Oxidants and Antioxidants in Viral Diseases: Metabolic Regulation and Autotoxicity

Bcl-2 is an inner mitochondrial membrane protein that blocks programmed cell death

1990 • 3,817 citations

Bcl-2 functions in an antioxidant pathway to prevent apoptosis

1993 • 3,465 citations

Nuclear Factor Kb: An Oxidative Stress-Responsive Transcription Factor of Eukaryotic Cells (A Review)

1992 • 1,421 citations

Cytotoxic activity of tumor necrosis factor is mediated by early damage of mitochondrial functions. Evidence for the involvement of mitochondrial radical generation.

1992 • 949 citations

Programmed Death of T Cells in HIV-1 Infection

1992 • 932 citations

Complement and immunoglobulins stimulate superoxide production by human leukocytes independently of phagocytosis.

1975 • 749 citations

Elevated levels of circulating cachectin/tumor necrosis factor in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

1988 • 739 citations

SYSTEMIC GLUTATHIONE DEFICIENCY IN SYMPTOM-FREE HIV-SEROPOSITIVE INDIVIDUALS

1989 • 725 citations

Pathological implications of nitric oxide, superoxide and peroxynitrite formation

1993 • 679 citations

Rapid Evolution of RNA Viruses

1987 • 593 citations

Cell dysfunction and depletion in AIDS: the programmed cell death hypothesis

1991 • 548 citations

Cytokines and arachidonic metabolites produced during human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected macrophage-astroglia interactions: implications for the neuropathogenesis of HIV disease.

1992 • 531 citations

Apoptosis: a different type of cell death

1992 • 523 citations

Conversion of lytic to persistent alphavirus infection by the bcl-2 cellular oncogene

1993 • 495 citations

In vivo expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in experimentally induced neurologic diseases.

1993 • 484 citations

[36] Phagocytic leukocyte oxygenation activities and chemiluminescence: A kinetic approach to analysis

1986 • 462 citations

Oxygen Radicals in Influenza-Induced Pathogenesis and Treatment with Pyran Polymer-Conjugated SOD

1989 • 420 citations

Cytokine-stimulated human immunodeficiency virus replication is inhibited by N-acetyl-L-cysteine.

1990 • 381 citations

The cytopathic effect of hiv is associated with apoptosis

1991 • 358 citations

Low Concentrations of Acid-Soluble Thiol (Cysteine) in the Blood Plasma of HIV-1-Infected Patients

1989 • 349 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 coat protein neurotoxicity mediated by nitric oxide in primary cortical cultures.

1993 • 348 citations

Dependence on O2- generation by xanthine oxidase of pathogenesis of influenza virus infection in mice.

1990 • 336 citations

Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected monocytic cells by glutathione, glutathione ester, and N-acetylcysteine.

1991 • 330 citations

The Immune Response to Influenza Infection

1986 • 321 citations

Antioxidant activities of some tryptophan metabolites: possible implication for inflammatory diseases.

1990 • 320 citations

The Molecular Biology of Influenza Virus Pathogenicity

1988 • 318 citations

Tumour necrosis factor-α induces superoxide anion generation in mitochondria of L929 cells

1993 • 272 citations

Inhibition of HIV-1 replication and NF-x B activity by cysteine and cysteine derivatives

1991 • 256 citations

HIV-induced cysteine deficiency and T-cell dysfunction — a rationale for treatment with N-acetylcysteine

1992 • 254 citations

Deficiency of Alveolar Fluid Glutathione in Patients with Sepsis and the Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome

1991 • 252 citations

A kinetic study of immune mediators in the lungs of mice infected with influenza A virus.

1992 • 238 citations

N-Acetylcysteine and glutathione as inhibitors of tumor necrosis factor production

1992 • 238 citations

The Effect of Cytokines and Pharmacologic Agents on Chronic HIV Infection

1992 • 237 citations

Induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in mouse lung during virus infection.

