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2015 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation

Data up to Jan 2025

Published2015
Citations7,864
References816

Total Citations Per Year

Abstract

References (816)

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2015 • 201 citations

Unstable Angina

2013 • 200 citations

Biomarkers and acute coronary syndromes: an update

2013 • 199 citations

Efficacy and safety of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin during percutaneous coronary intervention: systematic review and meta-analysis

2012 • 199 citations

Open Multicentre Study of the P 2T Receptor Antagonist AR-C69931MX Assessing Safety, Tolerability and Activity in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes

2001 • 197 citations

Clinical, Angiographic, and Genetic Factors Associated With Early Coronary Stent Thrombosis

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Optimal Cutoff Levels of More Sensitive Cardiac Troponin Assays for the Early Diagnosis of Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Renal Dysfunction

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Unanswered Questions for Management of Acute Coronary Syndrome

2006 • 196 citations

Impact of Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Requiring Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

2008 • 196 citations

Frailty in the critically ill: a novel concept

2011 • 196 citations

Introduction of High-sensitivity Troponin Assays: Impact on Myocardial Infarction Incidence and Prognosis

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Efficacy and safety of the low-molecular weight heparin enoxaparin compared with unfractionated heparin across the acute coronary syndrome spectrum: a meta-analysis

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Differential Expression of Cardiac Biomarkers by Gender in Patients With Unstable Angina/Non–ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2004 • 195 citations

Psychological and pharmacological interventions for depression in patients with coronary artery disease

2011 • 194 citations

Ticagrelor vs. clopidogrel in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome with or without revascularization: results from the PLATO trial

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Characterization of dyspnoea in PLATO study patients treated with ticagrelor or clopidogrel and its association with clinical outcomes

2011 • 194 citations

Resolving inequalities in care? Reduced mortality in the elderly after acute coronary syndromes. The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project 2003-2010

2011 • 191 citations

Optimal timing of coronary angiography and potential intervention in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes

2010 • 191 citations

Acute Clopidogrel Use and Outcomes in Patients With Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

2006 • 190 citations

Reoperation for Bleeding in Patients Undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery

2009 • 190 citations

Prognostic Utility of Heart-Type Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

2006 • 188 citations

Management and 6-month outcomes in elderly and very elderly patients with high-risk non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes: The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events

2007 • 187 citations

Diagnostic accuracy of single baseline measurement of Elecsys Troponin T high-sensitive assay for diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction in emergency department: systematic review and meta-analysis

2015 • 185 citations

Normalization of platelet reactivity in clopidogrel‐treated subjects

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Optimal timing of invasive angiography in stable non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction: the Leipzig Immediate versus early and late PercutaneouS coronary Intervention triAl in NSTEMI (LIPSIA-NSTEMI Trial)

2011 • 185 citations

Concurrent evaluation of novel cardiac biomarkers in acute coronary syndrome: myeloperoxidase and soluble CD40 ligand and the risk of recurrent ischaemic events in TACTICS-TIMI 18

2008 • 185 citations

Rapid rule out of acute myocardial infarction using undetectable levels of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin

2013 • 185 citations

Comparison of Vascular Closure Devices vs Manual Compression After Femoral Artery Puncture

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Expert position paper on the use of proton pump inhibitors in patients with cardiovascular disease and antithrombotic therapy

2013 • 182 citations

Treatment of warfarin-associated coagulopathy with oral vitamin K: a randomised controlled trial

2000 • 182 citations

Overview of Results of Randomized Clinical Trials in Heart Disease

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Incidence of Dyspnea and Assessment of Cardiac and Pulmonary Function in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease Receiving Ticagrelor, Clopidogrel, or Placebo in the ONSET/OFFSET Study

2010 • 180 citations

Heparin and low-molecular weight heparins

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Low-Dose vs Standard-Dose Unfractionated Heparin for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated With Fondaparinux: The FUTURA/OASIS-8 Randomized Trial

2010 • 180 citations

Clopidogrel administration prior to coronary artery bypass grafting surgery: the cardiologist's panacea or the surgeon's headache?

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Immediate postoperative aspirin improves vein graft patency early and late after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. A placebo-controlled, randomized study.

