Thyroid carcinoma: molecular pathways and therapeutic targets

BAY 43-9006 Exhibits Broad Spectrum Oral Antitumor Activity and Targets the RAF/MEK/ERK Pathway and Receptor Tyrosine Kinases Involved in Tumor Progression and Angiogenesis

2004 • 3,873 citations

Mechanism of Activation of the RAF-ERK Signaling Pathway by Oncogenic Mutations of B-RAF

2004 • 2,674 citations

A National Cancer Data Base report on 53,856 cases of thyroid carcinoma treated in the U.S., 1985-1995

1998 • 1,830 citations

High prevalence of BRAF mutations in thyroid cancer: genetic evidence for constitutive activation of the RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF signaling pathway in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

2003 • 1,490 citations

BRAF mutation predicts sensitivity to MEK inhibition

2005 • 1,312 citations

BRAF mutation in thyroid cancer

2005 • 1,260 citations

BRAF Mutations in Thyroid Tumors Are Restricted to Papillary Carcinomas and Anaplastic or Poorly Differentiated Carcinomas Arising from Papillary Carcinomas

2003 • 1,042 citations

BRAF Mutation Predicts a Poorer Clinical Prognosis for Papillary Thyroid Cancer

2005 • 956 citations

PTC is a novel rearranged form of the ret proto-oncogene and is frequently detected in vivo in human thyroid papillary carcinomas

1990 • 949 citations

BRAF Mutation in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2003 • 915 citations

Pathogenetic mechanisms in thyroid follicular-cell neoplasia

2006 • 868 citations

PAX8-PPAR γ 1 Fusion in Oncogene Human Thyroid Carcinoma

2000 • 780 citations

RASPoint Mutations and PAX8-PPARγ Rearrangement in Thyroid Tumors: Evidence for Distinct Molecular Pathways in Thyroid Follicular Carcinoma

2003 • 697 citations

Distinct pattern of ret oncogene rearrangements in morphological variants of radiation-induced and sporadic thyroid papillary carcinomas in children.

1997 • 638 citations

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations, Small-Molecule Kinase Inhibitors, and Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Current Knowledge and Future Directions

2005 • 636 citations

ZD6474, an orally available inhibitor of KDR tyrosine kinase activity, efficiently blocks oncogenic RET kinases.

2002 • 554 citations

Clinical Implication of Hot SpotBRAFMutation, V599E, in Papillary Thyroid Cancers

2003 • 539 citations

Correlation Between Genetic Alterations and Microscopic Features, Clinical Manifestations, and Prognostic Characteristics of Thyroid Papillary Carcinomas

2006 • 490 citations

BAY 43-9006 Inhibition of Oncogenic RET Mutants

2006 • 466 citations

RET/PTC Rearrangement in Thyroid Tumors

2002 • 464 citations

Oncogenic AKAP9-BRAF fusion is a novel mechanism of MAPK pathway activation in thyroid cancer

2005 • 424 citations

High frequency of ras oncogene activation in all stages of human thyroid tumorigenesis.

1989 • 414 citations

A new oncogene in human thyroid papillary carcinomas and their lymph-nodal metastases

1987 • 413 citations

Molecular Profile and Clinical-Pathologic Features of the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: An Unusually High Prevalence of ras Mutations

2003 • 373 citations

BRAF mutations are associated with some histological types of papillary thyroid carcinoma

2004 • 366 citations

ras Mutations Are Associated With Aggressive Tumor Phenotypes and Poor Prognosis in Thyroid Cancer

2003 • 365 citations

Molecular characterization of RET/PTC3; a novel rearranged version of the RETproto-oncogene in a human thyroid papillary carcinoma.

1994 • 364 citations

Point Mutations of Ras Oncogenes are an Early Event in Thyroid Tumorigenesis

1990 • 361 citations

The oncogene BRAFV600E is associated with a high risk of recurrence and less differentiated papillary thyroid carcinoma due to the impairment of Na+/I− targeting to the membrane

2006 • 361 citations

PAX8-PPARγ Rearrangement in Thyroid Tumors

2002 • 353 citations

Molecular Profile and Clinical-Pathologic Features of the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2003 • 338 citations

The RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells

2016 • 304 citations

Targeted expression of the ret/PTC1 oncogene induces papillary thyroid carcinomas.

1996 • 292 citations

An Orally Administered Multitarget Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, SU11248, Is a Novel Potent Inhibitor of Thyroid Oncogenic RET/Papillary Thyroid Cancer Kinases

2006 • 284 citations

Genotype‐phenotype correlation in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2: report of the International RET Mutation Consortium

1995 • 272 citations

Presence of mutations in all three ras genes in human thyroid tumors.

1990 • 250 citations

The RET/PTC3 oncogene: metastatic solid-type papillary carcinomas in murine thyroids.

