On the existence of cytokines in invertebrates

A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity

1997 • 5,522 citations

The Dorsoventral Regulatory Gene Cassette spätzle/Toll/cactus Controls the Potent Antifungal Response in Drosophila Adults

1996 • 3,854 citations

Cell surface, heparin-like molecules are required for binding of basic fibroblast growth factor to its high affinity receptor

1991 • 2,437 citations

DPC4 , A Candidate Tumor Suppressor Gene at Human Chromosome 18q21.1

1996 • 2,320 citations

Interleukin-8 and related chemotactic cytokines--CXC and CC chemokines.

1994 • 2,251 citations

Bone morphogenetic proteins: multifunctional regulators of vertebrate development.

1996 • 1,959 citations

The TGF-beta superfamily: new members, new receptors, and new genetic tests of function in different organisms.

1994 • 1,950 citations

REGULATION OF IMMUNE RESPONSES BY TGF-β

1998 • 1,908 citations

Toll-like Receptor-4 Mediates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Signal Transduction

1999 • 1,905 citations

A family of human receptors structurally related to Drosophila Toll

1998 • 1,735 citations

Cutting Edge: Heat Shock Protein 60 Is a Putative Endogenous Ligand of the Toll-Like Receptor-4 Complex

2000 • 1,632 citations

Toll-like Receptor 2 Functions as a Pattern Recognition Receptor for Diverse Bacterial Products

1999 • 939 citations

Human tumor necrosis factor. Production, purification, and characterization.

1985 • 922 citations

The Transforming Growth Factor-βs

1991 • 882 citations

Heparin protects basic and acidic FGF from inactivation

1986 • 856 citations

Endothelial cell-derived heparan sulfate binds basic fibroblast growth factor and protects it from proteolytic degradation.

1988 • 810 citations

The cytokine network

1989 • 785 citations

Tlr4: central component of the sole mammalian LPS sensor

2000 • 764 citations

A transcript from a Drosophila pattern gene predicts a protein homologous to the transforming growth factor-β family

1987 • 756 citations

A novel IL-1 receptor, cloned from B cells by mammalian expression, is expressed in many cell types.

1991 • 677 citations

Toll4 (TLR4) expression in cardiac myocytes in normal and failing myocardium

1999 • 639 citations

Toll signaling pathways in the innate immune response

2000 • 637 citations

Signal transduction pathways activated by the IL-1 receptor family: ancient signaling machinery in mammals, insects, and plants

1998 • 573 citations

Caenorhabditis elegans genes sma-2, sma-3, and sma-4 define a conserved family of transforming growth factor beta pathway components.

1996 • 528 citations

Control of C. elegans Larval Development by Neuronal Expression of a TGF-β Homolog

1996 • 516 citations

The apoptotic signaling pathway activated by Toll-like receptor-2

2000 • 487 citations

The interleukin-1 receptor/Toll-like receptor superfamily: signal generators for pro-inflammatory interleukins and microbial products

2000 • 484 citations

TLR6: A novel member of an expanding Toll-like receptor family

1999 • 437 citations

Constitutive Activation of Toll-Mediated Antifungal Defense in Serpin-Deficient Drosophila

1999 • 429 citations

Proteoglycans on endothelial cells present adhesion-inducing cytokines to leukocytes

1993 • 412 citations

The IL-1 receptor/toll-like receptor superfamily: crucial receptors for inflammation and host defense

2000 • 396 citations

Toll-related receptors and the control of antimicrobial peptide expression inDrosophila

2000 • 380 citations

The daf-4 gene encodes a bone morphogenetic protein receptor controlling C. elegans dauer larva development

1993 • 368 citations

Signaling inputs converge on nuclear effectors in TGF-β signaling

2000 • 359 citations

Differential binding of chemokines to glycosaminoglycan subpopulations

1994 • 351 citations

The spätzle gene encodes a component of the extracellular signaling pathway establishing the dorsal-ventral pattern of the Drosophila embryo

1994 • 321 citations

Characterization and relationship of dpp receptors encoded by the saxophone and thick veins genes in Drosophila

1994 • 317 citations

daf-1, a C. elegans gene controlling dauer larva development, encodes a novel receptor protein kinase

1990 • 293 citations

Human BMP sequences can confer normal dorsal-ventral patterning in the Drosophila embryo.

