Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Correlated Uniquenesses to Estimate Method Variance in Multitrait-Multimethod Matrices

Structural equation modeling in practice: A review and recommended two-step approach.

1988 • 35,968 citations

Convergent and discriminant validation by the multitrait-multimethod matrix.

1959 • 16,404 citations

Statistical Theories of Mental Test Scores

1969 • 8,132 citations

Lisrel 8: User's Reference Guide

1997 • 6,957 citations

Structural Equation Modeling: Concepts, Issues, and Applications.

1996 • 6,546 citations

Applied factor analysis

1970 • 2,496 citations

Common Methods Bias: Does Common Methods Variance Really Bias Results?

1998 • 1,313 citations

Percept-percept inflation in microorganizational research: An investigation of prevalence and effect.

1994 • 1,200 citations

Correlation and causality

1980 • 1,136 citations

Hierarchically Nested Covariance Structure Models for Multitrait-Multimethod Data

1985 • 1,025 citations

Role of social desirability in personality testing for personnel selection: The red herring.

1996 • 889 citations

Analysis of correlation matrices using covariance structure models.

1989 • 544 citations

Analysis of the multitrait-multimethod matrix by confirmatory factor analysis.

1992 • 532 citations

Confirmatory Factor Analyses of Multitrait-Multimethod Data: Many Problems and a Few Solutions

1989 • 508 citations

An alternative approach to method effects by using latent-variable models: Applications in organizational behavior research.

1994 • 355 citations

Confirmatory Factor Analyses of Multitrait-Multimethod Data: A Comparison of Alternative Models

1991 • 312 citations

TRAIT, RATER AND LEVEL EFFECTS IN 360‐DEGREE PERFORMANCE RATINGS

1998 • 212 citations

On Subjectivity in Factor Analysis

1967 • 168 citations

Detection and Determinants of Bias in Subjective Measures

1998 • 139 citations

Analysis and Design of Multitrait-Multirater Performance Appraisal Studies

1996 • 93 citations

The direct product model for the mtmm matrix parameterized as a second order factor analysis model

1990 • 64 citations

Additive and Multiplicative Method Effects in Applied Psychological Research: An Empirical Assessment of Three Models

1994 • 28 citations

Effectiveness of the direct product versus confirmatory factor model for reflecting the structure of multimethod-multirater job performance data.

1997 • 25 citations

Testing Hypotheses About Methods, Traits, and Communalities in the Direct-Product Model

1992 • 23 citations

Estimation and Uses of the Proportion of Method Variance for Multitrait-Multimethod Data

1998 • 20 citations