A question of self‐preservation: immunopathology in influenza virus infection

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Fatal outcome of human influenza A (H5N1) is associated with high viral load and hypercytokinemia

2006 • 1,803 citations

Influenza virus receptors in the human airway

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Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Infection in Humans

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Programmed cell death

1974 • 966 citations

Induction of proinflammatory cytokines in human macrophages by influenza A (H5N1) viruses: a mechanism for the unusual severity of human disease?

2002 • 893 citations

Re-emergence of fatal human influenza A subtype H5N1 disease

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Initial Genetic Characterization of the 1918 “Spanish” Influenza Virus

1997 • 706 citations

Virus-Specific CD8+ T Cells in Primary and Secondary Influenza Pneumonia

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Local and systemic cytokine responses during experimental human influenza A virus infection. Relation to symptom formation and host defense.

1998 • 678 citations

Lethal H5N1 influenza viruses escape host anti-viral cytokine responses

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Oxidative stress during viral infection: A review

1996 • 648 citations

Requirement of Mip-1α for an Inflammatory Response to Viral Infection

1995 • 636 citations

Hemophagocytic Syndromes and Infection

2000 • 552 citations

A history of influenza

2001 • 550 citations

Ox-40 Ligand: A Potent Costimulatory Molecule for Sustaining Primary CD4 T Cell Responses

1998 • 515 citations

Pathogenicity of Influenza Viruses with Genes from the 1918 Pandemic Virus: Functional Roles of Alveolar Macrophages and Neutrophils in Limiting Virus Replication and Mortality in Mice

2005 • 507 citations

Proinflammatory cytokine responses induced by influenza A (H5N1) viruses in primary human alveolar and bronchial epithelial cells

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Pathogenesis of influenza virus-induced pneumonia: involvement of both nitric oxide and oxygen radicals.

1996 • 496 citations

Enhanced virulence of influenza A viruses with the haemagglutinin of the 1918 pandemic virus

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Pathology of fatal human infection associated with avian influenza A H5N1 virus

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Oxygen Radicals in Influenza-Induced Pathogenesis and Treatment with Pyran Polymer-Conjugated SOD

1989 • 420 citations

H5N1 influenza: A protean pandemic threat

2004 • 396 citations

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2000 • 388 citations

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1991 • 372 citations

Cellular transcriptional profiling in influenza A virus-infected lung epithelial cells: The role of the nonstructural NS1 protein in the evasion of the host innate defense and its potential contribution to pandemic influenza

2002 • 370 citations

Influenza and the challenge for immunology

2006 • 354 citations

Interleukin-1 Is Responsible for Acute Lung Immunopathology but Increases Survival of Respiratory Influenza Virus Infection

2005 • 354 citations

Molecular pathogenesis of influenza A virus infection and virus-induced regulation of cytokine gene expression

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Symptom pathogenesis during acute influenza: Interleukin‐6 and Other cytokine responses

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1990 • 336 citations

The Immune Response to Influenza Infection

1986 • 321 citations

OX40-Deficient Mice Are Defective in Th Cell Proliferation but Are Competent in Generating B Cell and CTL Responses after Virus Infection

1999 • 320 citations

Host Range Restriction and Pathogenicity in the Context of Influenza Pandemic

2006 • 295 citations

Influenza virus-specific CD4+ T helper type 2 T lymphocytes do not promote recovery from experimental virus infection.

1994 • 283 citations

Inhibition of tumor necrosis factor reduces the severity of virus-specific lung immunopathology

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Inflammatory responses in influenza A virus infection

2000 • 267 citations

Delayed clearance of Sendai virus in mice lacking class I MHC-restricted CD8+ T cells.

1992 • 237 citations

Contribution of Virus-specific CD8+ Cytotoxic T Cells to Virus Clearance or Pathologic Manifestations of Influenza Virus Infection in a T Cell Receptor Transgenic Mouse Model

1998 • 208 citations

The Role of Alpha/Beta and Gamma Interferons in Development of Immunity to Influenza A Virus in Mice

2000 • 190 citations

Role of free radicals in viral pathogenesis and mutation

2001 • 189 citations

Rapid Interferon γ–dependent Clearance of Influenza A Virus and Protection from Consolidating Pneumonitis in Nitric Oxide Synthase 2–deficient Mice

1998 • 186 citations

CD4 T cell responses to influenza infection

2004 • 179 citations

Pathogenesis of Hong Kong H5N1 influenza virus NS gene reassortants in mice: the role of cytokines and B- and T-cell responses

2005 • 169 citations

Clearance of an Influenza A Virus by CD4⁺T Cells Is Inefficient in the Absence of B Cells

1998 • 169 citations

Involvement of interferon‐γ and macrophage colony‐stimulating factor in pathogenesis of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults

1994 • 169 citations

Influenza Pandemics: Past, Present and Future

2006 • 167 citations

Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis) in Human Monocytes Infected by Influenza A Virus

1994 • 164 citations

Thermal and behavioral effects of lipopolysaccharide and influenza in interleukin-1 beta-deficient mice

1995 • 162 citations

An absence of reactive oxygen species improves the resolution of lung influenza infection

2006 • 158 citations

Activation of cytokine genes in T cells during primary and secondary murine influenza pneumonia.

1993 • 150 citations

Susceptibility of mononuclear phagocytes to influenza A virus infection and possible role in the antiviral response

1997 • 138 citations

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Protective Role of Gamma Interferon during the Recall Response to Influenza Virus

1998 • 137 citations

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha production of influenza A virus-infected macrophages and potentiating effect of lipopolysaccharides.

