Environmental Factors in Parkinson’s Disease

Mutation in the α-Synuclein Gene Identified in Families with Parkinson's Disease

1997 • 7,814 citations

Chronic Parkinsonism in Humans Due to a Product of Meperidine-Analog Synthesis

1983 • 4,822 citations

Chronic systemic pesticide exposure reproduces features of Parkinson's disease

2000 • 3,559 citations

α-Synuclein in filamentous inclusions of Lewy bodies from Parkinson’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies

1998 • 2,898 citations

Brain dopamine and the syndromes of Parkinson and Huntington Clinical, morphological and neurochemical correlations

1973 • 2,615 citations

A redox-based mechanism for the neuroprotective and neurodestructive effects of nitric oxide and related nitroso-compounds

1993 • 2,423 citations

Accelerated in vitro fibril formation by a mutant α-synuclein linked to early-onset Parkinson disease

1998 • 1,460 citations

Parkinsonism-inducing neurotoxin, N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6 -tetrahydropyridine: uptake of the metabolite N-methyl-4-phenylpyridine by dopamine neurons explains selective toxicity.

1985 • 1,253 citations

Inhibition of NADH-linked oxidation in brain mitochondria by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-pyridine, a metabolite of the neurotoxin, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine

1985 • 1,236 citations

Reversible inhibition of cytochrome c oxidase, the terminal enzyme of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, by nitric oxide

1994 • 1,214 citations

Increased Nigral Iron Content and Alterations in Other Metal Ions Occurring in Brain in Parkinson's Disease

1989 • 1,117 citations

Mice Deficient in Cellular Glutathione Peroxidase Show Increased Vulnerability to Malonate, 3-Nitropropionic Acid, and 1-Methyl-4-Phenyl-1,2,5,6-Tetrahydropyridine

2000 • 1,112 citations

Oxidative pathways for catecholamines in the genesis of neuromelanin and cytotoxic quinones.

1978 • 1,073 citations

Inducible nitric oxide synthase stimulates dopaminergic neurodegeneration in the MPTP model of Parkinson disease

1999 • 1,035 citations

Evidence of active nerve cell degeneration in the substantia nigra of humans years after 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine exposure

1999 • 967 citations

Parkinson Disease in Twins<SUBTITLE>An Etiologic Study</SUBTITLE>

1999 • 861 citations

Environmental Risk Factors and Parkinson's Disease: Selective Degeneration of Nigral Dopaminergic Neurons Caused by the Herbicide Paraquat

2002 • 804 citations

Association of Coffee and Caffeine Intake With the Risk of Parkinson Disease

2000 • 755 citations

Increased iron (III) and total iron content in post mortem substantia nigra of parkinsonian brain

1988 • 738 citations

Inhibition of Mitochondrial Electron Transport by Peroxynitrite

1994 • 697 citations

Inhibition of monoamine oxidase B in the brains of smokers

1996 • 666 citations

Aging and Extrapyramidal Function

1977 • 650 citations

The Herbicide Paraquat Causes Up-regulation and Aggregation of α-Synuclein in Mice

2002 • 644 citations

The risk of Parkinson's disease with exposure to pesticides, farming, well water, and rural living

1998 • 630 citations

Role of neuronal nitric oxide in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity.

1996 • 626 citations

Permanent human parkinsonism due to 1‐methy 1–4‐phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)

1985 • 620 citations

Time course and morphology of dopaminergic neuronal death caused by the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

1995 • 608 citations

Environmental risk factors and Parkinson's disease

1997 • 605 citations

Protection of substantia nigra from MPP+ neurotoxicity by N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists

1991 • 554 citations

Role for Excitatory Amino Acids in Methamphetamine-Induced Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic Toxicity

1989 • 495 citations

The Nigrostriatal Dopaminergic System as a Preferential Target of Repeated Exposures to Combined Paraquat and Maneb: Implications for Parkinson's Disease

2000 • 462 citations

In situ detection of apoptotic nuclei in the substantia nigra compacta of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-treated mice using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase labelling and acridine orange staining

1997 • 460 citations

In vivo inhibition of superoxide dismutase in mice by diethyldithiocarbamate.

1976 • 457 citations

Transgenic mice with increased Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase activity are resistant to N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced neurotoxicity

1992 • 457 citations

Occupational exposures to metals as risk factors for Parkinson's disease

1997 • 449 citations

Manganese neurotoxicity: a review of clinical features, imaging and pathology.