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Relationship Between Activated Clotting Time and Ischemic or Hemorrhagic Complications

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Characteristics, Management, and Outcomes of 5,557 Patients Age ≥90 Years With Acute Coronary Syndromes

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The obesity paradox in non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: Results from the Can Rapid risk stratification of Unstable angina patients Suppress ADverse outcomes with Early implementation of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Guidelines Quality Improvement Initiative

2006 • 176 citations

Early invasive versus conservative strategies for unstable angina & non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction in the stent era

2006 • 175 citations

Sex-Based Analysis of Outcome in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Treated Predominantly With Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2002 • 174 citations

Recent Trends in the Care of Patients With Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

2006 • 173 citations

Glucose-Insulin-Potassium Therapy in Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2007 • 173 citations

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2005 • 172 citations

Improving clinical outcomes by reducing bleeding in patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes

2008 • 172 citations

Thrombocytopenia in the Intensive Care Unit Patient

2010 • 172 citations

Effect of ACE inhibitor trandolapril on life expectancy of patients with reduced left-ventricular function after acute m yocardial infarction

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Relation between renal function, presentation, use of therapies and in‐hospital complications in acute coronary syndrome: data from the SWEDEHEART register

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Long-term survival in patients with refractory angina

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Fractional Flow Reserve in Unstable Angina and Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

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Thrombocytopenia complicating treatment with intravenous glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors: A pooled analysis

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Optimal Timing of Coronary Invasive Strategy in Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

2013 • 168 citations

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Randomized double-blind safety study of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin in patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes treated with tirofiban and aspirin: The ACUTE II study

2002 • 164 citations

Anti-Xa Activity Relates to Survival and Efficacy in Unselected Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Treated With Enoxaparin

2004 • 164 citations

Does Simplicity Compromise Accuracy in ACS Risk Prediction? A Retrospective Analysis of the TIMI and GRACE Risk Scores

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Drug-Induced Immune-Mediated Thrombocytopenia — From Purpura to Thrombosis

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Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography Versus Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction Score in Patients Presenting to the Emergency Department With Chest Pain and a Nondiagnostic Electrocardiogram

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Approach to the Diagnosis and Management of Drug-Induced Immune Thrombocytopenia

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A randomized study comparing propranolol and diltiazem in the treatment of unstable angina

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Clinical Significance of Thrombocytopenia During a Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome

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Are patients with angiographically near-normal coronary arteries who present as acute myocardial infarction actually safe?

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Copeptin Helps in the Early Detection of Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction

2013 • 156 citations

Measuring Performance For Treating Heart Attacks And Heart Failure: The Case For Outcomes Measurement

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Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in acute coronary syndromes. Gradient of benefit related to the revascularization strategy

2002 • 155 citations

High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin in the Distinction of Acute Myocardial Infarction From Acute Cardiac Noncoronary Artery Disease

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Gender differences in management and outcome in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome

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All-Cause Readmission and Repeat Revascularization After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in a Cohort of Medicare Patients

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Revisiting the culprit lesion in non–Q-wave myocardial infarction

2002 • 152 citations

3-Year Follow-Up of Patients With Coronary Artery Spasm as Cause of Acute Coronary Syndrome

2011 • 152 citations

The Randomised Assessment of Treatment using Panel Assay of Cardiac Markers (RATPAC) trial: a randomised controlled trial of point-of-care cardiac markers in the emergency department

2010 • 151 citations

The effect of pre-operative aspirin on bleeding, transfusion, myocardial infarction, and mortality in coronary artery bypass surgery: a systematic review of randomized and observational studies

2008 • 149 citations

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease and Absence of Heart Failure or Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

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Heart-Type Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Predicts Long-Term Mortality and Re-Infarction in Consecutive Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Who Are Troponin-Negative

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Atypical presentations among medicare beneficiaries with unstable angina pectoris

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Improved diagnostic and prognostic performance of a new high-sensitive troponin T assay in patients with acute coronary syndrome

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Women with acute coronary syndrome are less invasively examined and subsequently less treated than men

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Oral Vitamin K Versus Placebo to Correct Excessive Anticoagulation in Patients Receiving Warfarin

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Antithrombotic Therapy for Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Prognostic value of ST segment depression in acute coronary syndromes: insights from PARAGON-A applied to GUSTO-IIb11Platelet IIb/IIIa Antagonism for the Reduction of Acute coronary syndrome events in a Global Organization Network (PARAGON-A); Global Use of Strategies To Open occluded arteries in acute coronary syndromes (GUSTO-IIb).

