eosinophils

1986 • 364 citations

Peroxynitrite disables the tyrosine phosphorylation regulatory mechanism: Lymphocyte-specific tyrosine kinase fails to phosphorylate nitrated cdc2(6-20)NH2 peptide.

1996 • 341 citations

An Occidental Case of Cardiomyopathy and Selenium Deficiency

1981 • 340 citations

SELENIUM BIOCHEMISTRY

1990 • 340 citations

Damage to the Bases in DNA Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide and Ferric Ion Chelates

1989 • 332 citations

Peroxynitrite-mediated DNA strand breakage activates poly-adenosine diphosphate ribosyl synthetase and causes cellular energy depletion in macrophages stimulated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

1996 • 322 citations

Chlorination of Tyrosyl Residues in Peptides by Myeloperoxidase and Human Neutrophils

1995 • 321 citations

Oxygen-dependent mutagenesis in Escherichia coli lacking superoxide dismutase.

1986 • 314 citations

Biological Defense Mechanisms THE EFFECT OF BACTERIA AND SERUM ON SUPEROXIDE PRODUCTION BY GRANULOCYTES

1974 • 309 citations

Fenton chemistry. Amino acid oxidation.

1991 • 290 citations

Predominant role of catalase in the disposal of hydrogen peroxide within human erythrocytes

1996 • 290 citations

Enzymatic defenses against the toxicity of oxygen and of streptonigrin in Escherichia coli

1977 • 263 citations

Intracellular singlet oxygen generation by phagocytosing neutrophils in response to particles coated with a chemical trap.

1992 • 259 citations

Myeloperoxidase-dependent effect of amines on functions of isolated neutrophils.

1983 • 257 citations

Identification of two cysteine residues that are required for redox modulation of the NMDA subtype of glutamate receptor

1994 • 251 citations

Iron and free radical reactions: two aspects of antioxidant protection

1986 • 249 citations

Myeloperoxidase Deficiency

1981 • 246 citations

Mutations in PMR1 suppress oxidative damage in yeast cells lacking superoxide dismutase

1995 • 241 citations

Superoxide dismutase-rich bacteria. Paradoxical increase in oxidant toxicity.

1987 • 238 citations

Identification of a superoxide-generating NADPH oxidase system in human fibroblasts

1991 • 233 citations

Redox regulation of signal transduction: tyrosine phosphorylation and calcium influx.

1994 • 220 citations

Antioxidant protection of phospholipid bilayers by alpha-tocopherol. Control of alpha-tocopherol status and lipid peroxidation by ascorbic acid and glutathione.

1986 • 219 citations

Chronic Granulomatous Disease

1977 • 209 citations

Perhydroxyl radical (HOO.) initiated lipid peroxidation. The role of fatty acid hydroperoxides

1991 • 209 citations

Singlet oxygen production by human eosinophils.

1988 • 207 citations

Binuclear [2Fe-2S] Clusters in the Escherichia coli SoxR Protein and Role of the Metal Centers in Transcription

1995 • 206 citations

Singlet molecular oxygen in the Haber-Weiss reaction.

1994 • 200 citations

Involvement of an NAD(P)H oxidase as a pO2 sensor protein in the rat carotid body

1990 • 199 citations

Activation of the Lck tyrosine protein kinase by hydrogen peroxide requires the phosphorylation of Tyr-394.

1995 • 179 citations

Oxidation of Bromide by the Human Leukocyte Enzymes Myeloperoxidase and Eosinophil Peroxidase

1995 • 174 citations

The role and mechanism of metal ions and their complexes in enhancing damage in biological systems or in protecting these systems from these systems from the toxicity of O2−

1986 • 174 citations

Peroxynitrite-mediated nitration of tyrosine residues in Escherichia coli glutamine synthetase mimics adenylylation: relevance to signal transduction.

1996 • 171 citations

Effect of Altered Redox States on Expression and DNA-Binding Activity of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1

1995 • 171 citations

Cardioprotection by Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase is lost at high doses in the reoxygenated heart

1990 • 157 citations

The DNA‐Binding Efficiency of Sp1 is Affected by Redox Changes

1994 • 156 citations

Role of tocopherols in the protection of biological systems against oxidative damage

1991 • 151 citations

DNA and redox state induced conformational changes in the DNA-binding domain of the Myb oncoprotein.

