Th1/Th2 balance in preeclampsia

TH1 and TH2 Cells: Different Patterns of Lymphokine Secretion Lead to Different Functional Properties

1989 • 7,558 citations

Bidirectional cytokine interactions in the maternal-fetal relationship: is successful pregnancy a TH2 phenomenon?

1993 • 2,828 citations

Leptin modulates the T-cell immune response and reverses starvation-induced immunosuppression

1998 • 2,143 citations

Preeclampsia: An excessive maternal inflammatory response to pregnancy

1999 • 1,855 citations

Preeclampsia: An endothelial cell disorder

1989 • 1,848 citations

Preeclampsia is associated with failure of human cytotrophoblasts to mimic a vascular adhesion phenotype. One cause of defective endovascular invasion in this syndrome?

1997 • 920 citations

Synthesis of T helper 2-type cytokines at the maternal-fetal interface.

1993 • 911 citations

Normal pregnancy and preeclampsia both produce inflammatory changes in peripheral blood leukocytes akin to those of sepsis

1998 • 821 citations

Tumor necrosis factor downregulates an endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA by shortening its half-life.

1993 • 778 citations

Defective production of both leukemia inhibitory factor and type 2 T-helper cytokines by decidual T cells in unexplained recurrent abortions

1998 • 670 citations

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 mediates the biological effects of oxygen on human trophoblast differentiation through TGFβ3

2000 • 615 citations

Shedding of syncytiotrophoblast microvilli into the maternal circulation in pre‐eclamptic pregnancies

1998 • 492 citations

Quantitative Abnormalities of Fetal DNA in Maternal Serum in Preeclampsia

1999 • 483 citations

Placental Cytokines and the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia

1997 • 476 citations

IL-10 prevents naturally occurring fetal loss in the CBA x DBA/2 mating combination, and local defect in IL-10 production in this abortion-prone combination is corrected by in vivo injection of IFN-τ

2005 • 463 citations

Interleukin-18: A Novel Cytokine That Augments Both Innate and Acquired Immunity

1998 • 458 citations

An innate view of human pregnancy

1999 • 430 citations

Quantitative analysis of peripheral blood Th0, Th1, Th2 and the Th1:Th2 cell ratio during normal human pregnancy and preeclampsia

1999 • 417 citations

IL-10 prevents naturally occurring fetal loss in the CBA x DBA/2 mating combination, and local defect in IL-10 production in this abortion-prone combination is corrected by in vivo injection of IFN-tau.

1995 • 395 citations

Interleukin‐6, turnour necrosis factor and soluble turnour necrosis factor receptors in women with pre‐eclampsia

1995 • 389 citations

Cytotoxicity of tumour necrosis factor-alpha and gamma-interferon against primary human placental trophoblasts

1994 • 372 citations

Inhibition of TGF-β3 restores the invasive capability of extravillous trophoblasts in preeclamptic pregnancies

1999 • 363 citations

Pregnancy impairs resistance of C57BL/6 mice to Leishmania major infection and causes decreased antigen-specific IFN-gamma response and increased production of T helper 2 cytokines.

1996 • 311 citations

A new animal model for human preeclampsia: Ultra-lowdose endotoxin infusion in pregnant rats

1994 • 294 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-α is elevated in plasma and amniotic fluid of patients with severe preeclampsia

1994 • 263 citations

A Deficiency of Placental IL-10 in Preeclampsia

1999 • 251 citations

Tumor necrosis factor induces glomerular damage in the rabbit.

1989 • 244 citations

Increased T‐Helper‐1‐Type Immunity and Decreased T‐Helper‐2‐Type Immunity in Patients with Preeclampsia

1999 • 238 citations

TNFα concentrations and mRNA expression are increased in preeclamptic placentas

1996 • 191 citations

Tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) gene polymorphism and expression in pre-eclampsia

1996 • 158 citations

The immunology of preeclampsia

1999 • 146 citations

Distribution of Th1, Th2, and Th0 and the Th1/Th2 Cell Ratios in Human Peripheral and Endometrial T Cells

1999 • 135 citations

Evidence for an Elevation in Serum Interleukin‐2 and Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Levels Before the Clinical Manifestations of Preeclampsia

1997 • 135 citations

T helper 1- and T helper 2-type cytokine imbalance in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia

1999 • 124 citations

The Placental Bed

1996 • 123 citations

Review: Immunobiology of Preeclampsia

1997 • 111 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-mediated decrease in glutathione increases the sensitivity of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells to H2O2.