1990 • 135 citations

Concurrent production of interleukin-2, interleukin-10, and gamma interferon in the regional lymph nodes of mice with influenza pneumonia

1994 • 134 citations

Tumor necrosis factor as a mediator of inflammation in influenza A viral pneumonia

1995 • 134 citations

Sickness behavior in mice deficient in interleukin-6 during turpentine abscess and influenza pneumonitis

1997 • 131 citations

Selective induction of monocyte and not neutrophil-attracting chemokines after influenza A virus infection.

1996 • 131 citations

In vivo blockade of gamma interferon affects the influenza virus-induced humoral and the local cellular immune response in lung tissue

1996 • 126 citations

Production of Interferon-γ by Influenza Hemagglutinin-Specific CD8 Effector T Cells Influences the Development of Pulmonary Immunopathology

2001 • 122 citations

Virus clearance and immunopathology by CD8+ T cells during infection with respiratory syncytial virus are mediated by IFN-γ

2002 • 119 citations

Expression of specific cytolytic activity by H-2I region-restricted, influenza virus-specific T lymphocyte clones.

1985 • 119 citations

Cutting Edge: Pulmonary Immunopathology Mediated by Antigen-Specific Expression of TNF-α by Antiviral CD8+ T Cells

2004 • 119 citations

Structural and functional consequences of alveolar cell recognition by CD8(+) T lymphocytes in experimental lung disease.

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A Critical Role for OX40 in T Cell–mediated Immunopathology during Lung Viral Infection

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Protective Mechanisms against Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Virus. I. Relative Contribution of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes and of Alveolar Macrophages to Protection during the Early Phase of Intranasal Infection

1987 • 106 citations

Cellular Immunity and Lung Injury in Respiratory Virus Infection

2006 • 105 citations

Perforin-Independent CD8⁺T-Cell–Mediated Cytotoxicity of Alveolar Epithelial Cells Is Preferentially Mediated by Tumor Necrosis Factor- α

1999 • 105 citations

Influenza A virus infection of macrophages. Enhanced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene expression and lipopolysaccharide-triggered TNF-alpha release.

1991 • 96 citations

Defense against Influenza A Virus Infection: Essential Role of the Chemokine System

2001 • 91 citations

Differential Expression of Chemokines and Their Receptors in Adult and Neonatal Macrophages Infected with Human or Avian Influenza Viruses

2006 • 89 citations

Immune CD4+ T cells promote the clearance of influenza virus from major histocompatibility complex class II -/- respiratory epithelium

1996 • 89 citations

CD4+T Cells Are Ineffective in Clearing a Pulmonary Infection with Influenza Type A Virus in the Absence of B Cells

1997 • 87 citations

Expression of Cytokines on Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Induced by Influenza Virus A

1997 • 86 citations

CD8+ T Cell–mediated Injury In Vivo Progresses in the Absence of Effector T Cells

2001 • 82 citations

CD200 is a novel p53-target gene involved in apoptosis-associated immune tolerance

2003 • 82 citations

Influenza: pathogenesis and host defense.

1992 • 71 citations

Differential Mononuclear Leukocyte Attracting Chemokine Production after Stimulation with Active and Inactivated Influenza A Virus

1998 • 70 citations

Lethal synergism between influenza infection and staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice.

1996 • 69 citations

Coadministration of DNA Encoding Interleukin-6 and Hemagglutinin Confers Protection from Influenza Virus Challenge in Mice

1998 • 67 citations

No apoptotic deaths and different levels of inductions of inflammatory cytokines in alveolar macrophages infected with influenza viruses

2004 • 65 citations

IL-6 induces long-term protective immunity against a lethal challenge of influenza virus

1999 • 57 citations

Influenza: pathogenesis and host defense.

1992 • 56 citations

Functionally distinct T cells in three compartments of the respiratory tract after influenza virus infection

1996 • 54 citations

New aspects of influenza viruses

1992 • 51 citations

Cutting Edge: Insufficient Perforin Expression in CD8+ T Cells in Response to Hemagglutinin from Avian Influenza (H5N1) Virus

2006 • 51 citations

Gamma Interferon Is Not Required for Mucosal Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Responses or Heterosubtypic Immunity to Influenza A Virus Infection in Mice

2000 • 50 citations

Morphological and Cytochemical Characterization of Cells Infiltrating Mouse Lungs After Influenza Infection

1978 • 49 citations

Pulmonary immune response of young and aged mice after influenza challenge.

1995 • 47 citations

CD14 is required for influenza A virus-induced cytokine and chemokine production

2004 • 42 citations

Hyper‐interleukin (IL)‐6‐naemia in haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis

1996 • 38 citations

Bronchial Epithelial Cells

1994 • 29 citations

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Complicating Influenza A Infection

2006 • 29 citations

Characterization of Cells Infiltrating the Lungs of X‐Irradiated and Nude Mice after Influenza Virus Infection

1982 • 21 citations

β2-microglobulin-deficient mice demonstrate class II MHC restricted anti-viral CD4+ but not CD8+ CTL against influenza-sensitized autologous splenocytes

1995 • 12 citations

Alveolar Epithelial Cell Chemokine Expression Induced by Specific Antiviral CD8+ T-Cell Recognition Plays a Critical Role in the Perpetuation of Experimental Interstitial Pneumonia

2001 • 4 citations