Endogenous interleukin 6 production in multiple myeloma patients treated with chimeric monoclonal anti-IL6 antibodies indicates the existence of a positive feed-back loop.

A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival

1975 • 3,051 citations

Interleukin-6 and the acute phase response

1990 • 2,740 citations

Autocrine generation and requirement of BSF-2/IL-6 for human multiple myelomas

1988 • 1,698 citations

Wintrobe's clinical hematology.

1981 • 1,192 citations

Wintrobe's Clinical Hematology

1993 • 1,153 citations

Production of hybridoma growth factor by human monocytes

1987 • 1,133 citations

Cloning and Expression of the Human Interleukin-6 (BSF-2/IFNβ 2) Receptor

1988 • 1,063 citations

Paracrine rather than autocrine regulation of myeloma-cell growth and differentiation by interleukin-6

1989 • 775 citations

Serum levels of interleukin 6, a potent myeloma cell growth factor, as a reflect of disease severity in plasma cell dyscrasias.

1989 • 501 citations

Murine anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody therapy for a patient with plasma cell leukemia

1991 • 419 citations

Plasma clearance, organ distribution and target cells of interleukin‐6/hepatocyte‐stimulating factor in the rat

1988 • 298 citations

Biologic effects of anti-interleukin-6 murine monoclonal antibody in advanced multiple myeloma

1995 • 275 citations

Interleukin-6 is a potent myeloma-cell growth factor in patients with aggressive multiple myeloma

1989 • 271 citations

Endocrinologic and metabolic effects of interleukin-6 in humans

1995 • 254 citations

Sensitive ELISA for interleukin-6

1991 • 246 citations

Response patterns of purified myeloma cells to hematopoietic growth factors

1989 • 231 citations

Primary tumor cells of myeloma patients induce interleukin-6 secretion in long-term bone marrow cultures

1994 • 166 citations

Purification and NH2-terminal sequence of a plasmacytoma growth factor derived from the murine macrophage cell line P388D1.

1987 • 145 citations

Structure-function analysis of human IL-6. Epitope mapping of neutralizing monoclonal antibodies with amino- and carboxyl-terminal deletion mutants.

1990 • 138 citations

Interleukin-6 is the central tumor growth factor in vitro and in vivo in multiple myeloma.

1990 • 124 citations

Measurement of whole body interleukin-6 (IL-6) production: prediction of the efficacy of anti-IL-6 treatments

1995 • 117 citations

Antibodies chaperone circulating IL-6. Paradoxical effects of anti-IL-6 "neutralizing" antibodies in vivo.

1993 • 108 citations

Protective effect of anti‐interleukin (IL)‐6 antibody against endotoxin, associated with paradoxically increased IL‐6 levels

1992 • 105 citations

High amounts of circulating interleukin (IL)‐6 in the form of monomeric immune complexes during anti‐IL‐6 therapy. Towards a new methodology for measuring overall cytokine production in human in vivo

1992 • 102 citations

Identification of two novel regions of human IL-6 responsible for receptor binding and signal transduction.

1994 • 102 citations

Cytokine-binding proteins: stimulating antagonists

1995 • 94 citations

Fate of interleukin‐6 in the rat

1990 • 49 citations

Serum immunoreactive interleukin‐6 and C‐reactive protein levels in patients with multiple myeloma at diagnosis

1994 • 46 citations

Murine anti-human IL-6 monoclonal antibody prolongs the half-life in circulating blood and thus prolongs the bioactivity of human IL-6 in mice.

1991 • 41 citations

Murine anti-interleukin-6 monoclonal antibody therapy for a patient with plasma cell leukemia

1991 • 40 citations

Increased circulating interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) activity in endotoxin‐challenged mice pretreated with anti‐IL‐6 antibody is due to IL‐6 accumulated in antigen‐antibody complexes

1993 • 38 citations

Sustained high levels of circulating chaperoned interleukin-6 after active specific cancer immunotherapy

1994 • 29 citations

Interleukin-6, a new target for therapy in multiple myeloma?

1993 • 23 citations

Antibodies in vivo.

1982 • 23 citations

Anticipating, recognizing, and preventing hazards associated with in vivo use of monoclonal antibodies: special considerations related to human anti-mouse antibodies.

1990 • 21 citations

Response patterns of purified myeloma cells to hematopoietic growth factors

1989 • 19 citations

Sustained high levels of circulating chaperoned interleukin-6 after active specific cancer immunotherapy

1994 • 3 citations