1992 • 107 citations

Microarray analysis of differentially expressed genes in placental tissue of pre-eclampsia: up-regulation of obesity-related genes

2002 • 100 citations

Pre‐eclampsia and cytokine induced oxidative stress

1993 • 87 citations

Increased Numbers of Circulating Interferon‐γ‐and Interleukin‐4‐Secreting Cells During Normal Pregnancy

1998 • 84 citations

IL-18 in pregnancy; the elevation of IL-18 in maternal peripheral blood during labour and complicated pregnancies

2000 • 81 citations

Endothelial cell activation by tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α and the development of pre-eclampsia

1994 • 77 citations

Immunohistochemical detection of terminal complement complex and S protein in normal and pre-eclamptic placentae

1990 • 76 citations

Accumulation of CRTH2-positive T-helper 2 and T-cytotoxic 2 cells at implantation sites of human decidua in a prostaglandin D2-mediated manner

2002 • 72 citations

Fetal cells in maternal blood of pregnancies with severe fetal growth restriction

2000 • 72 citations

Interleukin‐12 Secretion by Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells is Decreased in Normal Pregnant Subjects and Increased in Preeclamptic Patients

2002 • 70 citations

Plasma Interleukin‐12 Is Elevated in Patients with Preeclampsia

1998 • 69 citations

Murine fetal resorption and experimental pre-eclampsia are induced by both excessive Th1 and Th2 activation

2000 • 68 citations

Cytokine secretion by decidual lymphocytes in transient hypertension of pregnancy and pre‐eclampsia

2002 • 66 citations

Evidence for reduced Th1 function in normal pregnancy: a hypothesis for the remission of rheumatoid arthritis.

1997 • 65 citations

The relationship between autoantibodies and intrauterine growth retardation in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy

1991 • 63 citations

Sex and parity modulate cytokine production during murine ageing

1997 • 61 citations

Cytokine expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes indicates a switch to Thelper cells in patients with preeclampsia

2002 • 60 citations

A novel surface molecule of Th2- and Tc2-type cells, CRTH2 expression on human peripheral and decidual CD4+ and CD8+ T cells during the early stage of pregnancy

2001 • 57 citations

Suppression of Interleukin-12 Production by Human Monocytes After Preincubation With Lipopolysaccharide

1999 • 55 citations

Lymphocyte Subsets and Autoantibodies in Pregnancies Complicated by Placental Disorders

1995 • 53 citations

Activity of natural killer cells in normal pregnancy and edema-proteinuria-hypertension gestosis

1983 • 46 citations

Lymphocyte subsets and T h 1/T h 2 immune responses in patients with adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus or oesophagogastric junction: relation to pTNM stage and clinical outcome

2003 • 43 citations

Increased serum activity of interleukin-2 in patients with pre-eclampsia

1989 • 42 citations

Relation between adenosine and T-helper 1/T-helper 2 imbalance in women with preeclampsia

2002 • 41 citations

Histochemical Demonstration of Interleukin‐2 in Decidua Cells of Patients With Preeclampsia

1995 • 38 citations

Interleukin‐12 Augments Cytolytic Activity of Peripheral and Decidual Lymphocytes Against Choriocarcinoma Cell Lines and Primary Culture Human Placental Trophoblasts

1999 • 37 citations

Expansion of the Fraction of Th1 Cells in Women with Preeclampsia: Inverse Correlation between the Percentage of Th1 Cells and the Plasma Level of PAI‐2

2001 • 25 citations

Modulation of interferon-γ-induced major histocompatibility (MHC) and CD14 antigen changes by lipophilic muramyltripeptide MTP-PE in human monocytes

1988 • 24 citations

Increased progesterone concentrations are necessary to suppress interleukin-2—activated human mononuclear cell cytotoxicity

1991 • 18 citations

Relation between Plasma Endothelin 1 Levels and T Helper 1: T Helper 2 Cell Immunity in Women with Preeclampsia

2001 • 8 citations