1979 • 210 citations

Viral Immunology and Immunopathology

1975 • 202 citations

Peroxidase-Mediated Virucidal Systems

1970 • 198 citations

Macrophages regulate intracellular glutathione levels of lymphocytes. Evidence for an immunoregulatory role of cysteine

1990 • 184 citations

Direct sequencing of the HA gene of influenza (H3N2) virus in original clinical samples reveals sequence identity with mammalian cell-grown virus

1990 • 176 citations

Activation of Proto-Oncogenes: an Immediate Early Event in Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

1990 • 170 citations

Programmed cell death and AIDS: from hypothesis to experiment

1992 • 167 citations

The role of oxidative stress in disease progression in individuals infected by the human immunodeficiency virus

1992 • 166 citations

Alterations in antioxidant defences in lung and liver of mice infected with influenza A virus

1992 • 163 citations

Expression of BCL-2 protein enhances the survival of mouse fibrosarcoid cells in tumor necrosis factor-mediated cytotoxicity.

1993 • 163 citations

Enhancement of HIV-1 Cytocidal Effects in CD4 ⁺ Lymphocytes by the Aids-associated Mycoplasma

1991 • 152 citations

Inhibition of target cell mitochondrial electron transfer by tumor necrosis factor

1989 • 148 citations

Glutathione depletion in HIV-infected patients: role of cysteine deficiency and effect of oral N-acetylcysteine.

1992 • 148 citations

Secretion of oxygen intermediates: role in effector functions of activated macrophages.

1982 • 146 citations

Activation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 by Oxidative Stress

1990 • 142 citations

Suppression of human immunodeficiency virus replication by ascorbate in chronically and acutely infected cells.

1990 • 137 citations

Effect of antioxidants on primary alloantigen-induced T cell activation and proliferation.

1986 • 136 citations

Lipid Peroxyl Radical Intermediates in the Peroxidation of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids by Lipoxygenase

1989 • 136 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production of influenza A virus-infected macrophages and potentiating effect of lipopolysaccharides.

1990 • 135 citations

Human Neutrophil Antimicrobial Activity

1988 • 133 citations

Tumor necrosis factors-alpha and -beta bind to the same two types of tumor necrosis factor receptors and maximally activate the transcription factor NF-kappa B at low receptor occupancy and within minutes after receptor binding.

1990 • 132 citations

Massive conversion of guanosine to 8-hydroxy-guanosine in mouse liver mitochondrial DNA by administration of azidothymidine

1991 • 131 citations

Abnormal skeletal and cardiac muscle mitochondria induced by zidovudine (AZT) in human muscle in vitro and in an animal model.

1991 • 125 citations

Cell Proliferation and Oxidative Stress

1989 • 124 citations

Increased Production of Malondialdehyde in Patients with HIV Infection

1988 • 123 citations

Participation of Lymphocytes in Viral Infections

1973 • 121 citations

Oxidative stress and abnormal cholesterol metabolism in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome.

1990 • 121 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Inhibits Hepatocyte Mitochondrial Respiration

1992 • 118 citations

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) enhances tumor necrosis factor production by alveolar macrophages. Prevention by PAF receptor antagonists and lipoxygenase inhibitors.

1989 • 117 citations

Oxygen intermediates are triggered early in the cytolytic pathway of human NK cells

1982 • 116 citations

Regulation of the Egr-1 gene by tumor necrosis factor and interferons in primary human fibroblasts.

1992 • 113 citations

Glutathione depletion in HIV-infected patients

1992 • 112 citations

Neurotoxicity of peptide analogues of the transactivating protein tat from maedi-visna virus and human immunodeficiency virus

1993 • 111 citations

Selective Degeneration of Oligodendrocytes Mediated by Reactive Oxygen Species

1990 • 104 citations

Oxygen Free Radicals as Pathogenic Molecules in Viral Diseases

1991 • 102 citations

Virus-Induced Formation of Reactive Oxygen Intermediates in Phagocytic Cells

1987 • 101 citations

GSH rescue by N-acetylcysteine

1991 • 100 citations

Oxidative Stress in Lungs of Mice Infected with Influenza a Virus

1992 • 98 citations

The initial immune response to HIV and immune system activation determine the outcome of HIV disease.

1991 • 97 citations

Antioxidants inhibit proliferation and cell surface expression of receptors for interleukin-2 and transferrin in T lymphocytes stimulated with phorbol myristate acetate and ionomycin

1988 • 97 citations

Influenza A virus infection of macrophages. Enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression and lipopolysaccharide-triggered TNF-alpha release.