1993 • 283 citations

The 18-wheeler mutation reveals complex antibacterial gene regulation in Drosophila host defense

1997 • 277 citations

Receptor serine/threonine kinases implicated in the control of Drosophila body pattern by decapentaplegic

1994 • 275 citations

Defining the Interleukin-8-binding Domain of Heparan Sulfate

1998 • 259 citations

Identification of two bone morphogenetic protein type I receptors in Drosophila and evidence that Brk25D is a decapentaplegic receptor

1994 • 254 citations

The Interaction of the Transforming Growth Factor-βs with Heparin/Heparan Sulfate Is Isoform-specific

1997 • 247 citations

The drosophila schnurri gene acts in the Dpp/TGFβ signaling pathway and encodes a transcription factor homologous to the human MBP family

1995 • 212 citations

Bidirectional regulation of macrophage function by TGF-β

1999 • 208 citations

Animal evolution: the end of the intermediate taxa?

1999 • 193 citations

Mapping the Lectin-Like Activity of Tumor Necrosis Factor

1994 • 192 citations

Toll-like receptors: a growing family of immune receptors that are differentially expressed and regulated by different leukocytes

2000 • 181 citations

Complement diversity: a mechanism for generating immune diversity?

1998 • 180 citations

IDENTIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SIGIRR, A MOLECULE REPRESENTING A NOVEL SUBTYPE OF THE IL-1R SUPERFAMILY

1999 • 179 citations

Identification of a Glycosaminoglycan Binding Surface on Human Interleukin-8

1998 • 178 citations

Acute bacterial pneumonia in rats increases alveolar epithelial fluid clearance by a tumor necrosis factor-alpha-dependent mechanism.

1997 • 170 citations

Drosophila 60A gene, another transforming growth factor beta family member, is closely related to human bone morphogenetic proteins.

1991 • 159 citations

Insect immunity. Two 17 bp repeats nesting a kappa B-related sequence confer inducibility to the diptericin gene and bind a polypeptide in bacteria-challenged Drosophila.

1993 • 159 citations

Specific Uptake of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Is Involved in Growth Control of Trypanosoma brucei

1997 • 144 citations

Heparin and heparan sulfate bind interleukin-10 and modulate its activity

2000 • 136 citations

Amino acid sequence requirements in the epitope recognized by the alpha-tubulin-specific rat monoclonal antibody YL 1/2.

1984 • 133 citations

The Drosophila saxophone Gene: a Serine-Threonine Kinase Receptor of the TGF-β Superfamily

1994 • 131 citations

Selective and differential binding of interleukin (IL)‐1α, IL‐1β, IL‐2 and IL‐6 to glycosaminoglycans

1992 • 123 citations

The Heparan Sulfate Binding Sequence of Interferon-γ Increased the On Rate of the Interferon-γ-Interferon-γ Receptor Complex Formation

1998 • 115 citations

Identification of a Drosophila activin receptor.

1993 • 114 citations

IL-2, a lectin with specificity for high mannose glycopeptides.

1989 • 107 citations

Functional analysis of an ascidian homologue of vertebrate Bmp-2/Bmp-4 suggests its role in the inhibition of neural fate specification

1997 • 106 citations

Interaction of interleukin 7 (IL-7) with glycosaminoglycans and its biological relevance

1995 • 106 citations

The Prophenoloxidase Activating System and Associated Proteins in Invertebrates

1996 • 102 citations

Toll receptors: an expanding role in our understanding of human disease

2000 • 101 citations

Host resistance to infection: genetic control of lipopolysaccharide responsiveness by Toll-like receptor genes

1999 • 95 citations

Pro-Opiomelanocortin-Derived Peptides, Cytokines, and Nitric Oxide in Immune Responses and Stress: An Evolutionary Approach

1997 • 95 citations

Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans Mediate Interleukin-7– Dependent B Lymphopoiesis

1999 • 89 citations

Microglia in invertebrate ganglia.

1994 • 87 citations

Invertebrate Cytokines III: Invertebrate Interleukin-1-like Molecules Stimulate Phagocytosis by Tunicate and Echinoderm Cells

1993 • 84 citations

Primitive cytokines: harbingers of vertebrate defense

1991 • 83 citations

Identification of a cytolytic protein in the coelomic fluid of Eisenia foetida earthworms

1995 • 82 citations

Interleukin-5 binds to heparin/heparan sulfate. A model for an interaction with extracellular matrix

1998 • 81 citations

A Caenorhabditis elegans type I TGFβ receptor can function in the absence of type II kinase to promote larval development

2000 • 79 citations

Evolution

2000 • 79 citations

Independent evolution of Toll and related genes in insects and mammals

2000 • 79 citations

Protein phylogenies provide evidence of a radical discontinuity between arthropod and vertebrate immune systems

1998 • 70 citations

The Tribolium decapentaplegic gene is similar in sequence, structure, and expression to the Drosophila dpp gene

1996 • 69 citations

Modulation of cytokine function by heparan sulfate proteoglycans: sophisticated models for the regulation of cellular responses to cytokines.

