Neurodevelopmental and Neurophysiological Actions of Thyroid Hormone

Biochemistry, Cellular and Molecular Biology, and Physiological Roles of the Iodothyronine Selenodeiodinases

2002 • 1,665 citations

The c-erb-A gene encodes a thyroid hormone receptor

1986 • 1,505 citations

The c-erb-A protein is a high-affinity receptor for thyroid hormone

1986 • 1,340 citations

The Regulation of Thyroid Function in Pregnancy: Pathways of Endocrine Adaptation from Physiology to Pathology

1997 • 1,189 citations

Role of thyroid hormone during early brain development

2004 • 804 citations

Maternal-Fetal Transfer of Thyroxine in Congenital Hypothyroidism Due to a Total Organification Defect or Thyroid Agenesis

1989 • 783 citations

Deiodinases: implications of the local control of thyroid hormone action

2006 • 781 citations

Identification of Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 as a Specific Thyroid Hormone Transporter

2003 • 675 citations

Association between mutations in a thyroid hormone transporter and severe X-linked psychomotor retardation

2004 • 663 citations

A Novel Syndrome Combining Thyroid and Neurological Abnormalities Is Associated with Mutations in a Monocarboxylate Transporter Gene

2004 • 663 citations

The role of thyroid hormones in prenatal and neonatal neurological development--current perspectives

1993 • 661 citations

Thyroid hormone receptors in brain development and function

2007 • 616 citations

Timing and Magnitude of Increases in Levothyroxine Requirements during Pregnancy in Women with Hypothyroidism

2004 • 600 citations

Timing of Thyroid Hormone Action in the Developing Brain: Clinical Observations and Experimental Findings

2004 • 572 citations

Is Neuropsychological Development Related to Maternal Hypothyroidism or to Maternal Hypothyroxinemia?¹

2000 • 553 citations

Maternal thyroid hormones early in pregnancy and fetal brain development

2004 • 539 citations

Spatial and temporal expression of alpha- and beta-thyroid hormone receptor mRNAs, including the beta 2-subtype, in the developing mammalian nervous system

1992 • 536 citations

A thyroid hormone receptor that is required for the development of green cone photoreceptors

2001 • 530 citations

Identification of a tHyroid Hormone Receptor That Is Pituitary-Specific

1989 • 493 citations

A Moderate and Transient Deficiency of Maternal Thyroid Function at the Beginning of Fetal Neocorticogenesis Alters Neuronal Migration

2004 • 443 citations

Mice devoid of all known thyroid hormone receptors are viable but exhibit disorders of the pituitary-thyroid axis, growth, and bone maturation

1999 • 442 citations

Recessive resistance to thyroid hormone in mice lacking thyroid hormone receptor beta: evidence for tissue-specific modulation of receptor function.

1996 • 432 citations

Is Neuropsychological Development Related to Maternal Hypothyroidism or to Maternal Hypothyroxinemia?

2000 • 420 citations

Different functions for the thyroid hormone receptors TRalpha and TRbeta in the control of thyroid hormone production and post-natal development

1999 • 411 citations

Early maternal hypothyroxinemia alters histogenesis and cerebral cortex cytoarchitecture of the progeny

2003 • 388 citations

Early maternal hypothyroxinemia alters histogenesis and cerebral cortex cytoarchitecture of the progeny

2003 • 384 citations

Maturation of the Secretion of Thyroid Hormone and Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone in the Fetus

1991 • 379 citations

Mechanisms of thyroid hormone receptor-specific nuclear and extra nuclear actions

2003 • 375 citations

Thyroid hormone receptor β is essential for development of auditory function

1996 • 363 citations

Targeted Disruption of the Type 2 Selenodeiodinase Gene (DIO2) Results in a Phenotype of Pituitary Resistance to T₄

2001 • 357 citations

Mechanisms of nongenomic actions of thyroid hormone

2007 • 355 citations

The type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is expressed primarily in glial cells in the neonatal rat brain

1997 • 352 citations

Allan-Herndon-Dudley Syndrome and the Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 (MCT8) Gene

2005 • 345 citations

Abnormal thyroid hormone metabolism in mice lacking the monocarboxylate transporter 8

2007 • 338 citations

Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase is the major source of plasma T3 in euthyroid humans

2005 • 337 citations

Iodothyronine Levels in the Human Developing Brain: Major Regulatory Roles of Iodothyronine Deiodinases in Different Areas

2004 • 317 citations

Congenital hypothyroidism, as studied in rats. Crucial role of maternal thyroxine but not of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine in the protection of the fetal brain.