1993 • 146 citations

Oxygen, iron, carbon, and superoxide control of the fumarase fumA and fumC genes of Escherichia coli: role of the arcA, fnr, and soxR gene products

1995 • 144 citations

Regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation in neutrophils by the NADPH oxidase. Role of reactive oxygen intermediates

1993 • 132 citations

Myeloperoxidase-catalyzed incorporation of amines into proteins: role of hypochlorous acid and dichloramines

1982 • 132 citations

The cardioprotective effect of Mn-superoxide dismutase is lost at high doses in the postischemic isolated rabbit heart

1990 • 132 citations

Oxidation of chloride and thiocyanate by isolated leukocytes.

1986 • 129 citations

The production of DNA strand breaks in human leukocytes by superoxide anion may involve a metabolic process.

1985 • 124 citations

Reactive Oxygen Intermediates Mediate Angiotensin II-induced c-Jun•c-Fos Heterodimer DNA Binding Activity and Proliferative Hypertrophic Responses in Myogenic Cells

1995 • 122 citations

The Chemistry of Free Radicals

1993 • 121 citations

Phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase is the 18-kDa selenoprotein expressed in human tumor cell lines.

1991 • 118 citations

Superoxide dismutase amplifies organismal sensitivity to ionizing radiation

1989 • 116 citations

Alteration of endogenous glutathione peroxidase, manganese superoxide dismutase, and glutathione transferase activity in cells transfected with a copper-zinc superoxide dismutase expression vector. Explanation for variations in paraquat resistance.

1990 • 112 citations

The Redox Properties of Protein Disulfide Isomerase (DsbA) of Escherichia coli Result from a Tense Conformation of its Oxidized Form

1993 • 112 citations

Cytochrome c reduction by semiquinone radicals can be indirectly inhibited by superoxide dismutase

1981 • 108 citations

Collagenolytic metalloenzymes of the human neutrophil

1986 • 102 citations

Molecular interaction between ryanodine receptor and glycoprotein triadin involves redox cycling of functionally important hyperreactive sulfhydryls

1994 • 92 citations

Immunohistochemical demonstration of four subunits of neutrophil NAD(P)H oxidase in type I cells of carotid body

1995 • 90 citations

Differential induction of nuclear NF-kappa B by protein phosphatase inhibitors in primary and transformed human cells. Requirement for both oxidation and phosphorylation in nuclear translocation.

1993 • 89 citations

Ambidextrous transcriptional activation by SoxS: requirement for the C‐terminal domain of the RNA polymerase alpha subunit in a subset of Escherichia coli superoxide‐inducible genes

1996 • 89 citations

Activation of SoxR-dependent Transcription in Vitro by Noncatalytic or NifS-mediated Assembly of [2Fe-2S[ Clusters into Apo-SoxR

1996 • 83 citations

Interaction of Ascorbate and α-Tocopherol in Resealed Human Erythrocyte Ghosts

1996 • 83 citations

Ascorbyl radical as natural indicator of oxidative stress: quantitative regularities

1994 • 82 citations

The DNA Binding Activity and the Dimerization Ability of the Thyroid Transcription Factor I Are Redox Regulated

1995 • 80 citations

Differential modulation by sulfhydryl redox agents and glutathione of GABA- and glycine-evoked currents in rat retinal ganglion cells

1995 • 79 citations

Glutathione Peroxidase

1988 • 76 citations

The DNA cleavage mechanism of iron-bleomycin. Kinetic resolution of strand scission from base propenal release.

1986 • 75 citations

Effect of nitric oxide and cell redox status on the regulation of endothelial cell xanthine dehydrogenase

1995 • 74 citations

Selenium repletion and glutathione peroxidase— differential effects on plasma and red blood cell enzyme activity

1985 • 73 citations

Identification of a conserved oxidation-sensitive cysteine residue in the NFI family of DNA-binding proteins.

1994 • 72 citations

Inverse relationship between the induction of human sperm capacitation and spontaneous acrosome reaction by various biological fluids and the superoxide scavenging capacity of these fluids

1993 • 64 citations

Oxidation of cysteines activates cGMP-dependent protein kinase.

1991 • 64 citations

Respiratory burst oxidase of fertilization.

1989 • 63 citations

Suppression of inflammatory arthritis by simultaneous inhibition of nitric oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase

1996 • 62 citations

Taurine scavenges oxidized chlorine in biological systems.

1985 • 62 citations

Protection against free radical injury by selenoenzymes

1990 • 56 citations

The meaning of H2O2 generation in carotid body cells for PO2 chemoreception

1992 • 56 citations

Cooperative DNA Binding of the Human HoxB5 (Hox-2.1) Protein Is Under Redox Regulation In Vitro

1993 • 55 citations

Human Fibroblasts Release Low Amounts of Reactive Oxygen Species in Response to the Potent Phagocyte Stimulants, Serum-Treated Zymosan, N-Formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, Leukotriene B₄or 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol 13-Acetate

1990 • 55 citations

DNA binding activity of the glucocorticoid receptor is sensitive to redox changes in intact cells

1995 • 55 citations

Loss of DNA-membrane interactions and cessation of DNA synthesis in myeloperoxidase-treated Escherichia coli.

1990 • 54 citations

Mechanism of light modulation: identification of potential redox-sensitive cysteines distal to catalytic site in light-activated chloroplast enzymes

1994 • 51 citations

Resolutin of the coenzyme B-12-independent dehydratases of Klebsiella sp. and Citrobacter freundii

1979 • 44 citations

Iron release from ferritin and its sensitivity to superoxide ions differs among vertebrates

1994 • 43 citations

Fast kinetic studies of dioxygen-derived species and their metal complexes

1985 • 43 citations

Phenotypic rescue by a bovine transgene in a Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-null mutant of Drosophila melanogaster.

1994 • 40 citations

Tumor necrosis factor primes neutrophils for hypochlorous acid production

1989 • 32 citations

Postischemic dysfunction of the heart induced by small numbers of neutrophils via formation of hypochlorous acid

1993 • 32 citations

Changes in redox affect the activity of erythropoietin RNA binding protein

1995 • 31 citations

Escherichia coli iron superoxide dismutase targeted to the mitochondria of yeast cells protects the cells against oxidative stress.

1995 • 30 citations

Multiple forms of long‐term potentiation and multiple regulatory sites of N‐methyl‐<scp>D</scp>‐aspartate receptors: Role of the redox site

1995 • 30 citations

Long-lasting modification of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor channel by a voltage-dependent sulfhydryl redox process.

1993 • 30 citations

Cooperative DNA binding of the human HoxB5 (Hox-2.1) protein is under redox regulation in vitro.

1993 • 30 citations

Hereditary Myeloperoxidase Deficiency: Study of 12 Cases

1982 • 28 citations

A new puzzle in selenoprotein biosynthesis: selenocysteine seems to be encoded by the ‘stop’ codon, UGA

1987 • 28 citations

Kinetic study of the reaction of vitamin C with vitamin E radicals (tocopheroxyls) in solution

1989 • 27 citations

Lipoperoxidative injury to macrophages by oxidatively modified low density lipoprotein may play an important role in foam cell formation

1996 • 27 citations

Kinetic study of the reaction between vitamin E radical and alkyl hydroperoxides in solution

1988 • 27 citations

The Effect of Changes in Iron Redox State on the Activity of Enzymes Sensitive to Modification of SH Groups

1993 • 24 citations

Hypochlorite-Modified Adenine Nucleotides: Structure, Spin-Trapping, and Formation by Activated Guinea Pig Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

1990 • 23 citations

Drosophila insulin receptor: lectin-binding properties and a role for oxidation-reduction of receptor thiols in activation.

1995 • 22 citations

Glutathione-Dependent Dehydroascorbate Reduction: a Determinant of Dehydroascorbate Uptake by Human Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes

1980 • 22 citations

Effect of transition-state analogs on the redox properties of medium-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase

1995 • 18 citations

Redox regulation of maize NADP-malic enzyme by thiol-disulfide interchange: effect of reduced thioredoxin on activity

1994 • 17 citations

Determination of Superoxide and Ascorbyl Radicals in the Circulation of Animals under Oxidative Stress

1994 • 13 citations

Redox Regulation of in Vitro DNA-binding Activity by the Homeodomain of the Isl-1 Protein

1993 • 13 citations

Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase mutations and free radical damage in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

1995 • 12 citations

Switches in enzymes

1991 • 10 citations

Molecular and biochemical aspects of selenium metabolism and deficiency.

1993 • 10 citations

Modulation of 3α-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Activity by the Redox State of Glutathione

1993 • 7 citations

Catalase and dehydroascorbate reductase in human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN): Possible functional relationship

1979 • 6 citations

Prevention Of Keshan Cardiomyopathy By Sodium Selenite

2009 • 6 citations

TREATMENT OF GLUTATHIONE PEROXIDASE DEFICIENCY WITH VITAMIN E

2009 • 1 citations

EXPANDING KNOWLEDGE OF ASCORBIC ACID METABOLISM

2009 • 1 citations