1998 • 250 citations

The BRAF mutation is useful for prediction of clinical recurrence in low‐risk patients with conventional papillary thyroid carcinoma

2006 • 243 citations

Disease associated mutations at valine 804 in the RET receptor tyrosine kinase confer resistance to selective kinase inhibitors

2004 • 239 citations

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 and RET: from neoplasia to neurogenesis

2000 • 236 citations

Development of thyroid papillary carcinomas secondary to tissue-specific expression of the RET/PTC1 oncogene in transgenic mice.

1996 • 232 citations

The RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells

2005 • 230 citations

RET Oncogene Activation in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

2001 • 225 citations

Conditional BRAFV600E Expression Induces DNA Synthesis, Apoptosis, Dedifferentiation, and Chromosomal Instability in Thyroid PCCL3 Cells

2005 • 224 citations

Involvement of the PAX8/Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Rearrangement in Follicular Thyroid Tumors

2003 • 217 citations

Prevalence ofRET/PTCRearrangements in Thyroid Papillary Carcinomas: Effects of the Detection Methods and Genetic Heterogeneity

2006 • 205 citations

The RAS oncogene induces genomic instability in thyroid PCCL3 cells via the MAPK pathway

2000 • 187 citations

Genetic and Biological Subgroups of Low-Stage Follicular Thyroid Cancer

2003 • 177 citations

BRAF mutations in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: implications for tumor origin, diagnosis and treatment

2004 • 176 citations

RET/PTC-induced dedifferentiation of thyroid cells is mediated through Y1062 signaling through SHC-RAS-MAP kinase

2003 • 174 citations

BRAF Is a Therapeutic Target in Aggressive Thyroid Carcinoma

2006 • 171 citations

Heterogeneous mutation of the RET proto-oncogene in subpopulations of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

1996 • 162 citations

N-ras Mutation in Poorly Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas: Correlation with Bone Metastases and Inverse Correlation to Thyroglobulin Expression

2000 • 161 citations

RET and NTRK1 proto‐oncogenes in human diseases

2003 • 150 citations

Vandetanib (ZD6474): an orally available receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively targets pathways critical for tumor growth and angiogenesis

2007 • 144 citations

New therapeutic approaches for metastatic thyroid carcinoma

2007 • 143 citations

Inhibitors of Raf Kinase Activity Block Growth of Thyroid Cancer Cells with RET/PTC or BRAF Mutations In vitro and In vivo

2006 • 142 citations

The kinase inhibitor PP1 blocks tumorigenesis induced by RET oncogenes.

2002 • 133 citations

Delineation, Functional Validation, and Bioinformatic Evaluation of Gene Expression in Thyroid Follicular Carcinomas with the PAX8-PPARG Translocation

2006 • 130 citations

The TRK and RET tyrosine kinase oncogenes cooperate with ras in the neoplastic transformation of a rat thyroid epithelial cell line.

1993 • 128 citations

Heterogeneity in the Distribution ofRET/PTCRearrangements within Individual Post-Chernobyl Papillary Thyroid Carcinomas

2004 • 125 citations

Minireview: Branded from the Start—Distinct Oncogenic Initiating Events May Determine Tumor Fate in the Thyroid

2002 • 124 citations

N-ras mutation: an independent prognostic factor for aggressiveness of papillary thyroid carcinoma.

1994 • 116 citations

Alterations of the <I>BRAF</I> Gene in Thyroid Tumors

2005 • 113 citations

Efficient Inhibition of RET/Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Oncogenic Kinases by 4-Amino-5-(4-Chloro-Phenyl)-7-(t-Butyl)Pyrazolo[3,4-d]Pyrimidine (PP2)

2003 • 113 citations

Role of ras mutation in the progression of thyroid carcinoma of follicular epithelial origin

2000 • 109 citations

The PAX8/PPARγ fusion oncoprotein transforms immortalized human thyrocytes through a mechanism probably involving wild-type PPARγ inhibition

2004 • 103 citations

Prevalence of Activating ras Mutations in Morphologically Characterized Thyroid Nodules

1996 • 101 citations

The RET/PTC-RAS-BRAF linear signaling cascade mediates the motile and mitogenic phenotype of thyroid cancer cells

2005 • 100 citations

Targeting BRAF in thyroid cancer

2006 • 98 citations

Drug Insight: small-molecule inhibitors of protein kinases in the treatment of thyroid cancer

2006 • 80 citations

Genotyping of an Italian papillary thyroid carcinoma cohort revealed high prevalence of BRAF mutations, absence of RAS mutations and allowed the detection of a new mutation of BRAF oncoprotein (BRAF^V599Ins)

2005 • 79 citations

Minireview: Branded from the Start--Distinct Oncogenic Initiating Events May Determine Tumor Fate in the Thyroid

2002 • 51 citations

Genetics of papillary thyroid cancer initiation: implications for therapy.

2005 • 50 citations

Molecular biology of the MEN2 gene

1998 • 42 citations

The Paired Box-8/Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-γ Oncogene in Thyroid Tumorigenesis

2006 • 38 citations