Cortical maldevelopment, anti-psychotic drugs, and schizophrenia: a search for common ground

Implications of Normal Brain Development for the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia

1987 • 3,683 citations

A PROPOSED MECHANISM OF EMOTION

1937 • 3,511 citations

The Medial Temporal Lobe Memory System

1991 • 3,239 citations

Specification of Cerebral Cortical Areas

1988 • 3,021 citations

Large‐scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing for attention, language, and memory

1990 • 2,670 citations

Stimulus-Transcription Coupling in the Nervous System: Involvement of the Inducible Proto-Oncogenes fos and jun

1991 • 2,666 citations

Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel dopamine receptor (D3) as a target for neuroleptics

1990 • 2,630 citations

The regulation and function of c-fos and other immediate early genes in the nervous system

1990 • 2,392 citations

Cloning of the gene for a human dopamine D4 receptor with high affinity for the antipsychotic clozapine

1991 • 2,008 citations

Dopamine in schizophrenia: a review and reconceptualization

1991 • 1,963 citations

Expression of c- fos Protein in Brain: Metabolic Mapping at the Cellular Level

1988 • 1,916 citations

Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of serotonin receptors in the rat brain. I. Serotonin-1 receptors

1985 • 1,855 citations

Phasic versus tonic dopamine release and the modulation of dopamine system responsivity: A hypothesis for the etiology of schizophrenia

1991 • 1,819 citations

Topographical organization of the efferent projections of the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat: An anterograde tract‐tracing study with Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin

1989 • 1,570 citations

Time-locked multiregional retroactivation: A systems-level proposal for the neural substrates of recall and recognition

1989 • 1,516 citations

Context, cortex, and dopamine: A connectionist approach to behavior and biology in schizophrenia.

1992 • 1,477 citations

Localization of Cognitive Operations in the Human Brain

1988 • 1,433 citations

The use of c-fos as a metabolic marker in neuronal pathway tracing

1989 • 1,390 citations

The neuropsychology of schizophrenia

1991 • 1,376 citations

D1 Dopamine Receptors in Prefrontal Cortex: Involvement in Working Memory

1991 • 1,365 citations

Classification of typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs on the basis of dopamine D-1, D-2 and serotonin2 pKi values.

1989 • 1,313 citations

Sensorimotor Gating and Schizophrenia

1990 • 1,307 citations

Frontal Lobe Function and Dysfunction

1991 • 1,237 citations

Specificity in the projection patterns of accumbal core and shell in the rat

1991 • 1,186 citations

Neuropsychological Function in Schizophrenia

1991 • 1,158 citations

[3H]Ketanserin (R 41 468), a selective 3H-ligand for serotonin2 receptor binding sites. Binding properties, brain distribution, and functional role.

1982 • 1,049 citations

The long and the short of long–term memory—a molecular framework

1986 • 1,026 citations

Rapid increase of an immediate early gene messenger RNA in hippocampal neurons by synaptic NMDA receptor activation

1989 • 1,014 citations

Anatomical Abnormalities in the Brains of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia

1990 • 1,009 citations

Role of ion flux in the control of c-fos expression

1986 • 1,006 citations

Amphetamine and cocaine induce drug-specific activation of the c-fos gene in striosome-matrix compartments and limbic subdivisions of the striatum.

1990 • 958 citations

Development of the hippocampal region in the rat I. Neurogenesis examined with ³H‐thymidine autoradiography

1980 • 897 citations

The problem of the frontal lobe: A reinterpretation

1971 • 892 citations

Basal Ganglia and Limbic System Pathology in Schizophrenia

1985 • 891 citations

Deficits in Small Interneurons in Prefrontal and Cingulate Cortices of Schizophrenic and Schizoaffective Patients

1991 • 889 citations

Hypofrontality in Neuroleptic-Naive Patients and in Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia

