Ineffectiveness of threat appeals about drinking and driving

A Theory of Psychological Reactance

1968 • 5,014 citations

Design and Analysis of Experiments in Psychology and Education.

1954 • 2,704 citations

Personality research form manual

1974 • 2,020 citations

Communication and persuasion.

1954 • 1,158 citations

Effects of fear-arousing communications.

1953 • 875 citations

Psychological Foundations of Attitudes

1968 • 839 citations

Effects of fear and specificity of recommendation upon attitudes and behavior.

1965 • 599 citations

Fear appeals and attitude change: Effects of a threat's noxiousness, probability of occurrence, and the efficacy of coping responses.

1976 • 350 citations

Freedom and Reactance. By Robert A. Wicklund. (Potomac, Md.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1974. Pp. 205. $10.95.)

1977 • 317 citations

Fear appeals and attitude change: Effects of a threat's noxiousness, probability of occurrence, and the efficacy of coping responses.

1976 • 304 citations

Fifteen years of fear arousal: Research on threat appeals: 1953-1968.

1969 • 289 citations

Effects of fear and instructions on how to cope with danger.

1967 • 237 citations

An experimental study of psychological resistances to fear arousing communications.

1962 • 203 citations

Elation, depression, and helping behavior.

1972 • 191 citations

Fear: The Potential of an Appeal Neglected by Marketing

1970 • 167 citations

Effects of varying the recommendations in a fear-arousing communication.

1966 • 155 citations

The relationship between coping and avoiding behavior and response to fear-arousing propaganda.

1959 • 145 citations

Fear arousal, persuasion, and actual versus implied behavioral change: New perspective utilizing a real-life dental hygiene program.

1970 • 127 citations

Personality Differences Associated with Responsiveness to Fear-Arousing Communications1

1954 • 122 citations

Effects of fear-arousing components of driver education on students' safety attitudes and simulator performance.

1976 • 109 citations

Effects of fear appeals and physiological arousal upon emotion, attitudes, and cigarette smoking.

1975 • 100 citations

Effects of fear appeals and physiological arousal upon emotion, attitudes, and cigarette smoking.

1975 • 100 citations

A field experiment on fear arousal with data on the validity of questionnaire measures1

1964 • 94 citations

Affect arousal and positioning of recommendations in persuasive communications.

1966 • 90 citations

Effects of high and low fear-arousing communications upon opinions toward smoking

1965 • 89 citations

A Follow-Up Study on the Long-Term Effects of Emotional Role Playing.

1968 • 87 citations

Sex differences in attitude and behavior change under conditions of fear and specific instructions

1966 • 85 citations

Source credibility and response to fear‐arousing communications

1965 • 75 citations

Effects of fear arousal and reassurance on attitude change.

1970 • 68 citations

Fear: The Potential of an Appeal Neglected by Marketing

1970 • 66 citations

Some recent research on fear‐arousing message appeals

1966 • 65 citations

Psychic Defenses against High Fear Appeals: A Key Marketing Variable

1970 • 53 citations

AROUSING FEAR IN DENTAL HEALTH EDUCATION*^,†

1965 • 45 citations

Effects of volunteering, fear arousal, and number of communications on attitude change.

1969 • 39 citations

The effect of anxiety‐arousing messages when related to personal, familial, and impersonal referents

1965 • 37 citations

Anxiety, comprehension, and susceptibility to social influence.

1968 • 34 citations

Attitude Change from Threat to Attitudinal Freedom

1968 • 28 citations

The effectiveness of feararousing movies in motivating preventive health measures.

1963 • 9 citations

The effects of various persuasive communications on community health: a pilot study.

1971 • 7 citations

Different strokes: Models of drug abuse prevention education

1976 • 4 citations