Potential for vitamin D receptor agonists in the treatment of cardiovascular disease

Chronic Kidney Disease and the Risks of Death, Cardiovascular Events, and Hospitalization

2004 • 10,671 citations

Toll-Like Receptor Triggering of a Vitamin D-Mediated Human Antimicrobial Response

2006 • 3,773 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

2008 • 2,273 citations

The Role of Vitamin D and Calcium in Type 2 Diabetes. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2007 • 1,928 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a negative endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system

2002 • 1,778 citations

Vitamin D: importance in the prevention of cancers, type 1 diabetes, heart disease, and osteoporosis

2004 • 1,664 citations

Influence of Season and Latitude on the Cutaneous Synthesis of Vitamin D₃: Exposure to Winter Sunlight in Boston and Edmonton Will Not Promote Vitamin D₃Synthesis in Human Skin*

1988 • 1,640 citations

Hypovitaminosis D is associated with insulin resistance and β cell dysfunction

2004 • 1,601 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 is a negative endocrine regulator of the renin-angiotensin system

2002 • 1,556 citations

Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis

2006 • 1,457 citations

Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: Results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease

2006 • 1,440 citations

Arterial Calcifications, Arterial Stiffness, and Cardiovascular Risk in End-Stage Renal Disease

2001 • 1,391 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Risk of Mortality in the General Population

2008 • 1,205 citations

Independent Association of Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D Levels With All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality

2008 • 1,200 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Risk of Myocardial Infarction in Men<subtitle>A Prospective Study</subtitle>

2008 • 1,132 citations

Vitamin D Supplementation and Total Mortality<subtitle>A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials</subtitle>

2007 • 1,127 citations

Noncalcemic Actions of Vitamin D Receptor Ligands

2005 • 962 citations

Survival of Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis with Paricalcitol or Calcitriol Therapy

2003 • 930 citations

Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and Risk of Incident Hypertension

2007 • 906 citations

Survival predictability of time-varying indicators of bone disease in maintenance hemodialysis patients

2006 • 890 citations

Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and the Serum Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in the United States

2007 • 830 citations

Vitamin D levels and early mortality among incident hemodialysis patients

2007 • 783 citations

Activated Injectable Vitamin D and Hemodialysis Survival

2005 • 780 citations

Eight Americas: Investigating Mortality Disparities across Races, Counties, and Race-Counties in the United States

2006 • 757 citations

Vitamin D Deficiency Inhibits Pancreatic Secretion of Insulin

1980 • 717 citations

Vitamin D supplementation in early childhood and risk of type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2008 • 634 citations

The prevalence of vitamin D inadequacy amongst women with osteoporosis: an international epidemiological investigation

2006 • 614 citations

Effects of a Short-Term Vitamin D3 and Calcium Supplementation on Blood Pressure and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Elderly Women1

2001 • 596 citations

The NOD mouse model of type 1 diabetes: As good as it gets?

1999 • 592 citations

Premature cardiovascular disease in chronic renal failure

2000 • 579 citations

Arterial Calcifications and Bone Histomorphometry in End-Stage Renal Disease

2004 • 578 citations

Cardiac hypertrophy in vitamin D receptor knockout mice: role of the systemic and cardiac renin-angiotensin systems

2004 • 565 citations

Vascular Calcification Mechanisms

2004 • 560 citations

Vitamin D Receptor: New Assignments for an Already Busy Receptor

2006 • 555 citations

Vitamin D improves endothelial function in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus and low vitamin D levels

2008 • 551 citations

Systematic Review: Comparative Effectiveness of Treatments to Prevent Fractures in Men and Women with Low Bone Density or Osteoporosis

2008 • 521 citations

Active Serum Vitamin D Levels Are Inversely Correlated With Coronary Calcification

1997 • 488 citations

Role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus

2007 • 487 citations

A 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Analog Enhances Regulatory T-Cells and Arrests Autoimmune Diabetes in NOD Mice

2002 • 480 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 Suppresses Renin Gene Transcription by Blocking the Activity of the Cyclic AMP Response Element in the Renin Gene Promoter

2007 • 480 citations

Circulating MMP9, vitamin D and variation in the TIMP-1 response with VDR genotype: mechanisms for inflammatory damage in chronic disorders?