1992 • 882 citations

Prenatal developmental disturbances in the limbic allocortex in schizophrenics

1986 • 879 citations

Localization of dopamine D3 receptor mRNA in the rat brain using in situ hybridization histochemistry: comparison with dopamine D2 receptor mRNA

1991 • 859 citations

Organization of the projections from the subiculum to the ventral striatum in the rat. A study using anterograde transport of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin

1987 • 857 citations

Prefrontal cortical efferents in the rat synapse on unlabeled neuronal targets of catecholamine terminals in the nucleus accumbens septi and on dopamine neurons in the ventral tegmental area

1992 • 832 citations

Quantitative autoradiographic mapping of serotonin receptors in the rat brain. II. Serotonin-2 receptors

1985 • 803 citations

Dual pathways connecting the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex with the hippocampal formation and parahippocampal cortex in the rhesus monkey

1984 • 778 citations

Some psychiatric implications of physiological studies on frontotemporal portion of limbic system (Visceral brain)

1952 • 764 citations

Synaptic interactions among excitatory afferents to nucleus accumbens neurons: hippocampal gating of prefrontal cortical input

1995 • 754 citations

The distribution of the projection from the hippocampal formation to the nucleus accumbens in the rat: An anterograde and retrograde-horseradish peroxidase study

1982 • 741 citations

An Anatomy of Schizophrenia?

1973 • 721 citations

Postpubertal Emergence of Hyperresponsiveness to Stress and to Amphetamine after Neonatal Excitotoxic Hippocampal Damage: A Potential Animal Model of Schizophrenia

1993 • 690 citations

Postmortem Evidence of Structural Brain Changes in Schizophrenia

1986 • 684 citations

Dopamine, schizophrenia, mania, and depression: Toward a unified hypothesis of cortico-striatopallido-thalamic function

1987 • 682 citations

Identification, characterization, and localization of the dopamine D3 receptor in rat brain using 7-[3H]hydroxy-N,N-di-n-propyl-2-aminotetralin.

1992 • 672 citations

Evidence of dysfunction of a prefrontal-limbic network in schizophrenia: a magnetic resonance imaging and regional cerebral blood flow study of discordant monozygotic twins

1992 • 665 citations

Altered Distribution of Nicotinamide-Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate—Diaphorase Cells in Frontal Lobe of Schizophrenics Implies Disturbances of Cortical Development

1993 • 660 citations

The primate mediodorsal (MD) nucleus and its projection to the frontal lobe

1985 • 652 citations

Dopaminergic stimulation disrupts sensorimotor gating in the rat

1988 • 609 citations

Physiological Dysfunction of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex in Schizophrenia

1988 • 602 citations

Clinical studies on the mechanism of action of clozapine: the dopamine-serotonin hypothesis of schizophrenia

1989 • 600 citations

The left striato-pallidal hyperactivity model of schizophrenia

1994 • 600 citations

Towards a Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia

1988 • 588 citations

Reduced temporal limbic structure volumes on magnetic resonance images in first episode schizophrenia

1990 • 543 citations

Further Evidence for Dementia of the Prefrontal Type in Schizophrenia?

1987 • 524 citations

Some Cytoarchitectural Abnormalities of the Entorhinal Cortex in Schizophrenia

1991 • 517 citations

Brain Morphology and Schizophrenia

1992 • 508 citations

Quantitative Cytoarchitectural Studies of the Cerebral Cortex of Schizophrenics

1986 • 506 citations

Cocaine induces striatal c-fos-immunoreactive proteins via dopaminergic D1 receptors.

1991 • 499 citations

Structural Abnormalities in the Frontal System in Schizophrenia

1986 • 489 citations

Pharmacology of mesocortical dopamine neurons.

