Bacterial Toxins as Mucosal Adjuvants

Two types of mouse helper T cell clone. III. Further differences in lymphokine synthesis between Th1 and Th2 clones revealed by RNA hybridization, functionally monospecific bioassays, and monoclonal antibodies.

1987 • 1,060 citations

Options for the control of influenza III

1997 • 591 citations

Expression of Norwalk virus capsid protein in transgenic tobacco and potato and its oral immunogenicity in mice.

1996 • 577 citations

New knowledge on pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections as applied to vaccine development

1983 • 573 citations

Crystal structure of a cholera toxin-related heat-labile enterotoxin from E. coli

1991 • 556 citations

Helper T cell subsets for immunoglobulin A responses: oral immunization with tetanus toxoid and cholera toxin as adjuvant selectively induces Th2 cells in mucosa associated tissues.

1993 • 457 citations

Generalized systemic and mucosal immunity in mice after mucosal stimulation with cholera toxin.

1984 • 445 citations

Dissociation of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin adjuvanticity from ADP-ribosyltransferase activity

1995 • 353 citations

The Importance of Th2 Cytokines in Protective Immunity to Nematodes

1992 • 352 citations

Cholera toxin feeding did not induce oral tolerance in mice and abrogated oral tolerance to an unrelated protein antigen.

1984 • 334 citations

A nontoxic mutant of cholera toxin elicits Th2-type responses for enhanced mucosal immunity

1997 • 305 citations

Refined Structure of Escherichia coli Heat-labile Enterotoxin, a Close Relative of Cholera Toxin

1993 • 299 citations

The adjuvant effect of Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxins is linked to their ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity

1992 • 286 citations

Adjuvant activity of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin and effect on the induction of oral tolerance in mice to unrelated protein antigens

1988 • 283 citations

New knowledge on pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections as applied to vaccine development.

1983 • 263 citations

Intranasal Immunization of Mice with PspA (Pneumococcal Surface Protein A) Can Prevent Intranasal Carriage, Pulmonary Infection, and Sepsis withStreptococcus pneumoniae

1997 • 247 citations

Oral Immunization with Recombinant Helicobacter pylori Urease Induces Secretory IgA Antibodies and Protects Mice from Challenge with Helicobacter felis

1995 • 222 citations

Induction of antigen-specific antibodies in vaginal secretions by using a nontoxic mutant of heat-labile enterotoxin as a mucosal adjuvant

1996 • 211 citations

Mutants in the ADP-ribosyltransferase Cleft of Cholera Toxin Lack Diarrheagenicity but Retain Adjuvanticity

1997 • 209 citations

Production of IgE antibody and allergic sensitization of intestinal and peripheral tissues after oral immunization with protein Ag and cholera toxin.

1994 • 192 citations

Mechanisms for Mucosal Immunogenicity and Adjuvancy of Escherichia coli Labile Enterotoxin

1996 • 173 citations

New perspectives in vaccine development: mucosal immunity to infections.

1993 • 153 citations

Mucosal immunity to HIV-1: systemic and vaginal antibody responses after intranasal immunization with the HIV-1 C4/V3 peptide T1SP10 MN(A).

1996 • 142 citations

The Phenomenon of Persorption

1968 • 133 citations

Cholera toxin adjuvant greatly promotes antigen priming of T cells

1993 • 121 citations

The in vitro production of cytokines by mucosal lymphocytes immunized by oral administration of keyhole limpet hemocyanin using cholera toxin as an adjuvant

1991 • 120 citations

Helper Th1 and Th2 cell responses following mucosal or systemic immunization with cholera toxin

1994 • 119 citations

Common features of the NAD‐binding and catalytic site of ADP‐ribosylating toxins

1994 • 111 citations

The Adjuvant Action of Cholera Toxin is Associated with an Increased Intestinal Permeability for Luminal Antigens

1991 • 111 citations

Probing the structure‐activity relationship of Escherichia coli LT‐A by site‐directed mutagenesis

1994 • 110 citations

Cholera Toxin and its Subunits as Potential Oral Adjuvants

1989 • 101 citations

The Role of Th1 and Th2 Cells for Mucosal IgA Responsesa

1996 • 100 citations

A mutant pertussis toxin molecule that lacks ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, PT-9K/129G, is an effective mucosal adjuvant for intranasally delivered proteins