1990 • 317 citations

Type 3 deiodinase is critical for the maturation and function of the thyroid axis

2006 • 315 citations

Fetal Tissues Are Exposed to Biologically Relevant Free Thyroxine Concentrations during Early Phases of Development

2002 • 311 citations

Contrasting developmental and tissue-specific expression of alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptor genes.

1990 • 308 citations

Tissue-Specific Thyroid Hormone Deprivation and Excess in Monocarboxylate Transporter (Mct) 8-Deficient Mice

2006 • 305 citations

Relationship of c-erbA mRNA content to tissue triiodothyronine nuclear binding capacity and function in developing and adult rats.

1990 • 298 citations

Mechanism of Thyroid Hormone Action

2002 • 292 citations

Regional Distribution of Type 2 Thyroxine Deiodinase Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in Rat Hypothalamus and Pituitary and Its Regulation by Thyroid Hormone*

1997 • 288 citations

Perspectives in the Study of Thyroid Hormone Action on Brain Development and Function

2003 • 284 citations

Syndromes of reduced sensitivity to thyroid hormone: genetic defects in hormone receptors, cell transporters and deiodination

2007 • 280 citations

Fetal Loss Associated With Excess Thyroid Hormone Exposure

2004 • 278 citations

Cloning and Characterization of Two Novel Thyroid Hormone Receptor β Isoforms

2000 • 276 citations

Functional Characterization of Rat Brain-specific Organic Anion Transporter (Oatp14) at the Blood-Brain Barrier

2003 • 276 citations

Mice with a targeted mutation in the thyroid hormone β receptor gene exhibit impaired growth and resistance to thyroid hormone

2000 • 269 citations

The Monocarboxylate Transporter 8 Linked to Human Psychomotor Retardation Is Highly Expressed in Thyroid Hormone-Sensitive Neuron Populations

2005 • 260 citations

Resistance to thyroid hormone.

2000 • 257 citations

Genetic Analysis Reveals Different Functions for the Products of the Thyroid Hormone Receptor α Locus

2001 • 256 citations

Expression Profiles of the Three Iodothyronine Deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, in the Developing Rat¹

1999 • 233 citations

Detection of thyroid hormones in human embryonic cavities during the first trimester of pregnancy.

1993 • 232 citations

An unliganded thyroid hormone receptor causes severe neurological dysfunction

2001 • 227 citations

Hearing loss and retarded cochlear development in mice lacking type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase

2004 • 223 citations

Deletion of the thyroid hormone receptor α1 prevents the structural alterations of the cerebellum induced by hypothyroidism

2002 • 217 citations

Anxiety, memory impairment, and locomotor dysfunction caused by a mutant thyroid hormone receptor α1 can be ameliorated by T3 treatment

2005 • 211 citations

Alpha and beta thyroid hormone receptor (TR) gene expression during auditory neurogenesis: evidence for TR isoform-specific transcriptional regulation in vivo.

1994 • 207 citations

Divergent roles for thyroid hormone receptor β isoforms in the endocrine axis and auditory system

1999 • 199 citations

Independent Expression of the α and β c-erbA Genes in Developing Rat Brain

1991 • 195 citations

Selective thyroid receptor modulation by GC-1 reduces serum lipids and stimulates steps of reverse cholesterol transport in euthyroid mice

2005 • 194 citations

Critical role for thyroid hormone receptor β2 in the regulation of paraventricular thyrotropin-releasing hormone neurons

2001 • 191 citations

Regional Expression of the Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Rat Central Nervous System and Its Regulation by Thyroid Hormone*

1999 • 185 citations

The thyroid hormone mimetic compound KB2115 lowers plasma LDL cholesterol and stimulates bile acid synthesis without cardiac effects in humans

2007 • 183 citations

Quantitation of rat tissue thyroid hormone binding receptor isoforms by immunoprecipitation of nuclear triiodothyronine binding capacity.

