Clonal Deletion Versus Clonal Anergy: The Role of the Thymus in Inducing Self Tolerance

Structure of the human class I histocompatibility antigen, HLA-A2

1987 • 3,453 citations

The foreign antigen binding site and T cell recognition regions of class I histocompatibility antigens

1987 • 2,403 citations

T cell tolerance by clonal elimination in the thymus

1987 • 2,248 citations

Site-restricted persistent cytomegalovirus infection after selective long-term depletion of CD4+ T lymphocytes.

1989 • 2,118 citations

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity

1959 • 2,008 citations

A Cell Culture Model for T Lymphocyte Clonal Anergy

1990 • 1,894 citations

Tolerance in T-cell-receptor transgenic mice involves deletion of nonmature CD4+8+ thymocytes

1988 • 1,711 citations

A Theory of Self-Nonself Discrimination

1970 • 1,700 citations

The clonal selection theory of acquired immunity

1959 • 1,576 citations

Clonal Expansion Versus Functional Clonal Inactivation: A Costimulatory Signalling Pathway Determines the Outcome of T Cell Antigen Receptor Occupancy

1989 • 1,512 citations

The CD4 and CD8 T cell surface antigens are associated with the internal membrane tyrosine-protein kinase p56lck

1988 • 1,442 citations

The Vβ-specific superantigen staphylococcal enterotoxin B: Stimulation of mature T cells and clonal deletion in neonatal mice

1989 • 1,095 citations

The Basis for the Immunoregulatory Role of Macrophages and Other Accessory Cells

1987 • 1,040 citations

Self-tolerance eliminates T cells specific for Mls-modified products of the major histocompatibility complex

1988 • 1,036 citations

Tolerance induction in double specific T-cell receptor transgenic mice varies with antigen

1989 • 1,010 citations

T-cell receptor Vβ use predicts reactivity and tolerance to Mlsa- encoded antigens

1988 • 901 citations

Interaction between CD4 and class II MHC molecules mediates cell adhesion

1987 • 823 citations

Positive and negative selection of an antigen receptor on T cells in transgenic mice

1988 • 758 citations

Genes and Antibodies

1959 • 675 citations

Signal transduction through the CD4 receptor involves the activation of the internal membrane tyrosine-protein kinase p56lck

1989 • 671 citations

The Role of the T3/Antigen Receptor Complex in T-Cell Activation

1986 • 627 citations

Positive selection of antigen-specific T cells in thymus by restricting MHC molecules

1988 • 618 citations

The Role of the T Cell Receptor in Positive and Negative Selection of Developing T Cells

1990 • 589 citations

The T Cell Receptor

1987 • 554 citations

A lymphocyte-specific protein-tyrosine kinase gene is rearranged and overexpressed in the murine T cell lymphoma LSTRA

1985 • 550 citations

The T-cell repertoire is heavily influenced by tolerance to polymorphic self-antigens

1988 • 491 citations

The Structure, Function, and Molecular Genetics of the gamma/delta T Cell Receptor

1989 • 476 citations

Molecular and Cellular Events of T Cell Development

1989 • 466 citations

Clonal anergy induced in mature Vβ6+ T lymphocytes on immunizing Mls-1b mice with Mls-1a expressing cells

1989 • 462 citations

Cell-cell adhesion mediated by CD8 and MHC class I molecules

1988 • 445 citations

T cell stimulation by staphylococcal enterotoxins. Clonally variable response and requirement for major histocompatibility complex class II molecules on accessory or target cells.

1988 • 427 citations

T Cell Selection in the Thymus

1988 • 405 citations

High-affinity binding of staphylococcal enterotoxins A and B to HLA-DR

1989 • 388 citations

Antigen/MHC-specific T cells are preferentially exported from the thymus in the presence of their MHC ligand

1989 • 386 citations

T‐Cell Responses to Mls and to Bacterial Proteins that Mimic its Behavior^#

1989 • 337 citations

The MHC molecule I-E is necessary but not sufficient for the clonal deletion of V beta 11-bearing T cells.

1989 • 331 citations

Self-Nonself Discrimination by T Cells

1990 • 331 citations

The effect of thymus environment on T cell development and tolerance

1988 • 330 citations

Induction of classical transplantation tolerance in the adult.

1989 • 325 citations

Effect of deoxyguanosine on lymphopoiesis in the developing thymus rudiment in vitro: Application in the production of chimeric thymus rudiments

1982 • 324 citations

A Nondeletional Mechanism of Thymic Self Tolerance

1989 • 322 citations

Molecular events in the induction of a nonresponsive state in interleukin 2-producing helper T-lymphocyte clones.

1987 • 310 citations

Does T-cell tolerance require a dedicated antigen-presenting cell?

1989 • 288 citations

Identity of cells that imprint H–2-restricted T-cell specificity in the thymus

1986 • 267 citations

Diabetes in transgenic mice resulting from over-expression of class I histocompatibility molecules in pancreatic β cells

1988 • 266 citations

Deletion of self-reactive thymocytes occurs at a CD4+8+ precursor stage

1988 • 265 citations

Early Events in T-Cell Maturation

1987 • 242 citations

T-cell tolerance by clonal anergy in transgenic mice with nonlymphoid expression of MHC class II I–E

1989 • 238 citations

Deletion of autospecific T cells in T cell receptor (TCR) transgenic mice spares cells with normal TCR levels and low levels of CD8 molecules.