1999 • 433 citations

Parkinson's disease and exposure to agricultural work and pesticide chemicals

1992 • 429 citations

Brain monoamine oxidase A inhibition in cigarette smokers

1996 • 427 citations

Possible environmental, occupational, and other etiologic factors for Parkinson's disease

1996 • 424 citations

VMAT2 knockout mice: Heterozygotes display reduced amphetamine-conditioned reward, enhanced amphetamine locomotion, and enhanced MPTP toxicity

1997 • 420 citations

Paraquat elicited neurobehavioral syndrome caused by dopaminergic neuron loss

1999 • 416 citations

Inhibition of Neuronal Nitric Oxide Synthase by 7‐Nitroindazole Protects Against MPTP‐Induced Neurotoxicity in Mice

1995 • 416 citations

Energy-dependent uptake of N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium, the neurotoxic metabolite of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, by mitochondria.

1986 • 404 citations

Animal Models of Action Tremor

2008 • 392 citations

Dopamine transporters and neuronal injury

1999 • 376 citations

Irreversible Inhibition of Mitochondrial Complex I by 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenylpyridinium: Evidence for Free Radical Involvement

1992 • 371 citations

DEATH-CAP POISONING

1973 • 358 citations

Dopamine Transporter Is Required for In Vivo MPTP Neurotoxicity: Evidence from Mice Lacking the Transporter

1997 • 358 citations

Parkinson's disease and brain levels of organochlorine pesticides

1994 • 350 citations

Pesticides directly accelerate the rate of α‐synuclein fibril formation: a possible factor in Parkinson's disease

2001 • 348 citations

Locus ceruleus lesions and eosinophilic inclusions in MPTP‐treated monkeys

1986 • 347 citations

Parkinson's disease: A case‐control study of occupational and environmental risk factors

1990 • 292 citations

Dopaminergic toxicity of rotenone and the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion after their stereotaxic administration to rats: Implication for the mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine toxicity

1985 • 290 citations

Parkinson's disease

1993 • 281 citations

MPTP induces alpha-synuclein aggregation in the substantia nigra of baboons

2000 • 277 citations

Epidemiology of Parkinson’s Disease

2007 • 275 citations

Active uptake of MPP+, a metabolite of MPTP, by brain synaptosomes

1985 • 270 citations

Environmental risk factors in Parkinson's disease

1990 • 263 citations

Chronic exposure to the fungicide maneb may produce symptoms and signs of CNS manganese intoxication

1988 • 255 citations

Decreased Ferritin Levels in Brain in Parkinson's Disease

1990 • 254 citations

Aggregation of Neurofilament and α-Synuclein Proteins in Lewy Bodies

1998 • 254 citations

Risk of Parkinson's disease among first-degree relatives

1996 • 252 citations

Carrier-mediated processes in blood–brain barrier penetration and neural uptake of paraquat

2001 • 247 citations

Nutritional and occupational factors influencing the risk of Parkinson's disease: A case-control study in southeastern Sweden

1999 • 236 citations

Studies on Parkinson's Disease Including X-Ray Fluorescent Spectroscopy of Formalin Fixed Brain Tissue

1968 • 227 citations

Prospective Study of Cigarette Smoking and the Risk of Developing Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease

1994 • 224 citations

Smoking and Parkinson’s disease

1999 • 222 citations

Evidence for mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's disease-a critical appraisal

1994 • 216 citations

Systemic administration of rotenone produces selective damage in the striatum and globus pallidus, but not in the substantia nigra

1997 • 200 citations

An endogenous substance of the brain, tetrahydroisoquinoline, produces parkinsonism in primates with decreased dopamine, tyrosine hydroxylase and biopterin in the nigrostriatal regions

1988 • 200 citations

Parkinsonism after chronic exposure to the fungicide maneb (manganese ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate).

1994 • 196 citations

Presence of tetrahydroisoquinoline and 2-methyl-tetrahydroquinoline in Parkinsonian and normal human brains

1987 • 185 citations

Epidemiologic study of Parkinson's disease in Hong Kong

1989 • 175 citations

Environmental factors and Parkinson's disease

1989 • 175 citations

Diorthosubstituted Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Caudate Nucleus in Parkinson's Disease

1998 • 172 citations

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine (MPP+) cause rapid ATP depletion in isolated hepatocytes

1986 • 167 citations

Relationship among nigrostriatal denervation, parkinsonism, and dyskinesias in the MPTP primate model

2000 • 163 citations

Iron and Other Metals in Neuromelanin, Substantia Nigra, and Putamen of Human Brain

1994 • 162 citations

MK‐801 Prevents 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridine‐Induced Parkinsonism in Primates

1992 • 155 citations

1‐Benzyl‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline as a Parkinsonism‐Inducing Agent: A Novel Endogenous Amine in Mouse Brain and Parkinsonian CSF