1992 • 177 citations

Expression of Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase in Hypothyroid Rat Brain Indicates an Important Role of Thyroid Hormone in the Development of Specific Primary Sensory Systems

1999 • 175 citations

Thyroid Hormone Transporters in Health and Disease

2005 • 174 citations

Retardation of post-natal development caused by a negatively acting thyroid hormone receptor α1

2002 • 173 citations

Congenital Hypothyroid Pax8−/− Mutant Mice Can Be Rescued by Inactivating the TRα Gene

2002 • 171 citations

Thyroid Hormone Homeostasis and Action in the Type 2 Deiodinase-Deficient Rodent Brain during Development

2007 • 168 citations

Identification of Transcripts Initiated from an Internal Promoter in the c-erbAα Locus That Encode Inhibitors of Retinoic Acid Receptor-α and Triiodothyronine Receptor Activities

1997 • 167 citations

Thyroid Hormone Excess Rather Than Thyrotropin Deficiency Induces Osteoporosis in Hyperthyroidism

2007 • 163 citations

Thyroid Hormones Inhibit Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase in the Rat Cerebral Cortex by Both Pre- and Posttranslational Mechanisms*

1997 • 161 citations

Thyroid Hormone Transporters

2005 • 158 citations

Asymmetric Growth and Development of the Xenopus laevis Retina during Metamorphosis Is Controlled by Type III Deiodinase

1999 • 157 citations

Involvement of Multispecific Organic Anion Transporter, Oatp14 (Slc21a14), in the Transport of Thyroxine across the Blood-Brain Barrier

2004 • 154 citations

Thyroid hormone receptors in chick retinal development: differential expression of mRNAs for α and N-terminal variant β receptors

1992 • 151 citations

Distinct functions for thyroid hormone receptors alpha and beta in brain development indicated by differential expression of receptor genes.

1991 • 149 citations

Normal timing of oligodendrocyte development depends on thyroid hormone receptor alpha 1 (TRalpha1)

2002 • 146 citations

Type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase expression in the cochlea before the onset of hearing

2000 • 146 citations

Neuroanatomical Pathways for Thyroid Hormone Feedback in the Human Hypothalamus

2005 • 141 citations

Retardation of Cochlear Maturation and Impaired Hair Cell Function Caused by Deletion of All Known Thyroid Hormone Receptors

2001 • 135 citations

The MCT8 thyroid hormone transporter and Allan–Herndon–Dudley syndrome

2007 • 131 citations

Ontogenesis of Thyroid Function and Interactions with Maternal Function

2007 • 129 citations

Dual functions of thyroid hormone receptors during Xenopus development

2000 • 125 citations

Role of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Timing Oligodendrocyte Differentiation

2001 • 112 citations

Transient maternal hypothyroxinemia at onset of corticogenesis alters tangential migration of medial ganglionic eminence‐derived neurons

2005 • 108 citations

Hypothalamic thyroid hormone feedback in health and disease

2006 • 108 citations

Lack of thyroid hormone receptor α1 is associated with selective alterations in behavior and hippocampal circuits

2003 • 108 citations

Locomotor Deficiencies and Aberrant Development of Subtype-Specific GABAergic Interneurons Caused by an Unliganded Thyroid Hormone Receptor α1

2008 • 108 citations

Thyroid hormone receptor α is a molecular switch of cardiac function between fetal and postnatal life

2004 • 108 citations

Timing of metamorphosis and the onset of the negative feedback loop between the thyroid gland and the pituitary is controlled by type II iodothyronine deiodinase in Xenopus laevis

2001 • 106 citations

Identification of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in thyrotropin-releasing hormone neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus.

1994 • 105 citations

Regulation of Iodothyronine Deiodinases in the Pax8−/− Mouse Model of Congenital Hypothyroidism

2003 • 104 citations

Mechanisms of Disease: psychomotor retardation and high T3 levels caused by mutations in monocarboxylate transporter 8

2006 • 103 citations

Expression of thyroid hormone receptor beta 2 in rat hypothalamus.

1992 • 103 citations

Thyroid Function in the Preterm Infant

1999 • 102 citations

Ultra Short-Loop Feedback Control of Thyrotropin Secretion

2004 • 100 citations

Detection of thyroid hormones in human embryonic cavities during the first trimester of pregnancy

1993 • 100 citations

X-Linked MCT8 Gene Mutations: Characterization of the Pediatric Neurologic Phenotype

2005 • 93 citations

Novel insight from transgenic mice into thyroid hormone resistance and the regulation of thyrotropin

1999 • 92 citations

Thyroid Hormones Signaling Is Getting More Complex: STORMs Are Coming

2006 • 91 citations

Hypothyroidism and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis in the pregnant state: maternal aspects

2004 • 88 citations

Type 3 Deiodinase Deficiency Results in Functional Abnormalities at Multiple Levels of the Thyroid Axis