1989 • 231 citations

Reconstitution of MHC class I specificity by transfer of the T cell receptor and Lyt-2 genes

1987 • 220 citations

Compartmentalization of MHC class II gene expression in transgenic mice

1988 • 201 citations

Bone marrow origin of Ia-positive cells in the medulla rat thymus.

1981 • 197 citations

Intrathymic deletion of self-reactive cells prevented by neonatal anti-CD4 antibody treatment

1988 • 197 citations

Transfection of the CD8 gene enhances T-cell recognition

1987 • 177 citations

Tolerance Induced by Thymic Epithelial Grafts in Birds

1987 • 167 citations

Major histocompatibility complex antigen expression on the epithelium of the developing thymus in normal and nude mice.

1981 • 165 citations

Thymocytes appear to ignore class I major histocompatibility complex antigens expressed on thymus epithelial cells

1984 • 158 citations

Tolerance in transgenic mice expressing class II major histocompatibility complex on pancreatic acinar cells.

1989 • 156 citations

Phenotypic differences between αβ versus β T-cell receptor transgenic mice undergoing negative selection

1989 • 147 citations

Clonal deletion and clonal anergy in the thymus induced by cellular elements with different radiation sensitivities.

1990 • 146 citations

Association of immunity and tolerance to host H-2 determinants in irradiated F1 hybrid mice reconstituted with bone marrow cells from one parental strain.

1975 • 140 citations

Successful transplantation across major histocompatibility barrier of deoxyguanosine-treated embryonic thymus expressing class II antigens

1984 • 138 citations

Transgenic mice selectively lacking MHC class II (I-E) antigen expression on B cells: An in vivo approach to investigate la gene function

1987 • 134 citations

Preferential expression of the T-cell receptor Vβ3 gene by Mlsc reactive T cells

1988 • 123 citations

Self tolerance is H–2-restricted

1984 • 121 citations

Evidence from in vitro studies that tolerance to self antigens is MHC-restricted

1984 • 119 citations

Minor but not major histocompatibility antigens of thymus epithelium tolerize precursors of cytolytic T cells

1986 • 109 citations

Stromal cell types in the developing thymus of the normal and nude mouse embryo

1985 • 108 citations

Self-tolerance alters T-cell receptor expression in an antigen-specific MHC restricted immune response

1988 • 101 citations

Thymic Requirement for Clonal Deletion During T Cell Development

1989 • 95 citations

Immune responses of thymusf/ymphocyte embryonic chimeras: studies on tolerance and major histocompatibility complex restriction in Xenopus

1985 • 90 citations

Thymic cortical epithelial cells lack full capacity for antigen presentation

1989 • 85 citations

Induction of H-2-restricted cytotoxic T cells: in vivo induction has the appearance of being unrestricted

1977 • 85 citations

Suppression of T cell responses through competition for T cell growth factor (interleukin 2)

1982 • 83 citations

The effect of allogeneic presensitization on H-Y graft survival and in vitro cell-mediated responses to H-y antigen.

1976 • 82 citations

Role of the H-2 complex in the induction of T cell tolerance to self minor histocompatibility antigens.

1983 • 80 citations

Clonal deletion of self-reactive T cells in irradiation bone marrow chimeras and neonatally tolerant mice. Evidence for intercellular transfer of Mlsa.

1989 • 76 citations

Failure of T Cell Receptor V _β Negative Selection in an Athymic Environment

1989 • 76 citations

B-Cell Control Region at the 5′ End of a Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II Gene: Sequences and Factors

1988 • 71 citations

Positive and negative selection of T cell receptor V beta domains controlled by distinct cell populations in the thymus.

1989 • 67 citations

In vivo induction of antigen-specific transplantation tolerance to Qa1a by exposure to alloantigen in the absence of T-cell help.

1990 • 63 citations

T-Cell Recognition of Minor Lymphocyte Stimulating (MLS) Gene Products

1989 • 59 citations

Immunotherapy by peptides?

1989 • 55 citations

Capacity of unprimed CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressing V beta 11 receptors to respond to I-E alloantigens in vivo.

1989 • 53 citations

Intrathymic selection of murine TCRαβ⁺CD4⁻CD8⁻ thymocytes

1990 • 50 citations

Selection of cytotoxic T-cell precursors specific for minor histocompatibility determinants. I. Negative selection across H-2 barriers induced with disrupted cells but not with glutaraldehyde-treated cells: evidence for antigen processing.

1980 • 48 citations

Antigen-presenting cells from nonresponder strain 2 guinea pigs are fully competent to present bovine insulin B chain to responder strain 13 T cells. Evidence against a determinant selection model and in favor of a clonal deletion model of immune response gene function.

1983 • 44 citations

Molecular mechanisms for lineage commitment in T cell development.

1990 • 38 citations

The MIs locus: new clues to a lingering mystery

1988 • 32 citations

Idiotypic Regulation of T Cells in Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease and Autoimmunity

1989 • 30 citations

Mls and Tolerance

1989 • 14 citations

Deletion of Mls‐reactive T cells in H‐2‐compatible but Mls‐incompatible bone marrow chimeras

1989 • 9 citations

Analysis of T hybridomas prepared from a T cell clone with three specificities. Recognition of self + X and allo-H-2 determinants segregates from recognition of Mlsa determinants.

1988 • 8 citations

Deletion of self-reactive T cells in nude mice grafted with neonatal allogeneic thymus.

1990 • 8 citations

Tolerance to class II MHC in transgenic mice.

1989 • 4 citations