1995 • 153 citations

Risk-factors for Parkinson's disease: case-control study in the province of Cáceres, Spain

2009 • 152 citations

The Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease

1991 • 143 citations

Dopamine and nicotinic receptor binding and the levels of dopamine and homovanillic acid in human brain related to tobacco use

1998 • 136 citations

Increased striatal dopamine turnover following acute administration of rotenone to mice

2000 • 136 citations

Cigarette smoking and Parkinson disease

1980 • 136 citations

1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) neurotoxicity in mice is enhanced by pretreatment with diethyldithiocarbamate

1985 • 129 citations

Chronic nicotine treatment counteracts nigral cell loss induced by a partial mesodiencephalic hemitransection: An analysis of the total number and mean volume of neurons and glia in substantia nigra of the male rat

1993 • 129 citations

Acute and reversible parkinsonism due to organophosphate pesticide intoxication

1999 • 129 citations

Presence of tetrahydroisoquinoline and 1-methyl-tetrahydro-isoquinoline in foods: Compounds related to Parkinson's disease

1988 • 127 citations

Mitochondrial respiratory inhibition by N-methylated beta-carboline derivatives structurally resembling N-methyl-4-phenylpyridine.

1990 • 114 citations

Nicotine protects cultured striatal neurones against N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor-mediated neurotoxicity

1994 • 112 citations

Potential bioactivated neurotoxicants, N-methylated β-carbolinium ions, are present in human brain

1993 • 112 citations

Follow‐up study of early‐life protective and risk factors in Parkinson's disease

1990 • 111 citations

Endogenously Occurring β‐Carboline Induces Parkinsonism in Nonprimate Animals: A Possible Causative Protoxin in Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease

1998 • 110 citations

Dopamine uptake blockers protect against the dopamine depleting effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) in the mouse striatum

1985 • 110 citations

Deprenyl Protects Dopamine Neurons from the Neurotoxic Effect of 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenylpyridinium Ion

1985 • 109 citations

A Dopaminergic Cell Line Variant Resistant to the Neurotoxin 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1,2,3,6‐Tetrahydropyridine

1987 • 109 citations

Glutathione in Parkinson's disease: A link between oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage?

1992 • 108 citations

Parkinson's Disease and Exposure to Rural Environmental Factors: A Population Based Case-Control Study

1991 • 105 citations

Toxicity of Dieldrin for Dopaminergic Neurons in Mesencephalic Cultures

1998 • 104 citations

N‐Methylation of Dopamine‐Derived 6,7‐Dihydroxy‐1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline, (R)‐Salsolinol, in Rat Brains: In Vivo Microdialysis Study

1992 • 102 citations

Subcellular compartmentalization of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium with catecholamines in adrenal medullary chromaffin vesicles may explain the lack of toxicity to adrenal chromaffin cells.

1987 • 101 citations

Isolation and Characterization of a Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor from Tobacco Leaves

1999 • 98 citations

Early Onset Parkinson's Disease in Saskatchewan - Environmental Considerations for Etiology

1986 • 98 citations

Parkinsonism and occupational exposure to pesticides

2001 • 94 citations

Neurology: Predicting Parkinson's disease

1985 • 93 citations

A selective toxicity toward cultured mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons is induced by the synergistic effects of energetic metabolism impairment and NMDA receptor activation

1995 • 93 citations

Nicotine prevents glutamate-induced proteolysis of the microtubule-associated protein MAP-2 and glutamate neurotoxicity in primary cultures of cerebellar neurons

1998 • 92 citations

Smoking and Parkinson's disease: a case-control study in Germany

1997 • 91 citations

Energy-driven uptake of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium into chromaffin granules via the catecholamine transporter.

1988 • 88 citations

Decreases in mouse brain NAD+ and ATP induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP): prevention by the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor, benzamide

1998 • 87 citations

Differential effects of acute and chronic nicotine treatment on MPTP-(1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) induced degeneration of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons in the black mouse

1992 • 85 citations

Heptachlor alters expression and function of dopamine transporters.

1999 • 85 citations

Inhibition of Monoamine Oxidase Contributes to the Protective Effect of 7‐Nitroindazole Against MPTP Neurotoxicity

1997 • 82 citations

beta-Carbolinium cations, endogenous MPP ^plus analogs, in the lumbar cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Parkinson's disease

1995 • 81 citations

The neurotoxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium in cultured cerebellar granule cells

1989 • 81 citations

Dopamine uptake inhibitory capacities of β-carboline and 3,4-dihydro-β-carboline analogs of N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) oxidation products

1990 • 79 citations

Toxicity of 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenylpyridinium for Rat Dopaminergic Neurons in Culture: Selectivity and Irreversibility

1990 • 76 citations

Does a long preclinical period occur in Parkinson's disease?