2001 • 145 citations

Effect of an invasive strategy on in-hospital outcome in elderly patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction

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Troponin T Percentiles from a Random Population Sample, Emergency Room Patients and Patients with Myocardial Infarction

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Platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade and outcome of cardiogenic shock complicating acute coronary syndromes without persistent ST-segment elevation

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Emergency Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery for Acute Coronary Syndrome

2006 • 142 citations

Does beta-blocker therapy improve clinical outcomes of acute myocardial infarction after successful primary angioplasty?

2004 • 142 citations

Otamixaban for the treatment of patients with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes (SEPIA-ACS1 TIMI 42): a randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 2 trial

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A dose-finding study of fondaparinux in patients with non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes

2004 • 142 citations

Monitoring the entry of new platelets into the circulation after ingestion of aspirin

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Medical Therapies and Invasive Treatments for Coronary Artery Disease by Body Mass: The “Obesity Paradox” in the Get With The Guidelines Database

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Antithrombotic Therapy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

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Clopidogrel pre-treatment in stable angina: for all patients >6 h before elective coronary angiography or only for angiographically selected patients a few minutes before PCI? A randomized multicentre trial PRAGUE-8

2008 • 140 citations

Oral glucose tolerance test is needed for appropriate classification of glucose regulation in patients with coronary artery disease: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Diabetes and the Heart

2006 • 140 citations

Optimal timing of coronary artery bypass after acute myocardial infarction: A review of California discharge data

2008 • 138 citations

Acute coronary occlusion in non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome: outcome and early identification by strain echocardiography

2010 • 138 citations

Safety and efficacy of drug-eluting stents in women: a patient-level pooled analysis of randomised trials

2013 • 137 citations

Thrombocytopenia Caused by Abciximab or Tirofiban and Its Association With Clinical Outcome in Patients Undergoing Coronary Stenting

2004 • 136 citations

Multivessel Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Versus Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in ESRD

2012 • 135 citations

Benefits From Small Molecule Administration as Compared With Abciximab Among Patients With ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary Angioplasty

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Sex-Specific Chest Pain Characteristics in the Early Diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction

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Clopidogrel 150 mg/day to Overcome Low Responsiveness in Patients Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2008 • 133 citations

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2004 • 132 citations

Invasive therapy along with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors and intracoronary stents improves survival in non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis and review of the literature

2004 • 132 citations

Efficacy of nifedipine and metoprolol in the early treatment of unstable angina in the coronary care unit: Findings from the Holland Interuniversity Nifedipine/metoprolol Trial (HINT)

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Is a systolic blood pressure target <140 mmHg indicated in all hypertensives? Subgroup analyses of findings from the randomized FEVER trial

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Two-Year Outcomes After First- or Second-Generation Drug-Eluting or Bare-Metal Stent Implantation in All-Comer Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

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Antiplatelet Therapy in Diabetes: Efficacy and Limitations of Current Treatment Strategies and Future Directions

2009 • 131 citations

The use of echocardiography in acute cardiovascular care: Recommendations of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging and the Acute Cardiovascular Care Association

2015 • 130 citations

Mortality reductions in patients receiving exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation: how much can be attributed to cardiovascular risk factor improvements?

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Effects of Hydration in Contrast-Induced Acute Kidney Injury After Primary Angioplasty

2011 • 128 citations

Safety and Efficacy of Drug-Eluting Stents in Older Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease

2011 • 127 citations

Evaluation of risk scores for risk stratification of acute coronary syndromes in the Myocardial Infarction National Audit Project (MINAP) database

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Stent Thrombosis With Ticagrelor Versus Clopidogrel in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes

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A unique, low dose of intravenous enoxaparin in elective percutaneous coronary intervention

2002 • 124 citations

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2005 • 124 citations

Culprit-only or multivessel revascularization in patients with acute coronary syndromes

2007 • 124 citations

In Unstable Angina or Non–ST-Segment Acute Coronary Syndrome, Should Patients With Multivessel Coronary Artery Disease Undergo Multivessel or Culprit-Only Stenting?