2002 • 470 citations

The coming of age of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 analogs as immunomodulatory agents

2002 • 469 citations

Prevention of autoimmune diabetes in NOD mice by 1,25 dihydroxyvitamin D3

1994 • 431 citations

Impaired insulin secretory capacity in mice lacking a functional vitamin D receptor

2003 • 429 citations

Putting cardiovascular disease and vitamin D insufficiency into perspective

2005 • 422 citations

A Crucial Role for the Vitamin D Receptor in Experimental Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

2003 • 405 citations

Mineral Metabolism and Arterial Functions in End-Stage Renal Disease

2007 • 404 citations

Mortality risk among hemodialysis patients receiving different vitamin D analogs

2006 • 391 citations

Calcium-independent and 1,25(OH)2D3-dependent regulation of the renin-angiotensin system in 1α-hydroxylase knockout mice

2008 • 390 citations

Calcium-Regulating Hormones in Essential Hypertension

1986 • 373 citations

Extra-renal 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-1α-hydroxylase in human health and disease

2007 • 372 citations

Antiproteinuric effect of oral paricalcitol in chronic kidney disease

2005 • 371 citations

Dietary Intake of Dairy Products, Calcium, and Vitamin D and the Risk of Hypertension in Middle-Aged and Older Women

2008 • 352 citations

Lower risk for cardiovascular mortality in oral 1 -hydroxy vitamin D3 users in a haemodialysis population

2003 • 351 citations

Effects of a Short-Term Vitamin D3 and Calcium Supplementation on Blood Pressure and Parathyroid Hormone Levels in Elderly Women

2001 • 349 citations

Changes in serum calcium, phosphate, and PTH and the risk of death in incident dialysis patients: A longitudinal study

2006 • 339 citations

Activated vitamin D attenuates left ventricular abnormalities induced by dietary sodium in Dahl salt-sensitive animals

2007 • 335 citations

Paricalcitol Reduces Albuminuria and Inflammation in Chronic Kidney Disease

2008 • 324 citations

Intravenous calcitriol regresses myocardial hypertrophy in hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism

1999 • 310 citations

Vitamin D in chronic kidney disease: A systemic role for selective vitamin D receptor activation

2005 • 305 citations

Renoprotective role of the vitamin D receptor in diabetic nephropathy

2007 • 296 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ Increases In Vitro Vascular Calcification by Modulating Secretion of Endogenous Parathyroid Hormone–Related Peptide

1998 • 294 citations

Combination therapy with AT1 blocker and vitamin D analog markedly ameliorates diabetic nephropathy: Blockade of compensatory renin increase

2008 • 285 citations

Paricalcitol Attenuates Renal Interstitial Fibrosis in Obstructive Nephropathy

2006 • 283 citations

Association of Activated Vitamin D Treatment and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease

2008 • 277 citations

Variability and Risk Factors for Kidney Disease Progression and Death Following Attainment of Stage 4 CKD in a Referred Cohort

2008 • 262 citations

Suppression of renin–angiotensin gene expression in the kidney by paricalcitol

2008 • 262 citations

1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3, and retinoic acid antagonize endothelin-stimulated hypertrophy of neonatal rat cardiac myocytes.

1996 • 256 citations

Bone Turnover in Prolonged Critical Illness: Effect of Vitamin D

2003 • 256 citations

Calcium and 1α,25‐dihydroxyvitamin D3 target the TNF‐α pathway to suppress experimental inflammatory bowel disease

2004 • 256 citations

Disruption of Nuclear Vitamin D Receptor Gene Causes Enhanced Thrombogenicity in Mice

2004 • 254 citations

Arteriosclerosis, vascular calcifications and cardiovascular disease in uremia

2005 • 251 citations

Association of Oral Calcitriol with Improved Survival in Nondialyzed CKD

2008 • 249 citations

Diet-induced Diabetes Activates an Osteogenic Gene Regulatory Program in the Aortas of Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-deficient Mice

1998 • 248 citations

Effect of 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D3 on glomerulosclerosis in subtotally nephrectomized rats

1998 • 248 citations

Paricalcitol Inhibits Renal Inflammation by Promoting Vitamin D Receptor–Mediated Sequestration of NF-κB Signaling

2008 • 247 citations

1-alpha,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) hampers the maturation of fully active immature dendritic cells from monocytes

2001 • 231 citations

Characterization of heart size and blood pressure in the vitamin D receptor knockout mouse

2006 • 227 citations

Differential effects of vitamin D receptor activators on vascular calcification in uremic rats

2007 • 222 citations

Vitamin D Receptor Activators Can Protect against Vascular Calcification

2008 • 218 citations

Vitamin D deficiency in early life accelerates Type 1 diabetes in non-obese diabetic mice

2004 • 218 citations

BMP-7 Is an Efficacious Treatment of Vascular Calcification in a Murine Model of Atherosclerosis and Chronic Renal Failure

2003 • 217 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses PTH synthesis and secretion by bovine parathyroid cells