1991 • 96 citations

N-Acetyl Cysteine Enhances the Response to Interferon-α in Chronic Hepatitis C: A Pilot Study

1993 • 94 citations

Viricidal effect of polymorphonuclear leukocytes on human immunodeficiency virus-1. Role of the myeloperoxidase system.

1992 • 93 citations

Activation of neutrophils by interleukins-1 and -2 and tumor necrosis factors.

1992 • 89 citations

Reactive oxygen species, antioxidants, and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Sense or speculation?

1991 • 87 citations

Role of mycoplasma infection in the cytopathic effect induced by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in infected cell lines

1992 • 84 citations

Glutathione and N-Acetylcysteine Suppression of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Human Monocyte/Macrophages In Vitro

1992 • 80 citations

N-Acetylcysteine Inhibits Latent HIV Expression in Chronically Infected Cells

1991 • 75 citations

The role of complement in viral infections. III. Activation of the classical and alternative complement pathways by Sindbis virus.

1980 • 75 citations

Suppression of Influenza Virus Replication in Infected Mice by Protease Inhibitors

1984 • 74 citations

Initiation of the respiratory burst of human neutrophils by influenza virus

1981 • 74 citations

Abnormalities of blood selenium and glutathione peroxidase activity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and aids-related complex

1988 • 73 citations

Sendai virus stimulates chemiluminescence in mouse spleen cells

1979 • 68 citations

Interleukin 1-induced pathophysiology: Induction of cytokines, development of histopathologic changes, and immunopharmacologic intervention

1989 • 68 citations

STUDIES ON THE TOXICITY OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES

1946 • 68 citations

Tumor necrosis factor stimulates human neutrophils to release leukotriene B₄ and platelet‐activating factor

1989 • 67 citations

Comparative study of the anti-HIV activities of ascorbate and thiol-containing reducing agents in chronically HIV-infected cells

1991 • 67 citations

HIV protease inhibitors: their anti-HIV activity and potential role in treatment.

1993 • 67 citations

Lipoxygenase inhibitors suppress formation of tumor necrosis factor in, vitro and in, vivo

1989 • 64 citations

Mycoplasma can enhance HIV replication in vitro: A possible cofactor responsible for the progression of AIDS

1990 • 64 citations

N-Acetylcysteine: Potential for AIDS Therapy

1993 • 58 citations

Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidants, and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

1991 • 57 citations

THE EFFECT OF VIRAL INFECTIONS ON THE FUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

1975 • 56 citations

Butylated Hydroxytoluene Protects Chickens Exposed to Newcastle Disease Virus

1977 • 55 citations

Chemiluminescence and immune cell activation I. Early activation of rat thymocytes can be monitored by chemiluminescence measurements

1978 • 53 citations

Viral pathogenesis and immunology

1985 • 51 citations

An analysis of the toxicity for mice of influenza virus. I. Intracerebral toxicity.

1960 • 50 citations

Effect of viruses on platelet aggregation and platelet survival in rabbits

1978 • 49 citations

Activation of complement on the surface of cells infected by human immunodeficiency virus.

1990 • 45 citations

Respiratory syncytial virus infection of human mononuclear phagocytes stimulates synthesis of platelet-activating factor.

1991 • 45 citations

The immune response to mouse hepatitis virus: expression of monocyte procoagulant activity and plasminogen activator during infection in vivo.

1985 • 45 citations

Biochemical deficiencies of coenzyme Q10 in HIV-infection and exploratory treatment

1988 • 45 citations

Cell Surface Proteins Reacting with Activated Complement Components

1989 • 44 citations

Elevated plasma glutamate concentrations in HIV-1-infected patients may contribute to loss of macrophage and lymphocyte functions

1989 • 41 citations

Tumor Necrosis Factor: A Cytokine Involved in Toxic Effects of Endotoxin

1987 • 39 citations

Inhibition of HIV replication in cell culture by the specific aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin A

1989 • 39 citations

Chemiluminescence: An early event in the interaction of sendai and influenza viruses with mouse spleen cells I. The role of the envelope glycoproteins in the stimulation of chemiluminescence

1980 • 38 citations

Evidence for superoxide dismutase and catalase in mollicutes and release of reactive oxygen species

1990 • 36 citations

A platelet-activating factor antagonist, RP 55778, inhibits cytokine-dependent induction of human immunodeficiency virus expression in chronically infected promonocytic cells.