2007 • 88 citations

Hormone synthesis and storage in the thyroid of human preterm and term newborns: Effect of thyroxine treatment

1999 • 84 citations

Transient expression of thyroid hormone nuclear receptor TRβ2 sets S opsin patterning during cone photoreceptor genesis

2007 • 83 citations

Thyroid hormone transport by monocarboxylate transporters

2007 • 83 citations

Expression Profiles of the Three Iodothyronine Deiodinases, D1, D2, and D3, in the Developing Rat

1999 • 80 citations

The two thyroid hormone receptor genes have opposite effects on estrogen-stimulated sex behaviors

2000 • 77 citations

Anatomical Distribution of Phenolic and Tyrosyl Ring Iodothyronine Deiodinases in the Nervous System of Normal and Hypothyroid Rats*

1981 • 74 citations

Isolation and Characterization of Mouse Complementary DNAs Encoding α and β Thyroid Hormone Receptors from Thyrotrope Cells: The Mouse Pituitary-Specific β2 Isoform Differs at the Amino Terminus from the Corresponding Species fromRat Pituitary Tumor Cells

1991 • 73 citations

Differential expression of iodothyronine deiodinases in chicken tissues during the last week of embryonic development

2002 • 69 citations

Uptake and Metabolism of Thyroid Hormones by the Rat Foetus in Early Pregnancy

1984 • 67 citations

Regional Expression of the Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase Messenger Ribonucleic Acid in the Rat Central Nervous System and Its Regulation by Thyroid Hormone

1999 • 67 citations

Novel neuroanatomical pathways for thyroid hormone action in the human anterior pituitary

2006 • 65 citations

Aberrant Maturation of Astrocytes in Thyroid Hormone Receptor α1 Knockout Mice Reveals an Interplay between Thyroid Hormone Receptor Isoforms

2003 • 65 citations

The development of auditory callosal connections in normal and hypothyroid rats

1997 • 61 citations

The importance of thyroid hormone transporters for brain development and function

2007 • 60 citations

Both Thyroid Hormone Receptor (TR)β1 and TRβ2 Isoforms Contribute to the Regulation of Hypothalamic Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone

2004 • 56 citations

Hormone and DNA binding activity of a purified human thyroid hormone nuclear receptor expressed in Escherichia coli.

1990 • 56 citations

Thyroid Hormones Inhibit Type 2 Iodothyronine Deiodinase in the Rat Cerebral Cortex by Both Pre- and Posttranslational Mechanisms

1997 • 56 citations

Do unliganded thyroid hormone receptors have physiological functions?

2003 • 53 citations

Transgenic Mice Bearing a Human Mutant Thyroid Hormone βl Receptor Manifest Thyroid Function Anomalies, Weight Reduction, and Hyperactivity

1997 • 53 citations

Determinants of Iodothyronine Deiodinase Activities in Rodent Uterus

2003 • 51 citations

Expression of thyroid hormone receptor beta 2 in rat hypothalamus

1992 • 51 citations

Characterization of skeletal phenotypes of TRα1^PV and TRβ^PV mutant mice: implications for tissue thyroid status and T3 target gene expression

2006 • 51 citations

Dominant Inhibition of Thyroid Hormone Action Selectively in the Pituitary of Thyroid Hormone Receptor-β Null Mice Abolishes the Regulation of Thyrotropin by Thyroid Hormone

2003 • 47 citations

Identification of Transcripts Initiated from an Internal Promoter in the c-erbA Locus That Encode Inhibitors of Retinoic Acid Receptor- and Triiodothyronine Receptor Activities

1997 • 46 citations

Identification of thyroid hormone receptor isoforms in thyrotropin- releasing hormone neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus

1994 • 42 citations

Congenital Hypothyroid Pax8-/- Mutant Mice Can Be Rescued by Inactivating the TR Gene

2002 • 39 citations

The Rat Thyroid Hormone Receptor (TR) Δβ3 Displays Cell-, TR Isoform-, and Thyroid Hormone Response Element-Specific Actions

2007 • 39 citations

Functional Thyrotropin Receptor Expression in the Pituitary Folliculo-Stellate Cell Line TtT/GF

2005 • 32 citations

Cell formation in the motor nucleus and mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve of rats made hypothyroid by propylthiouracil

1985 • 29 citations

Audiogenic seizure susceptibility in thyroid hormone receptor β-deficient mice

2001 • 28 citations

Transcriptional repression of TRH promoter function by T3: analysis by in vivo gene transfer

2000 • 11 citations