1995 • 100 citations

Interleukin-10 is expressed by bovine type 1 helper, type 2 helper, and unrestricted parasite-specific T-cell clones and inhibits proliferation of all three subsets in an accessory-cell-dependent manner

1994 • 97 citations

Antibody responses in volunteers induced by nasal influenza vaccine combined with Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin B subunit containing a trace amount of the holotoxin

1996 • 93 citations

Cholera Toxin as a Mucosal Adjuvant

1996 • 91 citations

Morphologic and functional alterations of mucosal T cells by cholera toxin and its B subunit.

1995 • 88 citations

Cholera Toxin Enhances Alloantigen Presentation by Cultured Intestinal Epithelial Cells

1993 • 88 citations

Cytotoxic Effects and Metabolism of Benzo[<italic>a</italic>]pyrene and 7,12-Dimethylbenz[<italic>a</italic>]anthracene in Duodenal and Ileal Epithelial Cell Cultures<xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn2">2</xref><xref ref-type="fn" rid="fn3">3</xref>

1981 • 85 citations

LT(R192G), a non-toxic mutant of the heat-labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli, elicits enhanced humoral and cellular immune responses associated with protection against lethal oral challenge with Salmonella spp.

1998 • 84 citations

Adjuvant Activity of the Heat-Labile Enterotoxin from Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli for Oral Administration of Inactivated Influenza Virus Vaccine

1997 • 81 citations

Effect of site-directed mutagenic alterations on ADP-ribosyltransferase activity of the A subunit of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin

1991 • 80 citations

Construction of nontoxic derivatives of cholera toxin and characterization of the immunological response against the A subunit

1995 • 79 citations

Novel intranasal immunization techniques for antibody induction and protection of mice against gastric Helicobacter felis infection

1997 • 79 citations

A single amino acid substitution in the A subunit of Escherichia coli enterotoxin results in a loss of its toxic activity.

1990 • 73 citations

Site-specific mutagenesis of the catalytic subunit of cholera toxin: substituting lysine for arginine 7 causes loss of activity

1991 • 66 citations

Proteosomes, Emulsomes, and Cholera Toxin B Improve Nasal Immunogenicity of Human Immunodeficiency Virus gp160 in Mice: Induction of Serum, Intestinal, Vaginal, and Lung IgA and IgG

1997 • 66 citations

The adjuvant effect of a non‐toxic mutant of heat‐labile enterotoxin of Escherichia coli for the induction of measles virus‐specific CTL responses after intranasal co‐immunization with a synthetic peptide

1996 • 65 citations

A single amino acid substitution in the A subunit of Escherichia coli enterotoxin results in a loss of its toxic activity.

1990 • 60 citations

Mucosal priming of T-lymphocyte responses to fed protein antigens using cholera toxin as an adjuvant.

1991 • 53 citations

Interaction of ADP-ribosylation factor with Escherichia coli enterotoxin that contains an inactivating lysine 112 substitution.

1993 • 44 citations

Inactivation of the Escherichia coli heat‐labile enterotoxin by in vitro mutagenesis of the A‐subunit gene

1989 • 44 citations

Glutamic acid‐112 of the A subunit of heat‐labile enterotoxin from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli is important for ADP‐ribosyltransferase activity

1991 • 43 citations

Construction and characterization of recombinant Vibrio cholerae strains producing inactive cholera toxin analogs

1994 • 41 citations

Vaccines 86 — New Approaches to Immunization

1988 • 40 citations

Outer membrane protein of Neisseria meningitidis as a mucosal adjuvant for lipopolysaccharide of Brucella melitensis in mouse and guinea pig intranasal immunization models

1996 • 32 citations

Induction of systemic immune responses to measles virus synthetic peptides administered intranasally

1995 • 30 citations

Relationship between a low toxicity of the mutant A subunit of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli enterotoxin and its strong adjuvant action

1997 • 28 citations

Cholera toxin as a mucosal adjuvant: III. Antibody responses to nontarget dietary antigens are not increased.

1990 • 20 citations

Vaccines 86: New Approaches to Immunization : Developing Vaccines Against Parasitic, Bacterial, and Viral Diseases

1986 • 11 citations

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