1993 • 34 citations

Pyrogenicity of Influenza Virus in Rabbits.

1949 • 32 citations

Antiviral antibodies stimulate production of reactive oxygen species in cultured canine brain cells infected with canine distemper virus

1989 • 32 citations

The toxic effects of interferon in man.

1983 • 31 citations

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected cells and free virus directly activate the classical complement pathway in rabbit, mouse and guinea-pig sera; activation results in virus neutralization by virolysis.

1991 • 31 citations

Sequential Virus Infections, Bacterial Superinfections, and Fibrogenesis

1990 • 31 citations

Plasma Amino Acid Dysregulation after Lentiviral Infection

1993 • 30 citations

Oxidative stress, HIV and AIDS

1992 • 30 citations

Oxidative imbalance in HIV infected patients

1991 • 29 citations

Toxic effects of cytokines in vivo.

1989 • 29 citations

Induction of chemiluminescence during interaction of tumoricidal effector cell populations and tumor cells is dependent on the presence of mycoplasma.

1984 • 29 citations

Thiol suppression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication in primary cord blood monocyte-derived macrophages in vitro.

1993 • 29 citations

Cellular oncogene activation by human cytomegalovirus Lack of correlation with virus infectivity and immediate early gene expression

1991 • 26 citations

Modulation of HIV-enhancer activity by heterologous agents: a minireview

1991 • 26 citations

Evidence for different receptor sites in mouse spleen cells for the sendai virus hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) glycoproteins

1983 • 25 citations

[74] Biochemical pharmacology of inflammatory liver injury in mice

1990 • 25 citations

Activation of complement by bovine respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells

1989 • 24 citations

Complement activation by respiratory syncytial virus-infected cells

1986 • 23 citations

Effects of anti-oxidants on ornithine decar☐ylase in mitogenically-activated T lymphocytes

1992 • 21 citations

Mitochondrial calcium uptake during infection of chicken embryo cells with Semliki Forest virus

1979 • 19 citations

Lipoxygenase inhibitors suppress formation of tumor necrosis factor in vitro and in vivo.

1989 • 19 citations

Protective Effect of Colectomy in Frog Virus 3 Hepatitis of Rats: Possible Role of Endotoxin

1982 • 19 citations

Canine distemper virus increases procoagulant activity of macrophages

1992 • 17 citations

Receptor-Initiated Activation of Cells and Their Oncogenes by Herpes-Family Viruses

1992 • 17 citations

A chemiluminescent assay for mycoplasmas in cell cultures

1985 • 13 citations

The NK cell: a phagocyte in lymphocyte's clothing?

1982 • 12 citations

Sendai virus infected cells are readily cytolysed by guinea-pig complement without antibody.

1981 • 12 citations

Detection of H-2 and sendai virus antigens by chemiluminescence

1981 • 10 citations

Bioluminescence and chemiluminescence. New perspectives.

1988 • 9 citations

The Production and Action of Interferon in Chinese Hamster Cells

1976 • 9 citations

Antibody‐free target cells stimulate chemiluminescence in polymorphonuclear leukocytes: an artifact due to mycoplasma contamination

1984 • 9 citations

Flash detection of anti-H-2 antibodies using chemiluminescence, without complement.

1980 • 8 citations

Evidence for Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase in Mollicutes and Release of Reactive Oxygen Species

1991 • 7 citations

Viral Infection and Interferon in Cell Cultures Aged in Vitro

1975 • 5 citations

Increased platelet-activating factor (PAF) concentrations in hearts and lungs of Pichinde virus-infected guinea pigs.

1992 • 4 citations

Die Wirkung der Influenza-Virus-Infektion auf die Arachidons�ure-Kaskade von M�usethrombozyten

1986 • 4 citations

[Functional activity of the alpha1-proteinase inhibitor in serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in congenital lung emphysema].

1989 • 4 citations

The pathogenesis of Vaccinia virus toxicity. I. The role of virus-platelet interaction.

1975 • 4 citations

Crossed Immunoelectrophoresis for the Detection of Split Products of the Third Complement Component in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever

1984 • 3 citations