1983 • 478 citations

Neuroleptics increase C-FOS expression in the forebrain: Contrasting effects of haloperidol and clozapine

1992 • 477 citations

Performance of Schizophrenic Patients on Tests Sensitive To Left or Right Frontal, Temporal, or Parietal Function in Neurological Patients

1983 • 467 citations

Time Course and Biologic Correlates of Treatment Response in First-Episode Schizophrenia

1993 • 454 citations

Dopamine receptor sequences. Therapeutic levels of neuroleptics occupy D2 receptors, clozapine occupies D4.

1992 • 445 citations

In the rat medial nucleus accumbens, hippocampal and catecholaminergic terminals converge on spiny neurons and are in apposition to each other

1990 • 443 citations

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain in Schizophrenia

1990 • 440 citations

Hippocampal Pathologic Findings in Schizophrenia

1989 • 437 citations

Clinical neuropsychology, 3rd ed.

1993 • 424 citations

Widespread Cerebral Gray Matter Volume Deficits in Schizophrenia

1992 • 421 citations

Temporal lobe pathology in schizophrenia: a quantitative magnetic resonance imaging study

1989 • 416 citations

The Hippocampal Formation of the Primate Brain

1987 • 413 citations

The Generalized Pattern of Neuropsychological Deficits in Outpatients With Chronic Schizophrenia With Heterogeneous Wisconsin Card Sorting Test Results

1991 • 409 citations

Acute Effects of Typical and Atypical Antipsychotic Drugs on the Release of Dopamine from Prefrontal Cortex, Nucleus Accumbens, and Striatum of the Rat: An In Vivo Microdialysis Study

1990 • 407 citations

Improvement in cognitive functions and psychiatric symptoms in treatment-refractory schizophrenic patients receiving clozapine

1993 • 403 citations

Pharmacology of human dopamine D3 receptor expressed in a mammalian cell line: comparison with D2 receptor

1992 • 402 citations

Neuropsychological Assessment of Monozygotic Twins Discordant for Schizophrenia

1990 • 387 citations

Physiological dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia

1985 • 373 citations

A detailed mapping of dopamine D-2 receptors in rat central nervous system by autoradiography with [125I]iodosulpride

1987 • 353 citations

D2 dopamine receptor antagonists induce fos and related proteins in rat striatal neurons

1990 • 344 citations

Central dopamine hyperactivity in rats mimics abnormal acoustic startle response in schizophrenics

1986 • 341 citations

Schizophrenia: A Subcortical Neurotransmitter Imbalance Syndrome?

1990 • 335 citations

American Psychiatric Press Review of Psychiatry, vol. 12

1994 • 333 citations

Cerebral Ventricular Enlargement in Chronic Schizophrenia

1980 • 328 citations

Computed Tomography in Schizophreniform Disorder and Other Acute Psychiatric Disorders

1982 • 326 citations

Psychopathology and the Brain

1992 • 325 citations

Neuropsychological functioning of first-episode schizophreniform patients

1992 • 324 citations

D1- and D2-dopamine receptor occupancy during treatment with conventional and atypical neuroleptics

1989 • 322 citations

Contrasts between patients with affective disorders and patients with schizophrenia on a neuropsychological test battery

1993 • 317 citations

CEREBRAL VENTRICULAR SIZE IN TWINS DISCORDANT FOR SCHIZOPHRENIA

1982 • 313 citations

The Frontal Lobes, Basal Ganglia, and Temporal Lobes as Sites for Schizophrenia

1990 • 312 citations

Induction patterns of Fos-like immunoreactivity in the forebrain as predictors of atypical antipsychotic activity.

1994 • 304 citations

Psychiatric Disturbances in Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

1992 • 302 citations

Effect of clozapine on the turnover of dopamine in the corpus striatum and in the limbic system

1973 • 296 citations

The Effect of Clozapine on Cognition and Psychiatric Symptoms in Patients with Schizophrenia

1993 • 296 citations

Serotonin receptors in the human brain. II. Characterization and autoradiographic localization of 5-HT1C and 5-HT2 recognition sites

1986 • 292 citations

Molecular Basis of Different Forms of Metachromatic Leukodystrophy

1991 • 291 citations

An Analysis of the Arrangement of Neurons in the Cingulate Cortex of Schizophrenic Patients

1987 • 280 citations

Psychopathology and the Brain

1991 • 279 citations

Neuropsychological evidence for frontostriatal dysfunction in schizophrenia

1995 • 272 citations

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Abnormalities in Lenticular Nuclei and Cerebral Cortex in Schizophrenia

1991 • 271 citations

Structural Abnormalities in the Cerebral Cortex of Chronic Schizophrenic Patients

1979 • 257 citations

Effect of beta-chloroethylamine hydrochlorides in leukaemia, Hodgkin's disease, and polycythaemia vera; report on 18 cases.

1947 • 257 citations

Chapter 4 Prefrontal cortex in relation to other cortical areas in rhesus monkey: Architecture and connections

1991 • 255 citations

Mechanisms of action of atypical antipsychotic drugs

1991 • 254 citations

Anatomical and electrophysiological evidence for a direct projection from ammon's horn to the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat

1987 • 246 citations

Regionally specific effects of atypical antipsychotic drugs on striatal Fos expression: The nucleus accumbens shell as a locus of antipsychotic action

1992 • 238 citations

The regulation of subcortical dopamine systems by the prefrontal cortex: interactions of central dopamine systems and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia

1992 • 218 citations

A connectionist approach to the prefrontal cortex

1993 • 218 citations

Learning and memory in monozygotic twins discordant for schizophrenia

1993 • 212 citations

Ibotenic acid lesion of the ventral hippocampus differentially affects dopamine and its metabolites in the nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex in the rat

1992 • 206 citations

Post-mortem Study of Chronic Schizophrenic Brains

1987 • 203 citations

Mechanisms of complex transcriptional regulation: implications for brain development

1991 • 193 citations

Regional Cerebral Blood Flow in Monozygotic Twins Discordant and Concordant for Schizophrenia

1992 • 190 citations

Delayed effects of neonatal hippocampal damage on haloperidol-induced catalepsy and apomorphine-induced stereotypic behaviors in the rat

1993 • 189 citations

The Hippocampus and Parahippocampus in Schizophrenic, Suicide, and Control Brains

1990 • 187 citations

Speculation on the Meaning of Cerebral Metabolic Hypofrontality in Schizophrenia

1988 • 186 citations

Typical and atypical antipsychotic occupancy of D2 and S2 receptors: An autoradiographic analysis in rat brain

1986 • 177 citations

Differential Visualization of Dopamine D2 and D3 Receptor Sites in Rat Brain. A Comparative Study Using In Situ Hybridization Histochemistry and Ligand Binding Autoradiography

1993 • 176 citations

Serum levels of anticholinergic drugs and impaired recent memory in chronic schizophrenic patients

1982 • 175 citations

Regulation of cortical and subcortical glutamate receptor subunit expression by antipsychotic drugs

1995 • 171 citations

Neurochemically Specified Subsystems in the Basal Ganglia

1984 • 168 citations

Induction of c‐fos mRNA Expression in Rat Striatum by Neuroleptic Drugs

1990 • 165 citations

Familial aspects of CT scan abnormalities in chronic schizophrenic patients

1981 • 156 citations

Altered Modulation of Prefrontal and Subcortical Brain Activity in Newly Diagnosed Schizophrenia and Schizophreniform Disorder

1991 • 156 citations

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia

1984 • 150 citations

Ventricle-Brain Ratio, Computed Tomographic Density, and Brain Area in 50 Schizophrenics

1989 • 147 citations

A “Mock up” of schizophrenia: Temporal lobe epilepsy and schizophrenia-like psychosis

1990 • 146 citations

Effect of thioridazine, clozapine and other antipsychotics on the kinetic state of tyrosine hydroxylase and on the turnover rate of dopamine in striatum and nucleus accumbens.

1975 • 145 citations

Lateral ventricular size, psychopathology, and medication response in the psychoses.

1984 • 144 citations

Apomorphine disrupts the inhibition of acoustic startle induced by weak prepulses in rats

1990 • 141 citations

The molecular foundations of psychiatry

1993 • 134 citations

Fetal Neural Development and Adult Schizophrenia

1991 • 134 citations

Cognitive Impairment Associated with Morphological Brain Abnormalities on Computed Tomography in Chronic Schizophrenic Patients

1980 • 133 citations

Sulcal prominence in young chronic schizophrenic patients: CT scan findings associated with impairment on neuropsychological tests

1979 • 131 citations

Subchronic Treatment with Haloperidol and Clozapine in Rats with Neonatal Excitotoxic Hippocampal Damage

1994 • 129 citations

In vivo potencies of antipsychotic drugs in blocking alpha 1 noradrenergic and dopamine D2 receptors: Implications for drug mechanisms of action

1986 • 128 citations

Limbic/mesolimbic connections and the pathogenesis of schizophrenia

1991 • 123 citations

Neuroleptic drug effects on cognitive function in schizophrenia

1990 • 121 citations

Differential effects of haloperidol and clozapine on neurotensin gene transcription in rat neostriatum

1992 • 120 citations

Computed Tomographic Evidence for Generalized Sulcal and Ventricular Enlargement in Schizophrenia

1988 • 117 citations

Mechanisms for diversity in gene expression patterns

1991 • 114 citations

Reduction in temporal lobe size in siblings with schizophrenia: A magnetic resonance imaging study

1990 • 114 citations

Regional differences in homovanillic acid concentrations after acute and chronic administration of antipsychotic drugs

1974 • 110 citations

Brain Organization in Schizophrenia

1986 • 108 citations

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Schizophrenia

1991 • 108 citations

An evaluation of structural and functional prefrontal deficits in schizophrenia: MRI and neuropsychological measures

1992 • 105 citations

Qualitative assessment of brain morphology in acute and chronic schizophrenia

1992 • 105 citations

Evidence for Different States of the Dopamine Dl Receptor: Clozapine and Fluperlapine May Preferentially Label an Adenylate Cyclase‐Coupled State of the Dl Receptor

1986 • 104 citations

Prefrontal sulcal prominence is inversely related to response to clozapine in schizophrenia

1991 • 100 citations

[Functions of the basal ganglia].

1982 • 99 citations

Effects of typical and atypical neuroleptics on Fos protein expression in the rat forebrain

1994 • 94 citations

Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Monoamine Metabolites and Their Relation to Psychosis

1990 • 94 citations

Dopamine receptor genes: new tools for molecular psychiatry.

1992 • 93 citations

Role of the Cyclic AMP—Dependent Protein Kinase in Signal Transduction

1989 • 92 citations

Brain Morphology, Dopamine, and Eye-Tracking Abnormalities in First-Episode Schizophrenia

1993 • 91 citations

Development of connections between the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus and the prefrontal cortex in the rat

1986 • 86 citations

Functions of the basal ganglia

1985 • 83 citations

Fos and jun cooperate in transcriptional regulation via heterologous activation domains.

1990 • 82 citations

Electrophysiological evidence that the mediodorsal nucleus of the thalamus is a relay between the ventral pallidum and the medial prefrontal cortex in the rat

1985 • 80 citations

Effects of chronic haloperidol and clozapine treatment on neurotensin and c-fos mRNA in rat neostriatal subregions.

1994 • 80 citations

Development and maturation of cerebral cortex

1988 • 78 citations

Chronic clozapine treatment of rats down-regulates cortical 5-HT2 receptors

1983 • 76 citations

Schizophrenia and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

1994 • 75 citations

Loxapine and clozapine decrease serotonin (S2) but do not elevate dopamine (D2) receptor numbers in the rat brain

1984 • 74 citations

The Development of the Hippocampal Region

1988 • 72 citations

Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: Specific relations to ventricular size and negative symptomatology

1988 • 69 citations

Selective induction of Fos and FRA immunoreactivity within the mesolimbic and mesostriatal dopamine terminal fields

1993 • 64 citations

Early lesions and abnormal neuronal connections

1981 • 61 citations

Dopamine and schizophrenia—a cortically corrective perspective

1992 • 56 citations

Selective inhibition of mesolimbic dopamine release following chronic administration of clozapine: involvement of α1-noradrenergic receptors demonstrated by in vivo voltammetry

1988 • 55 citations

The Effects of Haloperidol on Thought Disorder and IQ in Schizophrenia

1990 • 55 citations

Quantitative effects of typical and atypical neuroleptics on smooth pursuit eye tracking in schizophrenia

1994 • 55 citations

Interaction of psychotropic drugs with central 5-HT3 recognition sites: fact or artifact?

1989 • 52 citations

Effects of ibotenic acid lesion of the medial prefrontal cortex on dopamine agonist-related behaviors in the rat

1993 • 51 citations

Quantitative cytoarchitectonics of the human cerebral cortex in schizophrenic dementia

1972 • 46 citations

The relationship of structural brain imaging parameters to antipsychotic treatment response: a review.

1992 • 45 citations

Three-dimensional steric molecular modeling of the 5-hydroxytryptamine3 receptor pharmacophore.

1989 • 43 citations

Gonadectomy does not prevent novelty or drug-induced motor hyperresponsiveness in rats with neonatal hippocampal damage

1994 • 42 citations

Third-ventricle enlargement and neuropsychological deficit in schizophrenia

1992 • 41 citations

Ontogenesis of chronic epileptic psychoses: a reanalysis

1971 • 38 citations

Subcortical dopamine and serotonin turnover during acute and subchronic administration of typical and atypical neuroleptics

1993 • 37 citations

Ibotenic acid lesions of medial prefrontal cortex augment swim-stress-induced locomotion

1992 • 36 citations

Stimulatory Effect of the D2 Antagonist Sulpiride on Glucose Utilization in Dopaminergic Regions of Rat Brain

1987 • 36 citations

Visualization of dopamine D3-like receptors in human brain with [125I]epidepride

1992 • 35 citations

The performance of patients with schizophrenia on the wechsler memory scale-revised

1992 • 34 citations

Schizophrenic Dementia

1988 • 32 citations

The effects of haloperidol on thought disorder and IQ in schizophrenia.

1990 • 32 citations

Altered relationships between metabolic rates of glucose in brain regions of schizophrenic patients

1987 • 30 citations

Release from proactive interference: Determinants of performance and neuropsychological correlates

1992 • 29 citations

The effects of combined prefrontal cortical and hippocampal damage on dopamine-related behaviors in rats

1994 • 27 citations

Clinical Neuropsychology

1995 • 27 citations

Differential visualization of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in rat brain

1993 • 23 citations

New Biological Vistas on Schizophrenia

1993 • 23 citations

New biological vistas on schizophrenia

1992 • 20 citations

Low dose raclopride spares the extrapyramidal system in rat brain from metabolic effects

1993 • 19 citations

Relationship Between CT Scan Findings and Neuropsychological Performance in Chronic Schizophrenia

1986 • 18 citations

Antiepileptic drugs, ed 3. Edited by René Levy, PhD, F. E. Dreifuss, MB, Richard H. Mattson, MD, et al New York, Raven, 1989 1,053pp, illustrated, $ 135.00

1990 • 3 citations

Genetic differences in behavioral response to neonatal hippocampal damage in rats

1994 • 1 citations

Differential Induction of c-fos mRNA in Rat Prefrontal Cortex by Typical Versus Atypical Antipsychotics

1994 • 1 citations

Deleted Work

1955 • 0 citations