2007 • 124 citations

Gender differences in time to presentation for myocardial infarction before and after a national women's cardiovascular awareness campaign: A temporal analysis from the Can Rapid Risk Stratification of Unstable Angina Patients Suppress ADverse Outcomes with Early Implementation (CRUSADE) and the National Cardiovascular Data Registry Acute Coronary Treatment and Intervention Outcomes Network–Get with the Guidelines (NCDR ACTION Registry–GWTG)

2010 • 124 citations

One‐year Outcomes Following Coronary Computerized Tomographic Angiography for Evaluation of Emergency Department Patients with Potential Acute Coronary Syndrome

2009 • 124 citations

Timing of In-Hospital Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery for Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Patients

2010 • 122 citations

Can We Override Clopidogrel Resistance?

2009 • 122 citations

A comparison of two invasive strategies in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: results of the Early or Late Intervention in unStable Angina (ELISA) pilot study 2b/3a upstream therapy and acute coronary syndromes

2003 • 122 citations

Gender and restenosis after coronary artery stenting

2003 • 122 citations

Effects of age on long-term outcomes after a routine invasive or selective invasive strategy in patients presenting with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndromes: a collaborative analysis of individual data from the FRISC II - ICTUS - RITA-3 (FIR) trials

2011 • 122 citations

Prognostic value of ST segment depression in acute coronary syndromes: insights from PARAGON-A applied to GUSTO-IIb

2001 • 120 citations

A Systematic Review and Collaborative Meta-Analysis to Determine the Incremental Value of Copeptin for Rapid Rule-Out of Acute Myocardial Infarction

2014 • 120 citations

Randomized, Blinded Trial Comparing Fondaparinux With Unfractionated Heparin in Patients Undergoing Contemporary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2005 • 120 citations

The Efficacy and Safety of Prasugrel With and Without a Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Intervention

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High-Sensitivity Troponin I for Risk Assessment in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation

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Tirofiban as adjunctive therapy for acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis of randomized trials

2009 • 119 citations

Patients with coronary artery disease not amenable to traditional revascularization: Prevalence and 3‐year mortality

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Psychosocial interventions for smoking cessation in patients with coronary heart disease

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Clopidogrel use and bleeding after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

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In-Hospital Revascularization and One-Year Outcome of Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Stratified by the GRACE Risk Score

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Nonheparin Anticoagulants for Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

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64-Slice CT coronary angiography in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome

2007 • 112 citations

New P2Y12Inhibitors Versus Clopidogrel in Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

2010 • 112 citations

Frequency and Consequences of Recording an Electrocardiogram >10 Minutes After Arrival in an Emergency Room in Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes (from the CRUSADE Initiative)

2005 • 112 citations

The long-term value of sirolimus- and paclitaxel-eluting stents over bare metal stents in patients with diabetes mellitus

2006 • 112 citations

Impact of Delay to Angioplasty in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Invasive Management

2010 • 111 citations

Effectiveness of nurse-delivered cardiovascular risk management in primary care: a randomised trial

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Transfusion practice and outcomes in non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes

2008 • 110 citations

MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT LESIONS OF CORONARY ARTERIES

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Recommendations for the structure, organization, and operation of intensive cardiac care units

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Influence of Renal Function on the Efficacy and Safety of Fondaparinux Relative to Enoxaparin in Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Current concepts on coronary revascularization in diabetic patients

2011 • 108 citations

Acute coronary syndromes and diabetes: is intensive lipid lowering beneficial? Results of the PROVE IT-TIMI 22 trial

2006 • 108 citations

Association between high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels and the predicted cardiovascular risk in middle-aged men without overt cardiovascular disease

2010 • 108 citations

Biomarkers in Relation to the Effects of Ticagrelor in Comparison With Clopidogrel in Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Patients Managed With or Without In-Hospital Revascularization

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Drug Interactions With Phosphodiesterase-5 Inhibitors Used for the Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction or Pulmonary Hypertension

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Gender Differences in Acute Non–ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

2006 • 106 citations

One-year costs of ischemic heart disease among patients with acute coronary syndromes: findings from a multi-employer claims database

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ACCF/AHA New Insights Into the Methodology of Performance Measurement

2010 • 105 citations

Prevalence and clinical outcomes of undiagnosed diabetes mellitus and prediabetes among patients with high-risk non–ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome

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Mortality reductions in patients receiving exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation: how much can be attributed to cardiovascular risk factor improvements?