1991 • 72 citations

Acute and persistent parkinsonism after use of diquat

1992 • 71 citations

Does a long preclinical period occur in Parkinson's disease?

1991 • 70 citations

Environmental Risk Factors in Siblings With Parkinson's Disease

1991 • 69 citations

POSSIBLE ORGANOPHOSPHATE-INDUCED PARKINSONISM

1978 • 68 citations

The next frontier in Parkinson's disease

1991 • 67 citations

Increased β-Carboline 9N-Methyltransferase Activity in the Frontal Cortex in Parkinson's Disease

2000 • 65 citations

Environmental risk factors for Parkinson's disease in an urban multiethnic community

1998 • 62 citations

Increased brain NAD prevents neuronal apoptosis in vivo

1997 • 61 citations

Diethyldithiocarbamate Causes Nigral Cell Loss and Dopamine Depletion with Nontoxic Doses of MPTP

1999 • 59 citations

Paraquat and two endogenous analogues of the neurotoxic substance N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine do not damage dopaminergic nigrostriatal neurons in the mouse

1986 • 57 citations

Novel Endogenous 1,2,3,4‐Tetrahydroisoquinoline Derivatives: Uptake by Dopamine Transporter and Activity to Induce Parkinsonism

1998 • 57 citations

Novel S‐Adenosylmethionine‐Dependent Indole‐N‐Methylation of β‐Carbolines in Brain Particulate Fractions

1992 • 56 citations

The High Sensitivity to Rotenone of Striatal Dopamine Uptake Suggests the Existence of a Constitutive Metabolic Deficiency in Dopaminergic Neurons From the Substantia Nigra

1993 • 55 citations

2‐Deoxyglucose Enhances 1‐Methyl‐4‐Phenyl‐1, 2, 3, 6‐Tetrahydropyridine‐Induced ATP Loss in the Mouse Brain

1993 • 52 citations

(+)MK-801 does not prevent MPTP-induced loss of nigral neurons in mice.

1997 • 52 citations

Epidemiology and Genetics of Parkinson’s Disease

2000 • 51 citations

Methyl-β-carbolinium analogs of MPP+ cause nigrostriatal toxicity after substantia nigra injections in rats

1995 • 51 citations

No changes in behaviour, nigro-striatal system neurochemistry or neuronal cell death following toxic multiple oral paraquat administration to rats

1996 • 49 citations

Inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-like endogenous alkaloids in mouse brain

1990 • 46 citations

Dopamine transporter mRNA levels are high in midbrain neurons vulnerable to MPTP

1997 • 45 citations

The effect of diethyldithiocarbamate on the biodisposition of MPTP: an explanation for enhanced neurotoxicity

1987 • 44 citations

Structure-activity study of the mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity. I. Evaluation of the biological activity of MPTP analogs.

1989 • 43 citations

Caffeine mimics dopamine receptor agonists without stimulation of dopamine receptors

1986 • 42 citations

The Use of the MPTP-Treated Mouse as an Animal Model of Parkinsonism

1987 • 42 citations

Gene-Toxin Interaction as a Putative Risk Factor for Parkinson’s Disease with Dementia

1998 • 42 citations

Discussion

1998 • 38 citations

The catecholamine uptake blocker nomifensine protects against MPTP-induced parkinsonism in monkeys

1986 • 37 citations

Enhanced MPTP neurotoxicity after treatment with isoflurophate or cholinergic agonists.

1994 • 37 citations

Structure-activity study of the mechanism of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced neurotoxicity. II. Evaluation of the biological activity of the pyridinium metabolites formed from the monoamine oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of MPTP analogs.

1989 • 36 citations

Dopaminergic Neurotoxicity In Vivo and Inhibition of Mitochondrial Respiration In Vitro by Possible Endogenous Pyridinium‐Like Substances

1991 • 35 citations

Nitric oxide synthase inhibition and MPTP-induced toxicity in the common marmoset

1997 • 31 citations

(+)MK-801 prevents the DDC-induced enhancement of MPTP toxicity in mice

1994 • 30 citations

Toxicity of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium and 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium species in primary cultures of mouse astrocytes.

1992 • 29 citations

Catecholamine-Derived Tetrahydroisoquinolines: O-Methylation Patterns and Regional Brain Distribution Following Intraventricular Administration in Rats

1983 • 26 citations

The tyramine-labelled vesicular transporter for dopamine: a putative target of pesticides and neurotoxins

1995 • 21 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations