The molecular pathogenesis of endotoxic shock and organ failure

Definitions for Sepsis and Organ Failure and Guidelines for the Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis

1992 • 12,726 citations

Nitric oxide, superoxide, and peroxynitrite: the good, the bad, and ugly

1996 • 5,498 citations

American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference

1992 • 4,689 citations

Antioxidant and redox regulation of gene transcription

1996 • 1,999 citations

Altered responses to bacterial infection and endotoxic shock in mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase

1995 • 1,454 citations

Nitric oxide activates cyclooxygenase enzymes.

1993 • 1,416 citations

Toll-like receptor-2 mediates lipopolysaccharide-induced cellular signalling

1998 • 1,218 citations

Treatment of Septic Shock with the Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor:Fc Fusion Protein

1996 • 1,217 citations

IκB Kinase-β: NF-κB Activation and Complex Formation with IκB Kinase-α and NIK

1997 • 1,198 citations

INTERLEUKIN-1 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST: Role in Biology

1998 • 1,048 citations

Molecular cloning of a human monocyte-derived neutrophil chemotactic factor (MDNCF) and the induction of MDNCF mRNA by interleukin 1 and tumor necrosis factor.

1988 • 1,039 citations

Inducible nitric oxide synthase: what difference does it make?

1997 • 964 citations

Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of severe sepsis and septic shock in adults. A multicenter prospective study in intensive care units. French ICU Group for Severe Sepsis

1995 • 886 citations

Stabilization of the bioactivity of tumor necrosis factor by its soluble receptors.

1992 • 832 citations

Confirmatory interleukin-1 receptor antagonist trial in severe sepsis

1997 • 822 citations

Interleukin 10 reduces the release of tumor necrosis factor and prevents lethality in experimental endotoxemia.

1993 • 821 citations

Endotoxin signal transduction in macrophages

1996 • 803 citations

The Effects of Ibuprofen on the Physiology and Survival of Patients with Sepsis

1997 • 797 citations

Incidence, Risk Factors, and Outcome of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock in Adults

1995 • 699 citations

Double-blind randomised controlled trial of monoclonal antibody to human tumour necrosis factor in treatment of septic shock. NORASEPT II Study Group.

1998 • 618 citations

Mice lacking inducible nitric oxide synthase are not resistant to lipopolysaccharide-induced death.

1995 • 585 citations

Interleukin-10 is a central regulator of the response to LPS in murine models of endotoxic shock and the Shwartzman reaction but not endotoxin tolerance.

1995 • 537 citations

INTERSEPT

1996 • 492 citations

Leukocytosis and resistance to septic shock in intercellular adhesion molecule 1-deficient mice.

1994 • 492 citations

LPS-binding proteins and receptors

1998 • 480 citations

Essential Role of Induced Nitric Oxide in the Initiation of the Inflammatory Response after Hemorrhagic Shock

1998 • 476 citations

Double-blind randomised controlled trial of monoclonal antibody to human tumour necrosis factor in treatment of septic shock

1998 • 458 citations

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced Macrophage Activation and Signal Transduction in the Absence of Src-Family Kinases Hck, Fgr, and Lyn

1997 • 439 citations

Beneficial effects and improved survival in rodent models of septic shock with S-methylisothiourea sulfate, a potent and selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase.

1994 • 409 citations

Inhibition of endotoxin-induced activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis by pentoxifylline or by a monoclonal anti-tissue factor antibody in chimpanzees.

1994 • 405 citations

p55 Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Fusion Protein in the Treatment of Patients With Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock

1997 • 376 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein is required to combat a murine Gram-negative bacterial infection

1997 • 354 citations

A second large controlled clinical study of E5, a monoclonal antibody to endotoxin

1995 • 348 citations

Antithrombin III in patients with severe sepsis

1998 • 335 citations

Alterations in nitric oxide production in various forms of circulatory shock.

1995 • 321 citations

The cytokine‐mediated imbalance between coagulant and anticoagulant mechanisms in sepsis and endotoxaemia

1997 • 306 citations

CD11c/CD18, a transmembrane signaling receptor for lipopolysaccharide.

1995 • 303 citations

Role of Cytokines in Sepsis

1997 • 293 citations

Neutralization of IL-10 increases lethality in endotoxemia. Cooperative effects of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 and tumor necrosis factor.

1995 • 284 citations

Interleukin-6 Stimulates Coagulation, not Fibrinolysis, in Humans

1996 • 276 citations

MCP-1 protects mice in lethal endotoxemia.

1997 • 262 citations

N omega-amino-L-arginine, an inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase, raises vascular resistance but increases mortality rates in awake canines challenged with endotoxin.

1992 • 252 citations

Macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha mediates lung leukocyte recruitment, lung capillary leak, and early mortality in murine endotoxemia.

1995 • 248 citations

Protein tyrosine kinase activation is required for lipopolysaccharide induction of cytokines in human blood monocytes.

1993 • 238 citations

Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BN 52021 in the treatment of severe sepsis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial

1994 • 238 citations

Potential Mechanisms for a Proinflammatory Vascular Cytokine Response to Coagulation Activation

1998 • 213 citations

Platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist BN 52021 in the treatment of severe sepsis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial

1994 • 204 citations

Predicting Bacteremia in Patients with Sepsis Syndrome

1997 • 201 citations

Lipopolysaccharide-induced protein tyrosine phosphorylation in human macrophages is mediated by CD14.

1993 • 177 citations

Treatment of Severe Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome and Sepsis With a Novel Bradykinin Antagonist, Deltibant (CP-0127)<subtitle>Results of a Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial</subtitle>

1997 • 171 citations

Regulation of the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 by nitric oxide in rat peritoneal macrophages.

1997 • 165 citations

Liposomal prostaglandin E1 (TLC C-53) in acute respiratory distress syndrome

1999 • 148 citations

Pivotal role of TARC, a CC chemokine, in bacteria-induced fulminant hepatic failure in mice.

1998 • 145 citations

Interleukin‐4 and ‐10 exacerbate candidiasis in mice

1995 • 139 citations

Treatment of severe systemic inflammatory response syndrome and sepsis with a novel bradykinin antagonist, deltibant (CP-0127). Results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. CP-0127 SIRS and Sepsis Study Group

1997 • 138 citations

CD14-Dependent Internalization of Bacterial Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Is Strongly Influenced by LPS Aggregation But Not by Cellular Responses to LPS

1998 • 136 citations

Delayed Treatment with Recombinant Human Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Improves Survival in Rabbits with Gram‐Negative Peritonitis

1998 • 91 citations

Liposomal prostaglandin E sub 1 in acute respiratory distress syndrome

1996 • 91 citations

Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor and von Willebrand Factor Antigen Levels in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome and in a Primate Model of Sepsis

1995 • 90 citations

Prevention of endotoxin shock by an antibody against leukocyte integrin β₂through inhibiting production and action of TNF

1995 • 39 citations

Anti-interleukin-8 monoclonal antibody reduces free radical production and improves hemodynamics and survival rate in endotoxic shock in rabbits

1997 • 34 citations

HEMOSTATIC PARAMETERS IN SEPSIS PATIENTS TREATED WITH ANTI-TNF±-MONOCLONAL ANTIBODIES

1996 • 22 citations