2006 • 102 citations

Quantitative analysis of the admission electrocardiogram identifies patients with unstable coronary artery disease who benefit the most from early invasive treatment

2003 • 100 citations

Use of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Acute Coronary Syndromes

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Safety of clopidogrel being continued until the time of coronary artery bypass grafting in patients with acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis of 34 studies

2011 • 100 citations

Relationship between baseline haemoglobin and major bleeding complications in acute coronary syndromes

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Sensitivity, Specificity, and Sex Differences in Symptoms Reported on the 13‐Item Acute Coronary Syndrome Checklist

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An Invasive or Conservative Strategy in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus and Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

2012 • 98 citations

Risk stratification in patients with acute chest pain using three high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays

2013 • 98 citations

Percutaneous coronary intervention in diabetic patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes

2004 • 97 citations

Altering Overuse of Cardiac Telemetry in Non–Intensive Care Unit Settings by Hardwiring the Use of American Heart Association Guidelines

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Bisoprolol for the treatment of chronic heart failure: A meta-analysis on individual data of two placebo-controlled studies—CIBIS and CIBIS II

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Drug-eluting stents versus bare metal stents for angina or acute coronary syndromes

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Early intravenous beta-blockers in patients with acute coronary syndrome—A meta-analysis of randomized trials

2012 • 96 citations

Pancoronary plaque vulnerability in patients with acute coronary syndrome and ruptured culprit plaque: A 3-vessel optical coherence tomography study

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Effectiveness of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Drug‐Eluting Stents Compared With Bypass Surgery in Diabetics With Multivessel Coronary Disease: Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis of Randomized Clinical Data

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Functional assessment of coronary stenoses: can we live without it?

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Benefits and risks of using clopidogrel before coronary artery bypass surgery: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials and observational studies

2011 • 92 citations

Conformational Change in Coronary Artery Structure Assessed by Optical Coherence Tomography in Patients With Vasospastic Angina

2011 • 90 citations

Fractional Flow Reserve of Infarct-Related Arteries Identifies Reversible Defects on Noninvasive Myocardial Perfusion Imaging Early After Myocardial Infarction

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Comparison of verapamil and propranolol therapy for angina pectoris at rest: A randomized, multiple-crossover, controlled trial in the coronary care unit

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Safety and Efficacy of Switching From Either Unfractionated Heparin or Enoxaparin to Bivalirudin in Patients With Non–ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes Managed With an Invasive Strategy

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Unstable Angina: Good Long-Term Outcome After a Complicated Early Course

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Anticoagulant Use in Patients with Chronic Renal Impairment

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A meta-analysis and systematic review of computed tomography angiography as a diagnostic triage tool for patients with chest pain presenting to the emergency department

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Indirect comparison meta-analysis of aspirin therapy after coronary surgery

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The association of in-hospital major bleeding with short-, intermediate-, and long-term mortality among older patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

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Improving long-term risk prediction in patients with acute chest pain: The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) risk score is enhanced by selected nonnecrosis biomarkers

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Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging for the diagnosis of patients presenting with chest pain, raised troponin, and unobstructed coronary arteries

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Safety and Efficacy of Bivalirudin With and Without Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

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ACCF/AHA New Insights Into the Methodology of Performance Measurement

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Efficacy and Safety of Fondaparinux Versus Enoxaparin in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes Treated With Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitors or Thienopyridines

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Similar outcome with an invasive strategy in men and women with non-ST-elevation acute coronary syndromes

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Comparing the predictive validity of three contemporary bleeding risk scores in acute coronary syndrome

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