1998 • 60 citations

Immunomodulation by recombinant human interleukin-8 and its signal transduction pathways in invertebrate hemocytes

2000 • 59 citations

Further characterization of the binding of human recombinant interleukin 2 to heparin and identification of putative binding sites

1998 • 58 citations

Homology Between Immune Responses in Vertebrates and Invertebrates: Does it Exist?

1997 • 56 citations

Opioid induction of immunoreactive interleukin-1 in Mytilus edulis and human immunocytes: an interleukin-1-like substance in invertebrate neural tissue

1991 • 56 citations

The Univin Gene Encodes a Member of the Transforming Growth Factor-β Superfamily with Restricted Expression in the Sea Urchin Embryo

1994 • 55 citations

Cellular expression of the cytolytic factor in earthworms Eisenia foetida

1998 • 49 citations

The lectin-like domain of tumor necrosis factor-α increases membrane conductance in microvascular endothelial cells and peritoneal macrophages

1999 • 48 citations

Glial localization of interleukin-1α in invertebrate ganglia

1992 • 44 citations

Invertebrate cytokines: The phylogenetic emergence of interleukin‐1

1989 • 44 citations

An ascidian homologue of vertebrate BMPs-5–8 is expressed in the midline of the anterior neuroectoderm and in the midline of the ventral epidermis of the embryo

1996 • 42 citations

BINDING OF INTERFERON γ BY GLYCOSAMINOGLYCANS: A STRATEGY FOR LOCALIZATION AND/OR INHIBITION OF ITS ACTIVITY

1999 • 42 citations

Isolation and characterization of earthworm hemolysins and agglutinins

1998 • 42 citations

PRESENCE OF IL-1- AND TNF-LIKE MOLECULES IN GALLERIA MELLONELLA(LEPIDOPTERA) HAEMOCYTES AND IN AN INSECT CELL LINE FROMESTIGMENE ACRAEA(LEPIDOPTERA)

1999 • 40 citations

Lectins: Models of Natural and Induced Molecules in Invertebrates

1996 • 38 citations

Toll homolog expression in the beetle Tribolium suggests a different mode of dorsoventral patterning than in Drosophila embryos

1999 • 37 citations

Heparin inhibits the antiparasitic and immune modulatory effects of human recombinant interferon‐γ

1995 • 36 citations

Induction of ACTH- and TNF-α-like molecules in the hemocytes of Calliphora vomitoria (Insecta, Diptera)

1996 • 36 citations

Macrokines invertebrate cytokine-like molecules

1998 • 35 citations

The evolution of blood cells: facts and enigmas

1989 • 32 citations

Primitive Cytokines and Cytokine Receptors in Invertebrates: the Sea Star Asterias rubens as a Model of Study

1996 • 31 citations

Immunological and biological identification of tumour necrosis-like factor in sponges: Endotoxin that mediates necrosis formation in xenografts

1992 • 28 citations

Immunoreactive cytokines in Mytilus edulis nervous and immune interactions.

1992 • 26 citations

Chemotactic Responses of Tunicate (Urochordata, Ascidiacea) Hemocytesin Vitro

1998 • 24 citations

Membrane interaction of TNF is not sufficient to trigger increase in membrane conductance in mammalian cells

1999 • 24 citations

Interleukin-2 and phytohaemagglutinin stimulate proliferation of tunicate cells

1991 • 23 citations

Identification of two Drosophila TGF-? family members in the grasshopper Schistocerca americana

1995 • 22 citations

Differential binding of lectins IL-2 and CSL to candida albicans and cancer cells

1998 • 21 citations

NEUTRAL ENDOPEPTIDASE‐24.11 (NEP) DEACTIVATES PDGF‐ AND TGF‐β‐INDUCED CELL SHAPE CHANGES IN INVERTEBRATE IMMUNOCYTES

2000 • 16 citations

Tumor necrosis: factors and principles

1996 • 14 citations

Characterization of an IL-1 Receptor from Asterias forbesi Coelomocytes

2000 • 14 citations

Matrix Receptors to Cytokines: From Concept to Control of Tissue Fibrosis Dynamics

1994 • 11 citations

Lectin activities of cytokines and growth factors: function and implications for pathology.

1996 • 10 citations

Specific binding of human interferon-γ to particulates from hemolymph and protocerebrum of tobacco hornworm (Manduca sexta) larvae

1999 • 9 citations

Extracellular regulators and pattern formation in the developing Drosophila retina.

1996 • 8 citations

Evidence for Invertebrate Inflammatory Cytokines

1996 • 5 citations

Cytokines : multifunctional pathogen-specific mammalian Lectins

1994 • 5 citations