2006 • 209 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation through a VEGF-mediated pathway

2006 • 207 citations

Combination Therapy with an Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor and a Vitamin D Analog Suppresses the Progression of Renal Insufficiency in Uremic Rats

2007 • 196 citations

Oral active vitamin D is associated with improved survival in hemodialysis patients

2008 • 195 citations

Cellular Mechanisms of Insulin Release: The Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency and Repletion on Rat Insulin Secretion*

1983 • 193 citations

Heart extracellular matrix gene expression profile in the vitamin D receptor knockout mice

2006 • 185 citations

Impact of Ergocalciferol Treatment of Vitamin D Deficiency on Serum Parathyroid Hormone Concentrations in Chronic Kidney Disease

2007 • 185 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 regulation of cardiac myocyte proliferation and hypertrophy

1997 • 183 citations

Serum 25‐hydroxyvitamin D₃ is related to physical activity and ethnicity but not obesity in a multicultural workforce

1995 • 181 citations

1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 modulates growth of vascular smooth muscle cells.

1991 • 181 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃-1α-Hydroxylase Expression in Normal and Pathological Parathyroid Glands

2002 • 180 citations

Seasonality of Cardiovascular Disease Mortality and the Possible Protective Effect of Ultra-violet Radiation

1981 • 179 citations

Vitamin D3 and cardiovascular function in rats.

1987 • 179 citations

Effects of Vitamin D analogs on gene expression profiling in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells

2005 • 175 citations

Differential Effects of Vitamin D Analogs on Vascular Calcification

2007 • 175 citations

Vitamin D and Kidney Disease

2008 • 173 citations

In Vitro and In Vivo Analysis of the Immune System of Vitamin D Receptor Knockout Mice

2001 • 163 citations

Calcitriol blunts the deleterious impact of advanced glycation end products on endothelial cells

2008 • 161 citations

1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ Induces Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Migration via Activation of Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase

2002 • 161 citations

Impact of Activated Vitamin D and Race on Survival among Hemodialysis Patients

2008 • 160 citations

Changes in Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Plasma Intact PTH Levels Following Treatment With Ergocalciferol in Patients With CKD

2007 • 160 citations

Reduction in Mortality from Coronary Heart Disease in Men Residing at High Altitude

1977 • 155 citations

Seasons, Temperature and Coronary Disease

1993 • 153 citations

The effect of cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) on the risk of fall and fracture: a meta-analysis

2007 • 149 citations

Calcitriol Regresses Cardiac Hypertrophy and QT Dispersion in Secondary Hyperparathyroidism on Hemodialysis

2005 • 142 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 but not cinacalcet HCl (Sensipar®/Mimpara®) treatment mediates aortic calcification in a rat model of secondary hyperparathyroidism

2005 • 137 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 corrects insulin and lipid abnormalities in uremia

1998 • 136 citations

The effect of calcitriol, paricalcitol, and a calcimimetic on extraosseous calcifications in uremic rats

2007 • 136 citations

Interaction of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D and Plasma Renin Activity in High Renin Essential Hypertension

1990 • 136 citations

Aortic Calcification Produced by Vitamin D<sub>3</sub> plus Nicotine

1997 • 133 citations

Vitamin D Intake and Risk of Incident Hypertension

2005 • 131 citations

Extra-renal production of calcitriol in chronic renal failure

1988 • 127 citations

Biochemical Characterization of the Serum Fetuin-Mineral Complex

2003 • 122 citations

Effect of winter oral vitamin D3 supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in elderly adults.

1995 • 121 citations

Vitamin D derivatives acutely reduce endothelium-dependent contractions in the aorta of the spontaneously hypertensive rat

2008 • 120 citations

Effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 in experimental mesangial proliferative nephritis in rats

2001 • 116 citations

Paricalcitol-treated patients experience improved hospitalization outcomes compared with calcitriol-treated patients in real-world clinical settings

2004 • 114 citations

Vitamin D signaling is modulated on multiple levels in health and disease

2006 • 113 citations

Involvement of vitamin D3 with cardiovascular function. II. Direct and indirect effects

1987 • 113 citations

Ethnic Origin and Serum Levels of 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D ₃ Are Independent Predictors of Coronary Calcium Mass Measured by Electron-Beam Computed Tomography

1997 • 112 citations

Calcitriol modulation of cardiac contractile performance via protein kinase C

2006 • 111 citations

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin-D3 Treatment Reduces Cardiac Hypertrophy and Left Ventricular Diameter in Spontaneously Hypertensive Heart Failure-prone (cp/+) Rats Independent of Changes in Serum Leptin

2008 • 107 citations

Revisiting Survival Differences by Race and Ethnicity among Hemodialysis Patients

2006 • 93 citations

Oral Calcitriol for the Treatment of Persistent Proteinuria in Immunoglobulin A Nephropathy: An Uncontrolled Trial

2008 • 93 citations

Calcitriol blunts pro‐atherosclerotic parameters through NFκB and p38 in vitro

2008 • 91 citations

Influence of Vitamin D Status on Insulin Secretion and Glucose Tolerance in the Rabbit*

1984 • 91 citations

PHOSPHORUS METABOLISM AND MANAGEMENT IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE: Renal Osteodystrophy, Phosphate Homeostasis, and Vascular Calcification

2007 • 91 citations

Effect of Cholecalciferol Treatment on the Relaxant Responses of Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat Arteries to Acetylcholine

1999 • 88 citations

Impact of Kidney Bone Disease and Its Management on Survival of Patients on Dialysis

2007 • 84 citations

Role of Phosphorus and Vitamin D Analogs in the Pathogenesis of Vascular Calcification

2006 • 83 citations

Unaltered Diabetes Presentation in NOD Mice Lacking the Vitamin D Receptor

2007 • 80 citations

Drug Insight: vitamin D analogs in the treatment of secondary hyperparathyroidism in patients with chronic kidney disease

2007 • 80 citations

22-Oxacalcitriol prevents progressive glomerulosclerosis without adversely affecting calcium and phosphorus metabolism in subtotally nephrectomized rats

2002 • 79 citations

IMMUNOCHEMICAL IDENTIFICATION OF THE 1,25‐DIHYDROXYVITAMIN D₃RECEPTOR PROTEIN IN HUMAN HEART

1996 • 76 citations

Contribution of Bone and Mineral Abnormalities to Cardiovascular Disease in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

2008 • 75 citations

Effect of cholecalciferol supplementation on blood glucose in an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus in spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar rats

2005 • 72 citations

Vitamin D replacement in Asians with diabetes may increase insulin resistance

1998 • 69 citations

Ratio of Paricalcitol Dosage to Serum Parathyroid Hormone Level and Survival in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

2008 • 63 citations

Demonstration of a high affinity receptor for 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in rat pancreas

1988 • 62 citations

Differential Effects of D-Hormone Analogs and Native Vitamin D on the Risk of Falls: A Comparative Meta-Analysis

2008 • 60 citations

VITAMIN D IN HEALTH AND DISEASE: The Role of Vitamin D in Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease

2005 • 59 citations

New vitamin D analogs

2003 • 55 citations

1,25(OH)2D3 suppresses expression and secretion of atrial natriuretic peptide from cardiac myocytes

1995 • 53 citations

25-Hydroxyvitamin D3-1 -Hydroxylase Expression in Normal and Pathological Parathyroid Glands

2002 • 53 citations

Differential effects of vitamin D receptor activators on aortic calcification and pulse wave velocity in uraemic rats

2008 • 52 citations

A Retrospective Evaluation of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub> and Its Potential Effects on Renal Allograft Function

2002 • 49 citations

Experimental atherosclerosis in rats fed a vitamin D, cholesterol-rich diet.

1981 • 49 citations

VDR‐mediated gene expression patterns in resting human coronary artery smooth muscle cells

2006 • 44 citations

New Vitamin D Analogs in Psoriasis

2004 • 34 citations

C‐Reactive Protein in Cardiovascular Risk Assessment: A Review of the Evidence

2007 • 28 citations

Mechanistic Analysis of VDR-Mediated Renin Suppression

2007 • 23 citations

Vitamin D receptor ligands for osteoporosis.

2006 • 22 citations

Cardiovascular disease in chronic kidney failure: the role of VDR activators.

2006 • 20 citations

Vitamin D-induced coronary atherosclerosis in normolipemic swine: Comparison with human disease.

1979 • 19 citations

[Differential effect of vitamin D analogues on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells].

2003 • 17 citations

Mortality reduction by vitamin D receptor activation in end-stage renal disease: a commentary on the robustness of current data

2008 • 14 citations

Use of genetically modified mice to examine the skeletal anabolic activity of vitamin D

2006 • 14 citations

Efecto diferencial de los análogos de la vitamina D en la proliferación de células de músculo liso vascular

2003 • 10 citations

Cholecalciferol treatment restores the relaxant responses of spontaneously hypertensive rat arteries to bradykinin

2002 • 9 citations

Stellenwert von nativem und biologisch aktivem Vitamin D bei der Prävention und Therapie der Osteoporose

2006 • 3 citations